By World BEYOND War, May 1, 2022
Mhlawumbe lo mzuzu lapho impi ibe khona kuthelevishini, futhi lokho kusakazwa kubi kakhulu - nakuba kuhlangothi olulodwa - kunakudala, kuyithuba kwabanye abantu abengeziwe ukuthi babheke impi ngokujwayelekile. Bangu izimpi emazweni amaningi, futhi kuzo zonke, njengase-Ukraine, izindaba zezisulu zihlasimulisa umzimba, futhi ubugebengu obenziwe - kuhlanganise nobugebengu bempi - ukucasuka okukhulu kakhulu.
World BEYOND War usanda kukhipha i 2022 isibuyekezo se-Mapping Militarism yayo insiza. Njengoba manje sesikhiqize lawa mamephu iminyaka embalwa, amaningi awo avumela ukuskrola emuva eminyakeni embalwa ukuze ubuke izinguquko. Lezo zinguquko, okuhlanganisa nebalazwe lalapho izimpi zikhona, akuzona zonke ezinhle.
Ukuhlasela kwe-US i-Afghanistan kanye ne-Iraq/Syria ngonyaka wezi-2021 lehle kakhulu kusukela eminyakeni edlule, nakuba ngokuqinisekile lingekho ezingeni noma ubani angakhetha ukuphila ngaphansi kwalo - amabhomu ase-US anomthelela ofanayo kubantu owenziwe ngamabhomu aseRussia nase-Ukraine. Imephu ye I-drone yase-US "ishaya" emazweni ahlukahlukene awakabuyekezwa, hhayi ngenxa yokuthi ubuqaba buye banqotshwa kodwa ngenxa yokuthi iBureau of Investigative Journalism iye yawuyekisa umsebenzi obalulekile wokubika ngalokho uhulumeni wase-US angazange asitshele kona.
Kodwa imephu yokuthi mangaki amasosha izwe ngalinye emhlabeni elibambe iqhaza kuwo umsebenzi we-Afghanistan akunalutho ngesizathu esihle, ukuphela kwalowo msebenzi (uhulumeni wase-US udlulele kubantu base-Afghan ababulawa indlala ngokuthathwa kwezimali).
Amamephu avuliwe ukusetshenziswa kwempi futhi ukusetshenziswa kwezempi ngomuntu ngamunye khombisa ukwanda umhlaba ongeke ukwazi ukukukhokhela.
E-United States, uMongameli Biden, ucele ukuthi kunyuswe imali, futhi iCongress yanikeza ukwanda ngaphezu kwalokho akucelile, nengxenye yezindleko zezempi eqhathaniswa neStockholm International Peace Research Institute neyamanye amazwe ifinyelela ku-$800. ibhiliyoni. Lokho kucishe kufane nezizwe eziyi-10 ezilandelayo ezihlanganiswe ndawonye, eziyisi-8 zalezo eziyi-10 zingamakhasimende ezikhali zase-US acindezelwa yi-US ukuthi achithe ngaphezulu. Ngezansi kwalabo abasebenzisa imali yezempi ephezulu abayi-11, ingabe uyazi ukuthi zingaki izizwe ezidingekayo ukuze ungeze ezingeni elifanayo lokusebenzisa imali njengoba i-US izibandakanya? Umbuzo okhohlisayo. Ungakwazi ukuhlanganisa ukusetshenziswa kwemali kwamazwe angu-142 alandelayo futhi ungasondeli ndawo. Amazwe aphezulu ayi-11 asebenzisa imali kwezempi enza ama-77% azo zonke izindleko zezempi. Amazwe aphezulu angama-25 asebenzisa imali kwezempi enza ama-89% azo zonke izindleko zezempi. Kulawo aphezulu angama-25, angama-22 ngamakhasimende ezikhali zase-US noma i-US uqobo. Abasebenzisa imali abaphezulu bonke bakhuphule imali abayisebenzisayo ngo-2021, okuhlanganisa neRussia, eyehlise ukusetshenziswa kwayo eminyakeni emithathu kwemihlanu edlule.
Emalini yezempi kuphela lapho i-United States inanoma yimuphi umncintiswano. Empeleni, njengoba amamephu ekhombisa, I-Israel yadlula i-United States, yathatha indawo yokuqala ngo-2020 (okungenani uma singakunaki ukuthi ingakanani imali esetshenziswa ezempi yakwa-Israel ehlinzekwa njengesipho yi-United States), futhi i-Qatar yadlula kokubili i-Israel ne-United States ngo-2021. I-30 ephezulu amazwe asebenzisa imali yezempi ngomuntu ngamunye angamakhasimende ezikhali zase-US noma i-US uqobo. Azikho izibalo zeNorth Korea.
Uma sibheka ukuthunyelwa kwezikhali zamazwe sithola iphethini ejwayelekile.
Izikhali zase-US ezithunyelwa ngaphandle zifana nalezo zamazwe amahlanu noma ayisithupha alandelayo. Amazwe ayisikhombisa aphezulu enza ama-84% ezikhali ezithunyelwa ngaphandle. Amazwe ayi-15 aphezulu enza ama-97% ezikhali ezithunyelwa ngaphandle. Bonke ngaphandle kwababili kwabathumeli bezikhali emhlabeni bangamakhasimende ezikhali ase-US. Indawo yesibili ekuhwebeni kwezikhali zamazwe ngamazwe, ephethwe yiRussia iminyaka eyisikhombisa eyedlule, isithathwe yiFrance. Okuwukuphela kokugqagqana phakathi kokusebenzelana kwezikhali ezibalulekile nalapho izimpi zikhona khona kuse-Ukraine naseRussia - amazwe amabili athintwe impi eyaziwa kabanzi njengengaphandle kwejwayelekile. Eminyakeni eminingi awekho amazwe anezimpi angabadayisi bezikhali.
