UJohan Galtung (1930-2024) wayeyiLungu Lebhodi Lokweluleka le World BEYOND War.
UngowaseNorway futhi uzinze eSpain. UJohan Galtung, dr, dr hc mult, uprofesa wezifundo zokuthula, wazalwa ngo-1930 e-Oslo, eNorway. Uyisazi sezibalo, isazi sezokuhlalisana kwabantu, usosayensi wezepolitiki kanye nomsunguli wezifundo zokuthula. Wasungula i-International Peace Research Institute, i-Oslo (1959), isikhungo sokuqala socwaningo lwezemfundo emhlabeni esigxile ezifundweni zokuthula, kanye nethonya elinamandla. Journal of Research Research (1964). Usize ekutholeni inqwaba yezinye izikhungo zokuthula emhlabeni jikelele. Usebenze njengoprofesa wezifundo zokuthula emanyuvesi emhlabeni wonke, kuhlanganise Columbia (New York), Oslo, Berlin, Belgrade, Paris, Santiago de Chile, Buenos Aires, Cairo, Sichuan, Ritsumeikan (Japan), Princeton, Hawai 'i, Tromsoe, Bern, Alicante (Spain) kanye nenqwaba yabanye kuwo wonke amazwekazi. Uye wafundisa izinkulungwane zabantu ngabanye futhi wabashukumisela ukuba banikezele ukuphila kwabo ekukhuthazeni ukuthula nokwaneliswa kwezidingo zomuntu eziyisisekelo. Uye waba ngumlamuleli ezingxabanweni ezingaphezu kuka-150 phakathi kwezifundazwe, izizwe, izinkolo, impucuko, imiphakathi, kanye nabantu kusukela ngo-1957. Iminikelo yakhe kuthiyori yokuthula nokusebenza ihlanganisa ukucabanga ngokwakha ukuthula, ukuxoxisana kwezingxabano, ukubuyisana, ukungabi nabudlova, inkolelo yodlame lwesakhiwo, inkolelo-mbono mayelana nokwakha ukuthula. vs. ukuthula okuhle, imfundo yokuthula kanye nobuntatheli bokuthula. Umthelela oyingqayizivele kaProf. Galtung ocwaningweni lwezingxabano nokuthula usukela ekuhlanganisweni kophenyo lwesayensi oluhlelekile kanye nezimiso zokuziphatha zesiGandhi zezindlela ezinokuthula nokuzwana.
UJohan Galtung wenze ucwaningo oluningi emikhakheni eminingi futhi wenza iminikelo yokuqala hhayi kuphela ezifundweni zokuthula kodwa futhi, phakathi kokunye, amalungelo abantu, izidingo eziyisisekelo, amasu okuthuthukisa, umnotho wezwe osekela ukuphila, umlando omkhulu, inkolelo yempucuko. , i- federalism, i-globalization, ithiyori yenkulumo, i-pathologies yezenhlalakahle, isiko elijulile, ukuthula nezinkolo, indlela yesayensi yezenhlalakahle, i-sociology, i-ecology, izifundo zesikhathi esizayo.
Ungumbhali noma omunye umbhali wezincwadi ezingaphezu kuka-170 mayelana nokuthula nezindaba ezihlobene, 96 njengoyedwa umbhali. Zingaphezu kuka-40 ezihunyushelwe kwezinye izilimi, kuhlanganisa Iminyaka engu-50-100 Ukuthula Nokungaboni ngaso linye eshicilelwe ngu TRANSCEND University Press. Dlulisa futhi Uguqule yahunyushelwa ezilimini ezingu-25. Ushicilele izindatshana ezingaphezu kuka-1700 nezahluko zezincwadi futhi wabhala okuhleliwe kwamasonto onke kuka-500 DLULISA Isevisi Yemidiya-TMS, ehlanganisa ubuntatheli bokuthula obugxile kuzixazululo.
