ISikhumbuzo sokuphikisana nempi ngokuthuthukisa ukuthula

Ngu-Ken Burrows, World BEYOND War, May 3, 2020

Ngesikhathi sokulwa ngamasosha ase-US e-Afghanistan nase-Iraq, Ukuphikisa Umagazini wake waba nesihloko esithi “Kungani Kungekho Ukuhamba Kwe-Antiwar?” Umlobi, uMichael Kazin, ngesinye isikhathi wathi, "Izimpi ezimbili ezinde kakhulu emlandweni waseMelika azinalo neze uhlobo lokuphikisana okuhleliwe nokuqina okuvelile cishe kuyo yonke eminye impi enkulu yezempi i-United States eyilwe eminyakeni engamakhulu amabili eyedlule."

Ngokufanayo, u-Allegra Harpootlian, ubhalela The Nation Ngo-2019, kwaphawula ukuthi abantu baseMelika bathathe izintambo emigwaqweni ngonyaka we-2017 bekhombisa ukuthi amalungelo abo abekwe engcupheni ngokukhethwa nokumiswa kukaDonald Trump, kepha “bengekho ekuhlanganyeleni kwabantu abasha, naphezu kweminyaka eyishumi nengxenye yaleli lizwe elingatheli izithelo, izimpi ezibhubhisayo… bekungumbono omelene nempi. ”

UHarpootlian wabhala: “Ungabheka ukuntuleka kolaka lomphakathi, futhi ucabange ukuthi ayikho impi yokulwa nempi.”

UHarpootlian uthe abanye ababukele bathi le nto yokungabikhona kwempi yempi nomuzwa wokuthi iyize iCongress izoke icubungule imibono yabantu bezempi, noma ukunganaki okujwayelekile ezindabeni zempi nokuthula uma kuqhathaniswa nezindaba ezinjengokunakekelwa kwezempilo, ukuphathwa kwezibhamu, nezinye izinhlalo zomphakathi. nezinkinga, kanye nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu. Abanye bacabange ukuthi izizathu ezengeziwe zokunganaki okusobala kungaba yibutho lwanamuhla elisebenza ngokuzithandela elishiya izimpilo zezinye izakhamuzi zingafundiswanga kanye nezinga elikhulayo lezimfihlo ezintweni ezihlwaya nemishini yezempi egcina izakhamizi ebumnyameni ngokwenzeka kwamabutho ahlomile njengoba kuqhathaniswa ezikhathini zangaphambili.

Ukuletha udumo ekuvumeleni ukuthula

UMichael D. Knox, isishoshovu se-antiwar, uthisha, isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo, kanye nomlobi, ukholelwa ukuthi kunesinye futhi isizathu — mhlawumbe isizathu esikhulu kunazo zonke — sezingeni eliphansi lezishoshovu zempi. Futhi akuyona into esanda kuvela. Kungenxa yokuthi akukaze kube nokuqashelwa okufanele kwendima ebalulekile ye-antiwar edlala kwinqubomgomo, umphakathi namasiko, futhi akukaze kube nenhlonipho efanelekile futhi kunconywe kulabo abazwakalisa ngesibindi ukuphikisana kwabo nokufudumala.

I-Knox isemishini yokukulungisa lokho. Uye wenza amathuluzi okuletha lokho kuqashelwa esidlangalaleni. Bayizingxenye zephrojekthi enkulu ebandakanya umgomo wokufisa ukwakha iSikhumbuzo Sokuthula se-US, okuhle enhlokodolobha yezwe, ukuhlonipha nokugubha izishoshovu zempi, ngokuqhathaniswa nendlela izikhumbuzo eziningi ezikhona ezenza ngayo ezimpini ezahlukahlukene emlandweni waseMelika namaqhawe abo akhonzayo. Okuningi kulokhu.

UKnox uchaza ifilosofi eyisisekelo nomqondo womzamo wakhe ngale ndlela.

