Ingxoxo no-Alice Slater

NgoJuni 6th, thina e-Pressenza sikhishwe ifilimu yethu yakamuva ebhaliwe, “Ukuqala Kokuphela KweZikhali Zenuzi”. Ngale filimu, sixoxisane nabantu abayi-14, ochwepheshe emikhakheni yabo, abakwazile ukunikeza ulwazi ngomlando wale ndaba, inqubo eyaholela eSivumelwaneni Sokuvinjelwa Kwezikhali ZaseNyukliya, kanye nemizamo yamanje yokubabandlulula futhi ukuvinjelwa ekuqedeni. Njengengxenye yokuzibophezela kwethu ekwenzeni lolu lwazi lutholakale emhlabeni wonke, sishicilela izinhlobo eziphelele zalezo zingxoxo, kanye nemibhalo yabo, ngethemba lokuthi lolu lwazi luzoba usizo kubenzi bamabhayisikobho abazayo, izishoshovu kanye nezazi-mlando ngithanda ukuzwa ubufakazi obunamandla obuqoshwe ezingxoxweni zethu.

Le ngxoxo ikanye no-Alice Slater, umeluleki weNuclear Age Peace Foundation, kuye ekhaya eNew York, ngomhla ka-560 Septhemba, 315.

Kulokhu kuxoxwa ngemizuzu engu-44 sibuze u-Alice ngezinsuku zakhe zokuqala njengesishoshovu, umsebenzi nomthelela we-Abolition 2000, i-NPT, iSivumelwano seProhibition of Nuclear Weapons, World Beyond War, okungenziwa ngabantu ukusiza ukuqeda izikhali zenuzi kanye nogqozi lwayo.

Imibuzo: UTony Robinson, uCameraman: Álvaro Orús.

Okulotshiweyo

Sawubona. Ngingu-Alice Slater. Ngihlala lapha esiswini sesilo eNew York City, eManhattan.

Sitshele ngezinsuku zakho zokuqala njengesishoshovu esilwa ne-nuclear

Bengilokhu ngiyisishoshovu esilwa ne-nyukiliya kusukela nge-1987, kepha ngasiqala njengesishoshovu e-1968, njengomfazi wasendlini ohlala eMassapequa nezingane zami ezimbili, futhi ngangibukela umabonakude futhi ngabona ifilimu ezindala likaHo Chi Minh liya eya kuWoodrow Wilson e1919, ngemuva kweMpi Yezwe yokuqala, esincenga ukuthi simsize akhiphe amaFulentshi eVietnam, futhi samenqaba, futhi abaseSoviet babejabule kakhulu ukusiza ngakho-ke waba kanjani ngumkhomanisi.

Bakhombisile ukuthi waze walingisa noMthethosisekelo wethu kowethu, futhi kulapho izindaba zakukhombisa izindaba zangempela. Futhi ngabo lobo busuku izingane zaseColumbia University zazinodlame eManhattan. Babekhiyele umengameli ehhovisi lakhe. Babengafuni ukuya kule mpi embi yaseVietnam, futhi ngangesaba.

Ngangicabanga ukuthi kufana nokuphela komhlaba, eMelika, eNew York kanye nedolobha lami. Lezi zingane ziyalingisa, kungcono ngenze okuthile. Ngangisanda kuba neminyaka engama-30 ubudala, futhi babethi ungathembi muntu ongaphezu kweminyaka engama-30. Lokho kwakuyisiqubulo sabo, ngaphuma ngaya eDemocratic Club ngalelo sonto, ngase ngijoyina. Babenenkulumompikiswano phakathi koKlebe namaDube, ngase ngijoyina amaDoves, futhi ngaba ngumdlandla emkhankasweni ka-Eugene McCarthy wokuphonsela inselelo impi yeDemocratic Party, futhi angizange ngiyeke. Kwaba yilokho-ke, futhi sadlula lapho uMcCarthy ehlulwa, sathatha lonke iDemocratic Party. Kusithathe iminyaka emine. Siphakamise uGeorge McGovern kwase kuthi abezindaba basibulale. Ababhalanga nelilodwa igama eliqotho ngoMcGovern. Abazange bakhulume ngempi, ubuphofu noma amalungelo omphakathi, amalungelo abesifazane. Kwakumayelana nalowo owayezongenela iphini likamongameli kaMcGovern owayelaliswe esibhedlela eminyakeni engama-20 ngaphambili ngenxa yokudangala kwengqondo. Kwakufana no-OJ, uMonica. Kwakufana nalokhu okungenamsoco futhi walahlekelwa kakhulu.

Futhi kuyathakazelisa ngoba kule nyanga nje amaDemocrats athe azoqeda izithunywa ezinkulu. Bafaka izihambeli eziphezulu ngemuva kokuthi uMcGovern ethole ukuphakanyiswa, ngoba babethuke kakhulu ukuthi abantu abavamile abangena indlu ngendlu - futhi sasingenayo i-intanethi, sashaya izinsimbi zeminyango futhi sakhuluma nabantu - bakwazi ukubamba yonke iDemocratic Party bese kuphakanyiswa ozongenela impi.

Ngakho-ke lokho kunginike umqondo wokuthi, noma ngingawinanga lezi zimpi, intando yeningi ingasebenza. Ngisho, kungenzeka ukuthi kukhona kithi.

Futhi-ke kwenzeka kanjani ukuba ngibe yisishoshovu esilwa ne-nuclear?

EMassapequa bengingumama wekhaya. Abesifazane babengayanga emsebenzini ngaleso sikhathi. Encwadini yami yesikole samabanga aphakeme i-autograph, lapho bethi isifiso sempilo yakho, ngabhala phansi "imisebenzi yasendlini". Yilokhu ebesikukholelwa kuleyo minyaka. Futhi ngicabanga ukuthi ngisenza umsebenzi wasendlini womhlaba wonke lapho ngifuna ukutshela abafana ukuthi babeke amathoyizi abo futhi bahlanze ukungcola abakwenzile.

Ngakho-ke ngaya esikoleni sezomthetho futhi lokho kwakuyinselelo impela, futhi ngangisebenza kwinqubo yomthetho yesikhathi esigcwele yokomthetho. Bengiphumile kuyo yonke imisebenzi yami emihle engangiyenzile yonke leyo minyaka, futhi ngibona kwiLitter Journal kunesikhathi sasemini seLawyers Alliance for Nuclear Arms Control, ngathi, "Kuhle, kuyathakazelisa lokho."

Ngakho-ke ngiya esidlweni sasemini bese ngivala usekela sihlalo wesahluko saseNew York. Ngiya ebhodini noMcNamara noColby. UStanley Resor, wayenguNobhala Wezokuvikela waseNixon, kwathi lapho ekugcineni sidlulisa iSivumelwano Sokuvivinywa Okuphelele, weza wathi, “Uyajabula manje, Alice?” Ngoba ngangiyisikhohlakali esinje!

