Abesifazane BasePalestine Bayivikela Kanjani ngempumelelo Idolobhana Labo Ekudilizeni

NguSarah Flatto Mansarah, ngo-Okthoba 8, 2019

Kusukela Ukuguquka Ukungaboni

Esikhathini esingaphezu konyaka edlule, izithombe namavidiyo wamaphoyisa asemngceleni wakwa-Israyeli abopha ngesihluku a intokazi yasePalestina uhambe viral. Ubebonakala ukuthi uyakhala njengoba bemsusa i-hijab yakhe bayibhashe phansi.

Kubambe umzuzwana wobunzima ngoJulayi 4, 2018 lapho amabutho akwa-Israyeli efika nababhuli bezimoto eKhan al-Amar, elungele ukuxosha nokubhidliza idolobhana lasePalestine elincane ngezibhamu. Kwakuyisimo esingenakubalekiswa enkundleni yemidlalo yonya okuchaziwe isigodi esidabukisayo. Amasosha namaphoyisa ahlangatshezwa ngamakhulu ezishoshovu zasePalestine, zakwa-Israyeli nezakwamanye amazwe ezazihlangene ukubeka izidumbu zawo kulayini. Behlangene nabefundisi, izintatheli, izifundi zezomthetho, othisha kanye nabezepolitiki, badla, balala, bahlinzeka amasu futhi baqhubeka nokumelana nokungabi nabubi ekulweni nokudilizwa okwakusondele.

Ngokushesha ngemuva kokuthi amaphoyisa ebophe le ntokazi esithombeni nezinye izishoshovu, izakhamuzi zafaka isicelo seNkantolo eNkulu sokumisa ukudilizwa. Kunikezwe umyalo ophuthumayo wokuthi umiswe okwesikhashana. INkantolo Ephakeme icele amaqembu ukuthi aqhamuke "nesivumelwano" ukuxazulula lesi simo. Ngemuva kwalokho, inkantolo yamemezela ukuthi izakhamizi zikaKhan al-Amar kumele zivume ukuhanjiswa ngenkani endaweni eseduze nendawo yokulahla udoti e-East Jerusalem. Benqabile ukwamukela le mibandela futhi baqinisekisa ilungelo labo lokuhlala emakhaya abo. Ekugcineni, ngoSepthemba 5, 2018, amajaji asichitha isicelo esedlule futhi anquma ukuthi ukudilizwa kungaqhubekela phambili.

Imiphakathi ehlala esifundeni sasePalestina isetshenziselwa ukuphoqa ukuthula, ikakhulukazi Indawo C, engaphansi kokulawulwa okugcwele kwezempi kwa-Israyeli nokuphatha. Ukudilizwa okuvame ukwenziwa kuyicebo elichazayo lezinhlelo zikahulumeni wase-Israeli ezimenyezelwe isengezo sayo yonke indawo yasePalestine. UKhan al-Amar uqaqa indawo eyisipesheli ebizwa ngokuthi yi-"E1" yi-Israyeli, phakathi kwezindawo ezinkulu ezingama-Israyeli ezingekho emthethweni ngaphansi komthetho wamazwe omhlaba. Uma uKhan al-Amar ebhujiswa, uhulumeni uzophumelela ukwakha ubunjiniyela bendawo yakwa-Israyeli eWest Bank nokususa umphakathi wasePalestine eJerusalema.

Ukulahlwa kwamazwe omhlaba ngohlelo lukahulumeni wase-Israeli lokudiliza lo mzana bekungakaze kwenzeke. Umshushisi omkhulu weNkantolo yezobugebengu yamazwe omhlaba ikhishwe isitatimende Ukuthi "ukucekelwa phansi kwempahla ngaphandle kwesidingo samasosha nokudluliselwa kwabantu endaweni okuhlalwa kuyo kuyizigebengu." I-European Union ixwayise ukuthi imiphumela yokudilizwa kuzoba “yimbi kakhulu.” Imibhikisho engalawuleki eyenzeka njalo ngehora lesikhathi i-Khan al-Amar ifike ngasekupheleni kuka-Okthoba 2018, lapho uhulumeni wase-Israeli ethi "uzophuma" uzoba ukubambezeleka, okusola unyaka wokukhethwa ungaqiniseki. Lapho imibhikisho igcina inciphile, amakhulu ama-Israyeli, amaPalestina kanye nabezangaphandle bavikela lo muzi izinyanga ezine.

