Okukhethekile: I-Iraq WMD fiasco kwakungesona ukuphela kwesikhathi lapho ingcindezi yezombusazwe yasonta izahlulelo zezobunhloli zase-US. Ngo-2007, u-Israel wathengisa i-CIA ngesimangalo esingabazisayo mayelana ne-reactor yaseNyakatho Korea ogwadule lwaseSyria, kubika uGareth Porter.
nguGareth Porter, Novemba 18, 2017, Izindaba ze-Consortium.
NgoSepthemba 2007, izindiza zempi zakwa-Israel zaqhumisa amabhomu esakhiweni esisempumalanga yeSyria abathi abakwa-Israel babephethe isikhumulo senuzi esicashile esakhiwe ngosizo lwaseNyakatho Korea. Ezinyangeni eziyisikhombisa kamuva, i-CIA yakhipha ividiyo engajwayelekile yemizuzu eyi-11 kanye nabezindaba kanye nezifinyezo ze-Congressional ezisekela leso simangalo.
Izithombe zesathelayithi zalowo okuthiwa umSiriya
indawo yenuzi ngaphambi nangemva kwe-
I-airstrike yakwa-Israel.
Kepha akukho lutho mayelana nalokhu okusolwayo ogwadule lwaseSyria okuvele kube yilokho okwakubonakala ngaleso sikhathi. Ubufakazi obukhona manje bubonisa ukuthi kwakungekho mshini onjalo we-nuclear, nokuthi ama-Israel ayedukise abaphathi bakaGeorge W. Bush ukuze bakholelwe ukuthi kwakungenxa yokudonsela iMelika ekuqhumeni izindawo zokugcina imicibisholo eSyria. Obunye ubufakazi manje buphakamisa ukuthi, ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuthi uhulumeni waseSyria uholele abakwa-Israel ukuthi bakholwe ngokungeyikho ukuthi bekuyindawo ebalulekile yokugcina imicibisholo namarokhethi e-Hezbollah.
Uchwepheshe ophezulu we-International Atomic Agency kuma-reactors aseNyakatho Korea, odabuka eGibhithe u-Yousry Abushady, waxwayisa izikhulu eziphezulu ze-IAEA ngo-2008 ukuthi izimangalo ze-CIA ezishicilelwe mayelana nezinsolo zokuphendula ogwadule lwaseSyria zazingeke zibe yiqiniso. Ochungechungeni lwezingxoxo eVienna nangokushintshana ngocingo nange-imeyili ezinyangeni ezimbalwa u-Abushady wachaza kabanzi ngobufakazi bezobuchwepheshe obaholela ekukhipheni leso sexwayiso futhi abe nokuzethemba okwengeziwe ngaleso sahlulelo kamuva. Futhi unjiniyela wezikhali zenuzi osethathe umhlalaphansi kanye nososayensi wocwaningo onokuhlangenwe nakho kweminyaka eminingi e-Oak Ridge National Laboratory uqinisekise isici esibalulekile salobo bufakazi bezobuchwepheshe.
Izambulo ezishicilelwe yizikhulu eziphezulu zokuphatha uBush zikhombisa, ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuthi abantu abaphambili base-US endabeni bonke babenezisusa zabo zezepolitiki zokweseka isimangalo sakwa-Israel sokuthi i-reactor yaseSyria yakhiwa ngosizo lwaseNyakatho Korea.
IPhini likaMengameli u-Dick Cheney ubenethemba lokuthi uzosebenzisa i-reactor okusolwa ukuthi izokwenza ukuthi uMengameli uGeorge W. Bush aqale ukuhlasela kwe-US eSyria ngethemba lokuzamazamisa umfelandawonye waseSyria-Iranian. Futhi bobabili uCheney kanye noMqondisi we-CIA uMichael Hayden nabo babenethemba lokusebenzisa indaba yesiphehli senuzi esakhiwe eNyakatho Korea eSyria ukubulala isivumelwano uNobhala Wezwe u-Condoleezza Rice ayexoxisana ngaso neNyakatho Korea ngohlelo lwayo lwezikhali zenuzi ngo-2007-08.