Ngakho-ke noma kunjalo, ngangikhona neLawyers Alliance, futhi iSoviet Union ngaphansi kukaGorbachev yayimise ukuhlolwa kwenuzi. Babenemashi eKazakhstan eyayiholwa yilembongi yaseKazakh u-Olzhas Suleimenov, ngoba abantu baseSoviet Union babephatheke kabi eKazakhstan. Babenomdlavuza omningi nokukhubazeka kokuzalwa kanye nodoti emphakathini wabo. Futhi bamasha futhi bayeka ukuhlolwa kwenuzi.

UGorbachev uthe, "Kulungile, ngeke sisakwenza lokhu."

Futhi kwakungaphansi komhlaba ngaleso sikhathi, ngoba uKennedy wayefuna ukuqeda ukuhlolwa kwenuzi futhi babengamvumeli. Ngakho-ke bagcina ukuvivinya kuphela emoyeni, kepha kwahamba ngomshoshaphansi, futhi senza izivivinyo eziyinkulungwane ngemuva kokungena ngomshoshaphansi emhlabeni ongcwele waseWestern Shoshone eNevada, futhi kwavuza futhi kwafaka ushevu emanzini. Ngisho, bekungeyona into enhle ukuyenza.

Ngakho-ke siye kuCongress ngathi, “Lalela. IRussia, ”- abameli bethu i-Alliance, besinokuxhumana lapho -“ iRussia ime, ”(niyazi iSoviet Union ngemuva). "Kufanele siyeke."

Futhi bathi, "Hhayi, awunakwethemba amaRussia."

Ngakho-ke uBill de Wind - owayengumsunguli we-Lawyers Alliance for Nuclear Arms Control, wayengumongameli weNew York City Bar Association, futhi wayeyingxenye yamaDashi de Wind's ayenengxenye ye-Hudson, niyazi, abafuduki bokuqala, abadala impela -wine American - wakhuphula izigidi eziyisishiyagalombili zamaRandi kubangani bakhe, wahlanganisa iqembu labasiki bomhlaba sase saya eSoviet Union - isithunywa - futhi sahlangana neSoviet Lawyers Association kanye nohulumeni waseSoviet futhi bavuma ukuvumela abasolwa bethu base-America ukuze ibekwe nxazonke esizeni seKazakh Test, ukuze sikwazi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ngabe sikopela futhi sibuyele kuCongress ngathi, "Kulungile, akufanele uthembe amaRussia. Sinososayensi bokuzamazama komhlaba abaya lapho. ”

Futhi iCongress yavuma ukumisa ukuhlolwa kwenuzi. Lokhu bekufana nokunqoba okumangalisayo. Kepha njengakho konke ukunqoba, kuza nezindleko abazomisa balinde izinyanga eziyi-15, futhi inqobo nje uma ukuphepha nokwethembeka kwesikhali nezindleko nezinzuzo, bangaba nenketho yokwenza ezinye izivivinyo zenuzi eziyi-15 ngemuva kwalokhu kumiswa.

Futhi sithe kufanele simise izivivinyo zenuzi eziyi-15, ngoba kungaba wukholo olubi ngeSoviet Union ebivumela ososayensi bethu bokusizakala komhlaba ukuthi ngingene futhi bengisemhlanganweni - iqembu manje selibizwa ngokuthi yi-Alliance on Nuclear Accountability - kepha ngaleso sikhathi i-Military Production Network, futhi kwakuyizindawo zonke zase-US ezinjenge-Oak Ridge, iLivermore, iLos Alamos ezazenza ibhomu, futhi ngangishiye umthetho ngemuva kokuvakasha kweSoviet. Isazi sezomnotho singibuze ukuthi ngingabasiza yini ukusungula i-Economist's Against the Arms Race. Ngakho ngaba umqondisi omkhulu. Benginabaholi abayi-15 beNobel neGalbraith, futhi sijoyine le nethiwekhi ukwenza iphrojekthi yokuguqula, njengokuguqulwa kwezomnotho esikhungweni sezikhali zenuzi, futhi ngathola imali eningi evela kuMcArthur nasePlowshares - bayakuthanda lokhu - futhi ngiya emhlanganweni wokuqala futhi sinomhlangano futhi sithi manje kufanele simise izivivinyo zokuphepha eziyi-15 kanti uDarryl Kimball, owayengumphathi we-Physicians for Social Responsibility ngaleso sikhathi wathi, “Hawu, cha Alice. Yiso leso isivumelwano. Bazokwenza izivivinyo eziyi-15 zokuphepha. ”

Futhi ngathi angivumelananga nalesi sivumelwano, noSteve Schwartz owaba ngumhleli we-The Bulletin of Atomic Scientists, kodwa ngalesosikhathi wayenoGreenpeace, wathi, “Kungani singasikhiphi isikhangiso esigcwele ikhasi ku-The INew York Times ithi 'Ungayikhanyi iBill', noBill Clinton ephethe i-saxophone yakhe. Bonke babemkhombisa ngokuqhuma kwenuzi okuphuma kwi-sax yakhe. Ngakho-ke ngibuyela eNew York, futhi ngikanye nabezomnotho, futhi nginezindawo zamahhovisi zamahhala - bengivame ukubiza laba bantu ngosozigidi bamakhomanisi, bebengamanxele kakhulu kodwa benemali eningi futhi benginikeza mahhala isikhala sehhovisi, bese ngingena ekhanda, ehhovisi likaJack, ngathi, “Jack, simisiwe kodwa uClinton uzophinde enze ezinye izivivinyo eziyi-15 zokuphepha, futhi kufanele sikuyeke.”

Futhi uthi, "Yini okufanele siyenze?"

Ngithe, "Sidinga isikhangiso esigcwele ikhasi eNew York Times."

Yathi, "Yimalini?"

Ngithe, "$ 75,000".

Uthe, "Ngubani ozoyikhokhela?"

Ngithe, "Wena noMurray noBob."

Uthi, “Kulungile, babize. Uma bethi kulungile, ngizofaka i25. ”

Futhi ngemizuzu eyishumi ngiyayiphakamisa, futhi sinoposta. Uyabona, 'Ungayiqhumisi Ibhili' futhi yaqhubeka izikibha nezinkomishi namaphakethe egundane. Kwakukuzo zonke izinhlobo zokuthengisa, futhi abakaze benze izivivinyo ezengeziwe eziyi-15. Siyimisile. Kwaphela.

Futhi-ke ngenkathi uClinton esayina iComprehensive Test-Ban Thery, okuwumkhankaso omkhulu, babenomuntu okhahlela lapho lapho anikeza khona i-6 billion dollars kuma-labs izivivinyo ezibucayi nezivivinyo zaselebhu, futhi abakaze bayeke ngempela , uyazi.

Uthe izivivinyo ezinqala azisona isivivinyo ngoba bavunguzela ama-plutonium ngamakhemikhali futhi bathande i-30 yabo esevele isendaweni yaseNevada kodwa ngoba ayinalo ukusabela kwe-chain, yathi akusona isivivinyo. Njengo- "Angizange ngithole i-inhale", "angizange ngilwenze ucansi" futhi "angihloli".

