Imibutho yabawongwa ngoXolo lweNobel kunye neMibutho yabawongwa ngoXolo, ihlanganisene eRome kwiNgqungquthela ye-14 yeHlabathi yabawongwa ngoXolo lukaNobel ukusuka ngomhla we-12 ukuya kowe-14 kuDisemba, 2014 bakhuphe esi sibhengezo silandelayo malunga neengxoxo zabo:
UKUPHILA ngoXolo
Akukho nto ichasene noxolo njengengqondo yomntu ngaphandle kothando, uvelwano, kunye nokuhlonela ubomi nendalo. Akukho nto ilunge njengomntu okhetha ukuzisa uthando nemfesane kwisenzo.
Kulo nyaka sihlonipha ilifa likaNelson Mandela. Waba ngumzekelo wemigaqo ekunikwa ngayo iBhaso loXolo likaNobel yaye ukhonza njengomzekelo ongaphelelwa lixesha wenyaniso awayephila ngayo. Kunjengokuba ngokwakhe wathi: “Uthando luza ngokwemvelo ngakumbi entliziyweni yomntu kunokuba kwahlukileyo koko.”
Wayenezizathu ezininzi zokulahla ithemba, kwanokucaphukela, kodwa wanyula uthando ngezenzo. Lukhetho esinokulwenza sonke.
Sibuhlungu kukuba asikwazanga ukunika imbeko uNelson Mandela kunye noogxa bakhe abawonga amawonga oXolo eKapa kulo nyaka ngenxa yokwala kukarhulumente woMzantsi Afrika ukunika i-visa kuHH Dalai Lama ukuze akwazi ukuya kucwangciso olucwangcisiweyo. Ingqungquthela eKapa. INgqungquthela ye-14, eyathi yafuduselwa eRome, nangona kunjalo isivumele ukuba sithathele ingqalelo amava awodwa oMzantsi Afrika ekuboniseni ukuba nezona mpikiswano zingenakulungiseka zinokusonjululwa ngoxolo ngokusebenzisa ubutshantliziyo boluntu kunye nothethathethwano.
Njengabawongwa ngewonga leNobel Peace Prize sinikela ubungqina bokuba – njengoko kwenzekile eMzantsi Afrika kule minyaka ingama-25 idlulileyo – utshintsho lokwenzela okulungileyo lunokuphunyezwa. Uninzi lwethu luye lwajongana nemipu kwaye loyisa uloyiko ngokuzibophelela ngokuhlala kunye noxolo.
Uxolo luyakhula apho ulawulo lukhusela abantu abasesichengeni, apho ulawulo lomthetho luzisa ubulungisa kunye nobutyebi bamalungelo abantu, apho imvisiswano nendalo yendalo iphunyezwayo, nalapho iinzuzo zonyamezelo neyantlukwano zizaliseka ngokupheleleyo.
Ugonyamelo luneenkalo ezininzi: ikhethe nenzondelelo yempambano, ubuhlanga nokuthiya abantu basemzini, ukungabi nalwazi nokungaboni ngasonye, ukungabikho kokusesikweni, ukungalingani okunzulu kobutyebi namathuba, ingcinezelo yamabhinqa nabantwana, ukusebenza ngenkani nobukhoboka, ubugrogrisi nemfazwe.
Abantu abaninzi baziva bengenamandla yaye babandezeleka kukugxeka, ukuzingca nokungakhathali. Lukho unyango: xa abantu bezibophelela ekunyamekeleni abanye ngobubele nangemfesane, bayatshintsha baze bakwazi ukwenza iinguqulelo kuxolo lwehlabathi.
Ngumthetho olawula wonke umntu: Simele sibaphathe abanye ngendlela esinqwenela ukuphathwa ngayo. Izizwe, nazo, kufuneka ziphathe ezinye izizwe ngendlela ezinqwenela ukuphathwa ngayo. Xa bengenzi njalo, kulandela isiphithiphithi nogonyamelo. Xa besenza oko, kufunyanwa uzinzo noxolo.
Siyakugxeka ukuxhomekeka okuqhubekayo kubundlobongela njengendlela ephambili yokusombulula iyantlukwano. Akukho zisombululo zomkhosi eSyria, eCongo, eSouth Sudan, eUkraine, eIraq, ePalestine/Israel, eKashmir kunye nezinye iingxabano.
