Joeau and Garth Brooks yi-Belleau Wood

Izimpendulo ze-2

1. Umsebenzi Wokuxwayisa

   Ukukhumbula iTruce likaKhisimusi ye-1914:
   (Futhi Ukubamba iqhaza KwamaKristu Ukuzibulala)

   Indlela Ukulwa NeziNembeza Ezishayelwe Ngamanje Kwasondela Impi

   NguGary G. Kohls, MD

   Kuthunyelwe ku-: http://www.greanvillepost.com/2017/12/19/remembering-the-christmas-truce-of-1914-and-questioning-christian-participation-in-homicide/

   “… Futhi labo ababiza isibhamu ngeke babe phakathi kwabafileyo nezinyonga;
   Futhi ekugcineni kwesibhamu sonke siyafana ”- UJohn McCutcheon

   Eminyakeni eyi-103 eyedlule into leKhisimusi yenzeke ngasekuqaleni kwe "Impi Yokuqeda Zonke Izimpi" ezibeka ithemba elincane elincane lethemba emlandweni wesikhathi esimisiwe wokuxoshwa kwabantu abaningi okuyinto impi.

   Lesi senzakalo sabhekwa yiqembu labaphathi bezempi labaqeqeshiwe ukuthi libe lijulile futhi libaluleke kangaka (futhi liphazamisa kakhulu) ukuthi amasu ahlelwe masinyane ukuze aqinisekise ukuthi umcimbi onjalo awukwazi ukuphinde uphinde uvele.

   "Christian" Europe kwaba ngenyanga yesihlanu yempi ye-1914 - 1918, okuthiwa iMpi Enkulu eyagcina igxile ekuqothulweni kokuzibulala ngemva kweminyaka emine yempi yokuqeda imvula, nabo bonke ababambe iqhaza ekuqaleni kwezezimali, ngokomoya nangokuziphatha ukuphazamiseka.

   IBrithani, iScottish, isiFulentshi, iBelgium, i-Australia, i-New Zealand, iCanada, isiJalimane, i-Austrian, isiHungary, isiSerbia kanye neRussia kusukela emapulpini esonto kulawo maKristu ayingxenye ekwakheni inkululeko yokuthanda izwe engeke ibe yiKristu emhlatshelweni owabhubhisa imibuso emine, wabulala phezulu amasosha ayizigidi eziyi-20 kanye nezizwe, wabulala ngamakhulu ezinkulungwane zezigidi futhi wabangela ukuqothulwa ngokwengqondo nangokomoya kwesizukulwane sonke sezinsizwa ezazinakekelwa ngokomoya kulabo bafundisi.

   UbuKristu, kufanele bukhunjulwe, buqala njengenkolo enhle kakhulu yezinkolelo zenkolo yama-pacifist esekelwe ezimfundisweni nasezenzweni zikaJesu waseNazaretha ongeyena onamandla (kanye nabaphostoli bakhe nabalandeli bakhe). UbuKristu buyasinda futhi bukhula naphezu kokuzingelwa kuze kube yilapho iba inkolo enkulu kunazo zonke eMbusweni WamaRoma ngesikhathi uConstantine Omkhulu eba umbusi (ku-313 CE) futhi wenza abaholi benkolo ukuba balungile ngokuhlukumezeka kwabantu bezempi. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, izizwe ezizibiza ngokuthi ubuKristu njengenkolo yabo yenkolo azikaze zivumele amasonto amakhulu ukuba asebenzise ngempela ukuthula okukhulu kwehlobo lobuKristu njengoba uJesu ayekufundisile.

   Ngakho-ke, ngokungahambisani nezimfundiso zikaJesu zokuziphatha, amasonto amaningi anamuhla angamaKristu aye wenqaba ukuba abadlali abasebenza ngokuzikhandla emadodeni noma izizwe ezizwe, isizwe esinamandla, izimpi zezwe noma abahlomuli bempi. Esikhundleni salokho, isonto liye laba yigazi eligcwele igazi likaSathane ekusekeleni kunoma yikuphi ukufudumala kwabantu bezenhlalo kanye nezinhlangano zomphakathi ezisebusweni.

