(Lesi yisigaba 21 se- World Beyond War iphepha elimhlophe I-Global Security System: I-Alternative to War. Qhubeka esandulele | okulandelayo ingxenye.)
I-Gene Sharp uye umlando odibeneyo ukuthola nokurekhoda amakhulu ezinyathelo ezisetshenziswe ngempumelelo ukuvimbela ukucindezelwa. Ukuvikela okusekelwe emphakathini (i-CBD)
kubonisa ukuvikelwa ngabomphakathi (njengokuhluke kwabasebenzi basezempi) besebenzisa izindlela ezingezona zomphakathi zomzabalazo (njengokungafani nezindlela zamasosha nezindlela zokulawulwa kwempi). Lena inqubomgomo ehlose ukuvimbela nokunciphisa ukuhlasela kwamasosha angaphandle, imisebenzi, nokusetshenziselwa kwangaphakathi. "i-note3 Lokhu kuziphendulela "kuhloswe ukuba kuqhutshwe umphakathi kanye nezikhungo zayo ngokusungula, ukuhlela nokuqeqeshwa kwangaphambili."
Kuyinto "inqubomgomo [lapho] wonke umphakathi kanye nezikhungo zomphakathi ziba yimpi. Isikhali sabo sinezinhlobonhlobo ezihlukahlukene zokuphikiswa kwengqondo, ezomnotho, ezenhlalakahle, ezombusazwe kanye nezombusazwe kanye nokuhlasela okuphikisayo. Le nqubomgomo ihlose ukuvimbela ukuhlaselwa nokuvikela ngokumelene nabo ngamalungiselelo okwenza umphakathi ungabonakali yiziqhwaga nezihlukumezi. Abantu abaqeqeshwe kanye nezikhungo zomphakathi bazobe bekulungele ukuphika abahlaseli izinhloso zabo nokuhlanganisa ukulawulwa kwezombusazwe okungenakwenzeka. Lezi zinjongo zizofezwa ngokusebenzisa ukungasebenzi okukhulu nokukhetha nokungahloniphi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma kunokwenzeka, izwe elivikelayo lizohlose ukudala izinkinga eziphezulu zomhlaba abahlaseli kanye nokuguqula ukuthembeka kwamabutho abo kanye nabasebenzi.
Gene Sharp (Umbhali, uMsunguli we-Albert Einstein Institution)
Inselele ebhekene nayo yonke imiphakathi kusukela ekuqalisweni kwempi, okungukuthi, ukuhambisa noma ukuba umfanekiso wesibuko womhlukumezi ohlaselayo, ixazululwa ukuzivikela okusekelwe emphakathini. Ukuba njengomfana noma ngaphezulu kwempi kunomuntu ohlukumezayo kwakusekelwe ekuqinisweni ukuthi ukumvimba kudinga ukuphoqeleka. Ukuzivikela okusekelwe emphakathini kubonisa amandla amakhulu aqinekayo angadingi isenzo sempi.
Ekuvikeleni okusekelwe emphakathini, konke ukubambisana kuhoxiswa amandla okuhlasela. Akukho okusebenzayo. Izibani azifiki, noma ukushisa, imfucuza ayitholakali, uhlelo lokuhamba alusebenzi, izinkantolo ziyeke ukusebenza, abantu abalaleli imiyalo. Yilokho okwenzeka ku- "Kapp Putsch" eBerlin ngo-1920 lapho owayengumshayeli wobandlululo kanye nebutho lakhe langasese bezama ukuthatha. Uhulumeni wangaphambilini wabaleka, kodwa izakhamuzi zaseBerlin zalawula kangangokuthi, ngisho nangamandla amakhulu ezempi, ukuthatha inzuzo kwawa ngamasonto. Wonke amandla aveli emgqonyeni wesibhamu.
