Abaqashi bezempi baseMelika bafundisa emakilasini ezikole zomphakathi, benza izethulo esikoleni izinsuku zomsebenzi, ukuxhumanisa namayunithi e-JROTC ezikoleni eziphakeme nasezikoleni ezimaphakathi, ngokuzithandela njengabaqeqeshi bezemidlalo nabafundisi kanye nabangane besidlo sasemini ezikoleni eziphakeme, eziphakathi, nezamabanga aphansi, babonisa ama-humvees ane-stereo engu-$ 9,000, beletha abafundi bebanga lesihlanu ezisekelweni zempi zesayensi yezandla. imfundo, kanye nokuphishekela lokho abakubiza ngokuthi “ukungena ezimakethe okuphelele” kanye “nobunikazi besikole.”
Kodwa counter-recruiters kulo lonke elase-United States benza izethulo zabo ezikoleni, basakaza eyabo imininingwane, baqopha iziteshi zokuqasha, futhi basebenza ngezinkantolo nezishayamthetho ukunciphisa ukufinyelela kwezempi kubafundi nokuvimbela ukuhlolwa kwezempi noma ukwabelana ngemiphumela yokuhlolwa namasosha ngaphandle kwabafundi. 'imvume. Lo mshikashika wezinhliziyo nezingqondo ube nempumelelo enkulu futhi ungasabalala uma abaningi belandela isibonelo sabaqaphi.
Incwadi entsha kaScott Harding noSeth Kershner ebizwa I-Counter-Recruitment kanye Nomkhankaso Wokuqeda Izikole Zomphakathi ihlola ukunyakaza kwamanje okuphikisayo, umlando wayo, kanye nekusasa layo elingase libe khona. Kufakwe uhla olubanzi lwamaqhinga. Eziningi zihilela ukukhulumisana komuntu ngamunye nabantu abangase babuthwe.
“Uyazithanda iziqhumane?” umakadebona wempi yakamuva e-Iraq angase abuze umfundi endaweni yokudlela yasesikoleni esiphakeme. “Yebo!” Hhayi-ke, kuphendula Hart Viges, “ngeke ubuye lapho ubuya empini.”
“Ngakhuluma nale ngane eyodwa,” kukhumbula umakadebona wempi yaseVietnam uJohn Henry, “futhi ngathi, ‘Ukhona yini emkhayeni wakini oke waba sesosha? Wathi, 'Umkhulu wami.'
“Futhi sakhuluma ngaye, ngokuthi wayemfushane kanjani futhi eyigundane likamhubhe eVietnam, ngathi, 'O, ikutshelani ngempi?'
“'Ukuthi usenamaphupho amabi.'
“Ngase ngithi, 'Futhi niya kuliphi igatsha lenkonzo?'
“'Amasosha.'
“'Uzokhetha liphi ikhono?'
“'O, ngizovele ngihambe.'
“Uyazi ... umkhulu wakho ukutshela ukuthi usenamaphupho amabi futhi lokho kwenzeka eminyakeni engama-40 edlule. Ube namaphupho amabi iminyaka engu-40. Ingabe ufuna ukuba namaphupho amabi iminyaka engu-40?”
Izingqondo zishintshile. Izimpilo zabantu abasha ziyasindiswa - lezo zezingane ezingabhalisi, noma ezihlehlayo ngaphambi kokuthi kuphuze kakhulu, futhi mhlawumbe nezimpilo ebezingaba negalelo ekuziqedeni ukube bezingenele “inkonzo.”
Lolu hlobo lomsebenzi oluphikisayo lokuqasha lungaba nenzuzo esheshayo. Kusho uBarbara Harris, ophinde wahlela imibhikisho e-NBC eyeseka lesi sicelo futhi ngathola uhlelo olusekela impi emoyeni, “Impendulo engiyithola [kubazali] ithinta inhliziyo ngendlela emangalisayo ngoba [uma] ngikhuluma nomzali futhi ngibona ukuthi ngibasize ngandlela thize, ngizizwa ngivuzwe kakhulu. .”
Omunye umsebenzi ophikisayo wokuqasha ungathatha isikhathi eside futhi ungabi ngumuntu kodwa ube nomthelela kwinani elikhulu lezimpilo. Abanye amaphesenti angu-10 kuya ku-15% abaqashiwe bafika empini ngokusebenzisa izivivinyo ze-ASVAB, ezilawulwa ezifundeni ezithile zesikole, ngezinye izikhathi ezidingekayo, ngezinye izikhathi ngaphandle kokwazisa abafundi noma abazali ukuthi bangamasosha, ngezinye izikhathi nemiphumela egcwele eya empini. ngaphandle kwemvume yabafundi noma yabazali. Inani lezifundazwe nezifunda zezikole ezisebenzisa futhi lixhaphaza i-ASVAB liyancipha ngenxa yomsebenzi wabaqaphi abaphikisayo ekuphasiseni umthetho nokushintsha inqubomgomo.