Ngaphezu konyaka ngemuva kokudilizwa kwanikezwa ukukhanya okuluhlaza, uKhan al-Amar uyaphila futhi uphefumula impumuzo. Abantu bakhona bahlala emizini yabo. Baqinile, bazimisele ukuhlala lapho kuze kube yilapho besuswe ngokomzimba. Owesifazane osemusha osesithombeni, uSara, usengenye isithonjana sokumelana okuholwa ngabesifazane.

Yini eya ngqo?

NgoJuni 2019, ngahlala e-Khan al-Amar ngiphuza itiye nge-sage futhi ngiphuza umuthi ocwazimulayo noSara Abu Dahouk, ongunkosikazi osesithombeni sogciwane kanye nonina, Um Ismael (igama lakhe eligcwele alikwazi ukusetshenziswa ngenxa yezinkinga zobumfihlo). Emnyango oqonde edolobhaneni, amadoda ayehlala ezihlalweni zepulasitiki futhi ebhema u-shisha, ngenkathi izingane zidlala ngebhola. Kwakunomuzwa wokwamukelwa kodwa owanqikanqika kulo mphakathi ongayodwa ogudlwa yizinkangala ezinkulu zogwadule olungenalutho. Sixoxe ngenkinga ekhona yehlobo eledlule, siyibiza njalo mushikileh, noma izinkinga ngesi-Arabhu.

Kutholwe amamitha nje ukusuka kumgwaqo omkhulu ophithizelayo ovame ukufikwa ngabokufika bakwa-Israyeli, bengingeke ngikwazi ukuthola uKhan al-Amar ukube angikho noSharona Weiss, isishoshovu samalungelo abantu aseMelika esasihlale amasonto amaningi ehlobo eledlule. Sathatha umgwaqo omkhulu sangena kumgwaqo omkhulu wamatshe siqonde ekungeneni kwedolobhana. Kwazwakala kungenangqondo ukuthi ngisho nephiko elilungile kunalo lonke Kahanist Isazi se-supremacist singawucubungula lo mphakathi - owakhiwe imindeni eminingi ehlala emathendeni, noma imijondolo yokhuni nangamatha - usongo ezweni lakwa-Israyeli.

USara uneminyaka engu-19 kuphela, mncane kakhulu kunami ebengicabanga ukuthi ungowakhe oziphethe futhi ozethembayo. Sigigitheke ngenxa yengozi yokuthi sobabili sashada noSarah, noma sishada, amaMohmed. Sobabili sifuna isixuku sezingane, abafana namantombazane. Um Ismael udlale nengane yami enezinyanga ezintathu ubudala, njengoba indodana kaSharona eneminyaka eyisithupha yazilahla phakathi kwemijondolo. "Sifuna ukuhlala lapha ngokuthula, futhi siphile impilo ejwayelekile," kusho u-Um Ismael ngokukhulu ukucophelela. USarah wagcizelela lo muzwa, "Sijabule manje. Sifuna ukusala sodwa. ”

Akukho ukubala okukhohlisayo kwezepolitiki ngemuva kwabo sumud, noma ukuqina. Badingiswa kabili ngumbuso wakwa-Israyeli, futhi abafuni ukuphinde babe ngababaleki. Kulula kanjalo. Lokhu kuyinto evamile emiphakathini yasePalestine, ukube umhlaba ungakhathaza ulalele.

