Naphezu kwe-COVID-19, Amasosha aseMelika Aqhubeka Nomkhuba Wempi eYurophu nasePacific Futhi Amacebo Okuningi Ngo-2021

Ngu-Ann Wright, Meyi 23, 2020

Ngesikhathi esiwumshayabhuqe we-COVID 19, hhayi kuphela ukuthi amasosha ase-US azoba namasu amakhulu ezempi emhlabeni, neRim of the Pacific (RIMPAC) eza emanzini isuka eHawaii Agasti 17-31, 2020 iletha izizwe ezingama-26, amasosha angama-25,000, Kufika imikhumbi engama-50 nemikhumbi-ngwenya namakhulu ezindiza phakathi kwesifo se-COVID 19 emhlabeni wonke, kepha i-US Army inemidlalo yomdlalo wabantu abayizi-6,000 ngoJuni 2020 ePoland. UMbuso waseHawaii unezinyathelo ezinzima kakhulu zokulwa nokusabalala kwegciwane le-COVID19, ngokugunyazwa kwezinsuku eziyi-14 ukubahlukaniswa kwabo bonke abantu abafika eHawaii — abahlali ababuyayo kanye nezivakashi. Lokhu ukuvalelwa yedwa kuyadingeka kuze kuba okungenani uJune 30, 2020.

Ukube bekungeyona imisebenzi eminingi yamasosha ngesikhathi sobhadane lapho abasebenzi bemikhumbi ye-40 US Navy behle ne-COVID 19 etheleleka kakhulu futhi abezempi nemindeni yabo batshelwe ukuthi bangahambi, izinhlelo ziyaqhubeka zamasosha ase-US ubungako bokuzivocavoca esifundeni sase-Indo-Pacific  esikhathini esingaphansi konyaka-ngo-2021. Eyaziwa ngokuthi Umvikeli we-2021, Umbutho Wezempi wase-US ucele ama- $ 364 ezigidi ukwenza izivivinyo zempi kuwo wonke amazwe ase-Asia nasePacific.

I-pivot to the Pacific, eyaqala ngaphansi kokuphathwa kuka-Obama, futhi manje ngaphansi kokuphatha kukaTrump, ibonakala ku Isu Lokuvikela Izwe lase-US (NDS) ebheka umhlaba “njengomncintiswano wamandla omkhulu kunokuba ubhekane nobumbano futhi wakhe isu lokulwa neChina njengempikiswano yesikhathi eside.”

Kule nyanga, ngoMeyi 2020, uMbutho Wezasolwandle waseMelika usekela inqubomgomo yePentagon “ekhululekile nevulekile ye-Indo-Pacific” okuhloswe ngayo ukulwa nokubhebhetheka kweChina eSouth China Sea nanjengombukiso wamandla wokulwa nemibono yokuthi amandla oMbutho Wezempi wase-US amabutho ancishiswe yi-COVID-19, uthumele okungenani amabutho angaphansi ayisikhombisa, kufaka phakathi yonke imikhumbi-ngwenya emine ehlasele eseGuam, imikhumbi eminingana eseHawaii kanye ne-USS Alexandria eseSan Diego eya eWestern Pacific lapho iPacific Fleet Submarine Force yamemezela esidlangalaleni ukuthi yonke imali yayo eyayithunyelwe phambili yayiqhuba kanyekanye ukusebenza. ”

Isakhiwo samasosha aseMelika ePacific sizoguqulwa ukuhlangabezana nosongo olubonakalayo lweNational Defense Strategy oluvela eChina, kuqala nge-US Marine Corps edala amabutho amasha okuhamba ngezinyawo azoba mancane ukuxhasa impi yezokulwa yasolwandle futhi eyenzelwe ukuxhasa umqondo wokulwa owaziwa ngokuthi I-Expeditionary Advanced Base Operations. Amasosha ase-US Marine azokwabiwa amandla futhi asatshalaliswe ngaphesheya kwePacific eziqhingini noma ezikhungweni zezikebhe ezintantayo. Njengoba iMarine Corps isusa imishini yayo eminingi yendabuko kanye namayunithi, abakwaMarines bahlela ukutshala imali emililweni eqondile yobude obude, ekuqondeni nasezinhlelweni ezingagunyaziwe, iphinda kabili isibalo sabagadli abangahlelwanga. Kuya yenza lolu shintsho kwecebo, amabutho ezempi asolwandle azokwehlela ku-21 kusuka ku-24, amabhethri ezikhali azoya ezinhlanu asuke ku-2, izinkampani zezimoto eziphila ngokungenampilo zizoncishiswa zisuke kweziyisithupha ezine kuthi i-F-35B ne-F-35C Lightning II abashayeli bezindiza babe nezindiza ezimbalwa iyunithi ngayinye, kusuka ezindizeni eziyi-16 kwehle kuye kweziyi-10. UMarine Corps uzosusa amabutho akhe okugcinwa komthetho, amayunithi akha amabhuloho futhi anciphise abasebenzi bezinsizakalo ngabangu-12,000 eminyakeni eyishumi.

