Inganekwane: Impi ayinakuvinjelwa

Iqiniso: Impi iyisinqumo somuntu esingagciniwe yinoma yimuphi umthetho wemvelo noma isinqumo semvelo.

Uma impi yayingenakugwemeka, bekungeke kube khona iphuzu lokuzama ukuqeda. Uma impi yayingenakugwemeka, kungase kwenziwe icala lokuziphatha lokuzama ukunciphisa umonakalo walo ngenkathi liqhubeka. Futhi amacala amaningi asemaphandleni angenziwa ukuze alungiselele ukunqoba izimpi ezingenakugwemeka kulolu hlangothi noma kulolo cala. Eqinisweni, ohulumeni benza lokhu kuphela, kodwa isisekelo sabo siphutha. Impi ayinakugwemeka.

Ngisho nobudlova ngesilinganiso esincane akunakugwemeka, kodwa umsebenzi onzima kakhulu wokuqeda udlame ungamayela ayisigidi ngaphesheya komsebenzi olula, noma onzima, wokuphela kokuqeda ukubulawa okukhulu. Impi ayiyona into edalwe ukushisa komdlandla. Kuthatha iminyaka yokulungiselela nokufundiswa, ukukhiqizwa kwezikhali nokuqeqesha.

Impi ayinakwenzeka. Akukho okufana nezinhlobo zamanje zampi ezikhona amakhulu eminyaka noma ngisho namashumi eminyaka adlule. Impi, eye yaba khona ngamafomu ahlukene kakhulu, ingenakho emlandweni wesintu nangaphambi komlando. Nakuba kuthandwa kakhulu ukuphawula ukuthi kuye kwaba khona impi endaweni ethile emhlabeni, kuye kwaba khona ukungabi khona kwempi okunye okuningi emhlabeni. Imiphakathi ngisho nezizwe zanamuhla ziye zahamba amashumi eminyaka neminyaka ngaphandle kwempi. Anthropologists mpikiswano kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yini efana nempi itholwe emiphakathini yangaphambi kwezinguquko, lapho abantu bavame ukuguquguquka khona. Kunezizwe ezimbalwa nje okhethiwe ukungabi namasosha. Nakhu a uhlu.

Ukuthuthukisa izindlela zokugwema ukudala ukungqubuzana kuyincenye yempendulo, kepha ukuphikisana okunye (noma ukungavumelani okukhulu) akunakugwemeka, yingakho kufanele sisebenzise ngokuphumelelayo nangokwengeziwe okulimazayo Amathuluzi ukuxazulula izingxabano nokufeza ukuphepha.

Izikhungo ezahlala iminyaka eminingi, futhi ezibhalwe ngokungenakugwenywa, ezemvelo, ezibalulekile, kanye neminye imigomo efana nokungeniswa okungaqondakali, sekuphelile emiphakathini ehlukahlukene. Lezi zihlanganisa ukubulawa komuntu, ukuzinikela komuntu, ukuhlolwa kwesilingo, ukuhlukunyezwa kwegazi, ukukhwabanisa, isithembu, ukujeziswa okukhulu, nokugqilazwa. Yebo, ezinye zalezi zenzo zisekhona ngefomu elincishisiwe kakhulu, izimangalo ezidukisayo zivame ukwenziwa ngokubaluleka kobugqila, futhi isigqila esisodwa sikhulu kakhulu. Futhi, yebo, impi ingesinye sezikhungo eziyinkinga kakhulu okufanele saneliswe kuphela ukuphela kuphela. Kepha impi incike ezikhungweni ezinkulu njengalezo eseziqedwe ngokuphelele kwamanye ala macala, futhi impi ayilona ithuluzi eliphumelela kakhulu lokuqeda udlame oluncane noma ubuphekula. Isikhali senuzi asivimbeli (futhi singenza lula) ukuhlasela kwamaphekula, kepha amaphoyisa, ubulungiswa, ezemfundo, usizo, ukungabi nodlame - wonke la mathuluzi angaqedela ukuqedwa kwempi. Okungaqala kungaletha abatshalizimali abakhulu emhlabeni wonke empini kuze kube sezingeni lalabo abangaphansi kwabo, nokuyeka ukuhlomisa abanye ngokusebenzisa izikhali zomhlaba jikelele. Njengoba izinto zimi kanjalo, ama-96% esintu alawulwa ngohulumeni abatshala imali encane empini futhi abasabalalisa izikhali zempi ezimbalwa kakhulu kune-United States. Uma impi "ingumuntu," ayinakuba yimpi ezingeni lase-US. Ngamanye amagama, uma ufuna ukusebenzisa ibinzana elithi “imvelo yomuntu,” elingakaze linikezwe nencazelo ehambisanayo, awukwazi ukulisebenzisela lokho okwenziwa ngu-4% wesintu, kungasaphathwa okwenziwa yidlanzana labantu abanamandla phakathi kwalokho u-4% wesintu uyenzeka. Kepha ukukhuphula i-US ibuyele ezingeni lamaShayina lokutshala imali empini, bese kuthi bobabili babuyele ezingeni laseSaudi, njalonjalo, kungahle kudale umjaho wezikhali obuyela emuva obuzonikeza ukukholwa ngamazwi kwecala lokuqeda impi ngokungadingekile futhi kukholisa kakhulu.