Ngonyaka owedlule, i-hijab kaSarah yaphucwa ngamaphoyisa abesilisa abahlomile njengoba bezama ukuvikela umalume wakhe ukuthi angaboshwa. Ngenkathi esalinga ukubaleka, bamphoqa ngenkani ukuba bambambe. Lolu dlame olunesihluku kanye nobungqingili luholele emhlabeni wonke lo muzi. Lesi sigameko besihlukumeza kakhulu amazinga amaningi. Ukuchayeka kwakhe mathupha kwiziphathimandla, izishoshovu kanye nabahlali basemzaneni manje sekukhulisiwe emhlabeni njengoba isithombe sasabiwa ngokushesha kwezokuxhumana. Ngisho nalabo abathi babexhasa umzabalazo kaKhanyi al-Amar bazizwa bengekho amandla ekusakazeni lesi sithombe. Kwi i-akhawunti edlule Ibhalwe ngu-Amira Hass, ongumngani womndeni wachaza ukushaqeka okuyihlazo nokuhlazeka okuvezwe yileso sigameko: "Ukubeka isandla kwi-mandil [headcarf] kungukulimaza ubunikazi besifazane."

Kepha umndeni wakhe ubungamfuni ukuthi abe "yiqhawe." Ukuboshwa kwakhe kubonakale kungamahloni futhi kungamukeleki ngabaholi bendawo, abakukhathalela kakhulu ukuphepha nobumfihlo bemindeni yabo. Babephatheke kabi ngombono wowesifazane osemusha oboshwe futhi aboshwe. Ngokwesenzo esibuhlungu, iqembu lamadoda avela kuKhan al-Amar azethula enkantolo ukuba aboshwe esikhundleni sikaSarah. Ngokungangabazeki, isicelo sabo senqatshwe futhi wagcina esitokisini.

USarah uboshwe ejele elifanayo lamasosha Ahed Tamimi, intombazane yasePalestine elahlwe yicala lokubulala amasosha, nonina uNariman, oboshwe ngecala lokuqopha lesi sehlakalo. UDareen Tatour, umbhali wasePalestine onesakhamuzi sase-Israel, naye waboshwa kanye nabo kushicilelwa inkondlo kuFacebook kubhekwe 'njengokuvusa inkanuko.' Bonke banikela ukusekelwa okungokomzwelo obekudingeka kakhulu. UNariman wayengumvikeli wakhe, ngomusa wamnikeza umbhede wakhe lapho isitokisi sasiminyene kakhulu. Ezilalelweni zamasosha, iziphathimandla zamemezela ukuthi uSarah wayengukuphela komuntu waseKhan al-Amar owabekwa icala "ngamacala okuphepha" kanti yena ugcinwe esitokisini. Isimanga ayemangalela sona ukuthi wayezama ukushaya isosha.

Igazi lomakhelwane wakho

Um Ismael, umama kaSarah, waziwa njengensika yomphakathi. Ugcine ngokutshela abesifazane bendawo kuyo yonke le nkinga yokudilizwa komhlaba. Lokhu bekungenxa yezikhundla zomndeni wakhe eziqongweni zegquma, okwakusho ukuthi umndeni wakhe uvame ukubhekana nokuhlaselwa ngamaphoyisa nangamasosha. Ubuye abe ngumxhumanisi kwizishoshovu ezaziletha izimpahla neminikelo yezingane. Uyaziwa ukuthi wenza amahlaya futhi agcina imimoya iphakeme, noma ngabe ababhulisi bebhilidi babehamba bezama ukucekela phansi ikhaya lakhe.

USharona, uSarah kanye no-Um Ismael bangikhombisa edolobhaneni lonke, kufaka phakathi nesikole esincane esimbozwe ngemidwebo emibalabala eyayibekelwe ukudilizwa. Yasindiswa ngokuba yisiza sokubhikisha esisebenza bukhoma, ibamba izishoshovu izinyanga eziningi. Kuvele izingane eziningi futhi zasibingelela ngentshiseko ngeculo elithi “Sawubona, unjani?” Badlala nengane yami yentombazane, bemkhombisa ukuthi angaya kanjani okokuqala enkundleni yokudlala enikelwe.

Lapho siqonda isikole kanye netende elikhulu elingapheli, uSharona wafingqa inqubo yokungaphikiswa okungekho emthethweni ehlobo eledlule, nokuthi kungani lwalusebenza ngempumelelo olungaka. “Phakathi kukaJulayi no-Okthoba, njalo ebusuku bekubhekwa izinto zokubheka itende nokuzihlalela esikoleni esiseduze kwewashi,” echaza. "Abesifazane bakwaBedouin abahlali etendeni eliphambili lokubhikisha, kepha Um Ismael utshele izishoshovu ukuthi bamukelekile ukulala ekhaya lakhe."