Isiko lase-US ligcwele impi, nokho, kangangokuthi uma bengekho abaqashi noma abaqashayo abanezisusa ezinhle nabeluleki bemikhombandlela bazothuthukisa ezempi kubafundi. Ezinye izikole zibhalisa ngokuzenzakalelayo bonke abafundi ku-JROTC. Abanye abeluleki bezeluleko bakhuthaza abafundi ukuthi bafake i-JROTC esikhundleni sekilasi lokuzivocavoca. Ngisho nothisha basenkulisa bazomema amalungu ezempi agqoke umfaniswano noma ukugqugquzela amasosha bengatshelwanga ezabelweni zabo zesikole. Othisha bezomlando bazokhombisa izithombe zePearl Harbour ngoSuku lwePearl Harbour futhi bakhulume ngendlela ekhazimulayo yezempi ngaphandle kwesidingo sokuxhumana okuqondile namahhovisi okuqasha. Ngikhunjuzwa okushiwo yi-Starbucks lapho ibuzwa ukuthi kungani inesitolo sekhofi ekamu lokuhlushwa / lokufa e-Guantanamo. AbakwaStarbucks bathi ukukhetha ukungakwenzi kuzofana nokwenza isitatimende sezepolitiki. Ukukhetha ukwenza kanjalo kwakuwukuziphatha okujwayelekile nje.
Ingxenye yalokho okugcina ubukhona bezempi ezikoleni isabelomali sezigidigidi zamadola abaqashi bezempi kanye namanye amandla angalungile okusebenza. Isibonelo, uma uhlelo lwe-JROTC lusongelwa, abafundisi bangakwazi Oda abafundi (noma izingane ezaziwa ngaphambili njengabafundi) ukuze zivele futhi zifakaze emhlanganweni webhodi lesikole ngokuvuna ukugcinwa kohlelo.
Okuningi okugcina ukuqasha kusebenza ezikoleni zethu, nokho, uhlobo oluhlukile lwamandla - amandla okuqamba amanga nokubalekela ngaphandle kokuphikiswa. Njengombhalo ka-Harding no-Kershner, abaqashi bavame ukukhohlisa abafundi mayelana nesikhathi abasenzayo sokuba sebuthweni lezempi, ithuba lokushintsha izingqondo zabo, amandla ikholeji yamahhala njengomvuzo, ukuba khona kokuqeqeshelwa umsebenzi kwezempi, kanye nezingozi ezihilelekile ekujoyineni impi.
Umphakathi wethu usugxile kakhulu ekuxwayiseni abantu abasha ngokuphepha kwezocansi, ukushayela, uphuzo oludakayo, izidakamizwa, ezemidlalo nokunye. Uma kukhulunywa ngokujoyina amasosha, nokho, inhlolovo yabafundi yathola ukuthi akekho noyedwa kubo owatshelwa lutho ngobungozi kubo - okokuqala nokubaluleke kakhulu. ukuzibulala. Nabo, njengoba kusho uHarding noKershner, batshelwe okuningi ngobuqhawe, akukho lutho mayelana nokudinwa. Ngingangeza ngokuthi abatshelwa ngezinye izinhlobo zobuqhawe ngaphandle kwezempi. Ngingaphinda ngengeze ukuthi abatshelwa lutho ngezisulu zezimpi ezingezona ezase-US ikakhulukazi eziwuhlangothi olulodwa lokubulawa kwabantu, noma ngokulimala kokuziphatha kanye ne-PTSD engalandela. Futhi-ke, abatshelwa lutho ngezinye izindlela zomsebenzi.
Okungukuthi, abatshelwa lutho kulezi zinto ngabaqashayo. Abanye babo batshelwa ngabaqashayo. U-Harding no-Kershner bakhuluma nge-AmeriCorps kanye Nonyaka Wedolobha njengezinye izindlela zamasosha lapho abaqashi abaphikisayo kwesinye isikhathi bazisa abafundi ngakho. Ukuqala kwangaphambi kwesikhathi kwenye indlela yomsebenzi kutholwa abafundi abathile abangena ngemvume njengabaqaphi abasebenza ukusiza ukuqondisa ontanga yabo kude nezempi. Ucwaningo luthola ukuthi intsha eyenza ubushoshovu besikole ihlupheka kancane, izibekela imigomo yokuvelela, futhi ithuthuke ezifundweni.
