Umdlalo wevidiyo omusha we-US Air Force Lets Lets Drone Bomb Iraqis nama-Afghans

Ngu-Alan Macleod, Januwari 31, 2020

Kusukela Izindaba Zemithombo Yezindaba

TI-United States Air Force inethuluzi elisha lokuqashwa: umdlalo we-drone ophethe i-video ongadlala kuyo iwebhusayithi. Ibizwa ngokuthi i-Airman Challenge, ifaka o-16 ohambweni okumele buqede, bugxile ngamaqiniso nolwazi lokuqasha ngokuthi ungaba kanjani umuntu osebenza nge-drone ngokwakho. Emizamweni yayo yakamuva yokumaketha insizakalo kubantu abasha, abadlali badlula ohambweni behamba nezimoto zase-US bedlula emazweni anjenge-Iraq ne-Afghanistan, basebenzise ukufa okuvela phezulu kubo bonke labo “baphikisi” abaqokelwe umdlalo. Abadlali bathola izindondo kanye nezimpumelelo zokubhubhisa kahle imigomo yokuhamba. Ngaso sonke isikhathi kunenkinobho evelele yokuthi "faka manje" esikrinini uma abadlali bethanda ukufaka futhi benze iziteleka zangempela ze-drone kulo lonke Middle East.

Umdlalo wehlulekile ukuwina ngaphezulu UDavid Swanson, umqondisi wenhlangano elwa impi World Beyond War, nombhali we Impi ingamanga.

“Kuyenyanyeka ngempela, kuziphatha kabi futhi akukho emthethweni ngoba ukuqasha noma ukuqasha izingane ezingakaboshwa ukuba zihlanganyele ekubulaweni. Kuyingxenye yokujwayelekile ukubulawa kwabantu ebesikuphila ngakho, ”etshela Izindaba zeMintPress.

UTom Secker, intatheli futhi umcwaningi ethonyeni lamasiko emasikweni adumile nawo awathandwanga yiqhinga lakamuva lokuqasha i-USAF, lisitshela,

 Umdlalo we-drone ungishaye ngigula futhi ngidangele ... Ngakolunye uhlangothi, abashayeli bezindiza abaningi be-drone bachaze ukuthi ukushayela i-drones nokubulala abantu abansundu okungahleliwe kufana nokudlala umdlalo wevidiyo, ngoba uhleli endlini encane eNevada ucindezela izinkinobho, ihlukaniswe nemiphumela. Ngakho-ke ngicabanga ukuthi kukhombisa ngokunembile impilo ebuhlungu, ehlukumezekile, ebulalayo yomshayeli wendiza ye-drone, asikwazi ukuyibeka icala ngokungahambi kahle ngakunye. ”

Umdlalo uphelile

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi akuvamile, uma kwake kwenzeka kunoma iyiphi ingozi emzimbeni, amasosha anobunzima obukhulu bokuqasha nokugcina abashayeli bezindiza be-drone. Cishe ikota yabasebenzi boMbutho Wezindiza abangakwazi ukundiza imishini bayeke inkonzo minyaka yonke. Ukuntuleka kwenhlonipho, ukukhathala kanye nokukhathazeka kwengqondo yizona zizathu zokukhonjwa. UStephen Lewis, osebenza ngenzwa phakathi kuka-2005 no-2010 wathi akwenzayo “kukala onembeza wakho. Kukala emphefumulweni wakho. Kukala enhliziyweni yakho, ” ukubiza ukuthi post post traumatic stress disorder anayo ngenxa yokubulawa kwabantu abaningi kakhulu yenze ukuthi akunakwenzeka ukuthi abe nobudlelwano nabanye abantu.

