Ibhalwe ngu-Alex Edney-Browne, Lisa Ling, Los Angeles Times, July 16, 2017.
Abashayeli bezindiza be-Drone baye bashiya i-US Air Force amarekhodi erekhodi eminyakeni yamuva - ngokushesha kunalabo abasha abangakhethwa futhi baqeqeshwe. Bacaphuna inhlanganisela yezinga eliphansi kwezempi, ukusebenza ngokweqile kanye nokuhlukumezeka kwengqondo.
Kepha imemoir entsha esakazwe kabanzi mayelana nempi yaseMelika eyimfihlo yehluleka ukusho "ukukhuphuka kokuphuma," njengenye. Imemo ye-Air Force yangaphakathi uyibiza. "I-Drone Warrior: I-akhawunti Yangaphakathi Yesosha Elite Yokuzingela Izitha Eziyingozi Kakhulu ZaseMelika" ilandisa cishe iminyaka engu-10 uBrett Velicovich, owayeyilungu lemisebenzi ekhethekile, ayichitha esebenzisa ama-drones ukusiza amabutho akhethekile ukuthola nokulandelela amaphekula. Kalula, iphinda ithengise kanzima ohlelweni lapho i-Air Force idonsa kanzima ukugcina igcwele.
U-Velicovich wabhala le memoir - mayelana nesikhathi sakhe "ezingela futhi ebuka ezindaweni ezingcolile zaseMpumalanga Ephakathi" - ukukhombisa ukuthi ama-drones "asindisa kanjani izimpilo futhi anike abantu amandla, ngokuphambene nokulandisa okuningi okuqhubekayo okubabeka kabi." Esikhundleni salokho, le ncwadi, okungcono kakhulu, iyinganekwane ye-hyper-masculine bravado futhi, okubi kakhulu, isiqephu senkulumo-ze yezempi eyenzelwe ukudambisa ukungabaza ngohlelo lwe-drone nokwandisa ukuqashwa.
U-Velicovich kanye no-co-author wencwadi, uChristopher S. Stewart, intatheli ye-Wall Street Journal, baqinisa inganekwane yokuthi ama-drones ayimishini yokwazi konke nokunemba. U-Velicovich wenza ihaba ngokunemba kobuchwepheshe, angakunaki ukusho ukuthi kwehluleka kaningi kangakanani noma lokho. ukwehluleka okunjalo zibulale isibalo esingaziwa sezakhamuzi. Ngokwesibonelo, i-CIA yabulala izingane ezingama-76 nabantu abadala abangama-29 emizameni yayo yokukhipha u-Ayman al Zawahiri, umholi we I-Al Qaeda, okubikwa ukuthi usaphila.
Kodwa nokho, "Angingabazi ukuthi singathola noma ubani emhlabeni," kubhala uVelicovich, "kungakhathaliseki ukuthi zifihliwe kangakanani." Umuntu angase abuze uVelicovich ukuthi achaze ukufa kuka UWarren Weinstein, isakhamuzi saseMelika, futhi UGiovanni Lo Porto, isakhamuzi sase-Italy - bobabili abasebenzi bosizo ababulawa isiteleka sezindiza zaseMelika ezaziqondise amalungu e-Al Qaeda ePakistan.
"Besikholelwa ukuthi lena bekuyisizinda se-Al Qaeda," uMongameli u-Obama umemezele ezinyangeni ezintathu ngemuva kwesiteleka, "ukuthi azikho izakhamuzi ezikhona." Ngempela, i-Air Force yayivaliwe amakhulu amahora wokugadwa kwe-drone kwesakhiwo. Lalisebenzise amakhamera athwebula izithombe ezishisayo, okufanele abonise ukuthi umuntu ukhona ngokushisa komzimba wakhe lapho umugqa wokubuka uvalekile. Noma kunjalo, ukubhekwa ngandlela thize kuhlulekile ukubona izidumbu ezimbili ezengeziwe - u-Weinstein noLa Porto - ababethunjwe egumbini elingaphansi.
Mhlawumbe izisebenzi zosizo azizange zibonwe ngoba, ngokombiko ozayo mayelana nokulinganiselwa kobuchwepheshe be-drone obubhalwe ngokubambisana Pratap Chatterjee, umqondisi omkhulu weqembu labaqaphi i-CorpWatch, kanye noChristian Stork, amakhamera athwebula izithombe ezishisayo “awakwazi ukubona ezihlahleni futhi ingubo ebekwe kahle ekhipha ukushisa komzimba nayo ingabalahla,” futhi “ayiboni ezindlini ezingaphansi noma ezingaphansi komhlaba. .”