Esinye sezona zisongelo zoxolo yimbono eqhubekayo yamanye amagunya amakhulu anokuthi afezekise iinjongo zawo ngomkhosi womkhosi. Lo mbono udala ingxaki entsha namhlanje. Ukuba uyekwa ungaqwalaselwanga olu tyekelo luya kukhokelela ekwandeni kokujongana nomkhosi kunye neMfazwe entsha eyingozi ngakumbi.
Sikhathazeke kakhulu ngengozi yemfazwe - kubandakanywa imfazwe yenyukliya - phakathi kwamazwe amakhulu. Esi sisongelo sikhulu ngoku kunanini na ukususela kwiMfazwe Yomlomo.
Siyakubongoza ukuba uqaphele kwileta ehlonyelweyo evela kuMongameli uMikhail Gorbachev.
Umkhosi womkhosi ubize umhlaba ngaphezulu kwe-1.7 yezigidi zezigidi zeedola kulo nyaka uphelileyo. Ibahlutha amahlwempu ubuncwane obufuneka ngokungxamisekileyo bophuhliso nokukhusela indalo yomhlaba ibe yongezelela kumathuba emfazwe nako konke ukubandezeleka okukhoyo.
Akukho sivumo sokholo, akukho nkolelo yonqulo efanele igqwethwe ukuze kuthethelelwe ukunyhashwa okunzulu kwamalungelo abantu okanye ukuxhatshazwa kwamabhinqa nabantwana.. Abanqolobi ngabanqolobi. Inzondelelo yempambano ebonakala ngathi yeyonqulo iya kulawuleka ngokulula ngakumbi yaye ipheliswe xa ubulungisa buphuthuma kwabo bahluphekayo, naxa kusenziwa unxibelelwano nentsebenziswano phakathi kwezona zizwe zinamandla.
Abantu abayi-10,000,000 abanamazwe namhlanje. Siyalixhasa iphulo loMkomishinala oPhezulu weeMbacu weZizwe eziManyeneyo lokuphelisa ukungabi nalizwe kwisithuba seminyaka elishumi kunye neenzame zayo zokuphelisa ukubandezeleka kwabantu abangaphezu kwama-50,000,000.
Ubundlobongela obukhoyo obujoliswe kwabasetyhini kunye namantombazana kunye nokunyanzeliswa kobundlobongela obuphathelele kwezesondo kungquzulwano ngamaqela axhobileyo kunye nolawulo lomkhosi lunyhasha ngakumbi amalungelo oluntu abasetyhini, kwaye lenza ukuba bangakwazi ukufezekisa iinjongo zabo zemfundo, inkululeko yokuhamba, uxolo kunye nobulungisa. Sibiza ukuphunyezwa ngokupheleleyo kwazo zonke izigqibo ze-UN ezijongene nabasetyhini, uxolo kunye nokhuseleko kunye nentando yezopolitiko ngoorhulumente belizwe ukwenza oko.
Ukukhusela iGlobal Commons
Akukho lizwe linokukhuseleka xa imozulu, iilwandle namahlathi emvula esemngciphekweni. Ukutshintsha kwemozulu sele kukhokelela kutshintsho olumandla kwimveliso yokutya, iziganeko ezigqithisileyo, ukunyuka kwamaqondo olwandle, ubunzulu beepateni zemozulu, kwaye kwandisa amathuba okuba nobhubhane.
Simema isivumelwano esomeleleyo samazwe ngamazwe sokukhusela imozulu yaseParis ngowama-2015.
Ubuhlwempu noPhuhliso oluZinzileyo
Akwamkelekanga ukuba abantu abangaphezu kwebhiliyoni ezi-2 baphila ngaphantsi kwe-2.00 yeedola ngosuku. Amazwe kufuneka amkele izisombululo ezisebenzayo ezaziwayo zokuphelisa ukungabikho kokusesikweni kubuhlwempu. Bamele baxhase ukugqitywa ngempumelelo kweeNjongo zoPhuhliso oluZinzileyo zeZizwe eziManyeneyo. Sikhuthaza ukwamkelwa kwezindululo zePhaneli yeNqanaba eliPhezulu labaNtu abaHloniphekileyo.
Inyathelo lokuqala lokuphelisa ingcinezelo yoozwilakhe iya kuba kukukhatywa ziibhanki zemali ngenxa yorhwaphilizo lwazo kunye nemiqobo ekuhambeni kwazo.
Amalungelo abantwana kufuneka abe yinxalenye ye-ajenda nganye karhulumente. Simema ukuqinisekiswa kunye nokusetyenziswa kweNgqungquthela yamaLungelo oMntwana.