Ubufakazi Obumangalisayo beMossad Chief
Ngo-April 2007 isikhulu sophiko lwezobunhloli bakwa-Israel iMossad, uMeir Dagan, wethule uCheney, uHayden kanye noMeluleki Wezokuphepha Kuzwelonke, uSteven Hadley, ubufakazi balokho athi kwakwakhiwa isiphehlisi senuzi empumalanga yeSyria ngosizo lwabaseNyakatho Korea. UDagan wabakhombisa cishe izithombe eziyikhulu zale ndawo ezibanjwa ngesandla eveza akuchaze njengokulungiselelwa ukufakwa kwe-reactor yaseNyakatho Korea futhi wathi sekusele izinyanga ezimbalwa nje iqale ukusebenza.
UMongameli uGeorge W. Bush kanye nePhini likaMongameli
U-Dick Cheney uthola ukwaziswa kwe-Oval Office
evela kuMqondisi weCIA uGeorge Tenet. Futhi
okhona yiChief of Staff Andy Card (ngakwesokudla).
(Isithombe se-White House)
Abakwa-Israel abazange bafihle isifiso sabo sokuthi ukuhlasela kwezindiza kwe-US kucekele phansi isikhungo okusolakala ukuthi singowenuzi. UNdunankulu u-Ehud Olmert ushayele uMongameli Bush ngokushesha ngemva kwalesi sithangami wathi, “George, ngicela ukuthi uqhumise ngebhomu inkomponi,” ngokusho kwe-akhawunti esesikhumbuzweni sikaBush.
UCheney, owayaziwa njengomngane ka-Olmert, wayefuna ukwenza okungaphezu kwalokho. Emihlanganweni ye-White House emasontweni alandelayo, u-Cheney waphikisana ngokuqinile nokuhlasela kwe-US hhayi kuphela esakhiweni okuthiwa i-reactor kodwa nasezindaweni zokugcina izikhali ze-Hezbollah eSyria. UNobhala Wezokuvikela ngaleso sikhathi uRobert Gates, owayebambe iqhaza kuleyo mihlangano, ukhumbule kweyakhe inkumbulo ukuthi uCheney, naye owayefuna ithuba lokuvusa impi ne-Iran, wayenethemba lokuthi “uzomgixabeza u-Assad ngokwanele ukuze aqede ubuhlobo bakhe obuseduze no-Assad. Iran" futhi "ithumele isixwayiso esinamandla kwabase-Irani ukuthi balahle izifiso zabo zenuzi."
UMqondisi we-CIA uHayden waqondanisa le nhlangano ngokucacile noCheney odabeni, hhayi ngenxa yeSyria noma i-Iran kodwa ngenxa yeNyakatho Korea. Encwadini yakhe ethi, Playing to the Edge, eyanyatheliswa ngonyaka odlule, uHayden ukhumbula ukuthi, emhlanganweni we-White House wokwazisa uMongameli Bush ngosuku olulandelayo ngemva kokuvakasha kukaDagan, wahlebela endlebeni kaCheney, “Ubeqinisile, Mnu.
UHayden wayebhekise emzabalazweni oshubile wezepolitiki phakathi kwabaphathi bakaBush mayelana nenqubomgomo yaseNyakatho Korea obulokhu uqhubeka kusukela uCondoleezza Rice abe nguNobhala Wezwe ekuqaleni kuka-2005. uhlelo lwezikhali zenuzi. Kepha uCheney nabambisene nabo kwezokuphatha uJohn Bolton kanye noRobert Joseph (owalandela uBolton njengomenzi wenqubomgomo obalulekile woMnyango Wezwe eNyakatho Korea ngemuva kokuthi uBolton abe yiNxusa le-UN ngo-2005) babezimisele ukuqeda ukuxoxisana nePyongyang.
UCheney wayesazama ukuthola indlela yokuvimbela ukuphothulwa ngempumelelo kwezingxoxo, futhi wayibona indaba yesiphehli senuzi saseSyria esakhiwe ngasese ogwadule ngosizo lwabaseNyakatho Korea njengeqinisa icala lakhe. UCheney wembula kweyakhe inkumbulo ukuthi ngoJanuwari 2008, wafuna ukufaka isihlabathi isivumelwano senuzi sikaRice eNyakatho Korea ngokumenza avume ukuthi ukwehluleka kweNorth Korea "ukuvuma ukuthi banda kwabaseSyria kungaba umbulali wesivumelwano."