Ngakho-ke, ngenxa yalokho, i-India yahlola, ngoba bethi asikwazi ukuba ne-Comprehensive Test-Ban Sivumelwano ngaphandle kokuthi sinqande izivivinyo ezingaphansi kanye nokuhlolwa kwelebhu, ngoba buthule ibhomu labo lalingaphansi, kodwa abakwazanga ' t kithi, futhi abafunanga ukusala ngemuva.

Futhi sikwenzile lokho ngenxa yokuphikisa kwabo, noma ngabe udinga imvume engenasisekelo eKomitini leNhlangano Yezikhali eGeneva, bayikhipha ekomitini bayiletha e-UN. Abe-CTBT, bavule ukuthi isayinwe futhi i-India yathi, "Uma ungayishintshi, asiyisayini."

Futhi ezinyangeni eziyisithupha kamuva noma bake bahlola, balandelwa yiPakistan ngakho-ke kwakungelinye ikratshi, isentshonalanga, ikoloni elimhlophe…

Empeleni, ngizokutshela indaba yomuntu siqu. Sibe nephathi eKomidini le-NGO Yezokulwa Nezikhali, ama-cocktails, ukwamukela uRichard Butler, inxusa lase-Australia elalikhiphe eKomidini ngenxa yokuphikisana ne-India layiletha ku-UN, futhi ngimi futhi ngikhuluma naye nawo wonke umuntu ngiphuza kancane, ngathi, "Uzokwenzenjani ngeNdiya?"

Uthi, "Ngisanda kubuya eWashington futhi nganginoSandy Berger." Insizwa yezokuphepha kaClinton. “Sizobhuqa i-India. Sizobhuqa i-India. ”

Ukushilo kabili kanjena, futhi ngathi, "Uqonde ukuthini?" Ngiqonde ukuthi i-India ayi ...

Futhi ungiqabula esihlathini esisodwa bese uyangiqabula kwesinye isihlathi. Uyazi, umfana omude, obukekayo futhi siyahlehla futhi ngiyacabanga, ukube bengingumfana ubengeke angimise ngaleyo ndlela. Ungivimbele ukuthi ngiphikisane naye kodwa lokho bekungumqondo. Kusengumqondo. Yileso simo sengqondo sokuzikhukhumeza, saseNtshonalanga, sekholoni esigcina konke kusendaweni.

Sitshele ngokudalwa kokuQeda i-2000

Lokhu kwakukuhle kakhulu. Sonke safika ku-NPT ngo-1995. Isivumelwano sokungasabalali saxoxisana ngo-1970, kwathi amazwe amahlanu, i-US, iRussia, iChina, iNgilandi neFrance bathembisa ukunikela ngezikhali zabo zenuzi uma umhlaba wonke ungeke ubathole, futhi wonke umuntu usayine lesi sivumelwano, ngaphandle kweNdiya, iPakistan kanye ne-Israel, bahamba bazithathela amabhomu abo, kepha isivumelwano besinaso lesi sivumelwano seFaustian sokuthi uma ungasayina isivumelwano sizokunikeza okhiye bebhomu ifektri, ngoba sibanikeze lokho okuthiwa "amandla enuzi anokuthula."

Futhi yilokho okwenzekile ngeNyakatho Korea, bathole amandla abo enuzi anokuthula. Baphumile, benza ibhomu. Besikhathazekile ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi i-Iran ikwenza lokho ngoba bebecebisa i-uranium yabo noma kunjalo.

Ngakho-ke isivumelwano sesizophela, futhi sonke siza kwi-UN, futhi lesi yisikhathi sami sokuqala e-UN. Angazi lutho nge-UN, ngihlangana nabantu abavela kuwo wonke umhlaba, nabasunguli abaningi bokuqedwa kuka-2000. Futhi kukhona umuntu onolwazi kakhulu lapho ovela kwi-Union of Concerned Scientists, uJonathan Dean, owaye owayeyinxusa. Futhi sonke saba nomhlangano, ama-NGO. Ngisho ukuthi basibiza ngama-NGO, izinhlangano ezingekho ngaphansi kukahulumeni, leso yisihloko sethu. Asiyona inhlangano “esingeyona”, uyazi.

Ngakho-ke silapha noJonathan Dean, futhi uthi, "Uyazi, thina ma-NGOs kufanele sibhale isitatimende."

Futhi sithe, "Hawu yebo."

Uthi, “Nginokusalungiswa.” Uyakhipha, kube yiwona I-Uber Alles yase-US, kungukulawulwa kwezingalo ingunaphakade. Akuzange kucelwe ukuqedwa, futhi sathi, "Cha, asikwazi ukusayina lokhu."

Futhi sahlangana sabhala isitatimende sethu, cishe esiyishumi kuthi, uJacqui Cabasso, uDavid Krieger, uqobo lwami, u-Alyn Ware.

Sonke besingabantu besikhathi esidala, futhi sasingenayo ngisho ne-inthanethi ngaleso sikhathi. Sikuthumele ngefeksi kwathi ekupheleni komhlangano wamasonto amane izinhlangano ezingamakhulu ayisithupha zase zisayine futhi esitatimendeni sacela isivumelwano sokuqeda izikhali zenuzi ngonyaka ka-2000. Siyavuma ukuxhumana okungenakuqhathaniswa phakathi kwezikhali zenuzi namandla enuzi, futhi wacela ukuqedwa kwamandla enuzi nokusungulwa kwe-International Renewable Energy Agency.

Sibe sesihlela ke. Bengisebenza okungenzi nzuzo, bengizoshiya ezomnotho. Bengine-GRACE, iGlobal Resource Action Center yeZemvelo. Ngakho-ke uDavid Krieger wayenguNobhala wokuqala eNuclear Age Peace Foundation, wabe esethuthela kimi, eGRACE. Siyigcine cishe iminyaka emihlanu. Angicabangi ukuthi uDavid ubeneminyaka emihlanu, kepha bekufana nesikhathi seminyaka emihlanu. Ngemuva kwalokho sayisusa, uyazi, siyazama, besingafuni ukuphumelela…

Futhi lapho ngise-GRACE, sithole i-ejensi yezamandla eqhubekayo. Besiyingxenye ye…

Sijoyine iKhomishini Yezentuthuko Esimeme, futhi sanxenxa futhi sakhipha lo mbiko omuhle ngemibhalo yaphansi eyi-188, ngo-2006, eyathi, amandla asimeme kungenzeka manje, futhi kuseyiqiniso futhi ngicabanga ukuphinda ngiwuzungeze lowo mbiko ngoba akusikho lokho sekuphele isikhathi. Futhi ngicabanga ukuthi kufanele sikhulume ngemvelo nesimo sezulu namandla aqhubekayo, kanye nezikhali zenuzi, ngoba sikule ndawo ebucayi. Singabhubhisa umhlaba wethu wonke ngezikhali zenuzi noma ngezinhlekelele zesimo sezulu eziyinhlekelele. Ngakho-ke sengibandakanyeke kakhulu emaqenjini ahlukene azama ukuletha umyalezo ndawonye.