UbuGeni bethu:

Impi, njengoba anthropologists bathanda UDouglas Fry ukuphikisana, kungenzeka ukuthi kuye kwaba yizingxenye zamuva nje zokukhona kwezinhlobo zethu. Asizange siphumelele. Kodwa sashintsha ngemikhuba yokubambisana nokuzidela. Ngalesi sikhathi se-10,000 yamuva kakhulu, impi ibe yinkimbinkimbi. Amanye emiphakathini ayengazi impi. Abanye baye bazi futhi basishiya.

Ngisho nasezinkulungwaneni zeminyaka yamuva, ingxenye enkulu ye-Australia, i-Arctic, iNyakatho-mpumalanga yeMexico, i-Great Basin yaseNyakatho Melika, ngisho neYurophu ngaphambi kokunyuka kwamasiko amaqhawe e-patriarchic enza kakhulu noma ngokuphelele ngaphandle kwempi. Kwakamuva izibonelo ziningi. Ngo-1614 iJapane yazihlukanisa naseNtshonalanga nasezimpini ezinkulu kwaze kwaba ngo-1853 lapho iButho Lasemanzini Lase-US lingena ngenkani. Phakathi nalezo zikhathi zokuthula, isiko liyachuma. Ikoloni lasePennsylvania isikhathi esithile lakhetha ukuhlonipha abantu bomdabu, okungenani uma liqhathaniswa namanye amakoloni, futhi lalikwazi ukuthula futhi liyachuma.

Njengoba nje abanye bethu bakuthola kunzima ukucabanga izwe elingenayo impi noma ukubulala, ezinye izinhlangano zabantu zithole kunzima ukucabanga izwe lezizinto. Indoda yaseMalaysia, yabuza ukuthi kungani engayikudubula umcibisholo kubagibeli bezinceku, yaphendula yathi "Ngoba yayizobabulala." Wayengakwazi ukuqonda ukuthi ubani ongakhetha ukubulala. Kulula ukumsola ukuthi akanakho ukucabanga, kodwa kulula kangakanani ngathi ukuba sicabange isiko lapho kungekho muntu owake akhetha ukubulala futhi impi ayingaziwa? Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kulula noma kunzima ukukucabanga, noma ukudala, lokhu kunqunywe ukuthi kuyindaba yenkambiso hhayi i-DNA.

Ngokusho kwenganekwane, impi "yendalo." Kodwa kunesidingo esikhulu sokulungisa isimo esidingekayo ukulungiselela abantu abaningi ukuba bahlanganyele empini, futhi ukuhlupheka okukhulu kwengqondo kuvamile kulabo abaye bahlanganyela. Ngokuphambene, akukho muntu oyedwa owaziwa ukuthi uye wazisola ngokujulile ngokokuziphatha noma ngemuva kokucindezeleka kokucindezeleka kokucindezeleka okuvela empini.

Kweminye imiphakathi abesifazane besuke benqatshelwe ukudala impi amakhulu eminyaka bese befaka phakathi. Ngokusobala, lokhu kungumbuzo wesimasiko, hhayi okwenziwe ngezakhi zofuzo. Impi ingakhethwa, ingenakugwemeka, kwabesifazane namadoda ngokufanayo.

Ezinye izizwe zitshala kakhulu kakhulu empini kuneziningi futhi zihlanganyele ezimpini eziningi. Ezinye izizwe, ngaphansi kokuphoqelela, zidlala izingxenye ezincane ezimpini zabanye. Ezinye izizwe ziye zalahla ngokuphelele impi. Abanye abazange bahlasele elinye izwe amakhulu eminyaka. Abanye baye bafaka impi yabo emnyuziyamu.

Esitatimendeni Seville mayelana Nodlame (PDF), ososayensi abahamba phambili bezokuziphatha bayawuphikisa umbono wokuthi udlame lwabantu oluhleliwe [isb. impi] lunqunyiwe ngokwemvelo. Lesi sitatimende samukelwa yi-UNESCO.

