ngu-Stephen Kinzer, Septhemba 16, 2017, Boston Globe.
Embusweni wentando yeningi, akekho okufanele aduduzeke uma ezwa ukuthi ojenene bashayele inhloko yombuso izigwegwe. Lokho kwakungakaze kwenzeke e-United States. Manje sekwenzekile.
Phakathi kwezithombe zezombangazwe ezihlala njalo zekhulu lama-20 kwakunebutho lezempi. Kwakuyiqembu lamaphoyisa ayenobuso obubi - ngokuvamile amathathu - asukuma ukuze alawule umbuso. I-junta izobekezelela izikhungo zomphakathi ezivumile ukuhlala zithobela, kodwa ekugcineni zaphoqelela intando yazo. Muva nje emashumini ambalwa eminyaka adlule, izikhulu zezempi zazibusa amazwe abalulekile ahlanganisa iChile, i-Argentina, iTurkey neGreece.
Lezi zinsuku uhlelo lwe-junta luyabuya, kuzo zonke izindawo, e-Washington. Amandla amakhulu okubumba inqubomgomo yezangaphandle nezokuphepha yaseMelika awele ezandleni zamadoda amathathu ezempi: uJenene James Mattis, unobhala wezokuvikela; General John Kelly, induna yezisebenzi zikaMongameli Trump; kanye noGeneral HR McMaster, umeluleki wezokuphepha kuzwelonke. Abafaki amaribhoni abo ukuze babuyekeze ama-parade ezempi noma bathumele amaqembu abulalayo ukuze babulale abamelene nabo, njengoba kwenza amalungu eqembu lakudala. Nokho ukuvela kwazo kukhombisa isiteji esisha sokuwohloka kwezinkambiso zethu zezombusazwe kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezempi kwenqubomgomo yethu yangaphandle. Elinye iveli liyawa.
Uma kubhekwa ukungazi kukamongameli ngezindaba zomhlaba, ukuvela kwebutho lezempi eWashington kungase kubonakale kuyimpumuzo eyamukelekayo. Phela, amalungu ayo amathathu angabantu abadala abavuthiwe abanolwazi lwamazwe ngamazwe - ngokungafani noTrump kanye nabanye bezombusazwe abahlakaniphile abamzungezile ngenkathi engena e-White House. Kakade sebenethonya eliqinisayo. UMattis uyenqaba ukujoyina ukujaha ukuqhunyiswa kwamabhomu eNyakatho Korea, uKelly ubeke isilinganiso esithile sokuhleleka kubasebenzi be-White House, kanti uMcMaster waziqhelelanisa nodumo lukaTrump lobuzwe obumhlophe ngemuva kodlame lwaseCharlottesville.
Izikhulu zezempi, njengathi sonke, ziyimikhiqizo yesizinda sazo nendawo ezungezile. La malungu amathathu eqembu likaTrump aneminyaka engu-119 esebenza egqoke umfaniswano phakathi kwawo. Ngokwemvelo babona umhlaba ngombono wezempi futhi bathola izixazululo zezempi ezinkingeni zawo. Lokho kuholela eqoqweni elihlanekezelwe lezinto eziza kuqala kuzwelonke, “nezidingo” zezempi ezihlale zibhekwa njengezibaluleke kakhulu kunezasekhaya.
UTrump ukubeke kwacaca ukuthi lapho kufanele enze izinqumo zenqubomgomo yezangaphandle, uzokhetha “ojenene bami.” UMattis, iqhawe elisha le-junta, uyinhloko yangaphambili ye-Central Command, eqondisa izimpi zaseMelika eMpumalanga Ephakathi nase-Asia Ephakathi. U-Kelly futhi ungumakadebona wase-Iraq. UMcMaster uyalele amasosha e-Iraq nase-Afghanistan cishe ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka kusukela ahola inkampani yamathangi eMpini YaseGulf ngo-1991.
Abakhuzi bezempi baqeqeshelwe ukulwa izimpi, hhayi ukunquma ukuthi ukulwa kunengqondo yini. Bangase bakwazi ukutshela u-Trump ukuthi mangaki amasosha adingekayo ukuze kuqhutshekwe nomsebenzi wethu wamanje e-Afghanistan, isibonelo, kodwa abaqeqeshelwanga ukubuza noma ukuphendula umbuzo omkhulu wokuthi ngabe le mishini iyasiza yini intshisekelo yesikhathi eside yaseMelika. Lowo ngumsebenzi wamadiplomate. Ngokungafani namasosha, umsebenzi wawo uwukubulala abantu nokuphula izinto, amanxusa aqeqeshelwa ukuxoxisana, ukuqeda izingxabano, ukuhlola ngokupholile izithakazelo zezwe kanye nezinqubomgomo zokuklama ukuze kuthuthukiswe. Naphezu kokuzithiba kukaMattis eNyakatho Korea, womathathu amalungu e-junta kaTrump akhuthaza indlela yokubhekana nempi eye yathatha isikhathi eside e-Afghanistan, Iraq nangale kwayo, ngenkathi ibhebhethekisa ukungezwani eYurophu naseMpumalanga Asia.
I-junta yethu entsha ihlukile kweyakudala efana, isibonelo, “UMkhandlu Kazwelonke Wokuthula Nokuhleleka” manje obusa i-Thailand. Okokuqala, intshisekelo ye-junta yethu iwubudlelwane bamazwe ngamazwe kuphela, hhayi inqubomgomo yasekhaya. Okwesibili, alizange liwathathele amandla ngokuketula umbuso, kodwa igunya lalo lithola emvuzweni kamongameli okhethiwe. Okwesithathu nokubaluleke kakhulu, umgomo wawo omkhulu awukona ukuphoqelela umyalo omusha kodwa ukuphoqelela omdala.
Ngenyanga edlule, uMongameli UTrump ubhekane nesinqumo esibalulekile mayelana ikusasa le Impi yaseMelika e-Afghanistan. Lokhu bekuyinkathi yoshintsho olungase lube khona. Eminyakeni emine edlule I-Trump iqoshiwe, “Asiphume e-Afghanistan.” Ukube wawulandela lowo mfutho futhi wamemezela ukuthi uletha amasosha aseMelika ekhaya, izikhulu zezombangazwe nezempi eWashington zaziyomangala. Kodwa amalungu e-junta aguqukela esenzweni. Bancenga uTrump ukuthi amemezele ukuthi esikhundleni sokuhoxa, uzokwenza okuphambene: enqabe "ukuphuma ngokushesha" e-Afghanistan, akhulise amandla amasosha, futhi aqhubeke "ebulala amaphekula."
Akumangazi ukuthi uTrump udonswe kunqubomgomo yezangaphandle; kwenzeka okufanayo nakuMongameli Obama ekuqaleni kokuphatha kwakhe. Okuthusa kakhulu ukuthi uTrump useguqule amandla akhe amaningi kojenene. Okubi nakakhulu, abaningi baseMelika bathola lokhu kuqinisekisa. Banengwa kakhulu yinkohlakalo nokungaboni ngaso linye kwesigaba sethu sepolitiki kangangokuthi baphendukela emasosheni njengenye indlela. Kuyisilingo esiyingozi.
UStephen Kinzer uyisikhulu esiphezulu e-Watson Institute for International and Public Affairs eBrown University.