Imiphi iminikelo emihle evela ku-Abolition 2000?

Okuhle kakhulu ukuthi sabhala umhlangano wezikhali zenuzi oyisibonelo nabameli nososayensi kanye nezishoshovu nabenzi benqubomgomo, futhi kwaba yincwadi esemthethweni ye-UN, futhi yayinesivumelwano; nakhu nina bafana okufanele nikusayine.

Vele, kungaxoxiswana kodwa okungenani sibeke imodeli ukuze ibonwe ngabantu. Kwahamba umhlaba wonke. Futhi ukufezekiswa kwamandla okusimeme ngenye indlela…

Ngisho ukuthi lezo bekuyizinhloso zethu ezimbili. Manje kwenzekeni ngo-1998. Wonke umuntu usho kahle, "ukuqedwa kuka-2000." Sithe kufanele sibe nesivumelwano ngonyaka ka-2000. Ngo -95, uzokwenzenjani ngegama lakho? Ngakho-ke ngathi ake sithole izinhlangano ezingama-2000 futhi sizothi singama-2000, ukuze sigcine igama. Ngakho ngicabanga ukuthi bekukuhle. Kuzoxhumana. Kwakunamazwe amaningi. Kwakungeyona neze-hierarchical. Ihhovisi likanobhala lasuka kimi laya eSteve Staples eCanada, labe selisiya kuPax Christi ePennsylvania, uDavid Robinson - akekho eduze - kwase kuthi uSusi walithatha, manje seliku-IPB. Kepha okwamanje, ukugxila kwe-Abolition 2000 bekugxile kakhulu kwi-NPT, futhi manje lo mkhankaso omusha we-ICAN ukhule ngoba abakaze bahloniphe izethembiso zabo.

Ngisho no-Obama. UClinton wenza isivumelwano seComprehensive Test Ban Treaty: sasingahlanganisi konke, sasingavimbeli ukuhlolwa. U-Obama wathembisa, ngesivumelwano sakhe esincane asenza lapho beqeda khona izikhali eziyi-1500, ama-trillion amadola eminyakeni eyishumi ezayo yezimboni ezimbili ezintsha zamabhomu eKansas nase-Oak Ridge, nezindiza, imikhumbi-ngwenya, imicibisholo, amabhomu. Ngakho-ke kunomfutho omkhulu, izimpi zenuzi lapho, futhi kuyahlanya. Awukwazi ukuzisebenzisa. Sasizisebenzisa kabili kuphela.

Yini amaphutha amakhulu e-NPT?

Yebo kukhona igebe ngoba alithembisi. Izikhali zamakhemikhali nezebhayoloji [izivumelwano] zithi azivunyelwe, azikho emthethweni, azikho emthethweni, awukwazi ukuba nazo, awukwazi ukuzabelana ngazo, awukwazi ukuzisebenzisa. I-NPT isanda kuthi, thina mazwe amahlanu, sizokwenza imizamo yokwethembeka - lelo limi - lokulwa nezikhali zenuzi. Ngangikwelinye iqembu labameli, iThe Lawyers Committee for Nuclear Policy eyaphonsela inselelo amazwe ezikhali zenuzi. Silethe icala eNkantolo Yomhlaba, futhi iNkantolo Yomhlaba yasiphoxa ngoba bashiya isikhala lapho. Bathe, izikhali zenuzi ngokuvamile azikho emthethweni - lokho kufana nokuba nokukhulelwa ngokuvamile - base bethi, "Asikwazi ukusho ukuthi akukho emthethweni uma kwenzeka lokho kuphila kombuso kusengozini."

Ngakho-ke bavumela ukuphazamiseka, futhi kulapho kwafika khona umqondo weSivumelwano Sokuvinjelwa. “Lalelani. Azikho emthethweni kumele sibe nombhalo othi uvinjelwe njengamakhemikhali nezinto eziphilayo. ”

Sithole usizo oluningi kwi-International Red Cross eshintshe ingxoxo ngoba ibisizuza kakhulu. Kwakuyindlela yokuvimbela necebo lezempi. Kulungile bayibuyisela ezingeni lomuntu lemiphumela eyinhlekelele yokusetshenziswa kwanoma isiphi isikhali senuzi. Ngakho bakhumbuze abantu ukuthi lezi zikhali zimayelana nani. Sikhohlwe ukuthi iMpi Yomshoshaphansi isiphelile.

Lokho kungenye into! Ngangicabanga ukuthi amakhaza asephelile, ukulunga kwami, uyazi, yini inkinga? Angikholwanga ukuthi bagxile kangakanani. Lolo hlelo lobunqolobane lukaClinton luza ngemuva kokuwa kodonga.

Futhi-ke babeyiqembu labantu abadala ababezizwa kabi kakhulu ngoba babelethe iNkantolo Yomhlaba [kuyo]. Ngangikulelo bhodi leKomiti Lezabameli, ngasula ngoba ngafika ngenza impikiswano yezomthetho. Babengasisekeli isivumelwano seBan Treaty ngoba babetshalwe imali kakhulu kulokho ababekwenzile eNkantolo Yomhlaba kangangokuthi babezama ukuphikisana, “Yebo, vele abekho emthethweni futhi asidingi sivumelwano sokuthi kuvinjelwe. ”

Futhi ngacabanga ukuthi lelo kwakungeyona isu elihle lokushintsha ingxoxo futhi ngachithwa. “Awazi ukuthi ukhuluma ngani. Angikaze ngizwe lutho oluyisiwula. ”

Ngakho-ke ngayiyeka iKomidi Lama-Lawyers on Nuclear Policy ngoba lokho kwakuhlekisa.

I-NPT inephutha ngenxa yezimo zezikhali zenuzi ze5.

Kwesokudla. Kufana nokuthi uMkhandlu Wezokuphepha ulimele. Yizifunda ezinhlanu ezifanayo eMkhandlwini Wezokuphepha we-UN. Uyazi, laba ngabanqobi eMpini Yezwe II, futhi izinto ziyashintsha. Okuguqukile, engikuthandayo, ukuthi iSivumelwano Sokuvinjelwa kwaxoxiswana ngaso nge-General Assembly. Sidlule uMkhandlu Wezokuphepha, sadlula amavoti amahlanu, savota futhi izizwe eziyi-122 zavota.

Manje inqwaba yezikhali zenuzi zaseMelika zaduba. Bakwenza, baduba, nesambulela senuzi okuyisivumelwano seNATO, kanye namazwe amathathu ase-Asia: i-Australia, iSouth Korea kanye neJapan bangaphansi kokuvinjelwa kwenuzi yaseMelika.

Ngakho-ke basisekela obekungajwayelekile impela futhi okungakaze kubikwe engicabanga ukuthi bekuyimbumbulu, lapho beqala ukuvota eMhlanganweni Jikelele ukuthi ngabe kufanele yini kube nezingxoxo, iNorth Korea yavota yebo. Akekho noyedwa owabika lokho. Ngangicabanga ukuthi lokho kwakubalulekile, babethumela isignali yokuthi bafuna ukuvimba ibhomu. Kwathi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi badonsa… UTrump wakhethwa, izinto zasangana.