Iyunithi esekwe eHawaii ebizwa ngokuthi i Imikhosi yezempi yasolwandle   kulindeleke ukuthi kube ne-1,800 kuya ku-2,000 XNUMX yamaMarine aqoshwe ikakhulukazi enye yamabutho amathathu okuhamba ngezinyawo ezinze eKaneohe Marine Base. Iningi lezinkampani kanye namabhethri wokudubula azokwakha ibutho lamabhilidi alwa nomoya azovela kumayunithi okwamanje angekho eHawaii.

The I-III Marine Expeditionary Force, esizinze e-Okinawa, eJapan, okuyindawo enkulu yasolwandle esifundeni sePacific, izoshintshwa ibe nezinhlobo ezintathu zasolwandle eziqeqeshwayo futhi zihlomele ukusebenza ezindaweni zasolwandle ezincintisanayo. Lesi sifunda sizophinda sibe nezindawo ezintathu eziphephile zasemanzini ezihamba emhlabeni jikelele. Lezi ezinye izingxenye ezimbili zamasosha asolwandle azosiza i-III MEF.

Imidlalo yempi yamasosha aseMelika eYurophu, iDefender Europe 2020 isivele iqhubeka ngamasosha nemishini ifika emachwebeni aseYurophu futhi izobiza cishe amaRandi ayizigidi ezingama-340, okucishe kufane nalokho okucelwa yi-US Army ku-FY21 yenguqulo yePacific ye-Defender uchungechunge lokuhamba kwempi. I-Defender 2020 izoba sePoland ngoJuni 5-19 futhi izobanjelwa eDaresko Pomorskie Training Area enyakatho-ntshonalanga yePoland ngomsebenzi wokuhamba ngendiza wasePoland nokuwela umfula osayizi we-US-Polish.

Ngaphezu kwe Amasosha angama-6,000 ase-US nasePoland uzobamba iqhaza kulo msebenzi, obizwa nge-Allied Spirit. Ekuqaleni yayihlelelwe uMeyi, futhi ixhunyaniswe ne-Defender-Europe 2020, ukuzivocavoca okukhulu kwezempi eYurophu emashumini eminyaka. I-Defender-Europe yakhanselwa kakhulu ngenxa yalolu bhubhane.

I-US Army Europe ihlela izivivinyo ezingeziwe ezinyangeni ezizayo ezigxile ezinhlosweni zokuqeqeshwa ezichazwe okokuqala kwi-Defender-Europe, kufaka phakathi ukusebenza nemishini evela emasheya angaphambi kokubekwa eYurophu nokwenza imisebenzi yezindiza esifundeni saseBalkan naseBlack Sea.

Ku-FY20, Amasosha azophatha uhlobo oluncane lweDefender Pacific ngenkathi I-Defender Europe izothola ukutshalwa kwemali okuningi futhi kugxile. Kepha ukunakwa namadola kuzoguqukela ePacific ku-FY21.  I-Defender Europe izobuyela emuva ku-FY21. Ibutho lezempi licela nje amaRandi ayizigidi ezingama-150 ukwenza lo msebenzi eYurophu, ngokusho kweMikhosi Yezempi.

EPacific, amabutho ase-US anamasosha angama-85,000 ahlala unomphela esifundeni sase-Indo-Pacific futhi andisa uchungechunge lwayo olude lokuzivocavoca olubizwa ngokuthi  I-Pacific Pathways ngokwelula isikhathi samayunithi amaButho asemazweni ase-Asia nasePacific, kufaka phakathi nasePhilippines, Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia naseBrunei. Indlunkulu yesigaba namabrigad amaningi abe ne- Isimo seSouth China Sea lapho ezobe ezungeze uLwandle lwaseNingizimu China kanye nolwandle lwase-East China phakathi nenkathi yezinsuku ezingama-30 kuya kwengama-45.

