NguDavid Swanson, World BEYOND War, Okthoba 18, 2021
Ngemuva kokuvuma okuqoshiwe kwevidiyo ka-WMD-Curveball, uColin Powell wayenjalo efuna ukwazi kungani kungekho muntu owamxwayisa ngokungathembeki kukaCurveball. Inkinga ukuthi, bakwenzile.
Ungacabanga unethuba lokukhuluma noMkhandlu Wezokuphepha weNhlangano Yezizwe ngendaba ebaluleke kakhulu emhlabeni wonke, yonke imithombo yezindaba yomhlaba ibukele, futhi uyisebenzisela uku… Umqondisi we-CIA uncike ngemuva kwakho, ngiqonde ukukhafula inkomo eyodwa esezingeni lomhlaba, ye-record-book, ukuphimisa umoya ngaphandle kwama-whoppers ambalwa kuwo, futhi kubukeke sengathi usho konke? Inyongo enjani. Yeka inhlamba emhlabeni wonke lokho okungaba.
UColin Powell akudingeki acabange into enjalo. Kumele aphile nayo. Wakwenza ngoFebhuwari 5, 2003. Itholakala ekhasethini levidiyo.
Ngazama ukumbuza ngakho ehlobo lika-2004. Wayekhuluma nomhlangano we-Unity Journalists of Color eWashington, DC Lo mcimbi wawumenyezelwe njengemibuzo eyayivela phansi, kodwa ngenxa yesizathu esithile lelo hlelo labuyekezwa. Izikhulumi ezisuka phansi zazivunyelwe ukubuza imibuzo ezintathelini ezine eziphephile nezihloliwe zemibala ngaphambi kokuba uPowell aqhamuke, bese labo bantu abane bengakhetha ukumbuza okuthile okuhlobene - okuyinto abangazange bakwenze, noma yikuphi.
UBush noKerry nabo bakhuluma. Ithimba lezintatheli ezabuza uBush imibuzo ngesikhathi efika belingakahlolwa kahle. U-Roland Martin we-Chicago Defender wayeshibilikele kuyo ngandlela thize (okungeke kuphinde kwenzeke!). UMartin ubuze uBush ukuthi ngabe akahambisani nokuvunyelwa kwezingane zabafundi basekolishi okukhethekile nokuthi wayewakhathalele yini amalungelo okuvota e-Afghanistan kunaseFlorida. UBush wayebukeka njengenyamazane ezibanini zangaphambili, engenakho ubuhlakani. Wakhubeka kabuhlungu ikamelo lamhleka.
Kodwa iphaneli ebeliqoqelwe ukunxenxa ama-softballs ePowell layifeza inhloso yalo kahle. Yayinganyelwe nguGwen Ifill. Ngabuza u-Ifill (futhi uPowell wayengayibuka kamuva ku-C-Span uma efuna) ukuthi ngabe u-Powell wayenayo yini incazelo yendlela ayethembele ngayo ebufakazini bomkhwenyana kaSaddam Hussein. Wayephindaphinde amazwi amayelana nezikhali zokucekela phansi abantu abaningi kodwa wayishiya ngokucophelela ingxenye lapho lowo mnumzane efakaza khona ukuthi wonke ama-WMD ase-Iraq ayebhujisiwe. U-Ifill wangibonga, wangasho lutho. U-Hillary Clinton wayengekho futhi akekho owangishaya.
Ngiyamangala ukuthi uPowell ubengathini uma umuntu ebengambuza lowo mbuzo, nanamuhla, noma ngonyaka ozayo, noma eminyakeni eyishumi kusukela manje. Umuntu othile ukutshela ngezikhali ezindala futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo ekutshela ukuthi zibhujisiwe, futhi ukhetha ukuphinda ingxenye mayelana nezikhali futhi uhlole ingxenye mayelana nokubhujiswa kwazo. Ungakuchaza kanjani lokho?
Nokho, kuyisono sokweqiwa, ngakho ekugcineni uPowell angathi ukhohliwe. "Yebo, bengifuna ukukusho lokho, kodwa kwashelela ingqondo yami."
Kodwa angakuchaza kanjani lokhu:
Ngesikhathi ethula inkulumo yakhe eNhlanganweni Yezizwe, u-Powell unikeze le nguqulo yengxoxo phakathi kwezikhulu zamasosha ase-Iraqi:
“Bayahlola izinhlamvu onazo, yebo.