Engqungqutheleni ye-2015 NPT iNingizimu Afrika inikeze isitatimende esibaluleke kakhulu

Isivumelwano seBan sase siqale. Sibe nalo mhlangano e-Oslo, bese kuba nomunye umhlangano eMexico bese iNingizimu Afrika yanikeza leyo nkulumo e-NPT lapho bethi lokhu kufana nobandlululo lwenuzi. Asikwazi ukuqhubeka sibuyele kulo mhlangano lapho kungekho muntu ogcina izethembiso zakhe zokuphucwa izikhali zenuzi kanye nezikhali zezikhali zenuzi ezibambe bonke abanye abantu basemhlabeni ngamabhomu abo enuzi.

Futhi lokho bekungumfutho omkhulu kakhulu siya emhlanganweni wase-Austria lapho sithole nesitatimende esivela kuPapa Francis. Ngisho ukuthi lokho kuyishintshe impela ingxoxo, kanti iVatican yayivotela ngesikhathi sezingxoxo futhi yafaka izitatimende ezinhle, kwathi uPapa kuze kube yileso sikhathi wayehlala njalo esekela inqubomgomo yokunqanda i-US, futhi bathi ukuvimbela kwakulungile, kwakulungile izikhali zenuzi ukube ubuzisebenzisa ukuzivikela, lapho ukusinda kwakho kusengozini. Yilokho kuphela okwenziwe yiNkantolo Yomhlaba. Manje sekuphelile manje.

Ngakho-ke kunengxoxo entsha yonke eyenzekayo manje futhi sesivele sinamazwe ayishumi nesishiyagalolunye akwenzile lokho, futhi amashumi ayisikhombisa noma ngaphezulu asisayinile, futhi sidinga i-50 ukuyivuma ngaphambi kokuthi iqale ukusebenza.

Enye into ehehayo, uma uthi, "Silinde i-India ne-Pakistan." Asilindi i-India ne-Pakistan. NjengaseNdiya sayikhipha i-CTBT eKomidini Lezokulwa Nezikhali yize bayivotela. Manje sizama ukwenza into efanayo ngePakistan.

Bafuna lesi sivumelwano sinqume izinto ezi-fissile ngezinhloso zezikhali, kanti nePakistan ithi, "Uma ungeke ukwenze konke, ngeke sishiywe ngaphandle komjaho we-plutonium."

Futhi manje bacabanga ukweqa iPakistan, kepha iChina neRussia baphakamise ngo-2008 nango-2015 isivumelwano sokuvimbela izikhali esikhaleni, futhi i-US yasiphikisa eKomidini Lezikhali. Akukho ngxoxo. Ngeke size sikuvumele ukuthi kuxoxwe ngakho. Akekho oletha isivumelwano kwi-UN mayelana nokuphikisana kwethu. Yithi kuphela izwe elizizwayo.

Futhi ngicabanga ukuthi, lapho sibheke phambili manje, sizofika kanjani ngempela ekulweni nezikhali zenuzi? Uma singeke sibuphulukise ubudlelwano be-US-Russian futhi sikhulume iqiniso ngakho sizolahlwa ngoba cishe kunezikhali zenuzi eziyi-15,000 emhlabeni kanti eziyi-14,000 zise-US nase Russia. Ngiqonde ukuthi wonke amanye amazwe anenkulungwane phakathi kwawo: yiChina, iNgilandi, iFrance, i-Israyeli, i-India, iPakistan, iNyakatho Korea, kepha singama gorilla amakhulu ebhlokini futhi bengilokhu ngifunda lobu budlelwano. Ngimangele.

Okokuqala ngo-1917 uWoodrow Wilson wathumela amasosha angama-30,000 1917 eSt. Ngiqonde ukuthi besenzani lapho ngo-XNUMX? Lokhu kufana nokuthi ubungxiwankulu bebusaba. Uyazi ukuthi wayengekho uStalin, kwakukhona abalimi nje ababezama ukuqeda uTsar.

Noma kunjalo kwaba yinto yokuqala engayibona eyangimangaza ukuthi sasinobutha neRussia, kwathi emva kweMpi Yezwe II lapho thina neSoviet Union sinqoba iJalimane lamaNazi, futhi samisa iZizwe Ezihlangene ukuqeda isihlava sempi , futhi kwakuyiphupho nje. UStalin wathi kuTruman, "Jika ibhomu phezu kwe-UN," ngoba besisanda kulisebenzisa, iHiroshima, iNagasaki, futhi lokho kwakuyitheknoloji esabekayo. UTruman uthe "cha".

Ngakho-ke uStalin wathola ibhomu lakhe. Wayengeke asale ngemuva, kwathi lapho udonga lwehla, uGorbachev noReagan bahlangana bathi asihlukane nazo zonke izikhali zethu zenuzi, uReagan wathi, "Yebo, umqondo omuhle lowo."

UGorbachev uthe, "Kodwa ungayenzi i-Star Wars."

Sinombhalo engithemba ukuthi uzowukhombisa ngesinye isikhathi i- “Vision 2020” okuyi-US Space Command enezitatimende zayo, ukulawula nokulawula izintshisekelo zase-US emkhathini, ukuvikela izintshisekelo ze-US kanye nokutshalwa kwemali. Ngisho ukuthi abanamahloni. Yilokho okushiwo isitatimende semishini esivela e-US ngokuyisisekelo. Ngakho-ke uGorbachev wathi, "Yebo, kodwa ungayenzi i-Star Wars."

UReagan wathi, "Angikwazi ukukuyeka."

Ngakho-ke uGorbachev uthe, "Ungakhohlwa ngokuhlaselwa kwezikhali zenuzi."

Futhi-ke babekhathazeke kakhulu ngeMpumalanga Jalimane lapho udonga luphansi, njengoba babehlangene neNtshonalanga Jalimane futhi babe yingxenye yeNATO ngoba iRussia yalahlekelwa ngabantu abayizigidi ze-29 ngesikhathi seMpi Yezwe II ekuhlaselweni yiNazi.

Angikukholwa lokho. Ngisho ukuthi ngingumJuda, sikhuluma ngathi ngabantu abayizigidi eziyisithupha. Kubi kanjani! Ngubani owezwa ngabantu abayizigidi ezingamashumi amabili nesishiyagalolunye? Ngisho, bheka okwenzekile, silahlekelwe yi-3,000 eNew York neWorld Trade Center, saqala iMpi Yezwe 7.

Noma kunjalo uReagan wathi kuGorbachev, “Ungakhathazeki. Vumelani i-East Germany ihlangane neNtshonalanga Jalimani bese ningena kwiNATO futhi siyanethembisa ukuthi ngeke sinandise i-NATO intshi eyodwa empumalanga. "

Futhi uJack Matlock oyinxusa likaReagan eRussia wabhala i-op-ed kuThe Times ekuphinda lokhu. Angikwenzi nje lokhu. Futhi manje sineNATO kuze kufike emngceleni waseRussia!