"EWashington, DC, ukubuka iSikhumbuzo samaVietnam eVietnam, iSikhumbuzo Sempi Yezwe yaseKorea kanye neSikhumbuzo Sempi Yezwe II kuholela umuntu ukuthi angaqedi ukuthi imizamo yempi noma imisebenzi yaziswa kakhulu umphakathi wethu. Kepha azikho izikhumbuzo zesizwe lapha zokudlulisa umyalezo wokuthi umphakathi wethu futhi uyakuqakathekisa ukuthula futhi uyababona labo abathatha isinyathelo sokuphikisana nempi eyodwa noma ezingaphezulu zase-US. Akukho ukuqinisekiswa esidlangalaleni kwemisebenzi yempi yempi futhi akukho sikhumbuzo sokusebenza njengesixhumo sokuxoxisana maqondana nemizamo yokuthula yesibindi eyenziwa ngabaseMelika phakathi namakhulu eminyaka adlule.

“Umphakathi wethu kufanele uziqhenye ngalabo abalwela ezinye izindlela zempi njengoba zinjalo kulabo abalwa izimpi. Ukukhombisa lokhu kuqhosha kwesizwe ngenye indlela ebonakalayo kungakhuthaza abanye ukuthi bahlole ukumela ukuthula ngezikhathi lapho kuzwakala kuphela amazwi empi.

"Ngenkathi ukwesabisa nosizi oluphawula impi akuyona imicikilisho yokusebenzela ukuthula, yize kunjalo ngempi, ukumela ukuthula kufaka nokuzinikela ukubangela, isibindi, ukukhonza ngenhlonipho, nokuzinikela komuntu siqu, njengokugwetshwa nokuzilulaza. emgqeni 'emiphakathini nasemphakathini, futhi nokuboshwa nokuboshwa ngenxa yezenzo zempi. Ngakho-ke ngaphandle kokuthatha noma yini kude nalabo abalwa izimpi, iSikhumbuzo Sokuthula siyindlela yokuthola ukulinganisela kulabo abasebenzela ukuthula esikhundleni salokho. Udumo oluqhutshwa yizishoshovu zempi yempi nokuhlonipha inhlonipho ngemizamo yokuthula. ”

Ukuvimbela impi kufanele kukuqashelwe

U-Knox uyavuma ukuthi impi ibike yaba nomlando kuzo zombili izenzo zabantu abanobungqabavu nokuzinikela phakathi kokudala udlame nosizi. Ngakho-ke kuyaqondakala ukuthi kukhunjulwa izikhumbuzo zokwamukela umthelela obalulekile wempi futhi kuhlonishwe ukuzinikela kwabahlanganyeli kwizimbangela ezithathwa njengezinentshisekelo zezwe lethu. "Lezi zikhumbuzo zibona amaqiniso amabi kakhulu, abulalayo futhi futhi anobuqhawe, odala uhlobo lwesisekelo esibonakalayo nezomzwelo lapho izinkumbulo zempi zakhelwe khona ngokwemvelo," kusho uKnox.

"Ngokuphambene, abantu baseMelika abaphikisana nempi futhi abagqugquzela ezinye izindlela, izixazululo ezingekho ebusayo ezingxabanisweni futhi ngezinye izikhathi bangasiza ekunqandeni noma ekupheliseni izimpi, ngaleyo ndlela bagweme noma banciphise inani labo lokufa nelokubhujiswa. Kungashiwo ukuthi abaphikisi bempi bahlanganyela ekuvinjelweni, ukudala imiphumela esindisa impilo, imiphumela emincane kakhulu kunalokho okulwelwa yimpi. Kepha lezi zivimbelo azinawo amandla adonsela phansi ezimpi, ngakho-ke kuyaqondakala ukuthi imvelo yesikhumbuzo yokwenza ukuthula ayinamandla. Kepha ukuqashelwa kufanelekile. Isimo esifanayo senzeka ekunakekelweni kwezempilo lapho ukuvikeleka kwezifo, okusindisa izimpilo eziningi, kungaxhaswa kahle ngezimali futhi kungaqapheleki, kanti imishanguzo yokuhlukumeza kanye nokuhlinzwa okumangazayo okunemiphumela esindisa impilo kubantu nemindeni yabo kuvame ukugujwa njengokufanele ubuqhawe. Kodwa ingabe lezo zivimbelo azinayo imiphumela emangalisa futhi? Akufanele yini nabo bahlonishwe? ”