“Abantu bacabanga ukuthi ngumdlalo wevidiyo. Kepha kumdlalo wevidiyo unezindawo zokubheka, unamaphuzu wokuqalisa kabusha. Uma ucekela phansi lowo mshini awukho ukuqala kabusha, ”kusho yena wathi. "Uma bengakucabangeli ukukucabanga ukuthi yini oyidubula njengomuntu kuba lula kuwe ukuthi uqhubeke nokulandela lezi zibhamu uma behla," wathi UMichael Haas, omunye owayesebenza inzwa ye-USAF. Umdlalo we-Airman Challenge ulandela le ndlela, usebenzisa amachashazi abomvu esikrinini ukumela izitha, enikeza usizo labo abaqoqayo ngodlame.

"Besingajabuleli noma ngabe yikuphi ukulinyazwa kwangempela kwekhontrakthi. Uma kwenzeka lokho kwenzeke isikhathi esiningi kwakuyicala lokuhlangana noma kwesinye isikhathi sasingabacabangi abanye abantu ababesesikrinini, "Haas wathi, ephawula ukuthi yena nontanga yakhe basebenzise amagama athi “ubuphekula obukhulu obumnandi” ukuchaza izingane, besebenzisa izinto ezinjengokuthi “ukusika utshani ngaphambi kokuba kukhule isikhathi eside,” njengezizathu zokuqothulwa kwabo. Ubudlova obungapheli, noma buqhamuka kude, budonsa kanzima abashayeli bama-drone abaningi, abakhala ngamaphupho amabi njalo futhi baziphuze baziphuze njalo ebusuku ukugwema.

Abanye, ngobuntu obuhlukile, bavela ekuchithweni kwegazi. UPrince Harry, ngokwesibonelo, wayengumdubuli wendiza enophephela emhlane e-Afghanistan futhi kuchazwe Ukudubula imicibisholo njengokuthi “injabulo.” “Ngingomunye walabo bantu abathanda ukudlala i-PlayStation ne-Xbox, ngakho-ke ngisebenzisa izithupha zami ngicabanga ukuthi mhlawumbe ngiwusizo,” kusho yena. "Uma kunabantu abazama ukwenza izinto ezimbi kubafana bethu, sizobakhipha kulo mdlalo."

Imbangela kaNobel

Ukuqhuma kwamabhomu e-Drone kungubuchwepheshe obusha. U-Barack Obama ungene kulesi sikhundla ethembisa ukuqeda udlame lukaMengameli Bush, waze wanikezwa umklomelo weNobel Peace ngo-2009. Ngenkathi ehla inani lamasosha aseMelika phansi e-Iraq nase-Afghanistan, wandisa kakhulu nezimpi zase-US ngendlela ye-drone. amabhomu, uku-oda izikhathi eziyishumi abaningi kakhulu ngoBush. Ngonyaka wakhe wokugcina esikhundleni, i-US yehla okungenani 26,000 amabhomu - cishe njalo njalo ngemizuzu engamashumi amabili ngokwesilinganiso. Lapho eshiya isikhundla, i-US ibibhokisa amazwe ayisikhombisa ngasikhathi sinye: i-Afghanistan, i-Iraq, iSyria, iLibya, i-Yemen, iSomalia nePakistan. 

Kuze kube ngamaphesenti angama-90 zokulimala kwabantu okushayelwa i-Drone "kungonakaliswa kwempahla," okusho ukuthi ababekhona abangenacala. ISwanson ikhathazekile kakhulu ngendlela lo mkhuba osuhlelwe ngayo: “Uma ukubulala kwamukeleka inqobo nje uma amasosha ekwenza, noma yini enye eyamukelekayo,” kusho yena, "sizowuguqula lo mkhuba, noma sizoshabalala."