Okucashile nakakhulu imizamo ye-memoir yokuhlanganisa ukuhlushwa kwengqondo yabaqhubi be-drone nabahlaziyi bezobunhloli futhi bayiguqule ibe indaba yobuqhawe kanye ne-stoicism. "Ngilwe ukuze ngivule amehlo," kubhala uVelicovich ngokusebenza ngesikhathi sokulala. “Ihora ngalinye elimoshayo kwakungelinye ihora isitha okufanele silihlele, elinye ihora kwakufanele sibulale.”
Qhathanisa lokho kuboniswa neqiniso njengoba kuchazwe u-Col. Jason Brown, umkhuzi we-480th Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance Wing. "Amazinga ethu okuzibulala kanye nemibono yokuzibulala ayephezulu kakhulu kunesilinganiso se-Air Force," UBrown utshele iWashington Post ekuqaleni kwale nyanga, echaza ukuthi kungani odokotela bengqondo besikhathi esigcwele kanye nabeluleki bezempilo yengqondo bethulwe ohlelweni lwe-drone. "Zaziphakeme kakhulu kunalezo ezazithunyelwe." Amazinga okuzibulala ehlile ngenxa yamaqembu ezempilo yengqondo, kusho uBrown. Umsebenzi ngokwawo awukashintshi.
Amalungelo efilimu ethi "Drone Warrior" zathengwa ngaphezu konyaka odlule, nge-fanfare, yi-Paramount Pictures. (Isitudiyo siphinde sakhetha amalungelo empilo endabeni kaVelicovich.) Esigabeni sokuvuma sesikhumbuzo, uVelicovich uveza ukuthi ifilimu ezayo izoqondiswa futhi ikhiqizwe ngu. Michael Bay, umenzi wefilimu ngemuva kwe-“Transformers,” “Pearl Harbor” kanye “ne-Armageddon.”
Lokhu kuthuthukiswa kuyabikezelwa. I Amasosha ase-US kanye neHollywood kudala bejabulela ubudlelwane be-symbiotic. Abenzi bamafilimu bavame ukufinyelela ezindaweni, abasebenzi, ulwazi kanye nezinto zokusebenza eziboleka imikhiqizo yabo “ubuqiniso.” Ngokuphindaphindiwe, amasosha ngokuvamile athola isilinganiso esithile sokulawula indlela evezwa ngayo.
Izikhulu ze-Pentagon kanye nabasebenzi be-CIA bayaziwa ukuthi baye beluleka futhi babelana ngamadokhumenti ahlukanisiwe nabenzi befilimu ngemuva kwe-"Zero Dark Thirty," ifilimu eqokwe u-Oscar ihlehlisiwe kabi Uhlelo lwe-CIA lokuhlukumeza nokuhumusha oluyimpikiswano njengoba lube nesandla ekutholeni u-Osama bin Laden. I-CIA nayo ibikhona kuxhunyiwe ekukhiqizweni kwe-“Argo,” umdwebo kaBen Affleck owawina i-Oscar wokuthi le nhlangano yabakhulula kanjani abathunjwa baseMelika e-Iran.
Kepha kunokuthile okungafanelekile ikakhulukazi ngentshiseko yaseHollywood yokuletha inguqulo kaVelicovich yempi ye-drone esikrinini esikhulu. Ku-"Drone Warrior," amasosha aseMelika angase abe nenkundla enamandla yokuveza uhlelo lwawo njengolusebenzayo kanye nabaqhubi balo njengamaqhawe - esikhundleni sokusebenza ngokweqile nokucindezeleka. Kufanele sizibuze ukuthi ngabe uVelicovich wacelwa amasosha ase-US ukuba abhale umlando wakhe. Ngokuqinisekile kungasiza enkingeni yabo yokuphelelwa amandla.
U-Alex Edney-Browne (@alexEdneybrown) ungumfundi we-PhD eNyuvesi yaseMelbourne, lapho ecwaninga ngemiphumela yengqondo nezenhlalo yempi ye-drone kubantu base-Afghan kanye nomakadebona bohlelo lwe-drone ye-U.S. Air Force. Lisa Ling (@ARetVet) wakhonza ebuthweni lezempi lase-US njengosayitsheni wezobuchwepheshe ezinhlelweni zokubhekwa kwe-drone ngaphambi kokushiya ngokukhishwa okuhloniphekile ku-2012. Uvela ku-documentary ye-2016 nge-drone warfare, "I-National Bird."