Izishoshovu zasePalestine, zakwa-Israyeli kanye nezakwamanye amazwe zabuthana esikoleni njalo ebusuku ukuthola ingxoxo namasu futhi zabelana ngokudla okukhulu, okulungiselelwe ngowesifazane wakule ndawo, uMariam. Amaqembu ezepolitiki kanye nabaholi abavame ukusebenzisana ngenxa yokuhlukahlukana kwemibono ngenxa yomqondo ojwayelekile owenziwa eKhay al-Amar. UMariam ubuye waqinisekisa ukuthi wonke umuntu uhlala enendawo yokulala, nokuthi bakhululekile yize bekuleso simo.

Abesifazane beme beqinile emigqeni yangaphambili belwa nolaka lwamaphoyisa nokufafazwa ngopelepele, kuyilapho imibono yezenzo zabesifazane ingenzeka. Bahlala bahlala ndawonye, ​​bexhuma izingalo. Kube nokushayisana okuthile kumaqhinga. Abanye besifazane, kubandakanya nabesifazane bakwaBedouin, babefuna ukwenza indandatho ezungeza indawo yokuxoshwa bese becula, beme beqinile, bese bemboza ubuso babo ngochuku ngoba bengafuni ukuba ezithombeni. Kepha abesilisa babevame ukugcizelela ukuthi abesifazane baye endaweni engasongelwanga ngaphesheya komgwaqo, ngakho-ke bayovikeleka ebudloveni.Ubusuku obuningi babona izishoshovu ze100 zizungeza, izintatheli kanye nezazimameli zifika ukuze zibekhona kanye nabahlali, ngokuningi noma okuncane ngokuya ngokulindelwe ukubhidlizwa noma ngemikhuleko yangoLwesihlanu. Lokhu kubumbana okunamandla kusikhumbuza umyalo kaLevitikusi 19: 16: Musa ukuma ngegazi lomakhelwane wakho. Ubungozi bokushintshwa kwezimo ezijwayelekile phakathi kwabakwa-Israel namaPalestina ekuqaleni kwenze abantu bendawo bangakhululeki, kepha kwaba yinto encane lapho abakwa-Israel sebeboshiwe futhi bakhombisa ukuthi bazimisele ngokuzibeka engcupheni yokuthola ubungozi bendawo. Lezi zenzo zokumelana ngokubambisana zamukelwa ngemfudumalo yomusa ovela emphakathini obukhona bawo busengcupheni.

Indawo engaphezulu kweC, lapho udlame lwamasosha nabokufika bengumkhuba ojwayelekile, abesifazane bangahlala neqhaza elinamandla okufanele balibambe ekwenzeni “ukuboshwa” kwabasePalestina. Umkhosi umane ungazi ukuthi uzokwenzenjani lapho abesifazane begxuma beqala ukumemeza ebusweni babo. Lesi senzo esiqondile kwesinye isikhathi sivimba izishoshovu ukuthi ziboshwe futhi zisuswe endaweni yesehlakalo ngokuphazamisa ukuboshwa kwazo.

Ama-'Dodget amahle 'kaKhan al-Amar

Ngesikhathi semibhikisho, abesifazane bamazwe aphesheya kanye nabakwa-Israyeli babonile ukuthi abesifazane bendawo abafikanga ethendeni lokubhikisha ngenxa yezindlela zasendaweni zokuphepha ngasese nokwehlukaniswa kobulili. U-Yael Moaz ovela kwa-Friend of Jahalin, ongazuzi nzuzo wendawo, ubuze ukuthi yini engenziwa ukuxhasa nokubabandakanya. U-Eid Jahalin, umholi wedolobhana, uthe, "kufanele wenze okuthile nabesifazane." Ekuqaleni, bebengazi ukuthi le “nto” ibukeka kanjani. Kepha ngesikhathi mushikileh, izakhamizi zivame ukuzwakalisa ukukhungatheka ngokudelela kwabo kwezomnotho. Izindawo eziseduzane zazihlala zibaqasha esikhathini esedlule, futhi uhulumeni wayevame ukubanikeza izimvume zomsebenzi ukuze bangene kwa-Israyeli, kodwa konke lokhu kwamiswa ukuziphindiselela kwabo ngenxa yezishoshovu zabo. Uma benza umsebenzi, kungengenxa yemali.