Ezinyangeni ezintathu kamuva, i-CIA yakhipha ividiyo yayo yemizuzu engu-11 engakaze ibonwe esekela lonke icala lakwa-Israel le-reactor yaseNyakatho-Korean ecishe yaqedwa. UHayden ukhumbula ukuthi isinqumo sakhe sokudedela ividiyo endaweni okusolwa ukuthi i-nuclear yaseSyria ngo-Ephreli 2008 "kwakuwukugwema isivumelwano senuzi saseNyakatho Korea sithengiselwe iCongress kanye nomphakathi ongenalwazi ngalesi siqephu esibalulekile nesisanda kwenzeka."
Ividiyo, egcwele ukwakhiwa kabusha kwekhompyutha kwesakhiwo kanye nezithombe ezivela kwa-Israel zenze elikhulu isasasa kwabezindaba. Kodwa omunye uchwepheshe wemishini yenuzi owahlola ividiyo wathola izizathu eziningi zokuphetha ngokuthi icala le-CIA lalingasekelwe ebufakazini bangempela.
Ubufakazi Bezobuchwepheshe obumelene ne-Reactor
Isizwe saseGibhithe u-Yousry Abushady wayeneziqu ze-PhD kwezobunjiniyela benuzi futhi engumakadebona we-IAEA oneminyaka engama-23 okhushulelwe esikhundleni sokuba yinhloko yeWestern Europe ophikweni lwezokusebenza loMnyango Wezokuvikela we-ejensi, okusho ukuthi uyena ophethe konke ukuhlolwa kwezikhungo zenuzi. isifunda. Uke waba ngumeluleki omethembayo kaBruno Pellaud, iPhini Lomqondisi Jikelele we-IAEA Wezokuvikela kusukela ngo-1993 kuya ku-1999, otshele lo mbhali engxoxweni ukuthi “wayethembele ku-Abushady njalo.”
Imephu yaseSyria.
U-Abushady ukhumbule engxoxweni ukuthi, ngemuva kokuchitha amahora amaningi ebuyekeza ividiyo ekhishwe yi-CIA ngo-Ephreli 2008 ngohlaka, wayeqinisekile ukuthi icala le-CIA le-reactor yenuzi e-al-Kibar ogwadule empumalanga yeSyria lalingekho. izizathu eziningi zobuchwepheshe. Abakwa-Israel kanye ne-CIA babethi i-reactor okusolwa ukuthi imodelwe ngohlobo lwe-reactor abantu baseNyakatho Korea ababeyifake e-Yongbyon ebizwa ngokuthi i-gas-cooled graphite-moderated (GCGM) reactor.
Kepha u-Abushady wayazi lolo hlobo lwe-reactor kangcono kunanoma yimuphi omunye umuntu e-IAEA. Wayeklamele i-GCGM reactor yomfundi wakhe owenza iziqu zobudokotela kwezobunjiniyela benuzi, wayeseqale ukuhlola i-reactor yaseYongbyon ngo-1993, futhi kusukela ngo-1999 kuya ku-2003 wayephethe uphiko loMnyango Wezokuvikela olubhekele iNorth Korea.
U-Abushady wayevakashele eNyakatho Korea izikhathi eziyi-15 futhi wenza izingxoxo eziningi zobuchwepheshe nonjiniyela benuzi baseNyakatho Korea ababeklame futhi basebenzisa i-reactor yaseYongbyon. Futhi ubufakazi abubonile kuvidiyo bamqinisekisa ukuthi asikho i-reactor enjalo ebingaqhubeka kwakhiwa e-al-Kibar.
Ngomhla zingama-26 kuMbasa, 2008, u-Abushady wathumela “ukuhlolwa kokuqala kobuchwepheshe” kwevidiyo kuPhini Lomqondisi-Jikelele we-IAEA Wezokuvikela u-Olli Heinonen, nekhophi kuMqondisi Jikelele u-Mohamed ElBaradei. U-Abushady uphawule kumemorandamu yakhe ukuthi umuntu obhekele ukuhlanganisa ividiyo ye-CIA ngokusobala ubengayazi i-reactor yaseNyakatho Korea noma ama-reactor e-GCGM ngokuvamile.
Into yokuqala ethinte u-Abushady mayelana nezicelo zeCIA ukuthi ibhilidi lifushane kakhulu ukuthi lingabamba i-reactor efana neseYongbyon, eNorth Korea.
"Kusobala," ebhala kumemo yakhe "yokuhlola ubuchwepheshe" eya e-Heinonen, "ukuthi isakhiwo saseSiriya esingenayo i-UG [ngaphansi] yokwakha, asikwazi ukubamba [i-reactor] efana [ne] NK GCR [North Korean gas-cooled. i-reactor]."