“Yebo.
“Ngokuba kungenzeka kukhona izinhlamvu ezingavunyelwe.
"Ngokuba kungenzeka kube khona izinhlamvu ezingavunyelwe ngengozi?
“Yebo.
“Futhi sikuthumelele umyalezo izolo wokuthi uhlanze zonke izindawo, izindawo ezilahliwe, izindawo ezingasasebenzi. Qiniseka ukuthi akukho lutho lapho."
Imishwana efaka icala ethi "hlanza zonke izindawo" kanye "Qiniseka ukuthi akukho lutho lapho" ayiveli ekuhumushweni okusemthethweni koMnyango Wezwe:
“ULt. Colonel: Bahlola izinhlamvu onazo.
“UColonel: Yebo.
“ULt. Col: Ngokunokwenzeka kukhona izinhlamvu ezingavunyelwe.
“UColonel: Yebo?
“ULt. UColonel: Ngokunokwenzeka kukhona ngenhlanhla, izinhlamvu ezingavunyelwe.
“UColonel: Yebo.
“ULt. UColonel: Futhi sikuthumelele umyalezo wokuthi uyohlola izindawo ezilahliwe kanye nezindawo ezingasasebenzi.
"Colonel: Yebo."
U-Powell wayebhala ingxoxo eqanjiwe. Wafaka leyo migqa eyengeziwe lapho futhi wenza sengathi kukhona abashilo. Nakhu okushiwo nguBob Woodward ngalokhu encwadini yakhe ethi “Plan of Attack.”
"[U-Powell] wayenqume ukwengeza incazelo yakhe yomuntu siqu yemibhalo ebhaliwe esikripthi esiphindaphindwayo, eyisa phambili kakhulu futhi ebeka ekukhanyeni okungekuhle kakhulu. Mayelana nokuvimbela mayelana nokuhlola ukuthi kungenzeka yini 'izinhlamvu ezingavunyelwe,' u-Powell uqhubekisele phambili incazelo: 'Hlanza zonke izindawo. . . . Qiniseka ukuthi akukho lutho.' Akukho kulokhu okwabakhona.”
Esikhathini esiningi sesethulo sakhe, u-Powell wayengasunguli inkhulumomphendvulwano, kodwa wayeveza njengamaqiniso izimangalo eziningi abasebenzi bakhe ababemxwayise ngazo ukuthi zazibuthaka futhi zazingenakuvikeleka.
UPowell watshela i-UN kanye nomhlaba wonke: “Siyazi ukuthi indodana kaSaddam, uQusay, wayala ukuba kukhishwe zonke izikhali ezingavunyelwe ezindlini eziningi zesigodlo sikaSaddam.” Ukuhlaziywa kwangomhla zingama-31 kuJanuwari, 2003, kwamazwana asalungiswa ka-Powell alungiselelwe yena yi-Bureau of Intelligence and Research yoMnyango Wezwe (“INR”) imake lesi simangalo njengokuthi “WEAK”.
Mayelana nokufihlwa kwamafayili abalulekile e-Iraqi, uPowell uthe: “amafayela abalulekile avela ezikhungweni zempi nezesayensi afakwe ezimotweni ezishayelwa ama-intelligence emaphandleni ukuze kugwenywe ukutholwa.” Ukuhlolwa kwe-INR yangoJanuwari 31, 2003 kumake lesi simangalo njengokuthi “WEAK” futhi kwengeza “Ukuba nokwenzeka okuvulekele imibuzo.” A Feb. 3, 2003, INR ukuhlolwa kokusalungiswa okwalandela kwamazwi ka-Powell kuphawulwe:
“Ikhasi 4, inhlamvu yokugcina, amafayela ayisihluthulelo ashayelwa ngapha nangapha ngezimoto ukugwema abahloli. Lesi simangalo siyangabaza kakhulu futhi sithembisa ukuthi sizoqondiswa abagxeki kanye nezikhulu zokuhlola ze-UN. ”
Lokho akuzange kumvimbe uColin ukuthi akubeke njengeqiniso futhi ngokusobala enethemba lokuthi, noma ngabe abahloli be-UN bebecabanga ukuthi ungumqambimanga ongenangqondo, abezindaba baseMelika bebengeke batshele muntu.