Ku-2019, ngaphansi kokuzivocavoca kwePacific Pathways, amayunithi Wezempi zase-US ayeseThailand izinyanga ezintathu nezinyanga ezine ePhilippines. Umbutho Wezempi wase-US uxoxa nohulumeni waseNdiya ngokwandisa ukuzivocavoca kwezempi kusuka cishe kubasebenzi abangamakhulu ambalwa kuze kufike kwabangu-2,500 XNUMX isikhathi esiyizinyanga eziyisithupha - okuyinto "Kusinika isikhathi esifundeni futhi singabi khona unomphela," ngokusho kwe-US Army of the Pacific commanding general. Ukuhlukana nokuzivocavoca okukhulu, amayunithi amancane e-US Army azothumela emazweni afana nePalau neFiji ukuze abambe iqhaza ekuzivocavoca noma eminye imicimbi yokuqeqesha.

NgoMeyi, 2020, the Uhulumeni wase-Australia umemezele Ukuthi ukubambezeleka kwezinyanga eziyisithupha kokulibaziseka kwama-2500 US Marines uye esikhungweni samasosha enyakatho yedolobha lase-Australia iDarwin kuzoqhubeka ngokulandela ukunamathela ngokuqinile ezinyathelweni zeCovid-19 kubandakanya nokuhlukaniswa kwezinsuku eziyi-14. AmaMarines bekuhlelelwe ukuthi afike ngo-Ephreli kodwa ukufika kwawo kuhlehlisiwe ngoMashi ngenxa ye-COVID 19. Indawo eyiNyakatho eyiNyakatho, ebikade iqophe amacala angama-30 kuphela e-Covid-19, yavala imingcele yayo yabavakashi bamazwe angaphandle nabangaphandle ngoMashi, nanoma ikuphi ukufika kufanele manje ibhekane nokuvalelwa okuyimpoqo izinsuku eziyishumi nane. Ukuthunyelwa kolwandle lwaseMelika e-Australia kwaqala ngo-14 ngabasebenzi abangama-2012 futhi sebekhule baba ngu-250 2,500.

Indawo Yezokuvikela yase-US I-Pine Gap, uMnyango Wezokuvikela kanye ne-CIA yokuqapha indawo ekhomba izindiza ezindizeni emhlabeni wonke futhi ihlose izikhali zenuzi, phakathi kweminye imisebenzi yamasosha nobuhlakani, nayo kuguqulwa inqubomgomo nenqubo yayo ukulandela imikhawulo kahulumeni wase-Australia COVID.

Njengoba amasosha aseMelika andisa ubukhona bawo e-Asia nasePacific, indawo eyodwa engeke ibuyele kuyo yiWuhan, China. Ngo-Okthoba, 2019, iPentagon yathumela amaqembu ayi-17 anabasubathi abangaphezu kwama-280 nabanye abasebenzi ku Imidlalo Yezwe Yomkhosi eWuhan, eChina. Izizwe ezingaphezu kwe-100 zathumela inani lezizumbulu zamasosha angama-10,000 eWuhan ngo-Okthoba, ngo-2019. Ukuba khona kwesibalo esikhulu samasosha ase-US eWuhan ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokugqashuka kwe-COVID19 eWuhan ngoDisemba ka-2019, ivuse inkolelo-mbono yizikhulu ezithile zaseChina ukuthi amasosha aseMelika abambe iqhaza ngandlela thile kulokhu kuqubuka manje osekusetshenziswe ngabaphathi bakaTrump nababambisene nabo kuCongress kanye nabezindaba ukuthi amaChina asebenzisa ngamabomu leli igciwane ukuthelela umhlaba futhi wanezela isizathu sokwakhiwa kwamasosha ase-US esifundeni sasePacific.

U-Ann Wright usebenze iminyaka engama-29 e-US Army / Army Reserves futhi wathatha umhlalaphansi njengoColonel. Wayengusomaqondana wase-US iminyaka eyi-16 futhi wasebenza kumanxusa ase-US eNicaragua, Grenada, Somalia, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Sierra Leone, Micronesia, Afghanistan naseMongolia. Ushiye phansi uhulumeni wase-US ngoMashi 2003 ephikisana nempi yase-US e-Iraq. Uyilungu le- World BEYOND War, Ama-Veterans for Peace, Hawaii Peace and Justice, CODEPINK: Abesifazane Bokuthula kanye nomfelandawonye weGaza Freedom Flotilla.