   Ngakho-ke, akufanele kufika ngokumangala okukhulu ukubona ukuthi abaholi benkolo emaceleni omabili weMpi Yezwe I baqiniseka ukuthi uNkulunkulu usehlangothini lwazo futhi ngenxa yalokho hhayi eceleni kwalabo abathi bangabalandeli bakaJesu ababekade beneminwe njengezitha ngabaholi bezombangazwe bezwe. I-incongruity yokukholelwa ukuthi unkulunkulu ofanayo wayebusisa izikhali ezibulalayo futhi evikela amadodana ahlukunyeziwe zombili zombili ze-No-Man's Land) ehlulekile ukubhalisa nabaningi bezimpi nabeluleki babo abangokomoya.

   Ngakho-ke, ekuqaleni kwempi, amapulpiti kanye neziphesheli kulo lonke elaseYurophu kwagcwala umfutho wokuphakamisa ifulegi, kuthumela imiyalezo ecacile ezigidini zamadodana angamaqhawe abhujisiwe ukuthi kwakuwumsebenzi wawo wobuKristu ukumasha ayobulala amasosha angamaKristu azolahlwa ngokulinganayo kwelinye eceleni kolayini. Futhi kubantu basemakhaya abasemakhaya, kwakuwumsebenzi wabo wobuKristu “ukweseka amasosha” ayemiselwe ukubuyela ekhaya efile noma elimele, ephukile ngokwengqondo nangokomoya, edumele - futhi engenalo ukholo.

   Izinyanga ezinhlanu kuphela kule mpi ekhungathekisayo (equkethe impi yamanzi, izikhali zamabutho, izibhamu zomlilo ezomile, futhi, maduzane zizofika, amathangi angenakunqotshwa, amabhomu aphezulu angenakuqedwa, i-Christmas bombardment kanye negesi lobuthi), uKhisimusi wokuqala wempi eWestern Front ukuphumula kulabo abaphelile, amaqhwa namaqhwa.

   UKhisimusi kwakuyiholide yamaKhristu amahholo futhi wonke amasosha emahlathini afriziwe ayeza kancane kancane ekuqapheliseni ukuthi impi ayengeyona inkazimulo (njengoba yayikholwa). Ngemva kokufa, ukufa, indlala, isithwathwa, ukulala kokulala, i-shell shock, ukulimala kwengqondo nokuhlukumezeka ekhaya, umoya wendabuko kaKhisimusi kanye nokulindela ukuthula nothando, kwakunencazelo ekhethekile kumabutho.

   UKhisimusi ukhumbuze amasosha ngokudla okuhle, amakhaya afudumele nemindeni abathandekayo nabangane abashiye emuva futhi - manje abasolayo - bangaphinde babone. Amasosha ayesemseleni afuna kakhulu ukuphumula osizini lwamagundane, izintwala kanye nemisele eyayigcwele izidumbu.

   Ezinye zezinsizwa ezicabangelayo zaqala ukusola ukuthi ngisho noma zisinda empini ngokwenyama, zingase zingasindisi ngokwengqondo noma ngokomoya.

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   Ngenjabulo eholela empini, amasosha angaphambili ahlangothini olulodwa ayekade eqiniseka ukuthi uNkulunkulu uhlangothini lwabo, ukuthi isizwe sabo sasihlelwe ngaphambili ukuba sinqobe nokuthi babe "ekhaya ngaphambi kosuku lukaKhisimusi" lapho bebengaba khona kugubha njengamaqhawe anqobayo.

   Esikhundleni salokho, isosha ngalinye langaphambili lazithola seliphela kwentambo yalo engokomzwelo ngenxa yamabharethi angapheli e-artillery ababengakwazi ukuzivikela kuwo. Uma bengabulawa noma bakhubazeke emzimbeni ngamabhomu ezikhali zokudubula namabhomu, ekugcineni bebezobhujiswa ngokomoya "yi-shell-shock" (manje eyaziwa njenge-combat-induced posttraumatic stress disorder - PTSD).