Ezinye zezincwadi zakhe: Ukuthula Ngezindlela Zokuthula (1996), I-Macrohistory kanye ne-Macrohistorians (no-Sohail Inayatullah, 1997), Uguquko Lwezingxabano Ngezindlela Zokuthula (1998), Johan uten umhlaba (i-autobiography, 2000), Dlulisa futhi Uguqule: Isingeniso Somsebenzi Wokungqubuzana (2004, ngezilimi ezingu-25), Iminyaka engama-50 - Imibono eyi-100 yokuthula nokungqubuzana (2008), Intando yeningi – Ukuthula – Intuthuko (noPaul Scott, 2008), Iminyaka engama-50 - Kuhloliwe Izindawo Zobuhlakani ezingama-25 (2008), UNkulunkulu womhlaba wonke (noGraeme MacQueen, 2008), Ukuwa Kombuso WaseMelika - Bese Kuyini (2009), Peace Business (noJack Santa Barbara kanye noFred Dubee, 2009), Ithiyori Yokungqubuzana (2010), Ithiyori Yentuthuko (2010), Ukubika Ukungqubuzana: Izikhombisi-ndlela Ezintsha ku-Peace Journalism (noJake Lynch no-Annabel McGoldrick, 2010), I-Korea: Izindlela Ezisontekile Eziya Ekuhlanganisweni (noJae-Bong Lee, 2011), Ukubuyisana (noJoanna Santa Barbara noDiane Perlman, 2012), I-Peace Mathematics (noDietrich Fischer, 2012), I-Peace Economics (2012), Ithiyori Yempucuko (ozayo 2013), kanye Ithiyori Yokuthula (okuzayo ngo-2013).
Ngo-2008 wasungula i- TRANSCEND University Press futhi ungumsunguli (ngo-2000) kanye nomphathi we- I-TRASCEND Peace University, inyuvesi yokuqala emhlabeni ye-Peace Studies University. Uphinde abe ngumsunguli nomqondisi we TRANSEND International, inethiwekhi yomhlaba wonke engenzi nzuzo ye-Peace, Development and Environment, eyasungulwa ngo-1993, enamalungu angaphezu kuka-500 emazweni angaphezu kuka-70 emhlabeni jikelele. Njengobufakazi befa lakhe, izifundo zokuthula manje sezifundiswa futhi zicwaningwa emanyuvesi emhlabeni jikelele futhi zifaka isandla emizamweni yokudala ukuthula ezingxabanweni emhlabeni jikelele.
Waboshwa eNorway izinyanga eziyisithupha eneminyaka engu-24 njengongafuni ukuya empini ngenxa kanembeza, ngemva kokuba enze inkonzo yomphakathi izinyanga ezingu-12, isikhathi esifanayo nesabenza inkonzo yezempi. Wavuma ukukhonza ezinye izinyanga ezingu-6 uma engase asebenzele ukuthula, kodwa wenqatshwa. Esejele wabhala incwadi yakhe yokuqala, i-Gandhi's Political Ethics, kanye nomeluleki wakhe, u-Arne Naess.
Njengomamukeli weziqu zobudokotela neziprofessorship ezingaphezu kweshumi nambili kanye nokunye okuhlukile okuningi, okuhlanganisa ne-Right Livelihood Award (eyaziwa nangokuthi i-Alternative Nobel Peace Prize), u-Johan Galtung usazinikele ocwaningweni nasekukhuthazeni ukuthula.
Izimpendulo ze-3
Bengingazi ukuthi ushonile ngaze ngayibona ohlwini lwe-imeyili yakho. Wayengumngane, engisebenza naye, futhi engumhlanganyeli kababa, uGraeme MacQueen, owashona ngo-2023.
Umbutho wokuthula nobulungiswa ulahlekelwe umdondoshiya.
Ngidlulisa amazwi enduduzo emndenini wakhe.
Aphumule Ngokuthula.
Dumele impela! UGaltung uphinde waqamba igama elithi “udlame lwamasiko”. Umcwaningi wokuthula osanda kwenza isikali sokulinganisa udlame lwamasiko ngu-Franz Jedlica wase-Austria. Ungathola “isikali sakhe Sesiko Lodlame” ku-Researchgate (uqoqe idatha mayelana nemithetho ephathelene nokujeziswa kwezingane ngokushaywa, udlame lwasekhaya olubhekiswe kwabesifazane ..).
Angelica
Ngasebenzisa ezinye zezincwadi zakhe ezifundweni zami zobudlelwano bamazwe ngamazwe kanye nezomnotho wezepolitiki isikhathi eside ngicaphuna imibono yakhe kwezinye izigaba.