NguNicolas JS Davies, April 15, 2019
I-Congress Yase-US iqalile ukuphikisana ngesabelomali sezempi se-FY2020. I Isabelomali se-FY2019 ngoba uMnyango wezokuVikela wase-US ungamaRandi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-695. UMongameli uTrump isicelo sebhajethi ngoba i-FY 2020 izokwandisa ibe yi- $ 718 billion.
Ukusetshenziswa kweminye iminyango kahulumeni kuyanezela ngaphezulu kwe $ 200 billion kubhalomali "jikelele wezokuphepha" ($ 93 billion kuya ku-Veterans 'Affairs; $ 16.5 billion kuya eMnyangweni Wezamandla ngezikhali zenuzi; $ 43 billion kuya eMnyangweni WezoMbuso; kanye no-$ 52 billion kuya kuMnyango wezokuThuthukiswa koHulumeni).
Lezi zibalo azifaki isithakazelo emalini ase-US aqoqwe ukukhokhela izimpi ezedlule kanye nokwakhiwa kwezempi, okukhuthaza izindleko zangempela ze-US Military-Industrial Complex ngaphezulu kwamaRandi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ngonyaka.
Kuncike kulezi zindleko ezibalwe njengokusetshenziswa kwempi, sezivele zidla phakathi kwe-53% ne-66% yokusetshenziswa kwe-federal ukuqondisisa (izinkokhelo zenzalo ayiyona ingxenye yalesi sibalo ngoba ayinakuqondisisa), ishiya ingxenye yesithathu yokwaziswa okuqondakalayo kukho konke okunye.
Engqungqutheleni ka-Ephreli 4 yeNATO eyayiseWashington, i-US yacindezela abalingani bayo be-NATO ukuthi bandise imali abayichitha kwezempi ibe ngu-2% we-GDP. Kepha a Isihloko se-July 2018 nguJeff Stein kule Washington Post waphonsela ekhanda lakhe futhi wahlola ukuthi i-US ingakwazi kanjani ukukhokhela izidingo zethu ezingapheli zomphakathi esikhundleni ukunciphisa yethu siqu ukusetshenziswa kwezempi kuya ku-2% we-GDP kusuka ku-3.5% -4% yayo yamanje. UStein ubala ukuthi lokho kuzokhipha ama-dollar ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-300 ngonyaka kwezinye izinto eziseqhulwini kuzwelonke, futhi wahlola ezinye zezindlela lezo zimali ezingasetshenziswa ngazo, ekuqedeni izikweletu zabafundi nokuxhasa ngemali ikolishi elingafundiswanga kanye nemfundo yangaphambi kuka-K yokuqeda ubuphofu bezingane futhi ukungabi nakhaya.
Mhlawumbe ukudala ukulingana, uJeff Stein wacaphuna uBrian Riedl weManhattan Institute, owazama ukuthela amanzi abandayo emcabangweni wakhe. "Akuyona nje indaba yokuthenga amabhomu ambalwa," kusho uRiedl. "I-United States isebenzisa ama- $ 100,000 ebuthweni ngalinye ngenxephezelo - njengemiholo, izindlu (kanye) nokunakekelwa kwezempilo."
Kodwa uRiedl wayengafuni. Kuphela kwesishiyagalombili kuphela yokwanda kwangemva kwempi ebandayo ekusetshenzisweni kwemali yezempi yase-US kungokokukhokha kanye nezinzuzo zamasosha ase-US. Kusukela ukusetshenziswa kwemali yamasosha aseMelika kwehla ngonyaka we-1998 ngemuva kokuphela kwempi ebandayo, izindleko ezishintshiwe zokwehla kwamandla emali "Izisebenzi" zikhuphuke kuphela cishe ngama-30%, noma ama- $ 39 billion ngonyaka. Kepha iPentagon isebenzisa imali eyizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama- $ 144.5 “Ekuthengweni” kwemikhumbi yempi emisha, izindiza zempi nezinye izikhali nemishini. Lokho kungaphezu kokuphindwe kabili kunalokho elikusebenzise ngo-1998, ukwanda okungu-124% noma u- $ 80 billion ngonyaka. Ngokuqondene nezindlu, iPentagon isinciphise imali yezindlu zemindeni yezempi ngamaphesenti angaphezulu kwama-70, ukuze nje isindise ama- $ 4 billion ngonyaka.