   Izisulu-izisulu ezazibonela izibonelo eziningi zempi yenzelwa ukuhlukunyezwa, ukukhathazeka, ukuzibulala, ukukhathazeka ngokweqile, izinsolo ezimbi ezishaqisayo kanye nama-flashbacks (ngokuvamile okwakungabhekwa njenge "ukucabangela okungaziwa", okuyiqiniso ukulahla izigidi zamasosha esizayo ukuthi zihlolwe ngephutha nge-schizophrenia futhi ngaleyo ndlela ziphuthwe ngephutha ngokudakamizwa, ukushintsha izidakamizwa zemithi yengqondo).

   Amasosha amaningi weMpi Yezwe I ahlupheka nganoma yikuphi ukuhlukumezeka kwengqondo kanye / noma kwemizwa yezinzwa, kuhlanganise nokulimala kwengqondo ebuhlungu (TBI), okwakuvele kube ukuhlupheka okuxilongwayo izimpi eziningana kamuva.

   Phakathi kwabanye “ababulali bomphefumulo” abavame ukwenziwa yindlala, indlala, ukungondleki kahle, ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni, izifo ezithathelwanayo (ezinjengesifo sohudo kanye nohudo), ukugcwala izintwala, unyawo lomsele, isithwathwa kanye nezinzwani neminwe ebulalayo. Uma noma yimuphi wabasindile abahlukumezekile ebuyela ekhaya ngocezu olulodwa, bebengeke bakuthokozele ngempela ukuphathwa njengamaqhawe ezempi emibhikishweni yosuku lwesikhumbuzo ebibanjelwe ukuhlonishwa kwabo. Bebazi - uma bethembeke ngokuphelele kubo uqobo - ukuthi abawona amaqhawe angempela, kepha kunalokho babeyizisulu zesiko eligulayo, elikhohlisayo, elihahayo, nelinezimpi elalidumisa impi nokubulala bese lishiya abasindile abakhohlisiwe nabalimele abakwenzile ekhaya ngiyaphila. Inqubo yokusebenza ejwayelekile kuyo yonke impi.

   Ukuhlaselwa kwegesi enoshevu ezinhlangothini zombili, yize kwaqala ngamaJalimane aphakeme ngokwesayensi, kwaqala ekuqaleni kuka-1915, kanye nempi yamathangi e-Allied - eyayiyinhlekelele ehlazisayo kubasunguli baseBrithani balobuchwepheshe obusha - yayingeke isebenze kuze kube yiMpi yase Somme ngo-1916.

   Esinye sezimo ezicindezelayo nokubulalayo kwabesosha bephambili kwakuwukuzibulala, okusohlisiwe, "ngaphezulu kwezinguquko" ezithandwayo ezithandana nabasolwa ngokumelene nezibhamu zomshini wokuphikisa. Ukuhlaselwa okunjalo kwakuyinkimbinkimbi ngokuba khona kwezimbobo zegobolondo kanye nemigqa yocingo oluboshiwe oluvame ukubenza babheke amadada. Izikhali ezivela ezinhlangothini zombili zivame ukuba nemashumi ezinkulungwane zabantu ababulawa ngosuku olulodwa.

   I-"phezulu kwephezulu" ukuhlaselwa kwezinsana zahlaselwa ngamakhulu ezinkulungwane zamasosha aphansi-echelon alalelayo emzamweni engenamsebenzi ukuze bathole indawo. Lokho kuhlaselwa kwakunikwe izikhulu eziphezulu njengeSir John French futhi esikhundleni sakhe njengoMongameli we-British-in-Chief, uSir Doulaslas. Iningi labaphathi besikhathi esidala abaye balwa izimpi ekhulwini leminyaka elidlule benqabe ukuvuma ukuthi "amahhashi" kanye namahhashi "aphelelwe yisikhathi" ahlawuliswa kuwo wonke ama-No-Man's Land ayengenathemba futhi azibulala.

