NguMedea Benjamin noNicolas JS Davies, CODEPINK, Februwari 28, i-2022
Abavikeli base-Ukraine bamelana ngesibindi nolaka lwaseRussia, behlazisa umhlaba wonke kanye noMkhandlu Wezokuphepha we-UN ngokwehluleka kwawo ukubavikela. Kuwuphawu olukhuthazayo ukuthi amaRussia nama-Ukrainian anjalo ukubamba izinkulumo e-Belarus okungase kuholele ekumisweni kwezikhali. Kufanele kwenziwe yonke imizamo yokuqeda le mpi ngaphambi kokuba umshini wempi waseRussia ubulale izinkulungwane zabavikeli nezakhamuzi zase-Ukraine, futhi uphoqelele amakhulu ezinkulungwane ezengeziwe ukuba abaleke.
Kepha kuneqiniso elicashile kakhulu elisebenzayo ngaphansi kwalo mdlalo wakudala wokuziphatha, futhi lokho kuyindima ye-United States ne-NATO ekubekeni inkundla yale nkinga.
UMongameli Biden ubize ukuhlasela kweRussia "engacasukile,” kodwa lokho kukude neqiniso. Ezinsukwini ezine ezandulela ukuhlasela, abaqaphi bokumiswa komlilo be-Organisation for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE) ibhalwe phansi ukwanda okuyingozi kokwephulwa kokumiswa kwezikhali eMpumalanga ye-Ukraine, ngokuphulwa kwe-5,667 kanye nokuqhuma kwe-4,093.
Iningi lalingaphakathi kwemingcele yaseDonetsk (DPR) kanye naseLuhansk (LPR) People's Republics, okuhambisana nokudubulana okungenayo kwamasosha kahulumeni wase-Ukraine. Nge cishe i-700 Abaqaphi bokuqeda ukudubula kwe-OSCE phansi, akukholakali ukuthi zonke lezi bekuyizehlakalo “zefulegi lamanga” ezihlelwe ngamabutho ahlukanisayo, njengoba kusho izikhulu zaseMelika nezaseBrithani.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukuqhuma kwamagobolondo kwakungokunye ukudlondlobala kwempi yombango eyayinesikhathi eside iqhubeka noma ukuvulwa kwempi entsha yokuhlasela kukahulumeni, kwakuwukucasuka. Kepha ukuhlasela kweRussia kudlule kude noma yisiphi isenzo sokuvikela i-DPR ne-LPR kulokho kuhlasela, kuyenza ingalingani futhi ingabi semthethweni.
Kodwa-ke, esimweni esikhudlwana, i-Ukraine isiphenduke isisulu esingaqondile kanye nommeleli eMpini Yomshoshaphansi yase-US eqala kabusha ngokumelene neRussia neChina, lapho i-United States izungezwe womabili la mazwe ngamabutho ezempi nezikhali ezihlaselayo, ihoxiswe ochungechungeni lonke lwezivumelwano zokulawula izikhali. , futhi wenqaba ukuxoxisana ngezinqumo eziphathelene nokuphepha okunengqondo okuvezwe yiRussia.
NgoDisemba 2021, ngemuva kwengqungquthela phakathi kukaMongameli uBiden noPutin, iRussia yahambisa incwadi uhlaka lwesiphakamiso ngesivumelwano esisha sokuphepha phakathi kweRussia ne-NATO, esinezihloko eziyi-9 okuzoxoxwa ngazo. Zazimelela isisekelo esizwakalayo sokuhwebelana okukhulu. Okubaluleke kakhulu enkingeni yase-Ukraine kwakuwukuvuma nje ukuthi i-NATO ngeke yamukele i-Ukraine njengelungu elisha, elingekho etafuleni esikhathini esizayo esibonakalayo kunoma yikuphi. Kepha abaphathi beBiden basichithile sonke isiphakamiso saseRussia njengesingaqalisi, hhayi nesisekelo sezingxoxo.
Manje-ke kungani ukuxoxisana ngesivumelwano sokuphepha sokubambisana kwakungamukeleki kangangokuthi uBiden wayesekulungele ukubeka engozini izinkulungwane zezimpilo zase-Ukraine, nakuba kungeyona impilo eyodwa yaseMelika, kunokuba azame ukuthola izinto ezifanayo? Kuthini lokho ngenani elihlobene uBiden nozakwabo abalibeka ezimpilweni zaseMelika nezase-Ukraine? Futhi yisiphi lesi sikhundla esiyinqaba i-United States esikuso emhlabeni wanamuhla esivumela umongameli waseMelika ukuthi abeke engcupheni izimpilo eziningi zase-Ukraine ngaphandle kokucela abantu baseMelika ukuthi babelane ngobuhlungu nokuzidela kwabo?