Isigaba esikhulu kunazo zonke sokusetshenziswa kwezempi yi- "Operation and Maintenance," manje esisebenza ngama- $ 284 billion ngonyaka, noma ama-41% wesabelomali sePentagon. Lokho ngama- $ 123 billion (76%) ngaphezulu kunango-1998. “I-RDT & E” (ucwaningo, ukuthuthukiswa, ukuhlolwa nokuhlolwa) kubalwa amanye ama- $ 92 billion, ama-72% noma ama- $ 39 billion akhuphuke ngaphezu kuka-1998. (Zonke lezi zibalo zilungiswe ukwehla kwamandla emali, kusetshenziswa "idola elihlala likhona" lePentagon lilingana ne-FY2019 DOD Ibhuku elihlaza.) Ngakho-ke ukwanda kwenani lezindleko zabasebenzi, kufaka phakathi izindlu zomndeni, kubalwa ama-dollar ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-35 kuphela, okuyisishiyagalombili kwezigidigidi ezingama-278 zamaRandi ngonyaka kukhuphuka ekusetshenzisweni kwempi kusukela ngo-1998.
Isici esiyinhloko ekukhuphukeni kwezindleko ku-Pentagon, ikakhulukazi engxenyeni ebiza kakhulu kakhulu yokusebenza nokugcinwa kwesabelomali, kube yinkambiso yokuthola imisebenzi eyenziwe ngabasebenzi bezempi kubangenele "izinkontileka". uye waba isitimela esingakakaze senziwe nge-gravy ngamakhamphani amaningi enzuzo.
A Ucwaningo lwe-2018 yi-Congressional Research Service ithole ukuthi isabelomali esiyisisekelo esingu- $ 380 billion sama- $ 605 billion FY2017 Pentagon base budget saphela esikhwameni sabosonkontileka bezinkampani. Ingxenye yesabelomali se- "Operation and Maintenance" enesivumelwano ikhule isuka ku-40% ngo-1999 yaya ku-57% wesabelomali esikhulu namuhla - isabelo esikhulu sikaphayi omkhulu kakhulu.
Amandla amakhulu kunazo zonke ezenzile izikhali zase-US, asebenzela futhi manje azuza kakhulu kulolu hlobo lwebhizinisi olusha. Encwadini yabo, Top Secret America, UDana Priest noWilliam Arkin baveze ukuthi i-General Dynamics, yasungula kanjani futhi ihamba phambili emlandweni wayo wonke Abanikazi bakaBarack Obama, umndeni wakwaCrown waseChicago, uye waxhaphaza lokhu kukhishwa kokukhishwa kwempahla ukuze ube ngumhlinzeki omkhulu wezinkonzo ze-IT kuhulumeni wase-US.
Umphristi no-Arkin bachaza ukuthi amakontrakta asePentagon afana neGeneral Dynamics aphenduke kanjani ekukhiqizeni izikhali zokudlala indima ehlangene emisebenzini yezempi, ukubulala okubhekiswe kanye nesimo esisha sokubhekwa. "Ukuvela kweGeneral Dynamics kwakusekelwe isu elilodwa elilula," babhala: "Landela imali."
UPriest no-Arkin baveze ukuthi abenzi bezikhali abakhulu kunabo bonke bathole isabelo sengonyama sezinkontileka ezintsha ezinenzuzo enkulu. "Ezinkampanini ezingaba ngu-1,900 2010 ezisebenza ezinkontileka eziyimfihlo phakathi no-90, cishe amaphesenti angama-6 omsebenzi wenziwa ngo-110% (9) wabo," kuchaza uPriest no-Arkin. "Ukuqonda ukuthi lezi zinkampani seziqale kanjani ukubusa isikhathi sangemva kuka-11/XNUMX, ayikho indawo engcono engabukeka kune… General Dynamics."
Ukuzikhethela kweTruth yeGeneral Dynamics ilungu leGenerali uJames James Mattis njengoba uNobhala wakhe wokuqala wezokuVikela efakaza umnyango ojikelezayo phakathi kwama-echelons aphezulu amabutho ahlomile, abakhiqizi bezikhali kanye namagatsha kahulumeni aphethwe yilolu hlelo olukhohlakeleyo lwezempi. Yilokho kanye uMongameli u-Eisenhower axwayisa umphakathi waseMelika ngokumelene nawo ukukhulumisana kwakhe e-1960, lapho ehlanganisa igama elithi "Military-Industrial Complex."
Okufanele ngikwenze?