   Abahleli bezisebenzi ezijwayelekile zemizamo eyahlukahlukene eyinhlekelele yokuqeda impi ngokushesha (noma okungenani ukuqeda isikhubekiso) babephume ngokuphepha ebangeni lamabhareji ezitha. Abahleli bezimpi zikazwelonke babuyile ngokuphepha ePhalamende noma bebhace ezinqabeni zabo, futhi ojenene babo abasebukhosini baboshwa kamnandi ekomkhulu elifudumele nelomile kude nempi eshisayo, bedla kahle, begqoke imiyalo yabo, bephuza itiye labo ne-claret - akekho kubo nganoma iyiphi ingozi yokuthola imiphumela ebulalayo yempi.

   Amacilongo ebuhlungu ayevame ukuvela amasosha abalimele ayebhekene nocingo emgqeni oboshiwe noma eboshiwe futhi mhlawumbe egazini efa emabhokisini emabhomu phakathi kwama-trench. Ngokuvamile ukufa kwalabo abalimele kwakuyohlala isikhathi eside, futhi umphumela emaqenjini asemathangeni, okumele alalele ukukhala okungapheliyo, okungaqondakali usizo usizo bekulokhu kuphazamiseka kwengqondo. Ngesikhathi uKhisimusi efika futhi kubanjwe ubusika, ama-troop morale ezinhlangothini zombili zakwaNo Man's Land ayebheke phansi.

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   Ngakho ngoDisemba 24, i-1914, amasosha aphelile ahlala phansi ukudla okuKhisimusi futhi, ngenxa yezinhlanhla, izipho ezivela ekhaya, ukudla okhethekile, utshwala obukhethekile, imigoqo ekhethekileyo ye-chocolate kanye nethemba lokuthula, ngisho noma ubusuku obulodwa.

   Ngasohlangothini lwaseJalimane, uKaiser Wilhelm omkhulu (futhi okhohlisiwe) wathumela izihlahla zikaKhisimusi eziyizi-100,000 nezigidi zamakhandlela okuhlobisa ngaphambili, elindele ukuthi isenzo esinjalo sizothuthukisa isimilo samasosha aseJalimane. Kusetshenziswa izintambo eziyigugu zokuhlinzeka ngezinto ezinjalo ezingadingekile empini kwahlekwa usulu yizikhulu eziningi, futhi akekho noyedwa owasola ukuthi umqondo wesihlahla sikaKhisimusi kaKaiser uzobuyela emuva - esikhundleni salokho ube yisikhuthazi sokuphela komlilo okungahleliwe nokungagunyaziwe, okuhlelwe ngabangekho emthethweni -abasebenzi nabangakaze bazwakale emlandweni wempi. I-mutiny yaxoshwa ezincwadini zomlando ezijwayelekile iningi lekhulu elizayo.

   I-Truce yeKhisimusi ye-1914 yayiyisenzakalo esingavumelekile, esingagunyaziwe okwenzeka ezindaweni eziningi kuwo wonke amakhilomitha angu-600 amathrekhi amathathu awathatha lonke elaseBelgium naseFrance, futhi kwakuyisenzakalo esingeke siphinde sinyathelwe, ngenxa yempi- abahlomuli, abavukuzi bezobuchwepheshe kanye nama-wannabes angama-saber-a-rattling kumaphephandaba, ePhalamende naseCongress abaqhakambisa izimpi "zezilwane ezingenalo izwe".

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   Eminyakeni eyishumi nambili eyedlule, i-movie ethi "Joyeux Noel" (isiFulentshi for "Christmas Merry") yathola ukuphakanyiswa kwe-Academy Award efanelekile kwefilimu engaphandle ye-2005. UJoyeux Noel yindaba ehamba phambili eyayisetshenziselwa izindaba eziningi ezasinda ezazisetshenziselwa izincwadi ezivela kumasosha ayebambe iqhaza kulokhu. Kwakuyisimangaliso ukuthi iqiniso lalo mcimbi ophawulekayo lusinda ekuqapheliseni okunamandla.