Amabutho Esikhathini Sethu:

Impi isikhathi eside idlule ubuholi bombuso, futhi ngokuqinisekile iSwitzerland uhlobo lwesizwe esiyinhloko capitalist njengoba nje ne-United States. Kodwa kukhona inkolelo evamile yokuthi isiko lobudlova - noma uhlobo oluthile lokuhaha nokubhujiswa kanye nokubona okuncane-kudinga impi. Impendulo eyodwa kulokhu okukhathazayo yilezi ezilandelayo: noma yiluphi uhlobo lomphakathi oludinga impi lungashintshwa futhi akulona luqobo olungenakugwema. Izakhiwo zezempi-zezimboni akuyona amandla angapheli futhi angenakuqothulwa. Ukubhubhisa kwemvelo kanye nezakhiwo zezomnotho ngokusekelwe ekuhaha ngeke ziguquguquke.

Kunomqondo lapho lokhu kungabalulekile; okungukuthi, sidinga ukumisa ukubhujiswa kwezemvelo kanye nokuhlelwa kwezinguquko kuhulumeni njengoba kudingeke siqede impi, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yikuphi kulezi zinguquko kuxhomeke kwabanye ukuba baphumelele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokuhlanganisa lezo mikhankaso kwinhlangano ephelele yokuguqulwa, amandla ezinombeni azokwenza ukuthi ngamunye akwazi ukuphumelela.

Kodwa kukhona omunye umqondo lapho kubalulekile khona lokhu; okungukuthi, sidinga ukuqonda impi njengendalo yendalo futhi siyeke ukucabanga njengento esithweswe amandla ngamandla angaphezu kokulawula kwethu. Ngalowo mqondo kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi akukho mthetho we-physics noma imiphakathi yezenhlalo esidinga ukuba sibe nempi ngoba sinesinye isikhungo. Empeleni, impi ayidingi ngendlela ethile yokuphila noma izinga lokuphila ngoba noma iyiphi indlela yokuphila ingashintshwa, ngoba imikhuba engaqiniseki kufanele iphele ngencazelo noma ngaphandle kwempi, futhi ngoba impi empeleni i-impoverishes imiphakathi eyisebenzisayo.

Izinkinga Ngaphandle Kokulawula Kwakho:

Impi emlandweni wesintu kuze kube manje ayihambisani elinabantu abaningi noma ubuningi bezinsiza. Umqondo wokuthi ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu kanye nezinhlekelele ezibangelwayo kuzokwenza ukuthi izimpi zingabonakali kalula. Akusilo ukubikezela okusekelwe kumaqiniso.

Inkinga yesimo sezulu esanda futhi ikhula yisona sizathu esihle sokuthi silahle isiko lethu lempi, ukuze sikulungele ukusingatha izinkinga ngamanye amancane, izindlela ezincane ezonakalisayo. Futhi ukuqondisa kabusha ezinye noma zonke izindleko zemali namandla okuya empini nokulungiselela impi emsebenzini ophuthumayo wokuvikela isimo sezulu kungenza umehluko omkhulu, kokubili ngokuphelisa omunye wethu omkhulu ukulimaza kwemvelo imisebenzi futhi ngokuxhasa imali ekushintsheni imikhuba emihle.

Ngokuphambene nalokho, inkolelo engafanele yokuthi izimpi kumele zilandele isimo sezulu zizokhuthaza ukutshalwa kwemali ekulungiseni amasosha, ngaleyondlela kukhulisa inkinga yezulu kanye nokwenza kube lula ukuhlukumeza uhlobo olulodwa lwenhlekelele ngolunye.

Ukuphela Impi Kungenzeka:

Umqondo wokuqeda indlala emhlabeni wonke wawubhekwa njengento eqondile. Manje kuqondwa kabanzi ukuthi indlala ingasuswa - futhi ingxenyana encane yalokho okusetshenziselwa empini. Ngenkathi izikhali zenuzi zingazange ziqedwe futhi ziqedwe, kukhona inhlangano ethandwayo eyenza ukwenza lokho.

Ukuqeda yonke impi umqondo owamukele ukwamukelwa okukhulu ngezikhathi nezindawo ezehlukene. Kwakuthandwa kakhulu e-United States, ngokwesibonelo, kuma-1920 naku-1930. Ukuvota akuvame ukuqhutshwa ekusekeleni ukuqedwa kwempi. Nakhu icala elilodwa ngenkathi kwenziwa eBrithani.

Emashumini eminyaka amuva nje, kusatshalaliswe umbono wokuthi impi ingunaphakade. Lowo mqondo umusha, unogqozi futhi awunasisekelo eqinisweni.