Kwathi ngemuva kokuba siziqhayise ngegciwane lethu leStuxnet, uPutin wathumela incwadi oh noma ngaphambi kwalokho.

UPutin ubuze uClinton ukuthi, "Masihlangane sizinqume izinkulungwane zamasosha, sibizele bonke abantu etafuleni ukuthi baxoxisane ngokuhlaselwa kwezikhali zenuzi, kepha ungafaki imicibisholo e-Eastern Europe."

Ngoba bebevele beqala ukuxoxisana neRomania ngesisekelo semishini.

UClinton uthe, "Ngeke ngikuthembise lokho."

Ngakho-ke lokho kwaba ukuphela kwalowo mnikelo, wabe uPutin ecela u-Obama ukuthi axoxisane ngesivumelwano se-cyberpace. “Masingabi nayo impi ye-cyber,” futhi sathi cha.

Futhi uma ubheka okwenziwa yiMelika manje ezilungiselela ukulwa ne-cyber war, azilwela ukulwa ne-Russia zida zempi yenuzi, futhi uma ngikwazi, ngingathanda ukufunda ukuthi uPutin wathini ngesikhathi esethula inkulumo yakhe ethi State of the Union ngoMashi.

Siyamudemoni, siyamsola ngokhetho okuyinto engenangqondo. Ngisho ukuthi yi-Electoral College. UGore uwine ukhetho, sigxeka uRalph Nader owayengusanta waseMelika. Usinike umoya ohlanzekile, amanzi ahlanzekile. Ngemuva kwalokho uHillary walunqoba ukhetho futhi sisola iRussia esikhundleni sokulungisa i-Electoral College yethu ebambelela kwabamhlophe, ababezama ukulawula amandla aziwayo. Njengoba nje sasusa ubugqila, futhi abesifazane bathola ivoti, kufanele sisuse i-Electoral College.

Noma kunjalo ngoMashi, uPutin wathi, "Emuva ngonyaka we-2000 i-US yamemezela ukuhoxa kwayo esivumelwaneni semicibisholo yokulwa ne-ballistic." (UBush uphume kuyo). “IRussia ibiphikisana nalokhu ngokweqile. Sibone iSivumelwano SaseSoviet-US ABM esisayinwe ngonyaka we-1972 njengetshe legumbi lohlelo lwamazwe omhlaba kanye neSivumelwano Sokwehlisa Izikhali, iSivumelwano se-ABM asigcinanga nje ngokwakha umoya wokuthembana kepha saphinde savimbela noma yiliphi iqembu ekusebenziseni budedengu izikhali zenuzi ezazizobeka engcupheni isintu. Senze konke okusemandleni ethu ukunqanda abaseMelika ekuhozeni lesi sivumelwano. Konke ngeze. I-US yaphuma esivumelwaneni ngo-2002, nangemva kwalokho sazama ukwakha izingxoxo ezakhayo nabaseMelika. Siphakamise ukuthi sisebenzisane kule ndawo ukunciphisa ukukhathazeka nokugcina umoya wokwethembana. Ngesinye isikhathi bengicabanga ukuthi ukuvumelana kungenzeka, kepha lokhu bekungafanele. Zonke iziphakamiso zethu, zonke zinqatshiwe sabe sesithi kuzofanele sithuthukise uhlelo lwethu lwesimanje lokuvikela ukuze siphephe ukuphepha kwethu. ”

Futhi bakwenzile futhi lokho sikusebenzisa njengezaba zokwakha ezempi, lapho sithole ithuba elihle lokumisa umjaho wezikhali. Ngaso sonke isikhathi babekunikela lokho kithi, futhi isikhathi ngasinye sasikwenqaba.

Ubaluleke ngani weSivumelwano Sokuvimbela?

O, manje singasho ukuthi abekho emthethweni, bavinjelwe. Akukona uhlobo oluthile lolimi olufisa ukugeza. Ngakho-ke singakhuluma ngamandla. I-US ayikaze isayine isivumelwano sezimayini, kodwa asisazenzi futhi asizisebenzisi.

Ngakho-ke sizolicwilisa ibhomu, futhi kunemikhankaso ethile emangazayo, ikakhulukazi umkhankaso wokwehlukaniswa. Sifunda kubangani bamandla ezimbiwa phansi ababethi akufanele utshale imali kuzikhali zenuzi, futhi uhlasele isakhiwo senkampani. Futhi sinephrojekthi enhle evela e-ICAN, iDon Bank on the Bomb, ekhishwa eNetherlands, ePax Christi, futhi lapha eNew York saba nokuhlangenwe nakho okuhle kakhulu.

Saya eMkhandlwini wethu weDolobha ukuyobhidliza. Sikhulume nosihlalo wezezimali womkhandlu, wathi uzobhalela uComptroller incwadi - olawula lonke utshalomali lwempesheni yedolobha, izigidigidi zamaRandi - uma singathola amalungu omkhandlu ayishumi ukuba asayine naye. Ngakho-ke sasinekomidi elincane elivela e-ICAN, futhi kwakungewona umsebenzi omkhulu, futhi saqala nje ukushaya izingcingo, futhi sathola iningi, njengamalungu angama-28 oMkhandlu Wedolobha, ukusayina le ncwadi.

Ngishayele umkhansela wami, bangitshela ukuthi usekhefini lobaba. Wayenengane yakhe yokuqala. Ngakho-ke ngimbhalele incwadi ende ngithi yisiphi isipho esihle enganeni yakho ukuba nezwe elingenayo inuzi uma uzosayina le ncwadi, wayesesayina.

Kwakulula. Kwakukuhle impela ukuthi sikwenzile lokho…

Futhi nasezifundazweni zeNATO, ngeke bakumele lokhu. Ngeke bayimele ngoba abantu abazi nokuthi sinezikhali zenuzi zaseMelika ezifundazweni ezinhlanu zeNATO: i-Italy, iBelgium, iHolland, iJalimane neTurkey. Futhi abantu abakwazi nalokhu, kepha manje sithola imiboniso, abantu bayaboshwa, imisebenzi yokulima ngamakhuba, bonke laba ndelakazi nabapristi namaJesuit, inhlangano elwa nempi, futhi kwaba nombukiso omkhulu wesisekelo saseJalimane, futhi kwaziwa futhi ngicabanga ukuthi lokho kuzoba ngenye indlela yokuvusa intshisekelo yabantu, ngoba yahamba. Babengacabangi ngakho. Uyazi, impi yayisiphelile, futhi akekho owayazi ngempela ukuthi siphila nalezi zinto zikhomba omunye nomunye, futhi akukona nokuthi izosetshenziswa ngamabomu, ngoba ngiyangabaza ukuthi ukhona yini umuntu ongakwenza lokho, kodwa nokwenzeka kwezingozi. Singaba nenhlanhla.

