nguDavid Swanson, Julayi 18, 2017, Ake sizame ngentando yeningi.
Namuhla ngilalele i-audiobook ka Uzwela Oluhlanganisiwe: Enye Indlela Yokuziphatha Yobudlelwano Bethu Nezilwane ngu-Lori Gruen ngenkathi ufunda i-hardcopy ye Ukusuka ku-Bacteria kuya ku-Bach nangemuva: Ukuvela Kwezingqondo nguDaniel Dennett. Ngenxa yalokho ngiye ngakwazi kangcono ukuzwelana nokuthatheka kukaDennett ngobungqayizivele bokwazi komuntu, futhi ngikwazile kangcono ukumangala ngokunemba okuyinkimbinkimbi kwethiyori kaGruen. Kodwa angibonakali ngingcono kunangaphambili uma kuziwa ekwazini ukuncenga noma ukuhlanganisa abantu ukuthi bavimbele isintu ekucekeleni phansi le planethi noma ukulimaza izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zokuphila kuwo. Kulokho kanye nezinye izinzwa, zombili izincwadi zifundeka/ngilalele njengezingeniso zaphakade ezingalokothi zifinyelele ku-tofu yodaba.
Ekugcineni angigxili ekucabangeni ngokwazi komuntu. Uma sesitholile ukuthi amandla obuchopho bomuntu akusona isizathu sokwazisa noma isizathu sokululaza izilwane ezingezona ezomuntu, futhi senqaba imibono eyizimpumputhe ewubuwula njengengeyona eyenyama, into eyodwa esingaqiniseka ngayo— ijubane I-Descartes - ukuthi ukucabanga ngokucabanga kwethu kuwukuzitika. Yebo ukucabanga kwethu kuyingqayizivele ngokuthakazelisayo futhi kuhileleke ngokuthakazelisayo neqoqo lamasiko elinqwabelene lolwazi nemikhuba nolimi lomlomo — nakuba lokho kuhluka kungase kucekelwe phansi amakhompyutha. Kepha noma sizoyeka ukwenza iplanethi ingahlali muntu noma akunjalo, nokuthi ulwazi lwethu lwe-apocalypse luhluke kanjani kokuhlangenwe nakho kwezimfene ze-apocalypse kuzuza intshisekelo yami kunokuthi singayivimba yini i-apocalypse.
U-Dennett uyakuphikisa ukwandisa izimiso zokuziphatha ukuze kufakwe nalabo abahluphekayo, ngoba ethi asazi ukuthi ubani ohluphekayo. Kufanele - kufanele nje - uyaphikelela, sidwebe "umugqa wokuziphatha" endaweni ethile phakathi kwamagciwane nabantu. Kodwa asazi nje ukuthi sizoyidweba kuphi. Isiphetho esicacile siwukuthi kufanele senze lokho esingakwazi ukukwenza, okungabonakala kuwukwehluleka okukhulu kakhulu njengohlelo lokuziphatha.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukwehlisa kukaDennett ukwazi komuntu kubonakala kukubeka eduze kakhulu nempilo yezinye izidalwa okungenani - into engase yaziswa uGruen, ophakamisa izimiso zokuziphatha zozwela esikhundleni, noma ngaphezu kwalokho, izimiso zokulunga noma izimiso zokuziphatha zamalungelo. Ngokuqinisekile, uzwela luwumkhuba ozuzisa kakhulu ukucabanga komuntu njengoba sihlobene nabantu nezinye izinto eziphilayo—mhlawumbe ngisho nezinto ezingaphili. (Uma uGruen ekwazi ukuzwela izihlahla, kungani mina ngingenakukwazi ukulwela amadwala?) Futhi uGruen usikhomba ngokusiza esidingweni sokuhlanganyela ekuzweleni okucophelelayo nangenhlonipho okungafisi ngezinye izidalwa lokho ebesingakufuna ukube besiyikho. (Ukufisa ukuthi izimfene zingalwi cishe kuyingozi kumamfene.)
Kodwa engikufunayo izimiso zokuziphatha zokungoni yonke into. Uma ngihlonipha yonke ingxenye ye-ecosystem ngenxa yokuthobeka kanye nokuzicabangela okukhanyiselwe, okusekelwe eqinisweni elibhalwe kahle kakhulu lokuthi ukuzikhukhumeza ngezinto ngokuvamile kunemiphumela emibi kakhulu, ingabe kufanele ngikhathazeke ngempela ngesimo sengqondo samagundane noma ama-slugs noma izihlahla ze-oki noma abantu?
Angiphakamisi nje lokhu njengohlelo lokuziphatha lwezinqubomgomo ezibanzi zomphakathi ezihlulekayo ukusebenza ekusebenzisaneni kwabancane. Ngicabanga ukuthi kuyasiza nalapho. Kungani ungaphathi abanye abantu ngokuthobeka nangenhlonipho? Ngiye ngisole abantu abahlukahlukene ngokuntula amakhono athile okuqonda: labo abakwikhoma, izinsana, abalandeli beqembu elilodwa noma elinye lamaqembu amabili amakhulu ezombusazwe ase-U.S., njll. Eqinisweni, ngivame ukusola abantu abahlukahlukene ngokuthile okubi kakhulu kunokuntula amakhono engqondo; Ngiyabasola ukuthi banezinto ezimbi, amaqili okuhaha noma amandla noma injabulo enonya.
Angiqondile ukwenqaba ukubaluleka kokucabanga mayelana nozwela noma amalungelo noma ukusebenzisana nanoma yiluphi olunye uhlaka olubalulekile. Futhi iqiniso lokuthi akekho kubo osebenzayo akusho ukuthi omunye angasebenza. Ngicabanga nje ukuthi bonke bawele ngemuva kobuhlakani obuqukethwe kumyalelo olula wokuthi baqale bangalimazi. Ukuhlanganisa lokho nokuthobeka okufanele mayelana nokuthi yiziphi izenzo ezibeka engcupheni yokulimaza indawo eqondwa njengeplanethi futhi ngenxa yalokho equkethe wonke amandla engqondo ahlukahlukene esiwaziyo kubonakala kubaluleke kakhulu.
Impendulo eyodwa
Ungalimazi.