U-Abushady ulinganisele ukuphakama kwebhilidi le-reactor yaseNyakatho Korea eYongbyon ngamamitha angama-50 (amafidi angama-165) futhi walinganisela ukuthi isakhiwo esise-al-Kibar singaphezudlwana kwengxenye yesithathu ubude.
U-Abushady uphinde wathola izici ezibonakalayo zesayithi le-al-Kibar ezingahambisani nezidingo eziyisisekelo zobuchwepheshe ze-reactor ye-GCGM. Uveze ukuthi i-reactor yase-Yongbyon ayinamabhilidi asekelayo angekho ngaphansi kwama-20 esizeni, kanti isithombe sesathelayithi sibonisa ukuthi isiza saseSyria sasingenaso nesisodwa isakhiwo esibalulekile esisekelayo.
Isibonakaliso esikhulu kunazo zonke sika-Abushady sokuthi lesi sakhiwo bekungeke kube yi-GCGM reactor kwaba ukungabibikho kombhoshongo wokupholisa ukunciphisa izinga lokushisa legesi ye-carbon dioxide epholile kumshini onjalo.
"Ungasebenza kanjani i-reactor epholile ngegesi ogwadule ngaphandle kombhoshongo wokupholisa?" Kubuza uAbushady exoxa.
IPhini likaMqondisi we-IAEA u-Heinonen embikweni we-IAEA uthe indawo inamandla okumpompa anele ukuze ithole amanzi omfula empompini eseduzane ne-Euphrates River eya endaweni. Kodwa u-Abushady ukhumbula ebuza uHeinonen, “La manzi ayengadluliswa kanjani cishe amamitha angu-1,000 XNUMX futhi aqhubekele emshinini wokushisisa ukuze apholise ngawo amandla afanayo?”
URobert Kelley, owayeyinhloko ye-US Department of Energy's Remote Sensing Laboratory futhi owayengumhloli omkhulu we-IAEA e-Iraq, wabona enye inkinga ebalulekile ngesimangalo sika-Heinonen: isiza sasingenayo indawo yokwelapha amanzi omfula ngaphambi kokuba ifike esakhiweni okuthiwa i-reactor.
"Lawo manzi omfula abezothwala udoti kanye nodaka emshinini wokushisisa ukushisa," kusho uKelley engxoxweni, okwenza kube nokungabaza kakhulu ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi i-reactor isebenze lapho.
Esinye isici esibalulekile u-Abushady asithola singekho esizeni kwakuyindawo yechibi lokupholisa uphethiloli osetshenzisiwe. I-CIA yayinombono wokuthi ibhilidi le-reactor ngokwalo liqukethe "ichibi likaphethiloli elichithiwe," elingasekelwe lutho ngaphandle kwesimo esingaqondakali esithombeni esisemoyeni sesakhiwo esiqhunyiswe ngamabhomu.
Kodwa i-reactor yaseNyakatho Korea e-Yongbyon kanye nazo zonke ezinye iziphehlisi ze-GCGM ezingama-28 ezakhiwe emhlabeni wonke zinechibi likaphethiloli esasetshenziswa esakhiweni esihlukile, kusho u-Abushady. Isizathu, echaza, sasiwukuthi i-magnox cladding ezungeze izigxobo zikaphethiloli yayizosabela kunoma yikuphi ukuxhumana nomswakama ukuze kukhiqizwe i-hydrogen engaqhuma.
Kodwa ubufakazi obucacile nobungenakuphikwa bokuthi akukho mshini wokuphendula i-GCGM obekhona e-al-Kibar obuvela kumasampula emvelo athathwe yi-IAEA esizeni ngoJuni 2008. Isikhumbuzi esinjalo besizoba ne-nuclear-grade graphite, kuchaza u-Abushady, futhi uma Empeleni ama-Israel ayeqhumise ibhomu i-reactor ye-GCGM, yayizosakaza izinhlayiya ze-nuclear-grade graphite indawo yonke.
U-Behrad Nakhai, unjiniyela wezikhali zenuzi e-Oak Ridge National Laboratory iminyaka eminingi, uqinisekise ukubonwa kuka-Abshuady engxoxweni. Wathi: “Ubuyoba namakhulu amathani e-nuclear-grade graphite asakazeke endaweni yonke, futhi bekungeke kwenzeke ukuyihlanza.”