Uyaphetha: “Ngokwesiko elixhasa futhi elibabaza ukufudumala, inhlonipho eyeqile yokwenza ukuthula kufanele ifundiswe futhi ilandelwe. Isikhumbuzo sikazwelonke sabenzi bokuthula singasiza ukwenza lokho. Kungaguqula ukucabanga kwethu ngamasiko ukuze kungabe kusamukeleka ukubiza labo abakhuluma ngokumelene nempi yase-US njengabangewona abaseMelika, abezempi, abangathembekile, noma abangathandani nezwe. Esikhundleni salokho bazokwaziwa ngokuzinikela kwabo entweni enhle. ”

ISikhumbuzo sokuthula siqala ukwakheka

Ngakho-ke uKnox uqhubeka kanjani nezinhloso zakhe zokubona ukuthula? Wahlela i-US Peace Memorial Foundation (USPMF) ngonyaka ka-2005 njengesambulela somsebenzi wakhe. Uzinikele ngokugcwele kuwo kusukela ngo-2011 njengomunye wamavolontiya ayi-12. Isisekelo sibamba ucwaningo, imfundo kanye nokuqongelela imali njalo, ngenhloso yokukhumbula futhi ukuhlonipha izigidi zezakhamizi zase-US / izakhamizi eziye zakhombisa ukuthula ngokubhala, ukukhuluma, umbhikisho, nezinye izenzo ezingezinhle. Inhloso ukukhomba izibonelo zokuthula ezingagcini ngokuhlonipha okwedlule kepha futhi kugqugquzele izizukulwane ezintsha ukuthi zisebenzele ukuqeda impi futhi zikhombise ukuthi i-United States iyakwazisa ukuthula nokungabi nabugovu.

I-USPMF ifaka izinto ezintathu ezihlukile zokusebenza. Kunjalo:

1. Shicilela I-Registry Yokuthula Ye-US. Lokhu kuhlanganiswa kwe-inthanethi kunikeza imininingwane ethile yokuziphatha, ngemibhalo esekelayo, yokuvikela ukuthula komuntu nenhlangano nemisebenzi ye-warwar. Okufakiwe kuyabuyekezwa futhi kuvezwe ngokuphelele ngaphambi kokuba kuvunyelwe ukufakwa yiBhodi yabaqondisi ye-USPMF.
2. Imiklomelo yonyaka Umklomelo Wokuthula wase-US. Lo mklomelo uhlonipha abantu baseMelika abavelele kakhulu abake bakhuthaza obala ukubambisana kwezwe kanye nokubambisana komhlaba wonke ukuxazulula izinkinga zomhlaba wonke esikhundleni sezixazululo zempi. Abaphumelele abazongenela ukhetho bazobe bephikise ukungenelela kwamasosha njengokuhlasela, ukuhlala, ukukhiqizwa kwezikhali zokubhujiswa okukhulu, ukusetshenziswa kwezikhali, izinsongo zempi, noma ezinye izenzo ezisongela ukuthula. Abamukeli besikhathi esidlule bafake amaVeterans for Peace, CODEPINK Women for Peace, Chelsea Manning, Noam Chomsky, Dennis Kucinich, Cindy Sheehan, nabanye.
3. Ekugcineni qamba, wakhe futhi ulondoloze I-US Peace Memorial. Lesi sakhiwo sizokwethula imizwa yokulwa kwabaholi abaningi baseMelika - ukubuka umlando obekuvame ukungawunaki - futhi kubhalwe phansi nezishoshovu zempi yaseMelika ezaziphila esikhathini samanje. Ngobuchwepheshe obuzovumela ukubuyekezwa okuqhubekayo kwezemfundo, kuzobonisa ukuthi abantu abaphawuliwe nabedlule babone kanjani isidingo sokwenza ukuthula nokubizwa ngokuthi yimpi namalungiselelo ayo angabazeki. Idizayini yangempela yeSikhumbuzo isisezigabeni zokuqala zephrothokholi, futhi kulindeleke ukuthi ukuqeda (ngempela) kubekelwe uJulayi 4, 2026, usuku olunokubaluleka okusobala. Lokhu, impela, kuncike ezintweni eziningi, kufaka phakathi ukuhanjiswa okuhlukahlukene kwamakhomishini, impumelelo yokuqongelela imali, ukusekelwa komphakathi, njll.

