NguDavid Swanson, May 22, 2019
I-Albion Winegar Tourgée ingaziwa kakhulu manje, nakuba ingekho esikhathini sayo sokuphila, njengommeli oholayo Plessy v. Ferguson icala, okwakuyisigameko esibekiwe, ngokubambisana ngisho nenkampani yendlela, ukuze kutholakale umuntu oboshiwe ngokuhlala emotweni engafanele, athathe lolu daba enkantolo, futhi aqede ukuhlukaniswa kwezitimela - ngaphandle kokuthi kuphelelwe yisikhathi ububandlululo obubi futhi obusemthethweni iminyaka engaphezu kwe-50.
Umsebenzi kaTourgée awusona isenzakalo esisodwa kuphela, futhi ithonya lakhe elihle alikayeki. Yena wayengomunye wamazwi amhlophe anethonya kakhulu ngamalungelo alinganayo abamnyama emashumini eminyaka alandela iMpi Yomphakathi yase-US. Ngifuna ukucaphuna futhi ngicabange ngesigaba esifushane esitholakala kwelinye lamanoveli akhe, A Fools Errand. Le ncwadi yayihamba kahle kakhulu e-1879, eyashicilelwa ngokungaziwa "ngesinye seziwula."
Incwadi ethi semi-autobiographically ilandisa ngomzamo womlobi wokuzithutha yena nomndeni wakhe kusukela eNyakatho kuya eGreensboro, eNorth Carolina, ngemva kwempi, ukuze basize ekwakhiweni kabusha. Le ncwadi ilandisa okwesabekayo kwebugebengu bukaKu Klux Klan ngokumelene nabamnyama kanye nabamhlophe abamemezela amalungelo abantu abamnyama. Ngenkathi ivesi engizoyiqhathanisa ukuyikhipha, le ncwadi ayikho. Inikeza imibono yabamhlophe nabamnyama eNingizimu naseNyakatho, kuhlanganise nabase-Southern Unionists kanye nabaseNyakatho yezwe.
I-generalization kufanele ilalele - ikakhulukazi ngakho-ke, ngoba ichaza iminyaka ngokushesha ngemuva kweMpi Yombango, emlandweni owenziwe phansi kakhulu otholakala ezincwadini zamathekisthi, kwakuyisikhathi soshintsho oluhle lapho abantu abamnyama bevotelwe futhi bekhethiwe , futhi okwakusandulela ukuhlaselwa kobandlululo nobuhlanga obukhulu. E-akhawunti kaTurgée, ubuhlanga obukulandela, okungenani eNingizimu, kakade lapho, kanye ne-lynchings, futhi ushintsho luzovela ngemfundo kuphela. I-Tourgée igxila ekulandiseni kwencwadi yakhe ukuchaza ukwehluleka kweNyakatho neSouth ukuba baqonde ngisho:
"ANTE BELLUM
"I-Northern Idea of Slavery.
"Ubugqila bubi ngokuziphatha, kwezombusazwe nakwezomnotho. Kubekezelela kuphela ngenxa yokuthula nokuthula. I-negro yindoda, futhi inamalungelo afanayo okulinganayo nomjaho omhlophe. "
"Umbono WaseNingizimu Obugqila.
"I-negro ifanele ubugqila kuphela. Iyalwelwa yiBhayibheli, futhi kufanele kulungile; noma, uma kungenjalo kahle, akunakwenzeka, manje ukuthi umncintiswano uphakathi kwethu. Asikwazi ukuhlala nabo kunoma yisiphi esinye isimo. "
"I-Northern Idea ye-Idea yaseNingizimu.
"Labo bantu baseNingizimu bayazi ukuthi ubugqila bubi, futhi abuhambisani nenkolelo kahulumeni wethu; kodwa kuyinto enhle kubo. Bayakhula futhi bacebile, futhi banesikhathi esihle, ngenxa yalo; futhi akekho ongasolwa ngokungafuni ukuyiyeka. "
"I-Idea yaseNingizimu yeNyakatho Yengqondo.
"Lezo zinguYankees zikhwele ngoba senza ubugqila inzuzo, sikhulise ukotini kanye nogwayi, futhi sifuna ukusisusa izigqila zethu emona. Abakholelwa izwi lalokho abakushoyo ngokungahambi kahle, ngaphandle kwabalandeli abambalwa. Bonke abanye bangabonisi. "
"I-POST BELLUM
"I-Northern Idea ye-Situation.
"Ama-negroes akhululekile manje, futhi kufanele abe nethuba elihle lokwenza okuthile. Okushiwo mayelana nokuphansi kwabo kungase kube yiqiniso. Akunakwenzeka ukuzithanda; kodwa, iqiniso noma amanga, banelungelo lokulingana ngaphambi komthetho. Yilokho okushiwo impi, futhi lokhu kufanele kuqinisekiswe kubo. Bonke abanye kufanele bathole ngangokunokwenzeka, noma bangaphandle, njengoba bekhetha. "
"I-Ideal Southern of the Situation.