Imibiko ye-IAEA yahlala ithule isikhathi esingaphezu kweminyaka emibili mayelana nalokho amasampula akubonisayo mayelana ne-nuclear-grade graphite, kwase kubikwa embikweni kaMeyi 2011 ukuthi izinhlayiya ze-graphite "zazizincane kakhulu ukuthi zivumele ukuhlaziywa kokuhlanzeka uma kuqhathaniswa nalokho okuvame ukudingeka ukuze kusetshenziswe i-reactor.” Kodwa uma kubhekwa amathuluzi atholakalayo kumalabhorethri, i-IAEA ithi ayikwazanga ukunquma ukuthi izinhlayiya ziyizinga lenuzi noma cha “akwenzi mqondo,” kusho uNakhai.
UHayden uvumile ku-akhawunti yakhe yango-2016 ukuthi "izingxenye ezibalulekile" zesizinda sezikhali zenuzi "bezingakatholakali." I-CIA izamile ukuthola ubufakazi bendawo esebenza kabusha eSyria engasetshenziswa ukuthola i-plutonium yebhomu lenuzi kodwa ayikwazanga ukuthola umkhondo wayo.
I-CIA futhi ayizange ithole ubufakazi bendawo yokukhiqiza uphethiloli, ngaphandle kwalokho i-reactor ibingeke ithole izinduku zikaphethiloli ukuthi zicutshungulwe kabusha. I-Syria ibingeke iwathole eNyakatho Korea, ngenxa yokuthi imboni eyenza uphethiloli e-Yongbyon ayizange ikhiqize ama-fuel rods kusukela ngo-1994 futhi bekwaziwa ukuthi iwile esimeni esibi kakhulu ngemva kokuba umbuso uvumile ukulahla uhlelo lwawo lwe-plutonium reactor.
Izithombe Eziguquliwe Nezidukisayo
I-akhawunti kaHayden ikhombisa ukuthi ubekulungele ukunikeza isitembu seCIA sokugunyaza izithombe zakwa-Israel ngisho nangaphambi kokuba abahlaziyi bale nhlangano baqale nokuzihlaziya. Uyavuma ukuthi ngesikhathi ehlangana noDagan ubuso nobuso akazange abuze ukuthi iMossad izithole kanjani futhi nini izithombe, ecaphuna “inqubo yobunhloli” phakathi kozakwethu bezobunhloli ababambisana nabo. Isivumelwano esinjalo ngeke sisebenze, nokho, kuhulumeni owabelana ngobuhlakani ukuze enze i-United States yenze isenzo sempi egameni layo.
I-CIA igxilile endaweni yokwamukela izivakashi ze-ejensi yezinhloli
indlunkulu. (Isithombe sikahulumeni wase-US)
Ividiyo ye-CIA ithembele kakhulu ezithombeni iMossad eyayizinikeze abaphathi bakaBush lapho bephendula. UHayden ubhala ukuthi "bekuyizinto ezikholisayo, uma singaqiniseka ukuthi izithombe bezingakashintshwa."
Kodwa nge-akhawunti yakhe uHayden wayazi ukuthi uMossad uhlanganyele ekukhohlisweni okungenani okukodwa. Ubhala ukuthi ngesikhathi ochwepheshe be-CIA bebuyekeza izithombe zaseMossad, bathola ukuthi omunye wabo wayethengiwe ukuze asuse umbhalo ohlangothini lweloli.
UHayden uthi akazange abe nandaba nalesi sithombe esithengiwe. Kepha ngemuva kokuthi lo mbhali ebuze ukuthi abahlaziyi be-CIA bakuhumushe kanjani ukuthengwa kwesithombe sikaMossad njengeminye yemibuzo abasebenzi bakhe abayicelile ngaphambi kwengxoxo okungenzeka ukuthi yenziwe noHayden, wayinqaba leyo ngxoxo.
U-Abushady uveza ukuthi izingqinamba ezinkulu ngezithombe ezikhishwe yi-CIA esidlangalaleni ukuthi zathathwa ngempela endaweni ye-al-Kibar nokuthi ziyahambisana yini ne-reactor ye-GCGM. Esinye sezithombe sikhombise lokho ividiyo ye-CIA ekubiza ngokuthi “umugqa wensimbi womkhumbi osebenza ngokhonkolo oqinisiwe ngaphambi kokuba ufakwe.” U-Abushady waqaphela ngokushesha, nokho, ukuthi akukho lutho esithombeni oluxhumanisa ulayini wensimbi nesiza se-al-Kibar.