Izishoshovu zibuze abesifazane lo mbuzo olula: “Wazi kanjani?” Kwakukhona owesifazane osekhulile owakhumbula ukuthi angawakha kanjani amatende, kepha ukumfeketha kuyikhono lesiko elalahlwa ngabesifazane abaningi. Okokuqala, laba besifazane bathi abazi ukuthi kufanele bahlobeke kanjani. Kepha base bekhumbula abanye - belingisa ezabo izingubo ezifekethisiwe futhi beza nemiklamo yabo yobunodoli. Abanye besifazane babefunde lapho beseyintsha, futhi baqala ukutshela uGalya Chai - umqambi futhi ongomunye wabesifazane base-Israeli abasiza ukugcina umdlandla phezu kukaKhan al-Amar ehlobo eledlule - hlobo luni lomucu wokuhlanganisa.

Iphrojekthi entsha ebizwa nge- “Lueba Heluwa, ”Noma Doll omuhle, yavela kulo mzamo, futhi manje isiletha amakhulu ambalwa amashekeli inyanga ngayinye kusuka kubavakashi, izivakashi, izishoshovu kanye nabangane babo - okwenza kube nomthelela omuhle kakhulu ezimpilweni zabahlali. Onodoli nabo bayathengiswa kulo lonke elakwa-Israyeli, ezindaweni eziqhubekayo zezishoshovu ezifana Imbala Cafe eJerusalema. Manje sebefuna ukuthengisa onodoli kwezinye izindawo, njengeBethlehem nezakwamanye amazwe, njengoba okuhlinzekwayo kudlula isidingo sendawo.

Edolobhaneni eliseduze kokususwa kwemephu nguhulumeni wakwa-Israyeli, uChai wachaza ukuthi basondela kanjani ekungalinganini kwamandla okusobala. "Sithole ukwethenjwa ngokuzikhandla," kusho yena. “Bekunabantu abaningi kakhulu ehlobo eledlule, beza kanye kabili, kepha kunzima ukuba yingxenye yento ngaso sonke isikhathi. Yithina kuphela esenza lokho. Silapho kabili, kathathu, kane ngenyanga. Bayazi ukuthi asizange sikhohlwe ngabo, ukuthi sikhona. Silapho ngoba singabangani. Bajabule ukusibona, futhi kungomuntu mathupha manje. ”

Iphrojekthi ibe yimpumelelo engalindelekanga ngaphandle kwemali etholakalayo. Baqale i Instagram akhawunti ngemigomo yabesifazane uqobo - abazizwa bekhululekile ukuthathwa izithombe, kodwa lo mzana uqobo, izingane, nezandla zabo zisebenza. Babambe umcimbi owodwa obuhanjelwe izivakashi ze150, futhi bacabanga ngokubamba imicimbi emikhulu. "Kubalulekile kubona ngoba bazizwa bekude kakhulu," kuchazwa uChii. “Unodoli ngamunye uphatha umyalezo othi awuzwe ngomzana. Banobizo lomenzi okulo. ”

Abesifazane bacabanga ukuletha amaqembu amaningi edolobhaneni ukuzofunda ubuciko bokulengisa. Akunodoli ababili abafanayo. “Onodoli baqale ukubukeka njengabantu abawenzayo,” kusho uChii ehleka. “Kunokuthile mayelana nodoli nokuthi ungubani. Sinamantombazane amancane, njengabafundi be-15 abaneminyaka, abanamakhono kakhulu, kanti onodoli babukeka bebancane. Baqala ukubukeka njengabenzi babo. ”