Umlando awuzange uphindaphinde ngokwawo ngokukhethwa kukaDonald Trump ngonyaka we-2016, kodwa wenza imvumelwano. UTrump wavela emandleni okwenza izitatimende eziningi ezithathwa njengezimpi, wagxeka kakhulu u-Obama kanye nokusingathwa kwamaDemocrats ngalesi simo eMiddle East. Kugxilwe phambili noma ngemithombo yabezindaba ebizwa ngokuthi “ukumelana”, uTrump wanwebisa ngokushesha ukuqhuma kwamabhomu, okwandisa inani leziteleka ngokuthi 432 amaphesenti ngonyaka wakhe wokuqala ehhovisi. Umongameli wabuye wasebenzisa ukuhlaselwa kwe-drone ukubulala Isikhulu se-Iranian kanye nohulumeni Qassem Soleimani ekuqaleni kwale nyanga.

Ukubulala kugeyimu ye

Ngo-2018, amabutho ahlomile wawa kahle yemigomo yabo yokuqasha, ngaphandle kokuhlinzeka ngephakethe lezinzuzo elikhangayo kakhulu kubantu baseMelika abasebenzayo. Ngenxa yalokhu, labuyekeza ngokuphelele amasu alo okuqasha, lisuka kude nethelevishini nokutshala imali kumakhompiyutha aqondiswe kwi-inthanethi ngenhloso yokufinyelela kubantu abasha, ikakhulukazi abesilisa abangaphansi kweminyaka engamashumi amathathu, abakha inqwaba yamabutho ahlomile. Umsebenzi owodwa wokubeka uphawu ukufaka ama-Army e-ezemidlalo amaqembu angenela imincintiswano yomdlalo wevidiyo ngaphansi komkhiqizo wamasosha. Njengewebhusayithi yokudlala, Kotaku wabhala, "Ukubeka ibutho lezempi njengendawo enobungani bomdlalo kanye nesikhungo kubalulekile, noma kudingekile impela, ukufinyelela abantu i-Army efuna ukuyifinyelela." Umkhosi idlulile umgomo wayo wokuqasha ngonyaka ka-2019.

Yize umdlalo we-Airman Challenge uwumzamo omusha wokuqashwa, amabutho ahlomile anomlando omude ukubandakanyeka emakethe yemidlalo yamavidiyo, kanye nomkhakha wokuzijabulisa ikakhulukazi. Umsebenzi weSecker uye wembula ukujula kokubambisana phakathi kwezempi nezokuzijabulisa. Ngezicelo Zenkululeko Yolwazi, wakwazi ukuthola ukuthi uMnyango Wezokuvikela ubukeza, uhlela futhi ubhale amakhulukhulu emibhalo ye-TV neyama-movie minyaka yonke, enikeza izwe lokuzijabulisa ngokuqukethwe kwamahhala nemishini ukushintshaniswa okuvezwayo. "Okwamanje, kunzima ukufingqa ngempumelelo ithonya lamasosha aseMelika embonini, ngoba yehluke kakhulu futhi ihlanganisa konke," kusho yena.

Amasosha aseMelika asebenzisa amashumi ezigidi ngonyaka esikhungweni seCreative Technologies, athuthukisa ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe bezimboni zamafilimu nezokudlala, kanye nemidlalo yokuziqeqesha yasendlini yeButho futhi - ngezikhathi ezithile - i-CIA. UMnyango Wezokuvikela usekele inqwaba yama-franchise amakhulu emiqhudelwano (Ukushaywa Kwemisebenzi, Imidlalo yeTom Clancy, imvamisa ngabokuqala noma umuntu wesithathu). Imidlalo esekelwa amabutho ingaphansi kwemithetho efanayo yokulanda nokulingiswa okufana nama-movie ne-TV, ngakho-ke inganqatshwa noma iguqulwe uma iqukethe izinto zoMnyango Wezokuvikela zibona sengathi ziyimpikiswano. ”