Mayelana nodaba lwezikhali zebhayoloji nemishini yokuhlakaza, uPowell uthe: “Siyazi ngemithombo ukuthi ibutho lezempi elicitshwayo ngaphandle kwaseBaghdad belikhipha amarokhethi nama-warhead aqukethe ama-biological warfare agents ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene, bezisakaza ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene entshonalanga ye-Iraq.”
Ukuhlola kwangoJanuwari 31, 2003, INR kumake lesi simangalo njengokuthi “WEAK”:
“BUBUTHAKA. Imicibisholo enamakhanda e-biological kubikwa ukuthi yahlakazeka. Lokhu kungaba yiqiniso ngandlela thize mayelana nemicibisholo yebanga elifushane enezimpi ezivamile, kodwa kuyangabazeka mayelana nemicibisholo ejikijelwayo yamabanga amade noma amakhanda ebhayoloji.”
Lesi simangalo saphinde sahlatshwa umkhosi ngoFebhuwari 3, 2003, ekuhlolweni kohlaka olwalandela lwesethulo sika-Powell: “Ikhasi 5. isigaba sokuqala, funa ama-missile brigade ahlakaza iziqhumane zamarokhethi nama-warhead e-BW. Lesi simangalo naso siyangabaza kakhulu futhi singase sigxekwe izikhulu ezihlola i-UN.”
Lokho akuzange kumvimbe uColin. Eqinisweni, wakhipha izinsiza-kubona ukuze zisize ekuqambeni amanga
U-Powell ubonise isilayidi sesithombe sesathelayithi sendlu yezikhali zase-Iraqi, futhi waqamba amanga:
“Le micibisholo emibili ibonisa ukuthi kunezimpawu eziqinisekile zokuthi lezi zingosi zigcina izikhali zamakhemikhali . . . [t]iloli […] obona ukuthi liyisiginesha. Yimoto ekhipha ukungcola uma kukhona okungahambi kahle.”
Ukuhlola kukaJanuwari 31, 2003, INR kumake lesi simangalo njengokuthi “WEAK” futhi kwengeza: “Siyayisekela ingxenye enkulu yale ngxoxo, kodwa siyaqaphela ukuthi izimoto zokuqeda ukungcola - ezicashunwe izikhathi ezimbalwa embhalweni - zingamaloli amanzi angasetshenziswa ngokusemthethweni... I-Iraq inikeze i-UNMOVIC lokho okungase kube i-akhawunti ezwakalayo yalo msebenzi - ukuthi lokhu bekuwumsebenzi ohlanganisa ukunyakaza kweziqhumane ezivamile; ukuba khona kweloli elivikela umlilo (iloli lamanzi, elingasetshenziswa futhi njengemoto yokuqeda ukungcola) kuvamile esenzakalweni esinjalo.”
Abasebenzi bakaPowell bamtshela ukuthi le nto yiloli lamanzi, kodwa watshela i-UN ukuthi "into esayinwe ... imoto yokuhlanza." I-UN yayizodinga imoto yokuqeda ukungcola ngesikhathi uPowell eqeda ukukhafula amanga akhe nokuhlazisa izwe lakhe.
Ubelokhu enqwabelanisa nje: “Ama-UAV afakwe amathangi okufuthwa ayindlela ekahle yokuqala ukuhlasela kwamaphekula kusetshenziswa izikhali zebhayoloji,” esho.
Ukuhlolwa kwe-INR kwangoJanuwari 31, 2003 kwahlaba umkhosi lesi sitatimende njengokuthi “AKUNAKA” futhi kwengeza: “Isimangalo sokuthi ochwepheshe bayavuma ukuthi ama-UAV afakwe amathangi okufuthwa ‘ayindlela ekahle yokuqala ukuhlasela kwamaphekula kusetshenziswa izikhali zebhayoloji’ AYIBUTHAKAMI.”
Ngamanye amazwi, ochwepheshe ABANGAVUMELANA naleso simangalo.
UPowell waqhubeka, ememezela “maphakathi no-December ochwepheshe bezikhali endaweni ethile bathathelwa indawo abezobunhloli base-Iraqi ababezokhohlisa abahloli ngomsebenzi owenziwa lapho.”
Ukuhlolwa kwe-INR kwangoJanuwari 31, 2003 kumake lesi simangalo njengokuthi “AKUNAMANDLA” futhi “akukholakali” futhi “okuvulekele ukugxekwa, ikakhulukazi abahloli be-UN.”