Ngokuphambene noRiedl, uWilliam Hartung, umqondisi wePhrojekthi Yezikhali Nezokuphepha eSikhungo Senqubomgomo Yomhlaba Wonke, watshela Washington Post ukuthi ukunciphisa okukhulu kwemali yemali uJeff Stein ayekucabangayo kwakunjalo hhayi okungenangqondo. "Ngicabanga ukuthi kunengqondo mayelana nokuvikela izwe," kusho uHartung, "Yize uzodinga isu lokukwenza."
Isu elinjalo kuzomele luqale ngokuhlaziywa kwe-67%, noma i-$ 278 billion ngonyaka, ukwanda kwe-inflation-adjusted in spending spending phakathi kwe-1998 ne-2019.
- Ngabe ukwanda kwalokhu ukwanda kuwumphumela wezinqumo zabaholi be-US ukukhokhela izimpi ezimbi e-Afghanistan, Iraq, Pakistan, Somalia, Libya, Syria naseYemen?
- Futhi kungakanani umphumela wezombusazwe-izithameli ezithintekayo kulezi zizwe zempi ukuze zikhokhiswe ngezinhlu zokufisa zemikhumbi yempi emisha, izimpi zempi nezinye izikhali zezikhali kanye nesitimela esinomonakalo sokukhishwa kwamabhizinisi engikushilo kakade?
I-bipartisan i-2010 Isisebenzi Sokuvikela Esiphephile eyabanjelwa yiCongressman Barney Frank e-2010 yaphendula le mibuzo ngesikhathi esiyi-2001-2010, iphetha ngokuthi kuphela i-43% yemali yokusetshenziswa kwempi eyanda kakhulu yayihlobene nezimpi zase-US empeleni zalwa, kuyilapho i-57% yayingahlobene nezezimpi zamanje.
Kusukela ku-2010, ngenkathi i-US iqhubekile futhi yandisa izimpi zomoya futhi imisebenzi yokuvala, uye waletha ekhaya iningi lemisebenzi yalo ephuma e-Afghanistan nase-Iraq, ehambisa imisebenzi yokulwa nezinsizakusebenza emiphakathini yamaphoyisa asekhaya. Isabelomali se-Pentagon ye-FY2010 $ 801.5 billion, amabhiliyoni ambalwa kuphela amahloni esabelomali sikaBush sika- $ 806 billion FY2008, irekhodi le-post-WW II. Kepha ngo-2019, ukusetshenziswa kwempi yase-US kungama- $ 106 billion kuphela (noma ama-13%) aphansi kunango-2010.
Ukwehla kokuncishiswa okuncane kusukela ngo-2010 kwenza kucace ukuthi ingxenye ephakeme kakhulu yemali esetshenziswa namuhla kwezempi ayihlobene nempi. Ngenkathi izindleko ze-Operation and Maintaino zehle ngo-15.5% kwathi izindleko Zokwakhiwa Kwamasosha zehle ngo-62.5%, isabelomali sePentagon seProcurement kanye neRTT & E sehliswe kuphela ngo-4.5% kusukela ngo-2010 ukuphakama kuka-Obama e-Afghanistan. (Nakulokhu futhi, lezi zibalo zonke zikuma- “FY2019 Constant Dollars” avela kwi-DOD yePentagon Ibhuku elihlaza.)
Ngakho-ke imali eningi inganqunywa kwisabelomali samasosha ngokusebenzisa nje ngokungathí sina isiyalo amasosha azishaya isifuba ngaso ngendlela asebenzisa ngayo imali yezwe lethu. IPentagon isivele inqume ukuthi kufanele Vala i-22% ezisekelweni zayo zasempi e-US nasemhlabeni jikelele, kodwa izinkulungwane zamaRandi ezibizwa ngokuthi i-Trump neCongress zilokhu zikhukhula ama-akhawunti awo ziye zayincenga ukuthi ziqede ukuvala amakhulu ezinsisekelo ezisemthethweni.
Kodwa ukuguqulwa kwenqubomgomo yezempi yase-US neyangaphandle kudinga okungaphezu nje kokuvala izizinda ezingasetshenzisiwe nokulwa nokuchitha imfucuza, ukukhwabanisa nokuhlukunyezwa. Ngemuva kweminyaka ye-20 yempi, sekuyisikhathi esidlule sokuvuma ukuthi impi enobudlova eyenziwa yi-US ukusebenzisa indawo yayo ngokuthi "amandla amakhulu" ngemuva kokuphela kweMpi Yomshoshaphansi, bese uphendule emacala kaSeptemba 11th, kuye kwaba ukuhluleka okunzima futhi kwegazi, okwenza izwe libe yingozi nakakhulu ngaphandle kokwenza abaseMelika bavikeleke.