   Isosha laseJalimane elinesibindi Ukucula eNarheni yomuntu (isithombe esivela kuJoyeux Noel)

   Njengoba utshele ku-movie, ebusweni obumnyama, isosha elithile laseJalimane laqala ukucula iculo likaKhisimusi ethandekayo elithi "Stille Nacht". Ngokushesha abaseBrithani, isiFulentshi namaScots ngaphesheya kweNo Land Man bajoyine ngezinguqulo zabo ze "Silent Night". Ezinye izingoma zikaKhisimusi zahlabelelwa, kaningi njengezimphathi ngezilimi ezimbili. Kungakabiphi, umoya wokuthula "nokuthakazelelwa ngabantu" wawunqoba umoya wedimoni, futhi amabutho ohlangothini zombili aqala ukuqonda ubuntu bawo obuvamile. Ukuziphendukela kwemvelo komuntu ukubulala abanye abantu kwaqhekeka kwaze kwaba yilapho kunqotshwa ukwesaba, ukushisekela izwe kanye nokuhlambalaza impi-ukuhlanza ubuchopho lapho bonke babeke khona.

   Amasosha emaceleni womabili ayeka isibindi izibhamu zawo, weza "phezulu" ngokuthula ukuze ahlangane nezitha zabo zangaphambili ebusweni. Ukuze bafike endaweni engathathi hlangothi, kwakudingeka bakhwele phezu kwentambo eboshiwe, bahambe bezungeza izimbobo zegobolondo nangaphezu kwezidumbu ezibandayo (okwakuzobekwa esikhathini esizayo ukuthi bangcwatshwe ngenhlonipho ngesikhathi kunwetshwa kwesikhukhula, amasosha avela zombili zombili axhasana umsebenzi wokungcwaba ama-comrades abo).

   Amathuna eNdawo Yomuntu

   I-Mutinous French, German and Scottish Lieutenants

   Umoya wokuphindiselela wawushintshwe umoya wokubuyisana kanye nesifiso sokuthula kwangempela. Abangane abasha babelana ngemishayo ye-chocolate, ugwayi, iwayini, ama-schnapps, imidlalo yebhola nezithombe ezivela ekhaya. Amakheli ashintshaniswa, izithombe zithathwe futhi wonke amasosha owaziwa ngempela lo mdlalo womzwelo waguqulwa phakade. Ngokungazelelwe kwaba khona ukuphazamiseka kokubulala izinsizwa ezafanelwe ukuphathwa njengoba zafundiswa eSikoleni SaseSonto: "Yenza kwabanye njengoba uthanda ukuba benze kuwe."

   Futhi abaphathi bezombangazwe kanye nezombusazwe ekhaya babukeka bemangazwe ngokuziphatha okungaqondakali kukaKristu-ngaphambili-amasosha.

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   Ukuhlanganiswa nesitha (kanye nokwenqaba ukulalela imiyalo ngesikhathi sempi) kubhekwa njengabaphathi bezempi njengesenzo sokuhlubuka kanye nobugebengu obukhulu obufanelwe isijeziso esinzima. Ezimpi eziningi kulo lonke umlando, lezi "zobugebengu" zazivame ukubhekwa ngokushaywa futhi zivame ukudubula. Uma kwenzeka i-Christmas Truce ye-1914, izikhulu eziningi eziphetheyo zamesaba izidakamizwa uma kunesijeziso esinzima okwenziwa, ngakho-ke, engafuni ukunaka umphakathi ngesigameko esasizosakazeka futhi singavimbela impi, bahlaziya izincwadi ekhaya futhi bazama ukunganaki lesi siqephu.