Umkhakha wemidlalo yama-video mkhulu, nabadubuli bomqondo wokuqala wama-hyper njengama-Call of Duty baphakathi kwezinhlobo ezithandwa kakhulu. Ucingo Lokubiza: I-WWII, ngokwesibonelo, ithengisiwe $ 500 million kufanelekile amakhophi ngempelasonto yayo yokuvula kuphela, kukhiqizwe imali eningi kunama-movie we-blockbuster “Thor: Ragnarok” ne “Wonder Woman” kuhlangene. Abantu abaningi bachitha amahora amaningi ngosuku bedlala. UCaptain Brian Stanley, umqaphi wezempi eCalifornia wathi, "Izingane zazi okuningi ngebutho kunalokho esikwenzayo ... phakathi kwezikhali, izimoto, namaqhinga, futhi lolo lwazi luvela emidlalweni yamavidiyo."

Ngakho-ke, abantu abasha bachitha isikhathi esiningi besakazelwa ezempi. Ekushayweni Kwezinto Ezisemsebenzini, Isibonelo, udlala njengesosha laseMelika elwa nombushi obomvu ogqoke umashiqela omelene waseMelika waseVenezuela, ngokusobala ngokusekelwe kuMongameli Hugo Chavez, ngenkathi ubiza iDuty 4, ulandela i-US Army e-Iraq, udubula amakhulu ama-Arabhu njengoba wena hamba. Kukhona ukuthunywa lapho usebenza khona i-drone, ecishe ifane ne-Airman Challenge. Amabutho aseMelika lawula ama-drones nabalawuli be-Xbox, kufiphaza imigqa phakathi kwemidlalo yempi kanye imidlalo yempi ngisho nangaphezulu.

I-Cyber ​​Warfare

Yize inkampani yezimboni yezempi ikhuthalele ukukhangisa ngamathuba abashayeli bezindiza, benza konke okusemandleni ukufihla iqiniso lalokho okwenzeka kwabahlukumezekile bezindiza. Okudumile kakhulu kwalawa kungenzeka ukuthi "Ukubulala Ababambisene"Ividiyo, evuthwe nguCean Manning kumsunguli wokuqala weWikileaks uJulian Assange. Le vidiyo, eyenziwe izindaba zomhlaba wonke, iveze ukubabazeka kwezimpilo zabantu abangamaHaas okuchaziwe, lapho abashayeli bezindiza baseMoyeni behleka ngokudubula babulale okungenani izakhamizi eziyi-12 ezingenazikhali, okubalwa nezimbili Reuters izintatheli. Ngenkathi labo makhomanda ekugcineni abaphethe imisebenzi yezempi eMiddle East bevela kumabonakude njalo, bezama ukwenza izinto abazenzayo zingathandeki, uManning no-Assange bahlala ejele ngenxa yokusiza ukudalulwa komphakathi kuboniswe ngodlame olukhona. Manning uchithe iningi leshumi leminyaka eboshwe, ngenkathi Assange ulindele ukwedluliselwa e-United States ejele laseLondon.

Umdlalo wevidiyo we-Airman Challenge, weSecker, umane nje "ngowakamuva emugqeni omude wemizamo yokuqashwa kwabantu ngokusobala nephazamisayo ebuthweni lezempi laseMelika." "Uma benomuzwa wokuthi kufanele benze lokhu nje ukuthola abantu abayizinkulungwane ezingamakhulu ambalwa ngembangela yabo , mhlawumbe imbangela yabo ayifanele. ”

U-Alan MacLeod Ungumbhali Wabasebenzi weMintPress News. Ngemuva kokuphothula i-PhD yakhe ngo-2017 washicilela izincwadi ezimbili: Izindaba Ezimbi Ezivela KuVenezuela: Iminyaka Engamashumi Amabili Yezindaba Ezingamampunge Nezingamanga futhi Propaganda Esikhathini Sokwaziswa: Isikhiqiza Imvume. Ubuye waba nengxenye Ukulunga nokunemba ekubikeni, The Guardian, Salon, IGreyzone, IJacobin Magazine, Amaphupho ajwayelekile the I-American Herald Tribune futhi I-Canary.