Ngakho-ke i-US iphinde ibhekane nenqubomgomo ephuthumayo yangaphandle kwezwe okudingekayo ukuzibophezela okusha ekubambisaneni kwamanye amazwe, ukudibanisa nokubusa komthetho wamazwe omhlaba. Ukubambisana kwe-US ngokungekho emthethweni ekusongeni nasekusetshenzisweni kwamandla njengethuluzi lethu elikhulu lomgomo wezwe langaphandle kuyisongo esikhulu emhlabeni wonke kunanoma yiliphi amazwe ama-US ahlasele kusukela ku-2001 eke yafika e-United States.
Kodwa ngabe i-Military-Industrial Complex isebenzisa izinsiza zesizwe zethu ukulwa nezimpi eziyingozi noma nje ukubeka amaphakethe ayo, ukugcina imishini yempi eyizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezintathu ezibiza ngaphezu eziyisikhombisa kuya kweshumi Izimpi ezilandelayo ezinkulu emhlabeni wonke zihlanganisa ukudala ingozi ekhona. Like Madeleine Albright kwiqembu leChinton lokuguquguquka e-1992, iziphathimandla ezintsha zase-US ziqala ukusebenza zibuza, "Kuyini okuhle ukuba nale nhlangano emangalisayo ohlala ukhuluma ngayo uma singavunyelwe ukuyisebenzisa?"
Ngakho-ke kanye khona kwalowo mshini wezempi kanye nemigomo eyenziwa ukuze kulungiswe ukuthi ikwazi ukuzigcwalisa, okuholela ekukhohlisweni okuyingozi ukuthi i-US ingakwazi futhi ngakho-ke kufanele izame ukuphoqa intando yayo yezombusazwe ngokuphoqa kwamanye amazwe nabantu emhlabeni jikelele.
Inqubomgomo Yengaphandle Eqhubekayo
Ngakho-ke, ngabe yini enye, inqubomgomo eqhubekayo yase-US yangaphandle efana nayo?
- Uma i-United States kufanele ihambisane ne- ukulahla impi "njengethuluzi lenqubomgomo kazwelonke" ku-Kellogg Briand Pact ka-1928 kanye nokuvinjelwa kokusongelwa noma ukusetshenziswa kwamandla I-UN Charter, yiluhlobo luni loMnyango wezokuVikela oluzodinga ngempela? Impendulo iyabonakala: uMnyango we Defense.
- Uma i-US izinikezele ekubambisaneni okukhulu neRussia, eChina kanye nezinye izizwe ezihlaselene nezikhali zenuzi ukuze ziqede kancane kancane izikhali zenuzi, njengoba sezivumile kakade kule Isivumelwano Sokungaqiniseki Nyukliya (NPT), ngokushesha kangakanani i-US ingajoyina i-2017 Treaty ku- Ukuvinjelwa kwezikhali zeNyukliya (TPNW), ukuqeda usongo omkhulu kunazo zonke esizobhekana nathi? Le mpendulo nayo iyabonakala: ngokushesha kungcono.
- Lapho sesingasasebenzisi amabutho ethu nezikhali zethu ukusongela ukuhlukumeza okungekho emthethweni kwamanye amazwe, yiziphi izinhlelo zethu zezikhali ezisebenzisa isabelomali esingazenza futhi sizigcine ngamanani amancane kakhulu? Futhi yini esingayenza ngaphandle kwako konke? Le mibuzo izodinga ukuhlaziywa okuningiliziwe futhi okunzima, kepha kufanele ibuzwe - futhi iphendulwe.
U-Phyllis Bennis we-Institute for Studies Policy wenza isiqalo esihle ekuphenduleni eminye yale mibuzo ngaphansi kwezinga lomgomo Isihloko se-Agasti 2018 in Kulezi zikhathi enesihloko esithi, "Ipulatifomu Yesibindi Yenqubomgomo Yamazwe Angaphandle Yegagasi Elisha Labenzi Bomthetho Bangakwesobunxele." UBennis wabhala ukuthi:
"Inqubomgomo yezangaphandle eqhubekayo kufanele yenqabe ukubuswa kwamasosha nezomnotho wase-US kunalokho ibambelele ekubambisaneni komhlaba wonke, amalungelo abantu, ukuhlonishwa komthetho wamazwe omhlaba kanye nelungelo lokubonisana ngempi."