Ukuwohloka kobudlelwano base-US neRussia kanye nokwehluleka kokungaguquguquki kukaBiden kwayibhebhethekisa le mpi, kanti nokho inqubomgomo kaBiden “ibukhipha ngaphandle” bonke ubuhlungu nokuhlupheka ukuze abantu baseMelika bakwazi, njengokunye. umongameli wesikhathi sempi wake wathi, “hamba ngebhizinisi labo” futhi uqhubeke uyothenga. Amadlelandawonye aseMelika aseYurophu, okumele manje ahlalise amakhulu ezinkulungwane zababaleki futhi abhekane nezintengo zamandla ezikhuphukayo, kufanele bakuxwaye ukuwela umugqa ngemuva kwalolu hlobo “lobuholi” ngaphambi kokuba nabo, bagcine sebephambili.
Ekupheleni kweMpi Yomshoshaphansi, i-Warsaw Pact, uzakwabo we-NATO waseMpumalanga Yurophu, yahlakazwa, futhi i-NATO. kufanele ube nayo njengoba yayiyifezile inhloso eyayakhelwe ukusebenza. Esikhundleni salokho, i-NATO iqhubeke iphila njengomfelandawonye wezempi oyingozi, ongalawuleki ozinikele ikakhulukazi ekwandiseni umkhakha wayo wokusebenza kanye nokuthethelela ubukhona bayo. Iye yanda isuka emazweni ayi-16 ngo-1991 yafinyelela enanini lamazwe angu-30 namuhla, okuhlanganisa neningi laseMpumalanga Yurophu, ngesikhathi esifanayo njengoba yenza udlame, ukuqhuma kwamabhomu kwezakhamuzi kanye nobunye ubugebengu bempi.
Ngo-1999, i-NATO umkhankaso impi engekho emthethweni yokuqopha ngezempi iKosovo ezimele ezinsalela zaseYugoslavia. Ukuhlasela kwezindiza kwe-NATO phakathi neMpi yaseKosovo kwabulala amakhulukhulu ezakhamuzi, kanti nozakwabo ophambili empini, uMongameli waseKosovo uHashim Thaci, manje usenkantolo eThe Hague ngecala elibi. ubugebengu bempi wenza ngaphansi kwesembozo sokuqhunyiswa kwamabhomu e-NATO, okuhlanganisa nokubulala ngesihluku kwamakhulu eziboshwa ukuze zithengise izitho zazo zangaphakathi emakethe yamazwe ngamazwe yokufakelwa kabusha.
Kude neNyakatho ye-Atlantic, i-NATO yajoyina i-United States empini yayo yeminyaka engama-20 e-Afghanistan, yabe isihlasela futhi yacekela phansi iLibya ngo-2011, yashiya ngemuva impi. isimo sehlulekile, inkinga yababaleki eqhubekayo nodlame neziyaluyalu esifundeni sonke.
Ngo-1991, njengengxenye yesivumelwano saseSoviet sokwamukela ukuhlanganiswa kweMpumalanga neNtshonalanga Jalimane, abaholi baseNtshonalanga baqinisekisa ozakwabo baseSoviet ukuthi babengeke bayinwebe i-NATO ngokusondelana neRussia kunomngcele weJalimane ebumbene. UNobhala Wezwe waseMelika uJames Baker uthembise ukuthi i-NATO ngeke iqhubeke “ngeyintshi eyodwa” ngaphesheya komngcele waseJalimane. Izithembiso ezaphulwa zaseNtshonalanga zicaciswe ukuze wonke umuntu azibone zingama-30 zehlisiwe amadokhumenti eshicilelwe kusizindalwazi Sokugcinwa Kwemibhalo Evikelekile Kazwelonke.
Ngemuva kokwanda eMpumalanga Yurophu nokulwa izimpi e-Afghanistan naseLibya, i-NATO isifike umbuthano ogcwele ukuze iphinde ibheke iRussia njengesitha sayo esikhulu. Izikhali zenuzi zase-US manje sezizinze emazweni amahlanu e-NATO eYurophu: eJalimane, e-Italy, eNetherlands, eBelgium naseTurkey, kanti iFrance ne-UK sezivele zinazo izikhali zenuzi. Izinhlelo ze-US “missile defense” ezingaguqulwa zibe imicibisholo yenuzi ehlaselayo, zizinze ePoland naseRomania, okuhlanganisa nokucitshwa imicibisholo yenuzi ehlaselayo. base Poland amakhilomitha angu-100 kuphela ukusuka emngceleni waseRussia.