Ukuqashwa kwezempi kuyenyuka lapho umnotho uwohloka, futhi kuyehla lapho izindaba zezimpi zamanje zanda. Labo ababuthiwe zivame ukuba iholo lomndeni eliphansi, abazali abangafundile kangako, kanye nobukhulu bomndeni. Kubonakala sengathi kungenzeka kimina ukuthi ukunqoba okusemthethweni kokuqashwa okuphikisayo okukhulu kunanoma iluphi ushintsho lokuhlolwa kwe-ASVAB noma ukufinyelela ezindaweni zokudlela zesikole kungaba ukuthi i-United States ijoyine lezo zizwe ezenza ikolishi libe mahhala. Okuxakayo ukuthi, usombusazwe ovelele kakhulu okhuthaza lowo mbono, uSenator Bernie Sanders, uyenqaba ukusho ukuthi uzokhokhela noma yiziphi izinhlelo zakhe ngokunqamula ezempi, okusho ukuthi kufanele azabalazele ukukhuphuka emelene nokumemeza okuvuthayo kokuthi “Ungakhuphuli intela yami!” (ngisho nalapho u-99% wabantu bebengeke babone izikhwama zabo zincipha nhlobo ngaphansi kwezinhlelo zakhe).
Ikolishi lamahhala lingaqeda ngokuphelele ukubuthwa kwamasosha. Leli qiniso likuchaza kangakanani ukuphikiswa kwezepolitiki ekolishi lamahhala? Angazi. Kodwa ngiyakwazi ukubona phakathi kwezimpendulo ezingase zibe khona zebutho lezempi i-push enkulu yokwenza ukuba yisakhamuzi kube umvuzo wabokufika abajoyina amasosha, amabhonasi aphezulu nangaphezulu okusayina, ukusetshenziswa okukhulu kwama-mercenaries kokubili angaphandle nasekhaya, ukuthembela kakhulu kuma-drones namanye amarobhothi, futhi ukuhlomisa okwengeziwe kwamasosha angaphandle, kodwa futhi kungenzeka kube nokungabaza okukhulu ukuqalisa kanye nokwanda nokuqhubeka nezimpi.
Futhi lowo mklomelo esiwufunayo, akunjalo? Umkhaya oqhunyiswe eMpumalanga Ephakathi ufile, ulimele, ukhungathekile, futhi awunakhaya kungakhathaliseki ukuthi abenzi bokubi baseduze noma bakude, emoyeni noma endaweni yama-computer, ezalelwe e-United States noma esiqhingini sasePacific, akunjalo? Iningi labaqashi abaphikisayo engibaziyo lingavumelana nalokho 100%. Kodwa bakholelwa, futhi ngesizathu esihle, ukuthi umsebenzi wokuphikisa ukubuyisela emuva ukwakhiwa kwempi.
Kodwa-ke, kuyangena okunye okukhathazayo, okuhlanganisa isifiso sokuvikela abafundi abathile, kanye nesifiso sokumisa ukuhlukana kobuhlanga noma kwesigaba sokuqashwa okugxile kakhulu kwezinye izikole ezimpofu noma ezigcwele izinhlanga. Izishayamthetho ebezimanqikanqika ukuvimbela ukuqashwa zikwenzile lokho ngesikhathi kudingidwa udaba lokucwasa ngokwebala noma ngokwezigaba.
Abasebenzi abaningi abaphikisayo, uHarding noKershner bayabika, "babecophelela ukuphakamisa ukuthi amasosha enze inhloso esemthethweni emphakathini futhi kuwubizo oluhloniphekile." Ngokwengxenye, ngicabanga ukuthi inkulumo enjalo iyisu - noma ngabe ihlakaniphile noma cha - ekholelwa ukuthi ukuphikiswa okuqondile kwempi kuzovala iminyango futhi kunikeze izitha amandla, kuyilapho kukhulunywa ngokuthi "ubumfihlo bomfundi” kuzovumela abantu abamelene nempi ukuthi bafinyelele abafundi ngolwazi lwabo. Kodwa-ke, ukusho ukuthi amasosha ayinto enhle ngenkathi edikibalisa izingane zasendaweni ukuthi zingayijoyini kunalokho kunuka i-NIMBYism: Thola ifolishi yakho yenganono, Hhayi Egcekeni Lami Emuva.
Abanye, nakuba kungezona zonke, futhi ngisola ukuthi idlanzana labaqashwayo empeleni bamangalela ezinye izinhlobo zokulwela ukuthula. Bachaza abakwenzayo “njengokwenza okuthile empeleni,” ngokungafani nokumasha emihlanganweni noma ukuhlala emahhovisi e-Congressional, njll. Ngizobanikeza ukuthi ulwazi lwami luyinto engavamile. Ngenza izingxoxo nabezindaba. Isikhathi esiningi ngiya emibuthanweni engimemile ukuthi ngikhulume. Ngiyakhokhelwa ukwenza izinhlelo zokulwa nempi ku-inthanethi. Ngihlela izingqungquthela. Ngibhala izindatshana kanye nama-op-eds nezincwadi. Nginomuzwa “wokwenza okuthile” okungenzeka ukuthi abantu abaningi abahambela umcimbi noma ababuza imibuzo ezithamelini noma abasayine incwadi yezikhalazo abaku-inthanethi abakwenzi. Ngisola ukuthi abantu abaningi bathola abafundi abakhuluma kude nonqenqemeni baneliseka kakhulu kunokuboshwa phambi kwe-drone base, nakuba abantu abaningi abahle benza kokubili.