UBennis uphakamise:
- I-diplomacy engathí sina ngokuthula nokungaxabani neRussia, eChina, eNyakatho Korea nase-Iran;
- Ukuqeda i-NATO njengento engaphelele futhi eyingozi ye-War Cold;
- Ukuqeda umjikelezo ozozigcwalisa wobudlova kanye nezinxushunxushu ezikhishwe yi-US "War on Terror" yaseMelika.
- Ukuqeda usizo lwezempi lase-US nokusekela okungenasisekelo kwe-Israyeli;
- Ukuqeda ukungenelela kwezempi e-Afghanistan e-Afghanistan, e-Iraq, eSiriya nase-Yemen;
- Ukuqeda izinsongo ze-US nezokuhlukunyezwa kwezomnotho ngokumelene ne-Iran, iNyakatho Korea neVenezuela;
- Ukuguqula ukuhlasela okudabuzelayo ubudlelwane base-US ne-Afrika neLatin America.
Ngisho ngaphandle kwesikhulumi senqubomgomo esiqhubekayo esizoguqula isimo sempi saseMelika esivele sinolaka, uBarney Frank's 2010 Isisebenzi Sokuvikela Esiphephileukusikeka okuhlongozwayo okungaba yisigidigidi samaRandi eminyakeni eyishumi. Imininingwane esemqoka yezincomo zayo yile:
- Ncishisa ukuthunyuka kwezikhali zenuzi eNingizimu ne-1,000 impi yenukliya emikhumbi ye-7 kanye nemicibisholo ye-160 Minuteman;
- Ukunciphisa amandla onke amasosha nge-50,000 (ngokuhoxiswa okuyingxenye e-Asia naseYurophu);
- Umkhumbi we-230 wemikhumbi, ne-9 "emadodeni amakhulu" ezindiza ezindizeni (manje sine-11, kanye ne-2 ekwakhiweni kanye no-2 ngaphezulu ngokuhleleka, kanye nemikhumbi encane ye-9 "emikhumbi yokuhlasela" noma i-helicopter carrier);
- Amaphiko ama-Air Force ambalwa;
- Thenga izindlela ezingabizi ezincane ku-F-35 fighter, i-MV-22 Osprey yokukhipha imoto, I-Expeditionary Fighting Vehicle kanye ne-KC-X tanker air;
- Reform phezulu-esindayo izakhiwo zamabutho ezempi (eyodwa jikelele noma izimpi ngamasosha e-1,500 ku-2019);
- Ukuguqula uhlelo lwezempilo lwezempi.
Ngakho-ke, singayinqanda kangakanani imali esabelwe isabelo semali esimweni sokuguquguquka okukhulu okuqhubekayo kumgomo wezwe wase-US nokuzibophezela okusha ekulawuleni umthetho wamazwe omhlaba?
I-US iklanyelwe futhi yakha imishini yempi yokusongela nokuqhuba imisebenzi yezempi ehlaselayo noma kuphi emhlabeni. Iphendula izinkinga, nomaphi lapho zikhona khona futhi kufaka phakathi izinkinga ezizimele ngokwazo, ngokumemezela ukuthi "zonke izinketho zikhona etafuleni," kuhlanganise nokusongelwa kwebutho lempi. Lokho kusongelwa ngokungemthetho, ngokuphula umthetho UN Charter ukuvimbela ukusongelwa noma ukusetshenziswa kwamandla.
Iziphathimandla zase-US zivumela ezombusazwe izinsongo zazo nokusetshenziswa kwazo ngamandla ngokuthi zithi "zivikela izintshisekelo zaseMelika." Kepha, njengomeluleki omkhulu wezomthetho wase-UK utshele uhulumeni wakhe ngesikhathi senhlekelele yaseSuez ngo-1956, “Ukunxenxa kwezintshisekelo ezibalulekile, okube ngesinye sezizathu eziyinhloko zezimpi ezedlule, empeleni yiso kanye lesi sivumelwano (i-UN) esasihloselwe ukusishiya ngaphandle njengesisekelo sokungenelela kuhlonyiwe elinye izwe. ”
Izwe elilodwa elizama ukufaka intando yalo emazweni nakubantu emhlabeni wonke ngokusongela nokusetshenziswa kwamandla akusilo umthetho womthetho - kunjalo imperialism. Abenzi bezinqubomgomo nabezombusazwe abaqhubekayo kufanele bagcizelele ukuthi i-United States kumele iphile ngemithetho ebophezelayo yomthetho wamazwe omhlaba izizukulwane ezedlule zabaholi base-US kanye nabaholi bezwe abavumelene ngazo futhi sahlulela ngayo amanye amazwe. Njengoba umlando wethu wakamuva ukhombisa, okunye okungahle kwenzeke kungokwehla komthetho wehlathi okungalindeleka, nodlame neziyaluyalu ezilokhu zanda njalo emazweni ngamazwe.