"Silahlekelwe yizigqila zethu, isitokisi sethu sasebhange, yonke into, ngempi. Sishaywe, futhi sizinikezele ngobuqotho: ubugqila buyekile. Isigqila manje sesikhululekile, kodwa asimhlophe. Asinaso isifiso esibi ngokuqondene nendoda enemibala njengaleyo nendawo yayo; kodwa yena akayena olingana nathi, akakwazi ukulingana nathi, futhi ngeke sibhekiswe nguye, noma simvume njengelungelelaniso lobuhlanga obumhlophe. Asikho ukuphikisa ukuvotela kwakhe, uma nje evoti njengoba inkosi yakhe endala, noma umuntu omsebenzelayo, emeluleka; kodwa, uma ekhetha ukuvota ngokuhlukile, kumele athathe imiphumela. "
"I-Northern Idea ye-Idea yaseNingizimu.
"Manje ukuthi i-negro ngumvoti, abantu baseNingizimu kumele baphathe kahle, ngoba bayodinga ivoti lakhe. I-negro izohlala iqinisile kuhulumeni kanye neqembu elimnike inkululeko, futhi ukuze livikele ukulondolozwa kwalo. Abanele abamhlophe baseNingizimu bayahamba nabo, ngenxa yehhovisi kanye namandla, ukuze bakwazi ukugcina ukulawula okungapheli kwalezi zindawo isikhathi esingapheli. Ama-negroes azosebenza, futhi izinto zizozijwayeza kancane kancane. I-South ayinelungelo lokukhononda. Bayaba ne-negroes njengezigqila, bagcine izwe liqhubekile ngenxa yabo, belethe empini ngoba besingeke sibambe ukubalekela kwabo, babulala amadoda ayizigidi; futhi manje abakwazi ukukhononda uma isikhali esiziphethe ngaso siphendukekile, futhi senziwa izindlela zokulungisa izibi abazenza zona. Kungaba nzima; kodwa bazofunda ukwenza kangcono ngemuva kwalokho. "
"I-Idea yaseNingizimu yaseNyakatho Idea.
"I-negro yenziwe ivoti ukuze ihlaziye futhi ihlaziye abantu abamhlophe baseNingizimu. INyakatho ayikhathaleli lutho nge-negro njengendoda, kodwa imane imxosha ukuze ihlazise futhi isenzele amandla. Yiqiniso, akwenzi umehluko kubantu baseNyakatho noma ngabe uvoti noma cha. Kunabantu abambalwa ababala lapho, ukuthi akukho ukwesaba komunye wabo okhethwe ehhovisi, ukuya eSishayamthetho, noma ehlezi ebhentshini. Inhloso yonke yesilinganiso ukuhlambalaza nokuhlaziya. Kodwa ulinde kuze kube yilapho iMelika ibuyiselwa futhi "ama-Blue Coats" aphelile, futhi sizobabonisa iphutha labo. "
Manje, kungase kubonakale kubonakala kithi ukuthi lena ingxoxo phakathi kwabantu abamhlophe ngamadoda amnyama, njengokungathi abesifazane abakhona - kanye nalabo abasibo bonke abomhlophe abanjwe imibono efanayo. Kodwa iphuzu ukuthi akuyona ingxoxo nhlobo. Akekho ohlangothini ongazwa omunye. Ngamunye uthatha omunye ukuba aqambe amanga, ngoba empeleni ukukholelwa lokho okushiwo kungacabangi nje. A ithatha i-B ukuze ibuke umhlaba ngokuncane njengo-A, hhayi ukuphazamisa ukuzama ukubona umhlaba njengo-B othiwa.
U-Tourgée wayazi kahle ukuthi akusiwo wonke umqondo owaziyo, ukuthi abantu bangakhohlisa. Kodwa, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi izinkolelo zilungile yini noma cha, zingakwazi ukukholelwa ngempela. Wayesikisela ukuthi sithatha ngokungathí sina ukuthi abanye abantu bakholelwa yini. Lokhu kuyinto esingenza okungaphezulu kakhulu namhlanje. Uma othile ethi bakholelwa ukucwasa ubuhlanga e-United States ngokuyinhloko akhiqizwa izikhala zaseRashiya ezokuxhumana nabantu, kungenzeka noma azi lutho ngomlando wase-US, kungenzeka noma angaba umsekeli omkhulu ka-Hillary Clinton, kungenzeka noma angenakho wazi lutho ngomlando kaHillary Clinton; iphuzu ukuthi bangakholelwa ngempela lokho abakushoyo abakwenzayo. Okufanayo kuya kumuntu othi basatshiswa yi-ISIS ethatha uhulumeni wabo wasekhaya eKansas, kodwa uthi akukho ukwesaba noma ngisho nokukhathazeka ngezikhali zenuzi noma ukubhujiswa kwemvelo. Noma umuntu otshela ukuthi izigidigidi zihlangene nabantu abampofu ngokumelene nama-elites. Isixazululo sezinkolelo ezinjalo angeke sitholakale ngokuzixosha njengento engekho engokoqobo noma ekuchazeni ukuthi zizogqotshwa yizintando yeningi noma emakethe.