Kodwa kukhona, ngokubona kwami, ukuhlaziya okunephutha kakhulu ngokubuka kwabasebenzi abathile abaphikisayo abathi ukuthola izivivinyo ezikoleni kuyiqiniso, kuphathekayo, futhi kunenjongo, kuyilapho ukugcwalisa i-National Mall ngezibhengezo zokulwa nempi kungenamsebenzi. Ngo-2013 isiphakamiso sokuqhunyiswa kwebhomu eSyria sasibukeka singenzeka, kodwa amalungu eCongress aqala ukukhathazeka ngokuba yindoda evotele enye i-Iraq. (Kumsebenzela kanjani lokho u-Hillary Clinton?) Akubona ngokuyinhloko abaqaphi abenza i-Iraq ivoti laba ibheji lehlazo nokubhujiswa kwezombusazwe. Futhi kwakungekhona ukufinyelela kubafundi abasekele isivumelwano senuzi sase-Iran ngonyaka odlule.
Ukwehlukana phakathi kwezinhlobo zokulwela ukuthula kuwubulima ngandlela thile. Abantu balethwe emsebenzini wokuphikisa ukuqasha emibuthanweni emikhulu, futhi abafundi abafinyelelwe ngabaqaphi baphinde bahlela imibhikisho emikhulu. Ukuqashwa kuhlanganisa kanzima ukukala izinto ezifana Ama-fly-overs e-Super Bowl futhi amageyimu evidiyo. Ngakho-ke kungaphikisana nokuqashwa. Kokubili ukuqashwa kwabantu okuphikisayo kanye nezinye izinhlobo zokulwela ukuthula kuqubuka futhi kugeleze nezimpi, imibiko yezindaba, nokuchema. Ngingathanda ukubona laba ababili behlanganiswa emibuthanweni emikhulu eziteshini zokuqasha. U-Harding no-Kershner bacaphuna isibonelo esisodwa somqashi ophikisayo ophakamisa ukuthi irali eyodwa enjalo yakha ukuphikiswa okusha komsebenzi wakhe, kodwa ngingamangala uma ingazange futhi ilimaze ukuqashwa. Ababhali bacaphuna ezinye izibonelo zemibhikisho esakazwe kahle emahhovisi okuqasha eye yaba nomthelela waphakade wokunciphisa ukuqashwa lapho.
Iqiniso liwukuthi alukho uhlobo lokuphikisana nebutho lezempi njengoba lwalunjalo. U-Harding no-Kershner bacaphuna izibonelo ezinhle kakhulu zemvelo evamile yokuphikiswa kokuqashwa ngeminyaka yawo-1970, lapho yayisekelwa Inhlangano Kazwelonke Yabesifazane kanye ne-Congressional Black Caucus, nalapho izifundiswa ezivelele zinxusa esidlangalaleni abeluleki abaqondisayo ukuthi baphikise ukuqasha.
Umbutho oqinile wokulwa nempi, ngikholwa ukuthi, ungahlanganisa amandla okuqashwa kwabantu abaphikisana nawo kanye nawokunxenxa, ukubhikisha, ukuphikisa, ukufundisa, ukudilika, ukukhangisa, njll. Kungacophelela ukwakha ukumelana nokuqashwa ngenkathi kufundiswa umphakathi mayelana nokukodwa- izimpi zase-US ezihlangene, ziphikisana nombono wokuthi ingxenye enkulu yomonakalo wenziwa kumhlaseli. Lapho uHarding noKershner besebenzisa lesi sisho encwadini yabo ethi “Uma ingekho impi eshisayo” ukuchaza usuku lwamanje, yini okufanele abantu babulawe yizikhali zase-US e-Afghanistan, Iraq, Syria, Pakistan, Yemen, Somalia, Palestine, njll. ., wenzeni?
Sidinga isu elisebenzisa amakhono azo zonke izinhlobo zesishoshovu futhi eliqondise umshini wezempi kuzo zonke izindawo ezibuthakathaka, kodwa isu kufanele kube ukumisa ukubulala, noma ngabe kwenziwa ngubani, futhi noma ngabe wonke umuntu okwenzayo uyasinda. .
Ingabe ufuna indlela yokusiza? Ngincoma izibonelo ku I-Counter-Recruitment kanye Nomkhankaso Wokuqeda Izikole Zomphakathi. Phuma wenze njalo.