Isiphetho
Okokuqala, ukuqeda izikhali zethu zenuzi ngezivumelwano eziningi nezivumelwano zokungavinjelani akuyona nje into engenzeka. Kubalulekile.
Okulandelayo, zingaki izindiza ezindiza ezinamandla ezisebenzisa amandla enuzi esizodinga ukuvikela ugu lwethu, zibambe iqhaza ekubambisaneni ekugcineni imizila yemikhumbi yomhlaba iphephile futhi ibambe iqhaza emisebenzini esemthethweni yokugcinwa kokuthula kwe-UN? Impendulo yalo mbuzo inombolo okufanele siyigcine futhi siyigcine, noma ngabe inguziro.
Ukuhlaziywa okufanayo okulukhuni kumele kusetshenziswe entweni ngayinye kusabelomali samasosha, kusukela ekuvaleni izisekelo kuya ekuthengeni okuningi kwezinhlelo ezikhona noma ezintsha zezikhali. Izimpendulo zayo yonke le mibuzo kumele zincike ezidingweni ezisemthethweni zezwe lethu, hhayi ezombusazwe noma izifiso zikahulumeni jikelele zokunqoba “izimpi ezingekho emthethweni noma ukugoba amanye amazwe entandweni yawo ngempi yezomnotho futhi“ zonke izindlela zisetafuleni ” .
Lokhu kuguqulwa kwenqubomgomo yezangaphandle neyokuvikela yase-US kufanele kwenziwe ngeso elilodwa ngombhalo kaMongameli u-Eisenhower inkulumo yokukhulumisana. Akufanele sivumele ushintsho olubalulekile lomshini wempi wase-US lube uMnyango Wezokuvikela osemthethweni ukuthi ulawulwe noma wonakaliswe "ithonya elingalungile" le-Military-Industrial Complex.
Njengoba u-Eisenhower asho, "Isakhamuzi esiphapheme nesinolwazi kuphela esingaphoqelela ukwenziwa okufanele kwemishini emikhulu yezimboni nezempi yezokuvikela ngezindlela nezinhloso zethu zokuthula, ukuze ezokuphepha nenkululeko zichume ndawonye."
Ngenxa yokunyakaza okudumile kwe-Medicare For All, inani elikhulayo lamaMelika manje liyaqonda ukuthi amazwe anakekele impilo yonke imiphumela engcono yempilo kune-US ngenkathi echitha kuphela isigamu lokho esikuchithayo ekunakekelweni kwempilo. UMnyango wezokuVikela oMthethweni uyosinika nemiphumela engcono yezinqubomgomo zangaphandle ngaphandle kwengxenye yezindleko zemishini yethu yempi yebhajethi.
Ngakho-ke ilungu ngalinye leCongress kufanele livote ngokumelene nengxenye yokugcina yebhajethi yezempi ye-FY2020 eyonakalisa, eyonakele futhi eyingozi. Futhi njengengxenye yokuguqulwa okuqhubekayo nokusemthethweni kwenqubomgomo yase-US yangaphandle nokuvikela, uMengameli olandelayo we-United States, noma ngabe ngubani, kufanele enze kube yinto yokuqala ebalulekile ekunciphiseni imali yase-US okungenani nge-50%.
UNicolas JS Davies ungumlobi we Igazi Ngezandla Zethu: Ukuhlasela KweMelika nokubhujiswa kwe-Iraq, nangesahluko esithi "Obama At War" ku Ukufaka umengameli we-44th. Ungumcwaningi we-CODEPINK: Women For Peace, futhi umbhali ozimele onomsebenzi wakhe ushicilelwe kabanzi ngabezindaba abazimele, abangahlangene nezinkampani.