Kokubili ividiyo kanye nesithangami sabezindaba se-CIA kuchaze ukuthi inethiwekhi yamapayipi amancane ngaphandle kwesakhiwo yayinge "amanzi apholisayo ukuvikela ukhonkolo ekushiseni okukhulu kwe-reactor kanye nemisebe."
Kodwa u-Abushady, ogxile kulobu buchwepheshe, uveze ukuthi isakhiwo esisesithombeni asifani nomkhumbi we-Gas-Cooled Reactor. "Lo mkhumbi awukwazi ukuba ngowe-Gas-Cooled Reactor," kuchaza u-Abushady, "ngokuya ngobukhulu bawo, ubukhulu bawo kanye namapayipi aboniswe ohlangothini lomkhumbi."
Incazelo yevidiyo ye-CIA yokuthi inethiwekhi yamapayipi yayidingeka “kumanzi okupholisa” ayinangqondo, kusho u-Abushady, ngoba ama-reactor apholile ngegesi asebenzisa igesi ye-carbon dioxide kuphela - hhayi amanzi - njengesipholisa. Noma yikuphi ukuxhumana phakathi kwamanzi ne-Magnox-cladding esetshenziswa kulolo hlobo lwe-reactor, kuchaza u-Abushady, kungase kubangele ukuqhuma.
Isithombe sesibili sikaMossad sikhombise okushiwo yi-CIA “izindawo zokuphuma” zezinduku zokulawula ze-reactor nezinsimbi zikaphethiloli. I-CIA yahlanganisa leso sithombe ngesithombe seziqongo zezinduku zokulawula nezinsimbi zikaphethiloli ze-reactor yaseNyakatho Korea eYongbyon futhi yathi "ukufana okusondelene kakhulu" phakathi kwalokhu kokubili.
U-Abushady uthole umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwalezi zithombe ezimbili, nokho. I-reactor yaseNyakatho Korea yayinamachweba angama-97, kodwa isithombe okuthiwa sathathwa e-al-Kibar sibonisa amachweba angama-52 kuphela. U-Abushady wayenesiqiniseko sokuthi i-reactor eboniswe esithombeni yayingeke isekelwe ku-reactor yaseYongbyon. Uphinde waphawula ukuthi lesi sithombe sinethoni ye-sepia ephinyiselwe, ephakamisa ukuthi sathathwa eminyakeni embalwa ngaphambili.
U-Abushady uxwayise u-Heinonen no-ElBaradei ekuhloleni kwakhe kokuqala ukuthi isithombe esethulwe sithathwe ngaphakathi kwesakhiwo se-reactor sibonakala esithombeni esidala se-reactor encane epholile ngegesi, okungenzeka ukuthi iyi-reactor yokuqala eyakhiwe e-UK.
Ukukhohlisa Okukabili
Izingqapheli eziningi ziphakamise ukuthi ukwehluleka kweSyria ukubhikishela isiteleka ogwadule kusikisela ukuthi ngempela bekuyi-reactor. Ulwazi oluhlinzekwe ngowayengumphathi webutho lasemoyeni laseSyria owahlubuka embuthweni wamasosha alwa no-Assad e-Aleppo kanye nenhloko yohlelo lwamandla e-athomu e-Syria lusiza ekuvuleni imfihlakalo yalokho okwakukhona ngempela esakhiweni e-al-Kibar.
Umongameli waseSyria u-Bashar al-Assad.
Isikhulu saseSyria, “u-Abu Mohammed,” utshele iThe Guardian ngoFebhuwari 2013 ukuthi ubesebenza esiteshini sezokuvikela eDeir Azzor, idolobha eliseduze ne-al-Kibar, ngesikhathi ethola ucingo oluvela kuBrigadier General eStrategic Air. Ujenene wathi eDamaseku phakathi kwamabili ngo-September 6, 2007. Izindiza zezitha zazisondela endaweni yakhe, kodwa “ningenzi lutho.”