Ukucabanga ukuthi abanye bacabange lokho abakushoyo bacabanga ukuthi kungakhuthaza kakhulu inqubomgomo yase-US yangaphandle. Ngokwesibonelo:
I-Idea yase-US
Uma iNorth Korea igxeka ukwakha izikhali nokusongela, futhi sithobe intando yethu, khona-ke sizokwazi ukunikeza zonke izinzuzo zempucuko yethu, ukuqeda ukulamba nokuhlupheka okudalwe izindlela zabo zangemva, ezingenalwazi nangenkani .
I-North Korea Idea
Uma i-US ingayeka ukwakha izikhali nokusongela, futhi isiphathe ngendlela elinganayo, khona-ke singase siyeke ukwakha izikhali futhi sitshale izimfuno zabantu esikhundleni. Uma i-US ingagcina izigwegwe zayo ezimbi, ngeke sibe nendlala nokuhlupheka okushiwo yi-US futhi asilalele.
Umbono we-US we-North Korea Idea
Lokhu kuziqhenya kusekelwe ebuhlanya. Isizwe esincane esibucayi kufanele sihlangabezane nezindinganiso eziyisisekelo zazo zonke ezinye izizwe ngaphandle kwePolisi Yomhlaba Wonke, onomsebenzi wokubacindezela ukuba benze kanjalo. Izigebengu zisola njalo ukuhlukunyezwa emaphoyiseni, kodwa ziyazi kangcono futhi zivele zenzele icala ukuze zidukise abantu bazo.
I-North Korea Idea ye-Idea yase-US
Siye sayeka ukwakha izikhali nokusongela, noma nini lapho ama-United States enza okufanayo. Isizathu esingeke sikwazi ukwenza kanjalo ngokubambisana ukuthi i-United States ike yabhubhisa ngokuphelele isizwe sethu, siyifaka, siyibhomu, siyabulala izigidi. Asikwazi ukucelwa ukuthi siphethe futhi, kanti i-US ngeke isicele ukuthi singabe sengozini futhi uma ingafuni ukuyenza futhi.
Noma, kukhona lokhu:
I-Idea yase-US
I-Iran yenqaba ukusebenza nathi. I-Israel ne-Saudi Arabia bathi kufanele ibhotshwe. Ngokucacile ayikwazi ukubonisana nayo. I-lunatics yathatha abantu bethu ekuthunjweni embassy ngaphandle kwesizathu. Bakha izakhiwo zamandla enyukliya ngaphandle kwesizathu. Sizame konke okuncane kwempi ukunikeza abantu base-Iranian uhulumeni ongcono, futhi benqabe.
I-Iranian Idea
I-ambassy yase-United States idilize uhulumeni wethu ku-1953. Ubani owake wezwa ngokuba nombuthano ngaphandle kokugxila embassy yase-US? Asisona ukuzibulala - yingakho futhi asizange sisongela noma siqale noma yimiphi impi emakhulwini eminyaka. Kodwa i-US isithumelela izigwebo kanye nababulali kanye nama-sabotors, amanga nabahloli - nezinsongo ezivela emazweni angomakhelwane ama-US aseqile kakade. Siyavumelana nezivumelwano ezingenangqondo, bese-ke i-US iphuma kubo; singabantu baseMelika baseMelika? Yingakho baqhubeka bethembisa ukuthi bazosiqeda?
I-Idea yase-US ye-Iranian Idea
Kuthiwani nalokhu okungaqondakali okungaqondakali nomlando wasendulo ukuthi abantu abakubuyisa babonise? I-United States yanikeza u-Iran umholi onomusa futhi oqhubekayo. Indodana yakhe ilungile futhi ilinde. Abantu base-Iran abangeke bangabongi njengoba umbuso onobudlova ubusa phezu kwawo. Sizokwamukelwa njengabakhululi phakathi kwamahora lapho ekugcineni sithola isibindi sokubhomu.
I-Iranian Idea ye-Idea yase-US
Sakha amandla enyukliya amandla enuzi, okungenani siqinisekile ukuthi siyikho, okungenani okwamanje. Akuwona wonke umuntu umonakalo wobugebengu! I-United States isakaza ngamandla enyukliya ezindaweni ezifana ne-Saudi Arabia, njengoba nje isishicilele kithi eminyakeni engu-50 edlule. Mhlawumbe kufanele sixwayise i-Saudi Arabia ngekusasa.