Besiphila ngaphansi kwenkanyezi enenhlanhla. Kunezindaba eziningi kakhulu zokuphuthelwa okuseduze nalokhu uColonel Petrov waseRussia owayeyiqhawe elinjalo. Wayesesilo se-missile, futhi wabona okuthile okukhombisa ukuthi babehlaselwa yithi, futhi kwakufanele adedele wonke amabhomu akhe ngokumelene neNew York neBoston kanye neWashington, walinda futhi kwaba yinkinga yekhompyutha, futhi uze wakhuzwa ngokungalandeli imiyalelo.

EMelika, cishe eminyakeni emithathu edlule, kwakukhona iMinot Air Force Base, eNyakatho Dakota, sasinendiza eyayilayishwe imicibisholo eyisithupha eyayilayishwe izikhali zenuzi eya eLouisiana ngengozi. Ibilahlekile amahora angama-6, futhi bebengazi nokuthi ikuphi.

Sinenhlanhla nje. Siphila kumnandi. Lokhu kufana nezinto zabafana. Kubi. Kufanele siyeke.

Yini abantu abavamile abangayenza?  World Beyond War.

Ngicabanga ukuthi kufanele sandise ingxoxo, yingakho ngisebenza ngaphakathi World Beyond War, ngoba yinethiwekhi entsha emangalisayo ezama ukwenza ukuphela kwempi emhlabeni kube yisikhathi sesikhathi sayo, futhi benza nomkhankaso wokwehlukanisa, hhayi nje owenuzi kepha konke, futhi basebenza neCode Pink okuyinto enhle . Banomkhankaso omusha wokuhlukanisa ongajoyina.

Ngiyamazi uMedea (Benjamin) iminyaka. Ngahlangana naye eBrazil. Ngahlangana naye lapho, ngaya eCuba, ngoba ngaleso sikhathi wayeqhuba lolu hambo oluya eCuba. Uyisishoshovu esihle kakhulu.

Ngakho-ke noma kunjalo World Beyond War is www.worldbeyondwar.org. Joyina. Bhalisela.

Kunezinto eziningi ongayenzela yona, noma ngayo. Ungayibhalela, noma ukhulume ngayo, noma ubhalise abantu abaningi. Ngangisenhlanganweni ebizwa ngokuthi yi-The Hunger Project ngo-1976 futhi lokho kwakwenzelwe futhi ukuthi ukuphela kwendlala emhlabeni kube yisikhathi sokuthi isikhathi sakhe sesifikile, futhi besilokhu sibhalisa abantu, futhi sibeka amaqiniso. Yilokhu World Beyond War enza, izinganekwane mayelana nempi: akunakugwenywa, ayikho indlela yokuyiqeda. Futhi-ke izixazululo.

Futhi sikwenze lokho ngendlala, futhi sathi indlala ayinakugwenywa. Kukhona ukudla okwanele, inani labantu alinankinga ngoba abantu bakhawulela ngokuzenzakalela ubukhulu bemindeni yabo uma bazi ukuthi bayondliwa. Ngakho-ke besinawo wonke lawa maqiniso ebesilokhu siwafaka emhlabeni wonke. Futhi manje, asikayiqedi indlala, kepha iyingxenye yezinjongo zeMillennium Development Goals. Kungumqondo ohloniphekile. Ngenkathi sithi kuyahlekisa, futhi sithi singayiqeda impi, abantu bathi, “Musa ukuhlekisa. Ziyohlale zikhona izimpi. ”

Inhloso yonke ukukhombisa zonke izixazululo namathuba kanye nezinkoleloze ngempi nokuthi singayiqeda kanjani. Futhi ukubheka ubudlelwano be-US-Russia kuyingxenye yabo. Kufanele siqale ukukhuluma iqiniso.

Ngakho-ke kukhona lokho, futhi kukhona i-ICAN, ngoba basebenzela ukuthola le ndaba mayelana neSivumelwano Sokuvinjwa Kwezindlela ngezindlela ezihlukile. Ngakho-ke ngingahlola nakanjani lokho www.icanw.org, Umkhankaso Womhlaba Wonke Wokuqeda Izikhali Zenuzi.

Ngizama ukungena kuhlobo oluthile lwamandla endawo, amandla esimeme. Ngikwenza okuningi lokho manje, ngoba kuyabheda ukuthi sivumela lezi zinkampani ukuthi zisifake ubuthi ngenuzi kanye nezinsalela kanye ne-biomass. Zishisa ukudla lapho sinamandla amakhulu weLanga nomoya nomoya ophefumulayo kanye ne-hydro. Futhi ukusebenza kahle!

Ngakho-ke yilokho engingakutusa isishoshovu.

Yini ongabatshela yona abantu abakhungathekile ngenxa yobukhulu benkinga?

Yebo, okokuqala batshele ukuthi baqinisekise ukuthi babhalisela ukuvota. Akudingeki ukuthi banakekele izikhali zenuzi, banakekele ukuba yisakhamuzi! Bhalisela ukuvota, bese uvotela abantu abafuna ukusika izabelomali zamasosha futhi abafuna ukuhlanza imvelo. Sibe nokhetho oluhle kangaka eNew York, le Alexandria Cortes. Wayehlala endaweni yakithi endala eBronx, lapho ngakhulela khona. Yilapho ahlala khona manje futhi usanda kuba nale mpi engavamile emelene nosopolitiki osungulwe ngokoqobo, futhi kungenxa yokuthi abantu bavote. Abantu babekhathalela.

Ngakho-ke ngicabanga ukuthi, ukukhuluma njengomuntu waseMelika, bekufanele ngabe sidinga i-Civics kubo bonke abaphezulu esikoleni esiphakeme, futhi kufanele sibe namavoti amaphepha kuphela, futhi njengabantu abadala beza okhethweni babala amavoti amaphepha, bese bebhalisela ukuvota. Ngakho-ke bangafunda izibalo, futhi bangabhalisela ukuvota, futhi akumele neze sikhathazeke ngekhompyutha eyeba ivoti lethu.

Umbhedo onje uma ungavele uvote amavoti. Ngicabanga ukuthi ubuzwe bubaluleke ngempela, futhi kufanele sibheke ukuthi hlobo luni lobuzwe. Ngizwe le nkulumo enhle yowesifazane ongumSulumane eCanada. Ku- World Beyond War, senza nje ingqungquthela yaseCanada. Kufanele sicabangisise ngobudlelwano bethu nomhlaba.

Futhi ubekhuluma ngobukoloniyali obabuyela emuva eYurophu ngenkathi beneNkantolo Yamacala Ezihlubuki, futhi angikaze ngicabange ukuthi izobuyela emuva. Bengicabanga ukuthi sayiqala eMelika, kepha babeyiqala ngenkathi bexosha amaSulumane namaJuda eSpain. Futhi bebekwenza ngaleso sikhathi futhi kufanele sikucabange kabusha lokhu. Kufanele sixhumane nomhlaba, nabantu, bese siqala ukukhuluma iqiniso ngezinto, ngoba uma singathembeki ngakho, ngeke sikulungise.