Abasebenzi bakhe bebemxwayisa ngokuthi lokhu ahlela ukukusho ngeke bakholwe ngabalaleli bakhe, okuzohlanganisa nabantu abanolwazi lwangempela ngalolu daba.
KuPowell lokho kwakungasho lutho.
U-Powell, ngokungangabazeki ecabanga ukuthi wayesejule kakade, ngakho-ke yini okwakudingeka alahlekelwe yiyo, waqhubeka etshela i-UN: "Ngemiyalo evela kuSaddam Hussein, izikhulu zase-Iraq zakhipha isitifiketi sokufa esingamanga sososayensi oyedwa, futhi wathunyelwa ekubhaceni. .”
Ukuhlola kwangoJanuwari 31, 2003, INR kumake lesi simangalo njengokuthi “WEAK” futhi kusibiza ngokuthi “Akunakwenzeka, kodwa abahloli be-UN bangase bakungabaze. (Qaphela: Uhlaka lukusho njengeqiniso.)”
Futhi uPowell wakusho njengeqiniso. Qaphela ukuthi abasebenzi bakhe abakwazanga ukusho ukuthi kukhona ubufakazi besimangalo, kodwa kunalokho "akunakwenzeka." Yilokho okungcono kakhulu ababengaqhamuka nakho. Ngamanye amazwi: “Bangase bayithenge lena, Mnumzane, kodwa ungathembeli kuyo.”
U-Powell, nokho, akazange aneliseke ngokuqamba amanga ngososayensi oyedwa. Kwakufanele abe neshumi nambili. Watshela iZizwe Ezihlangene: “Idlanzana lochwepheshe [lwe-WMD] livalelwe endlini, hhayi ezindlini zabo, kodwa njengeqembu kwenye yezindlu zezivakashi zikaSaddam Hussein.”
Ukuhlola kwangoJanuwari 31, 2003, INR kumake lesi simangalo njengokuthi “WEAK” nokuthi “Kungabazeka kakhulu.” Lokhu bekungafanele ngisho nokuthi "Akunakwenzeka."
UPowell uphinde wathi: “Maphakathi noJanuwari, ochwepheshe besikhungo esithile esihlobene nezikhali zokucekela phansi abantu abaningi, labo chwepheshe babeyalelwe ukuthi bahlale ekhaya bengayi emsebenzini ukuze bagweme abahloli. Abasebenzi abavela kwezinye izikhungo zamasosha ase-Iraq abangazibandakanyi nezinhlelo zokufuna izikhali bazongena esikhundleni sabasebenzi ababuyiselwe ekhaya. ”
Abasebenzi bakaPowell babize lokhu ngokuthi “WEAK,” “Ngokuba nokwenzeka okuvulekele imibuzo.”
Zonke lezi zinto zizwakala zinengqondo ngokwanele kubabukeli be-Fox, CNN, ne-MSNBC. Futhi lokho, sesiyabona manje, yilokho okwakuthakazelisa uColin. Kodwa kufanele ukuthi kuzwakale kungenakwenzeka kubahloli be-UN. Nali ijaha elalingahambanga labo ekuhlolweni kwabo lifika libatshela ngokwenzakalayo.
Siyazi ngo-Scott Ritter, owahola ukuhlolwa okuningi kwe-UNSCOM e-Iraq, ukuthi abahloli baseMelika basebenzise ukufinyelela inqubo yokuhlola ebanikezile ukuba bayinhloli, nokumisa izindlela zokuqoqwa kwedatha ye-CIA. Ngakho-ke kwaba nokuzwakalayo emcabangweni wokuthi umMelika angabuyela ku-UN futhi azise i-UN ukuthi kwenzekeni ngempela ekuhlolweni kwayo.
Kodwa-ke, ngokuphindaphindiwe, abasebenzi bakaPowell bamxwayisa ngokuthi izimangalo ezithile ayefuna ukuzenza zazingeke zizwakala zizwakala zizwakala. Azoqoshwa umlando kalula nje njengamanga aluhlaza.
Izibonelo zokuqamba amanga kukaPowell ezisohlwini olungenhla zithathwe embikweni obanzi owakhishwa uKhongolose uJohn Conyers: “UMthethosisekelo Osenkingeni; I-Downing Street Minutes kanye Nenkohliso, Ukukhohlisa, Ukuhlukumeza, Ukuphindisela, kanye Nezimbotshana Empini yase-Iraq. "