   Ababhali bezempi babenqatshelwe ukubika lesi sigameko emaphepha abo. Amanye amapholisa aphetheyo asongela izinkantolo ukuthi i-fraternization iqhubeka. Bayaqonda ukuthi ukwazi nokwenza ubungane ukuthi isitha sasibi kakhulu ngomoya wokubulala ngokucophelela.

   Kwakukhona izijeziso ezenziwa amanye amasosha aqotho kakhulu enqaba ukudubula izibhamu. Amasosha aseFrance Katolika kanye ne-United Kingdom empikisheni yamaProthestani ngokwemvelo aqala ukuphazamisa ukuziphatha okusemthethweni kwempi enqume ukungafani noKristu futhi ngaleyo ndlela lawo mabutho ayevame ukunikezwa ngokuhlukile-nokunciphisa okuncane kakhulu.

   Amabutho aseJalimane ayengamaLuthela noma amaKatolika, futhi unembeza wabaningi babo ubuye waphuthunyiswa yi-truce. Enqaba ukulalela imiyalo yabo yokubulala, iningi labo lathunyelwa e-Eastern Front lapho kwakukhona khona izimo ezinzima kakhulu. Ehlukaniswe nabakwa-Western Front abaqashi ababebuye babone umoya weqiniso kaKhisimusi, babengenakukhetha kodwa ukulwa futhi bafe empini efanayo yokuzibulala ngokumelene nama-Orthodox abangamaKristu ase-Russian Orthodox. Amasosha ambalwa kakhulu ase-Allied noma aseJalimane abhekana neTruce Christmas ka-1914 asinda empini.

   Uma abantu bekhathazekile ngempela ngemvelo ye-barbaric yezempi, futhi uma izimpi zethu zombuso wezinkomba zamanga ezikhona zanamuhla zizocutshungulwa kahle, indaba ye-Christmas Truce ye-1914 idinga ukubuyiselwa kaningi-futhi ithathwe ngenhliziyo.

   Imvelo kaSathane yempi yaba sobala kulabo abathola iTruce likaKhisimusi e-1914, kodwa abanikazi bezempi kanye nabahlomuli bempi bebelokhu bezama ukuyihlanganisa kusukela ngaleso sikhathi. Ukuthanda ukuthanda izwe nokutshela izindaba eziphangazelayo zobuqhawe bezempi uye wasebenza kahle ukukhazimulisa lokho okubukeka kabi.

   Zombili izimpi zasendulo nezanamuhla ziye zakhazimuliswa ezincwadini zomlando zonke zomlando kodwa, uma impucuko isinda, impi idinga ukuvezwa njengedemoniki. Udlame luqala ubudlova. Izimpi zithathelwana, zingenalutho yonke, futhi azipheli ngokuphelele; futhi izindleko zabo eziphakeme kakhulu zihlale ziholela ekubuyiseleni okubi kakhulu kokutshalwa kwemali - ngaphandle kwamabhange kanye nezikhali-abakhiqizi.

   Izimpi zanamuhla zaseMelika manje zilwa ne-indoctrinated, post-adolescent, i-Call of Duty-uhlobo yabadlali bokudlala abadlali bokuqala abadlali abathandekayo abadlali abaningi ababulalayo "abafana ababi" emdlalweni wevidiyo. Ngokudabukisayo, engaziwa, basengozini enkulu yokuba nempilo yabo engokomzwelo nengokomoya iguqulwe kabi futhi ingaguquguquki ngokomonakalo ongokwenyama, wengqondo nomoya ovela njalo ekubandakanyekeni kobudlova obuqeda ukubulala abantu.

   Ukulwa nempi kungabhubhisa kalula abahlanganyeli babo empilweni egcwele izilonda zempi (i-PTSD, ukuhlukunyezwa komuntu, ukuzibulala, ukubulala abantu, ukulahlekelwa yinkolo, ukulimala kwengqondo, ukungondleki kokudla okwenziwe impi, ukuphazamiseka kwemithi ngenxa yezempi izinhlelo eziningi zokugoma ezingenayo i-neurotoxic aluminium-ineziqu (ikakhulukazi uchungechunge lwe-anthrax) nokusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa eziluthayo [okungokomthetho noma okungekho emthethweni]). Okubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela ukuthi yonke leyo miphumela ebulalayo ingavinjelwa ngokuphelele.