Kwezinye izimo, ukuhlaselwa ngokumelene nempahla kahulumeni kungabonakala kulungile. Lapho iFrance yaseFrance ihlala eJalimane ngemva kweMpi Yezwe I, abasebenzi baseJalimane bavimbela izinjini futhi baqeda amathrekhi ukuze bavimbele amaFrance ukuba ahambe amabutho azungeze ukuze abhekane nemibono emikhulu. Uma isosha laseFrance lingena tram, umshayeli wenqaba ukuthutha.
Okubili okusemqoka okusekela ukuvikela okusekelwe emphakathini; okokuqala, ukuthi wonke amandla avela ngaphansi-wonke uhulumeni ngokuvuma kwemibuso futhi leyo mvume ingakwazi ukuhoxiswa ngaso sonke isikhathi, okwenza ukuwa kwe-elite ebusayo. Okwesibili, uma isizwe sibonakala singenakunqotshwa, ngenxa yombutho wokuzivikela osuselwa emphakathini, asikho isizathu sokuzama ukuwunqoba. Isizwe esivikelwe ngamandla empi singanqotshwa empini ngamandla amakhulu empi. Kunezibonelo eziningi ezingekho. Kukhona izibonelo zabantu ezikhuphuka futhi benqobe uhulumeni onobudlova obushushisayo ngokusebenzisa umzabalazo ongapheli, kusukela ekukhululweni komandla ohlala eNdiya abantu bakaGandhi amandla okunyakaza, nokuqhubeka nokuqothulwa kohulumeni waseMarcos ePhilippines, ubukhosi obushiqela abaseSoviet Eastern Europe, kanye ne-Arab Spring, ukubiza kuphela izibonelo ezimbalwa eziphawulekayo.
Ekuvikeleni okusekelwe emphakathini bonke abadala abakwaziyo baqeqeshwa ngezindlela zokumelana.i-note4 I-Reserve Reserve Corps yezigidi ihlelwe, yenza isizwe sibe namandla kakhulu ekuzimele kwayo ukuthi akekho ozocabanga ngokuzama ukuwunqoba. Uhlelo lwe-CBD lukwaziswa ngokubanzi futhi olucacile kubaphikisi. Uhlelo lwe-CBD lwalubiza imali engxenyeni yemali manje esetshenziselwa ukuxhasa uhlelo lokuvikela amasosha. I-CBD inganikeza ukuzivikela okuphumelelayo ngaphakathi kwe-War System, kuyilapho kuyisici esibalulekile senqubo yokuthula enamandla.
(Qhubeka kuya esandulele | okulandelayo ingxenye.)
Sifuna ukuzwa kusuka kuwe! (Sicela wabelane ngamazwana ngezansi)
Lokhu kwaholela kanjani wena ukucabanga ngokuhlukile ngezindlela zokulwa nempi?
Yini ongayengeza, noma ushintshe, noma umbuzo ngalokhu?
Yini ongayenza ukusiza abantu abaningi ukuba baqonde ngalezi zindlela zokulwa empini?
Ungathatha kanjani isinyathelo ukuze wenze lokhu okunye empini kube ngokoqobo?
Sicela wabelane ngale ndaba kabanzi!
Okuthunyelwe okuhlobene
Bona ezinye izikhala ezihlobene “Ukuphepha Okusebenzisa Amandla”
Bona ithebula eligcwele lokuqukethwe I-Global Security System: I-Alternative to War
amanothi:
I-3. Cihla, i-Gene. I-1990. Ukuzivikela okusekelwe emphakathini: Isistimu Yezikhali Zezempi. Xhumanisa kubhuku lonke: http://www.aeinstein.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/09/Civilian-Based-Defense-English.pdf. (buyela kusihloko esikhulu)
I-4. Bheka i-Gene Sharp, i-Politics ye-Nonviolent Action, nokwenza iYurophu inganqotshwa, nokuzivikela okusekelwe emphakathini phakathi kweminye imisebenzi. Enye incwajana ethi From Dictatorship to Democracy yahunyushwa ngesi-Arabhu ngaphambi kwe-Arab Spring. (buyela kusihloko esikhulu)