Nali imephu ye lapho izikhali zase-US zingeniswa khona, kanye nokukodwa kwe lapho kuthunyelwa khona izikhali zase-US ngezindleko zase-US ngobuhle benhliziyo kahulumeni wase-US, izikhali ezakha amaphesenti angama-40 alokho elikubiza ngokuthi “usizo lwangaphandle.”
Imephu ye umnikazi wezikhali zenuzi ishintshile kancane. Yebo izikhali zase-US azikho zonke e-US njengoba ezinye ziseTurkey, e-Italy, eBelgium, eNetherlands naseJalimane. Wonke amamephu avumela ukusondeza noma ukuphuma. Sicela usondeze ukuze ubone u-Israyeli ngaphambi kokukhononda kithi ngokuthi sifihle amanuki akwa-Israyeli!
I-Mapping Militarism iyaqhubeka nokulandelela umbuso wase-US, ngemephu ebuyekeziwe yokuthi lapho izisekelo zamasosha ase-US zisemhlabeni wonke, kanye nokukodwa kwe lapho amasosha ase-US ekhona ngaziphi izinombolo. Akufakiwe kuleyo mephu amasosha angu-14,908 uhulumeni wase-US awabala njengasezindaweni “ezingaziwa”.
Nawa amamephu we Amalungu e-NATO, Amalungu e-NATO nabalingani, Futhi Izimpi zase-US.
Ingxenye eyinhloko ye-Mapping Militarism iqukethe amabalazwe amazwe athathe izinyathelo ezithile zokuthula. Lokhu kufaka phakathi, amamephu we
- amalungu eNkantolo Yobugebengu Yamazwe Ngamazwe,
- amaqembu ku-Kellogg-Briand Pact,
- amaqembu eNgqungquthela Yezikhali Zamaqembu,
- amaqembu eSivumelwano Sokuvinjelwa Kwezikhali Zenuzi,
- amalungu ezindawo ezingenawo amandla enuzi, Futhi
- amazwe lapho okungenani umuntu oyedwa esayinile World BEYOND WarIsimemezelo Sokuthula, engasayinwa lapha.
Izimpendulo ze-6
Iphi i-Israel (nezikhali zayo zenuzi ezingaziwayo - ephumele obala yathi izoyisebenzisa ukuwisa umhlaba uma isimo sayo sisongelwa?
[isiginesha iyalandela]
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Izakhamizi Zomhlaba
ngomhla ka-1 Meyi 1990 ngokuzenzekelayo zabonakala njengenhlangano engenzi nzuzo engenzi nzuzo engenzi inzuzo ngenjongo eyodwa yokudala umphakathi omusha womhlaba wonke osebenzisanayo wezakhamuzi eziqaphela imvelo esizinikezele ekushintsheni imali ngobuningi, umsebenzi wamaholo ngomnikelo womphakathi, ukuncintisana. ngokubambisana, udlame ngobungane kanye nobuzwe nezinhlanga. Njengomfelandawonye womhlaba wonke, i-iWi imema ubuzalwane nobuzalwane besintu ukuthi bugqugquzele ukuqonda komhlaba wonke ukuze kuvikelwe iplanethi yethu nazo zonke izinhlobo zayo ngokubhala phansi ngokonakala konxiwankulu banamuhla ukuze bawuguqule ube umnotho womhlaba ongenamali lapho zonke zikhiqiza khona. oda ukuthi konke kudle. Zonke Izakhamizi Zomhlaba zikholelwa, ngokomthetho kanye nokusebenza, imibono inamandla ngaphezu kwamandla futhi kunendlela enomusa, emnene yokuguqula umhlaba kunokubulala abanye abantu. Njengezakhamuzi ezinomthwalo wemfanelo sikhiqiza kabusha imibono ngokubambisana - futhi simeme abanye abavumayo ukuyikhiqiza kabusha nokuyisabalalisa - ukuze sakhe umphakathi onjalo.
Khuthaza ukuqonda komhlaba
Nakulokhu: Wonke amamephu avumela ukusondeza noma ukuphuma. Sicela usondeze ukuze ubone u-Israyeli ngaphambi kokukhononda kithi ngokuthi sifihle amanuki akwa-Israyeli!
Sicela uyeke ukushiya i-New Zealand kumamephu akho!
Wonke amamephu avumela ukusondeza noma ukuphuma nokuhambahamba. Yonke imephu eyodwa ihlanganisa i-New Zealand.
I-USA ingeyamazwe ahweba ngezimpi ezinkulu neziyingozi kakhulu emhlabeni. Umongameli wethu uMarcelo uthe uhulumeni kufanele atshale imali eningi kwezempi. Yisitatimende esiwubuphukuphuku nesingenangqondo. I-USA kufanele ivale izisekelo ezingama-800 enazo emhlabeni jikelele
Ezinye zalezi zibalo zibukeka zixakile. Ngaphandle kwalapho bexhunywe ngokusemthethweni emishinini yokusebenzelana kwezizwe ngezizwe, yini nje amasosha ayi-10-100 enza eRussia, ngokwesibonelo? Futhi i-US Air Force igcina isiteshi socwaningo esinabasebenzi baseSouth Pole sihlinzekwa, ngakho-ke ingabe kulungile ukusho nge-Antarctica ukuthi "awekho amasosha ase-US angaphandle akhona noma i-United States ngokwayo"?
Ngokuqondene neLibya ekhululekile emabuthweni amakoloni aseMelika: Angiyithengi leyo!