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   Kubonakala kimi ukuthi kungaba usizo uma ubuholi bokuziphatha eMelika, ikakhulukazi abaholi bebandla kanye nabazali bayo abangamaKristu, beyofeza umsebenzi wabo wokuxwayisa ngokucophelela izingane nezingane ezisencane ekuthandeni kwazo zonke imiphumela emibi yokuba khona ukubulala ubuchwepheshe. UJesu, owayala abalandeli bakhe ukuba "bathande izitha zenu", ngokuqinisekile uzovuma.

   Ngaphandle kwamaqiniso anjalo aphikisayo atshelwa ubuholi besizwe bokuziphatha, abahleli bezimpi banesikhathi esilula sokugcina amasosha angaba khona ekuboneni ubuntu balabo abasolwa ngokuba yizitha, noma ngabe bangamaSyria, ama-Irani, ama-Iraq, ama-Afghanis, amaRussia, amaVietnam, amaShayina noma abaseNyakatho Korea. Ngiye ngatshelwa kaninginingi abangani bami abangomakadebona bezempi ukuthi abefundisi bezempi - okufanele ngabe bangabondli bemiphefumulo yamasosha “abawanakekelayo” - abaze njalo, ngezikhathi zabo zokweluleka, uMthetho Wegolide, uJesu Imiyalo ecacile "thanda izitha zakho", izimfundiso zakhe eziningi zokuziphatha eNtshumayelweni yaseNtabeni noma imiyalo yeBhayibheli ethi "ungabulali" noma "ungafisi amafutha omakhelwane wakho".

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   Esinye isimo sezinto eziphilayo eziyimpumputhe mayelana nempi sasifanekiselwe kahle ngasekupheleni kuka "Joyeux Noel" esithombeni esinamandla esibonisa ukuxabana phakathi kofundisi waseScotland onjengoKristu, ongenamuntu onamandla, olwaphikisana naye, kanye nombhishobhi wakhe wase-Anglican onamalungelo amaningi. Njengoba lo mfundisi othobekile wayephatha ngesihe "amasosha okugcina" esosheni esesifile, wafika umbhishobhi, owayeze ukujezisa umfundisi ukuba ahlangane nesitha ngesikhathi seKhisimusi. Umbhishobhi wamkhulula ngokukhululekile umfundisi olula wezinkonzo zakhe zokufundisa ngenxa yokuziphatha kwakhe "okuhlambalaza nokuhlazola" okufana noKristu empini.

   Umbhishobhi ohloniphekile wenqabe ukulalela indaba yomfundisi wesikhombiso mayelana nokuthi wenza "inqwaba ebaluleke kakhulu yokuphila kwami" (nebutho lezitha elihlanganyela kulo mkhosi) noma ukuthi wayefisa ukuhlala namasosha ayemdinga ngoba ayelahlekelwa ukholo lwabo kuNkulunkulu. Umbhishobhi wamphika ngesibindi isicelo sommfundisi sokuba ahlale namadoda akhe.

   I-Christmas Eve Mass, eFrance

   Umbhishobhi wabe esedlulisa impi yokuvusa, intshumayelo ye-jingoistic (eyathathwa igama-nge-izwi evela emndenini owawunikelwe ngumbhishobhi wase-Anglican kamuva empini). Intshumayelo yayibhekiswe emaqenjini amasha ayemele alethwe ukuze athathe amasosha asezikhungweni ezazenzeke ngokungazelelwe ukubulala, futhi benqabe ukushisa "isitha".