Isisekelo sizibekele imigomo emine yesikhashana futhi iyaqhubeka inqubekela phambili kuyo. Lokhu kungokulandelayo:

1. Amalungu aphephile avela kuzo zonke izifundazwe ezingama-50 (ezingama-86% zitholiwe)
2. Bhalisa amalungu ayisisekelo ayi-1,000 (labo abanikele ngama- $ 100 noma ngaphezulu) (40% atholakele)
3. Qamba amaphrofayili ayi-1,000 25 kuRegistry yoxolo (XNUMX% izuzwe)
4. Vikela ama- $ 1,000,000 ngeminikelo (13% izuzwe)

Ukulwa kwe-warwar kwabangu-21^st ekhulwini

Kulombuzo ophakanyiswe ekuqaleni kwalesi sihloko-Ngabe kukhona umbutho wezempi eMelika? —Knox uphendule ngokuthi yebo, ukhona, yize engenziwa aqine kakhulu. "Elinye lamasu aphumelela kakhulu 'e-warwar," uKnox ukholelwa ukuthi, "ukukhombisa ngokusemthethweni nangokuqakathekisa isenzo se-' pro-ukuthula '. Ngoba ukuqaphela nokuhlonipha ukumela ukuthula, izishoshovu zempi ziyamukeleka kakhulu, ziqiniswe, futhi ziyahlonishwa futhi zizibandakanye ngamandla. ”

Kepha uKnox kungaba ngowokuqala ukwamukela ukuthi inselelo iyesabeka.

“Impi iyingxenye yesiko lethu,” kusho yena. “Kusukela sasungulwa ngo-1776, i-US ibibe nokuthula iminyaka engama-21 kuphela yethu engama-244. Asikaze sidlule eshumini elilodwa ngaphandle kokulwa uhlobo oluthile lwempi kwenye indawo. Futhi kusukela ngo-1946, ngemuva kweMpi Yezwe II, alikho elinye izwe elibulale futhi labalimaza abantu abaningi abahlala ngaphandle kwemingcele yayo, isikhathi lapho i-US yaphosa amabhomu emazweni angaphezu kwangama-25 — kubandakanya inani lamabhomu angaphezu kuka-26,000 kwelinye nje lamabhomu unyaka. Eminyakeni eyishumi edlule izimpi zethu zibulale abantu abangenacala, kubandakanya nezingane, emazweni ayisikhombisa amaSulumane. ” Ukholelwa ukuthi izinombolo zodwa kufanele zibe nesizathu esanele sokunikeza ukuqashelwa okukhulu ezenzweni zokudala ukuthula nokulwa okuvumelanayo okulinikezayo.

UKnox uthi ukumela impi yempi kumele futhi kubhekane nemvelo evamile yokulwa nempi yethu. Uyaphawula: “Ngokujoyina amabutho ahlomile, umuntu unikezwa isikhundla sokuhlonipha nokuhlonipha kungakhathalekile ukuthi bangobani noma yini, noma abenzanga. Iziphathimandla eziningi ezilwela ukhetho zisho isizinda sazo sezempi njengesiqu sokuphatha isikhundla sobuholi. Abangewona ama-veteran bavame ukuvikela ukuthanda izwe labo futhi bahlinzeke ngesizathu sokuthi kungani bengazibandakanyi empini, okusho ukuthi umuntu akakwazi ukubonwa njengezwe elithanda izwe ngaphandle kwerekhodi lezempi. ”