Iphrojekthi iyakhula, futhi noma ngubani wamukelekile ukujoyina. Okwamanje kukhona abashayeli bamadoli base30, kufaka phakathi amantombazane asemasha. Bazisebenzela bodwa, kepha kuba nemibuthano ehlanganisiwe kaningana ngenyanga. Iphrojekthi iguqukele emzameni omkhulu wokuxazululwa kwezinkinga ezingenangqondo, ukusatshalaliswa kwezinsizakusebenza, kanye nokuhleleka kokuziqondisa kwenhlangano. Ukwenza isibonelo, abesifazane asebekhulile banezinkinga zokubona, ngakho-ke abesifazane bakwa-Israyeli bayashayela bayobona udokotela wamehlo e-Jerusalema onikeza izinsizakalo zamahhala. Abesifazane manje banesifiso sokufunda indlela yokuthunga emishini yokuthunga. Kwesinye isikhathi bafuna ukwenza i-ceramics, ngakho ama-Israyeli azoletha udaka. Kwesinye isikhathi bathi, woza nezimoto ake sibe nepikinikini.

UChai uqaphela ukusho ukuthi "asigcini nje ngokuletha futhi senze, basenzela nathi. Bahlala bafuna ukusinika okuthile. Kwesinye isikhathi basenzela isinkwa, kwesinye isikhathi basenzela itiye. Ekugcineni lapho silapho, owesifazane wamenzela unodoli ngegama lakhe, iGhazala, kuso. ”Igama lakhe nguJael, elizwakala sengathi ghazala, okusho gazelle in Arabic. Lapho amanye ama-Israyeli efunda ngale phrojekthi, asikisela izinto zokufundisa abesifazane. Kepha uChai uqinile ngelensi yezobulungisa yephrojekthi - akekho lapho ezoqala, noma enze izinto zibukeke ngandlela thile, kodwa ukuhlela-ndawonye. "Kufanele ucabange kakhulu ngakho konke okwenzayo futhi ungaphoxeki, ungabi 'yi-Israeli.'”

Ngonyaka olandelayo, inshallah

Ngigijimisa izandla zami komunye wemidwebo eyinkimbinkimbi yedonki, ngabeka iphunga lomhlaba ogcwele kanzima osho kusengaphambili futhi ngizohlala isikhathi eside empini. Ngakhunjuzwa ukuthi inkumbulo namasiko ukuvuselelwa kuyindlela ebalulekile yokumelana, kubalulekile nje ukuthi uSarah azame ukukhulula umzimba wakhe ekuxhakathisweni ngamaphoyisa, noma amakhulukhulu ezishoshovu ezigcina esikoleni esihlaselwe uKhan al-Amar .

Umndeni ukhohlwa ngokusobala ubukhona obuqinisekisayo nobumbano lwezivakashi zomhlaba wonke. Njengoba silungiselela ukuhamba, Um Ismael wangitshela ukuthi kufanele ngibuye ngizovakashela uKhan al-Amar kungekudala, futhi ngizoza nomyeni wami. "Ngonyaka ozayo, inshallah, ”Kwakuyimpendulo eqotho kunayo yonke engingayinikeza. Sobabili sasazi ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi uhulumeni wase-Israeli uzolandela isithembiso sakhe, futhi abhubhise uKhan al-Amar ngaphambi konyaka olandelayo. Kepha okwamanje, abantu sebenqobile. Ngabuza uSarah nonina ukuthi bayacabanga yini mushikileh kuzoqhubeka - uma amabutho ahlomile, ababhikishi nabadiliza bengabuya. "Impela," kusho u-Um Ismael. "SingamaPalestine." Sonke sakwazi ukumomotheka sadabukisa, siphuza itiye lethu sithule. Ngokubambisana sabuka ilanga eligubhayo licwila emagqumeni asogwadule abonakala engenamkhawulo.

USarah Flatto Manasrah ungummeli, umgqugquzeli, umbhali kanye nomsebenzi wokuzalwa. Umsebenzi wakhe ugxile kwezobulili, kwabokufika, ubulungiswa bababaleki kanye nokuvikela udlame. Uhlala eBrooklyn kepha uchitha isikhathi esiningi ephuza itiye ezweni elingcwele. Uyilungu eliqhoshayo lomndeni wamaSulumane namaJuda-Palestina-American nezizukulwane ezine zababaleki.