   Isithombe sokuphendula okumangazayo kodwa okucashile kukamfundisi ekuxoshweni kwakhe kufanele kube ikhwelo elicacisa ubuholi bebandla lobuKrestu - bobabili abefundisi nabaphansi - kuzo zonke izizwe ezinempi, ezibizwa ngokuthi “zobuKrestu”. Lo mfundisi, ngemuva kokulalela intshumayelo yombhishobhi, wavele walengisa isiphambano sakhe waphuma ngomnyango wesibhedlela sasensimini.

   "Joyeux Noel" ifilimu ebalulekile efanelwe ukubuka iholide yonyaka. Iqukethe izifundo zokuziphatha ezinamandla kakhulu kunomkhuba wendabuko othi "Kuyinto Enhle Ukuphila" noma "A Christmas Carol".

   Esinye sezifundo zendaba sifingqiwe evesini lokuphetha likaNgoma likaJohn McCutcheon mayelana nomcimbi: "uKhisimusi emaTrenches":

   "Igama lami nguFrancis Tolliver, ehlala eLiverpool.
   UKhisimusi ngamunye uza kusukela ngeMpi Yezwe Yokuqala, ngifunde izifundo zayo kahle:
   Ukuthi labo ababiza isibhamu ngeke babe phakathi kwabafileyo nezinyonga
   Futhi ekugcineni kwesibhamu sonke siyafana. ”

   Hlola ividiyo kaMcCutcheon ukucula ingoma yakhe ku: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sJi41RWaTCs

   Isimo esibucayi esivela ku-movie sise: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pPk9-AD7h3M

   Izigcawu ezengeziwe ze-movie, ngokulandisa kwencwadi evela kumunye wamasosha abandakanyekayo kungabonwa ku: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ehFjkS7UBUU

   UDkt Kohls ungudokotela ohlala umhlalaphansi waseDuluth, MN, eU.SA. Eminyakeni eyishumi ngaphambi kokuthatha umhlalaphansi, wenza lokho okungahle kuchazwe ngokuthi "okuphelele (okungewona izidakamizwa) nokunakekelwa kwezempilo yengqondo". Kusukela ekuthatha umhlalaphansi, ubhale ikholomu yangeviki yeDuluth Reader, enye umagazini wezindaba wezindaba. Amakholomu akhe ikakhulukazi abhekane nezingozi ze-imperialism yaseMelika, i-fascism enobungane, i-corporatism, i-militarism, ubandlululo, nezingozi ze-Big Pharma, i-drug Pharmacy, ukugoma ngokweqile kwezingane kanye nezinye izinyathelo ezisongela intando yeningi yaseMelika, umphakathi, impilo kanye nokuphila isikhathi eside ikusasa lomhlaba. Amakholomu amaningi amaningi agcinwe kungobo yomlando http://duluthreader.com/articles/categories/200_Duty_to_Warn, http://www.globalresearch.ca/authors?query=Gary+Kohls+articles&by=&p=&page_id= noma ku https://www.transcend.org/tms/search/?q=gary+kohls+articles

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2. Sawubona Gary;
   Ngikujabulele kakhulu okuthunyelwe kwakho maqondana ne- "WW I Christmas Truce of 1914" kanye nezikhombo zakho engomeni kaJohn McCutcheon engijwayelene kakhulu nayo. Kungumbango wami uJoe Henry / Garth Brooks owabhala (futhi angilisebenzisi lelo gama kancane) imiqondo nezindikimba ezinesigqi esivela ku- “Christmas in the Trenches” engomeni yabo ethi Belleau Wood kodwa lokho ngeke kuze kufakazelwe. Uma ungazi ngakho ngincoma incwadi eyashicilelwa ngo-2001 nguStanley Weintraub enesihloko esithi “Silent Night” ebhekana nesivumelwano ngokuningiliziwe. Intshisekelo yami ngeyami uqobo njengoba umkhulu nomalume wami babesemiseleni ohlangothini lwaseJalimane kamuva empini (1918). Ozithobayo, uMichael Kelischek Brasstown, NC

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