"Olunye udaba lwamasiko olubaluleke kakhulu ukuthiqwashisa jikelele ngemithelela yethu efudumele ayanele. Kuyaqabukela sifunde nge-impiriyalism, impi, kanye nakwezinye izimo ukuqothulwa kwabantu okuhambisana nomsebenzi wethu wezempi. Lapho kubikwa impumelelo yezempi, cishe asizwa ngokubi okuhambisana nakho okuhambisana nale ndawo, njengamadolobha nezinsiza ezibalulekile ezichithiwe, izakhamuzi ezingenacala zaphenduka iziphephelo ezinesizungu, noma izakhamuzi kanye nezingane ezabulawa zalimala kulokho cishe okubizwa ngokuthi ukulimala kwecala.

“Futhi izingane zethu zase-US azifundiswanga ukuzindla noma ukuphikisana ngalezi zimo ezonakalisayo noma zibheke ezinye izindlela ezingase zisetshenziswe empini. Akukho lutho emabhukwini aphakathi noma aphezulu esikoleni sokuthula noma ngenani labantu baseMelika abakhombise ukungenelela kwezempi futhi ngesibindi bahlanganyela ekumeleni ukuthula. ”

I-Knox isigcizelela ukuthi noma kunjalo sinawo amandla okuthatha isenzo futhi silethe ushintsho. “Yindaba yokuguqula amasiko ethu ukuze izakhamizi eziningi zizizwe zikhululekile ukukhuluma. Singakhuthaza ukusebenza kokuthula, sikhombise izibonelo zokulingisa, sinciphise ukusabela okungekuhle ekuvumeleni ukuthula futhi sikusebenzise lokho ngokuqinisa okuhle. Noma singeke sidelele noma ngubani oye wavikela imingcele yethu kanye nemizi ekuhlaselweni amasosha akwelinye izwe, kufanele sizibuze lo mbuzo: Akukhona yini ukuthi ukuthanda izwe, futhi kubalulekile, ukuthi abantu baseMelika bamelele ukuthula bavikele ukuphela? ngezimpi? ”

"Ukuqinisekisa lelo hlobo lokushisekela izwe ngokuhlonipha ukumela ukuthula," kusho uKnox, "ungomunye wemisebenzi esemqoka ye-US Peace Memorial Foundation."

——————————————————————–

Ufuna ukusiza i-US Peace Memorial Foundation?

I-US Peace Memorial Foundation idinga futhi yamukela izinhlobo eziningi zokusekelwa. Iminikelo yezimali (intela iyakhokhwa). Iziphakamiso zokubhaliswa okusha ku I-Registry Yokuthula Ye-US. Abamele iphrojekthi yeSikhumbuzo. Abaphenyi. Ababuyekezi nabahleli. Ukuhlela amathuba okukhuluma kukaDkt Knox. Kuyaxhaswa ukuthi abaxhasi abanxephezelwa ngokwezimali ngosizo lwabo, kepha iSisekelo sinikezela ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene zokubona iminikelo yezimali, isikhathi, namandla abanikeza iphrojekthi.

Ngeminye imininingwane yokuthi ungasiza kanjani, vakashela www.usempemacute.org bese ukhetha Volunteer or Nikela izinketho. Imininingwane eyengeziwe enemininingwane yephrojekthi yeSikhumbuzo Sokuthula se-US iyatholakala futhi kuleli sayithi.

Ukuxhumana ngqo noDkt Knox, i-imeyili Knox@USPeaceMemorial.org. Noma ushayele iSisekelo ku-202-455-8776.

UKen Burrows yintatheli esethathe umhlalaphansi futhi njengamanje ungumlobi wezincwadi ozimele. Ubengumuntu onenqaba ngenxa kanembeza ngeminyaka yokuqala yama-70s, engumeluleki wezisebenzi zokuvolontiya, futhi ebelilungu elisebenzayo lezinhlangano ezahlukahlukene zempi nezomphakathi.