Esinye isiRashiya isicelo esiphakamisweni sayo sangoZibandlela kwakuwukuthi i-United States ivele ijoyine i-1988 Isivumelwano se-INF (Isivumelwano se-Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty), lapho izinhlangothi zombili zivumelene ngokuthi ngeke zisebenzise imicibisholo yenuzi yebanga elifushane noma eliphakathi nendawo e-Europe. UTrump wahoxa esivumelwaneni ngo-2019 ngokwelulekwa nguMeluleki wakhe wezokuPhepha kuzwelonke, uJohn Bolton, naye onezicucu ze-1972. Isivumelwano se-ABM, i-2015 IJCPOA ne-Iran kanye no-1994 I-Framework Evunyelwe neNorth Korea ilenga ebhandeni lakhe lesibhamu.
Akukho kulokhu okungathethelela ukuhlasela kweRussia e-Ukraine, kodwa umhlaba kufanele uyithathele phezulu iRussia uma ithi imibandela yayo yokuqeda impi futhi ibuyele kubuchwephesha ukungathathi hlangothi kwe-Ukraine nokuncishiswa kwezikhali. Yize lingekho izwe elingalindelwa ukuthi likhiphe izikhali ngokuphelele emhlabeni wanamuhla ohlomile, ukungathathi hlangothi kungaba yinketho yesikhathi eside e-Ukraine.
Kunezibonelo eziningi eziyimpumelelo, njengeSwitzerland, Austria, Ireland, Finland kanye neCosta Rica. Noma thatha icala laseVietnam. Inomngcele ojwayelekile kanye nezingxabano ezinzima zasolwandle neChina, kepha iVietnam imenqabile imizamo yase-US yokuyifaka eMpini Yomshoshaphansi neChina, futhi isalokhu izibophezele ekuqhubekeni kwayo isikhathi eside. “Izinombolo ezine” inqubomgomo: akukho mifelandawonye yezempi; akukho budlelwane nezwe elilodwa ngokumelene nelinye; azikho izizinda zamasosha angaphandle; futhi azikho izinsongo noma ukusetshenziswa kwamandla.
Umhlaba kufanele wenze noma yini edingekayo ukuze uthole ukumiswa kokudubula e-Ukraine futhi ukwenze kubambelele. Mhlawumbe uNobhala-Jikelele we-UN u-Guterres noma ummeleli okhethekile we-UN angakwazi ukusebenza njengomxazululi, mhlawumbe nendima yokugcina ukuthula ye-UN. Lokhu ngeke kube lula - esinye sezifundo ezingakafundiwe kwezinye izimpi ukuthi kulula ukuvimbela impi ngokusebenzisa izingxoxo ezibucayi nokuzibophezela kwangempela ekuthuleni kunokuqeda impi uma isiqalile.
Uma futhi lapho kunokumiswa kwezikhali, zonke izinhlangothi kufanele zizilungiselele ukuqala kabusha ukuxoxisana ngezisombululo ezihlala njalo zamanxusa ezizovumela bonke abantu baseDonbas, Ukraine, Russia, United States kanye namanye amalungu e-NATO ukuthi baphile ngokuthula. Ukuphepha akuwona umdlalo we-zero-sum, futhi alikho izwe noma iqembu lamazwe elingathola ukuvikeleka okuhlala njalo ngokubukela phansi ukuphepha kwabanye.
I-United States kanye neRussia kumele ekugcineni bathwale umthwalo ohambisana nokuqoqwa kwezikhali zenuzi ezingaphezu kuka-90%, futhi bavumelane ngohlelo lokuqala lokuzidiliza, ngokuhambisana neSivumelwano Sokungabhebhetheki (Non-Proliferation Treaty)I-NPT) kanye neSivumelwano esisha se-UN Sokuvinjelwa Kwezikhali Zenuzi (I-TPNW).
Okokugcina, njengoba abantu baseMelika begxeka ubudlova baseRussia, kungaba yisibonelo sobuzenzisi ukukhohlwa noma ukuziba izimpi eziningi zakamuva lapho i-United States kanye nabalingani bayo bekungabahlaseli: Kosovo, Afghanistan, Iraq, Haiti, Somalia, I-Palestine, Pakistan, Libya, Syria futhi Yemen.
Sethemba ngobuqotho ukuthi iRussia izoqeda ukuhlasela kwayo okungekho emthethweni, okunonya kwe-Ukraine kudala ngaphambi kokuba yenze ingxenye encane yokubulala nokucekelwa phansi okukhulu okwenziwe yi-United States ezimpini zayo ezingekho emthethweni.
UMedea uBenjamin uhlanganisa CODEPINK for Ukuthula, nombhali wezincwadi eziningana, kufaka phakathi Ngaphakathi kwe-Iran: Umlando Weqiniso Nezombangazwe YeRiphabhulikhi Yase-Islamic yase-Iran.
UNicolas JS Davies yintatheli ezimele, umcwaningi we-CODEPINK kanye nomlobi we Igazi ezandleni Zethu: I-American Invasion kanye nokubhujiswa kwe-Iraq.