Siyini isisusa sakho?

Yebo, ngicabanga ukuthi ngithe ekuqaleni. Ngesikhathi ngiqala ukuba yisishoshovu nganqoba. Ngisho ukuthi ngithathe yonke iDemocratic Party! Kuyiqiniso ukuthi abezindaba basihlulile. Saya eCongress sanqoba. Sibanikeze ukumisa okwesikhashana, kepha sihlala sihlulwa ngenkathi siphumelela.

Ngisho ukuthi kufana nezinyathelo eziyi-10 phambili, isinyathelo esisodwa emuva. Ngakho-ke yilokho okwenza ngiqhubeke. Akufani nokuthi angizange ngibe nempumelelo, kepha angizange ngibe nempumelelo yangempela yomhlaba ongenayo impi. Akuzona izikhali zenuzi kuphela, izikhali zenuzi ziyisihloko somkhonto.

Kufanele sikhiphe zonke izikhali.

Kwakukhuthaza kakhulu lapho lezi zingane zimasha zilwa neNational Rifle [Association]. Sasinabantu abayizinkulungwane eziyikhulu abamasha eNew York, futhi bonke babebancane. Bambalwa kakhulu ubudala bami. Futhi bebebhalisa abantu ukuthi bavote online. Futhi le primary primary ebesinayo eNew York, bebekhona abantu abaphindwe kabili kunabantu abavota kumabanga aphansi kunangonyaka owedlule.

Kufana nama-60s manje, abantu bayasebenza. Bayazi ukuthi kufanele. Akukhona nje ukususa izikhali zenuzi, ngoba uma sisusa impi, sizohlukana nezikhali zenuzi.

Mhlawumbe izikhali zenuzi zikhethekile kakhulu. Kufanele wazi ukuthi izidumbu zingcwatshwe kuphi, bese ulandela umkhankaso we-ICAN, kepha akudingeki ube usosayensi we-rocket ukwazi ukuthi impi iyahlekisa. Yikhulu kangaka lama-20 leminyaka!

Asikaze siyiphumelele impi kusukela ngeMpi Yesibili Yomhlaba, manje senzani lapha?

Yini okufanele ishintshe eMelika ukuze iqhubekele phambili ukulwa nempi?

Imali. Sifanele ukuyifaka kabusha. Sasivame ukuba ne-Fairness Doctrine lapho ubungeke ukwazi ukuphatha kakhulu amaza emoyeni ngoba unemali. Kufanele sibuyise okuningi kwalezi zinsiza. Ngicabanga ukuthi kufanele senze inkampani yethu kagesi eNew York ibe sesidlangalaleni. IBoulder, iColorado ikwenzile lokho, ngoba bebehlohla uphethiloli wenuzi nowezinsalela emqaleni wabo, futhi befuna umoya nelanga, futhi ngicabanga ukuthi kufanele sihlele ngokwezomnotho, ngokwenhlalo. Futhi yilokho okubonayo kusuka kuBernie.

Kuyakhula… Senze izinhlolovo zomphakathi. Amaphesenti angama-87 abantu baseMelika athe asihlukane nabo, uma wonke umuntu evuma. Ngakho-ke sinemibono yomphakathi ngasohlangothini lwethu. Kumele nje siyigqugquzele ngokusebenzisa la mabhulokhi amabi asungulwe yilokho u-Eisenhower axwayisa ngakho; eyezempi-yezimboni, kepha ngiyibiza ngokuthi yinkampani yezempi-yezimboni-yenhlangano-yezindaba. Kunokugxila okuningi.

I-Occupy Wall Street, bakhiphe le meme: i-1% uma iqhathaniswa ne-99%. Abantu bebengazi ukuthi yonke into isatshalaliswa kabi kanjani.

U-FDR wasindisa iMelika kubukhomanisi lapho enza ezokuPhepha koMphakathi. Wabelana nabanye ngengcebo, lapho-ke kwaqala ukuhaha kakhulu, noReagan ngoClinton no-Obama, yingakho uTrump ekhethwe, ngoba abantu abaningi balinyazwa.

Imicabango yokugcina

Kunento eyodwa engingazange ngikutshele yona engangijabulisa.

Eminyakeni yama-50s besisaba kakhulu ubukhomanisi. Ngaya eQueens College. Lowo kwakunguMcCarthy Era, eMelika. Ngaya eQueens College ngo-1953, futhi ngiba nengxoxo nothile, futhi uthi, “Lapha. Kufanele ufunde lokhu. ”

Futhi unginikeza le ncwajana futhi ithi “Iqembu LamaKhomanisi LaseMelika”, futhi inhliziyo yami ishaya ngamandla. Ngiyesaba. Ngisibeke isikhwama sami sezincwadi. Ngigibela ibhasi eliya ekhaya. Ngiya ngqo esitezi sesi-8, ngihambe ngiye lapho kushiselwa khona, ngiyilahle phansi ngaphandle kokubheka. Lunjalo uvalo.

Ngemuva kwalokho ku-1989 noma yini, ngemuva kokungena kukaGorbachev, bengikanye neLawyersers, ngaya okokuqala eSoviet Union.

Okokuqala, wonke umuntu wesilisa oneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-60 wayegqoke izindondo zakhe zeMpi Yomhlaba Yesibili, futhi wonke amakhona omgwaqo ayenetshe lesikhumbuzo labafileyo, abayizigidi ezingama-29, bese uya emathuneni aseLeningrad futhi kukhona amathuna amakhulu, izindunduma ezinkulu zabantu. 400,000 abantu. Ngakho-ke ngikubheka lokhu, futhi umqondisi wami wathi kimi, “Kungani nina baseMelika ningasethembi?”

Ngathi, “Kungani singakwethembi? Kuthiwani ngeHungary? Kuthiwani ngeCzechoslovakia? ”

Uyazi, umMelika oqhoshayo. Ungibuka ngezinyembezi. Uthi, "Kodwa bekumele sivikele izwe lethu eGermany."

Futhi ngabheka lo mfo, futhi lelo kwakuyiqiniso labo. Akukhona ukuthi abakwenzile kwakukuhle, kodwa ngiqonde ukuthi bebethatha isinyathelo ngenxa yokwesaba ukuhlaselwa, nokuthi bahlupheka ngani, futhi besingayitholi indaba eyiyo.

Ngakho-ke ngicabanga ukuthi uma sizokwenza ukuthula manje, kufanele siqale ukukhuluma iqiniso ngobudlelwano bethu, nokuthi ubani owenza ini kubani, futhi kufanele sikhululeke ngokwengeziwe, futhi ngicabanga ukuthi kwenzeka nge # MeToo , nezifanekiso zeConfederate, noChristopher Columbus. Ngisho ukuthi akekho owake wacabanga ngeqiniso lalokho, futhi sinjalo manje. Ngakho-ke ngicabanga ukuthi uma siqala ukubheka ukuthi kwenzekani ngempela, singenza ngokufanele.