UMakhulu wayedidekile. Wayezibuza ukuthi kungani umyalo waseSyria uzofuna ukuvumela izindiza zempi zakwa-Israel zisondele eDeir Azzor zingaphazanyiswa. Okuwukuphela kwesizathu esinengqondo somyalelo onjalo ongachazeki kungaba ukuthi, esikhundleni sokufuna ukuvimba ama-Israyeli kude nesakhiwo e-al-Kibar, uhulumeni waseSyria wayefuna ngempela ukuthi ama-Israel asihlasele. Ngemuva kwalesi siteleka, iDamaseku ikhiphe isitatimende esingacacile sokuthi izindiza zakwa-Israel zixoshiwe futhi zahlala zithule esitelekeni e-al-Kibar.
U-Abushady utshele lo mbhali ukuthi ufundile emihlanganweni nezikhulu zaseSyria ngonyaka wakhe wokugcina e-IAEA ukuthi uhulumeni waseSyria wayesakhe ngempela lesi sakhiwo e-al-Kibar ukuze kugcinwe imicibisholo ejikijelwayo kanye nendawo yokudubula emisiwe. Futhi uthe u-Ibrahim Othman, inhloko ye-Atomic Energy Commission yaseSyria, uliqinisekisile lelo phuzu emhlanganweni wangasese naye eVienna ngoSepthemba 2015.
U-Othman uphinde waqinisekisa izinsolo zika-Abushady ngokubuka izithombe zesathelayithi zokuthi uphahla lwendlu ephakathi ebhilidini lwenziwe ngamalambu amabili agudlukayo angavulwa ukuze kuqhume umcibisholo. Futhi watshela u-Abushady ukuthi wayeqinisile ngokukholelwa ukuthi okwavela esithombeni sesathelayithi ngokushesha nje ngemva kokuqhuma kwebhomu kwaba yizimo ezimbili eziyindilinga yikho okwakusele kusikhonkolo sokuqala sokwethula isisele semicibisholo.
Ngemuva kokuhlasela kuka-Israel ngo-2006 eNingizimu neLebanon, abakwa-Israel babefuna kakhulu imicibisholo namarokhethi e-Hezbollah ayengafinyelela kwa-Israel futhi bakholelwa ukuthi eziningi zalezo zikhali ze-Hezbollah zazigcinwe eSyria. Uma bebefisa ukudonsa ukunaka kwama-Israel kude nezindawo zokugcina imicibisholo ezicitshwayo, ama-Syria ayezoba nesizathu esihle sokufuna ukukholisa ama-Israel ukuthi lena enye yezindawo zabo ezinkulu zokugcina.
U-Othman utshele u-Abushady ukuthi ibhilidi lashiywa ngo-2002, ngemuva kokuqedwa kokwakhiwa. Abakwa-Israel babethole izithombe ezisezingeni eliphansi kusukela ngo-2001-02 ezibonisa ukwakhiwa kwezindonga zangaphandle ezazizofihla ihholo elimaphakathi lesakhiwo. Abakwa-Israel kanye ne-CIA bobabili baphikelela ngo-2007-08 ukuthi lokhu kwakhiwa okusha kubonise ukuthi kufanele kube yisakhiwo se-reactor, kodwa kuhambisana ngokulinganayo nesakhiwo esiklanyelwe ukufihla indawo yokugcina imicibisholo kanye nendawo yokudubula imicibisholo.
Nakuba iMossad yenza umzamo omkhulu wokuqinisekisa abaphathi bakaBush ukuthi le ndawo yayiyisizinda senuzi, okwakufunwa ama-Israel kwakuwukuba abaphathi bakaBush baqalise ukuhlasela kwezindiza zase-US ngokumelene neHezbollah kanye nezindawo zokugcina imicibisholo yaseSyria. Izikhulu eziphezulu zokuphatha kukaBush azizange zithenge ibhidi yakwa-Israyeli yokwenza i-United States yenze ukuqhuma kwamabhomu, kodwa akekho noyedwa kubo owake wabuza imibuzo mayelana neqhinga lika-Israel.
Ngakho-ke kokubili umbuso ka-Assad kanye nohulumeni wakwa-Israel kubonakala sengathi baphumelele ukwenza izingxenye zabo ngokukhohlisa okukabili ogwadule lwaseSyria.
UGareth Porter uyintatheli ephenyayo ezimele kanye nosomlando wenqubomgomo yezokuphepha kazwelonke yase-US futhi umamukeli woMklomelo we-Gellhorn ka-2012 wobuntatheli. Incwadi yakhe yakamuva ithi Inkinga Ekhiqiziwe: Indaba Engachazwanga ye-Iran Nuclear Scare, eyanyatheliswa ngo-2014.