Umsantsa okhulayo wemisebenzi kufuneka, kwaye unokuvalwa, uvalwe kwaye uthathwe amanyathelo athembekileyo ukunika izigidi zabangeneli abatsha kwimarike yomsebenzi umsebenzi osebenzayo. Umgangatho wentlalo osebenzayo unokuyilwa kwilizwe ngalinye ukuphelisa ezona ndlela zimbi zokuswela. Abantu kufuneka baxhotyiswe ukuba bafune amalungelo abo ezentlalo kunye nedemokhrasi kwaye bafezekise ulawulo olwaneleyo kwiindawo zabo.
Ukuthotywa kwezixhobo zeNyukliya
Zingaphezulu kwe-16,000 izixhobo zenyukliya ehlabathini namhlanje. Njengoko iNkomfa yeHlabathi yesi-3 yamva nje yeMpembelelo yoBuntu yeZixhobo zeNyukliya iye yaqukumbela: impembelelo yokusetyenziswa kwesixhobo esinye kuphela ayamkelekanga. I-100 nje linokuthoba ubushushu bomhlaba ngeqondo eli-1 ngokukaCelsius ubuncinane iminyaka elishumi, nto leyo ebangela ukuphazamiseka okukhulu kwemveliso yokutya emhlabeni wonke kuze kubeke abantu abazibhiliyoni ezi-2 emngciphekweni wendlala. Ukuba siyasilela ukuthintela imfazwe yenyukliya, yonke eminye imizamo yethu yokukhusela uxolo nobulungisa iya kuba lilize. Kufuneka sizibeke amabala, sithintele kwaye siphelise izixhobo zenyukliya.
Intlanganiso eRome, siyalincoma ikhwelo likaPope Francis lamva nje lokuba izixhobo zenyukliya “zivalwe kube kanye”. Siyasamkela isibambiso sikarhulumente wase-Austrian “sokuchonga nokulandela amanyathelo asebenzayo okuvala umsantsa osemthethweni wothintelo nokupheliswa kwezixhobo zenyukliya” kunye “nokusebenzisana nabo bonke abachaphazelekayo ukuze bafezekise le njongo”.
Sibongoza onke amazwe ukuba aqalise uthethathethwano ngesivumelwano sokuvala izixhobo zenyukliya kwangethuba, kwaye emva koko agqibe uthethathethwano kwiminyaka emibini. Oku kuya kuzalisekisa izibophelelo esele zikho ezichazwe kwiSivumelwano sokuLandelwa kweNyukliya, esiza kuphononongwa ngoMeyi wama-2015, kunye nesigwebo esimxhelo mnye seNkundla yoBulungisa yaMazwe ngaMazwe. Uthethathethwano kufuneka luvuleleke kuwo onke amazwe kwaye luvalwe nanye. Isikhumbuzo seminyaka engama-70 sokuqhushumba kwebhombu eHiroshima naseNagasaki ngo-2015 sigxininisa ukungxamiseka kokuphelisa isoyikiso sezi zixhobo.
Zixhobo eziqhelekileyo
Sixhasa umnxeba wokuvalwa kwangaphambili kwezixhobo ezizimeleyo ngokupheleleyo (iirobhothi ezibulalayo) - izixhobo eziya kukwazi ukukhetha nokuhlasela iithagethi ngaphandle kokungenelela kwabantu. Kufuneka sithintele olu hlobo lutsha lwemfazwe engenabuntu.
Sibongoza ukuba kunqunyanyiswe ngokukhawuleza ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ezingakhethi cala kwaye simemelela onke amazwe ukuba azibandakanye kwaye athobele ngokupheleleyo iSivumelwano sokuThintela iMigodi kunye neNkomfa yeZixhobo ezingaMaqela.
Siyakuncoma ukuqalisa ukusebenza kweSivumelwano soRhwebo lweZilwa kwaye sibongoza onke amazwe ukuba azibandakanye nesi siVumelwano.
Umnxeba wethu
Sihlaba ikhwelo kwiinkokeli zezenkolo, zoshishino, iinkokeli zoluntu, iipalamente nabo bonke abantu abaneentliziyo ezilungileyo ukuba basebenzisane nathi ukuze bafezekise le migaqo nemigaqo-nkqubo.
Imilinganiselo yabantu ezukisa ubomi, amalungelo abantu nokhuseleko, ifuneka ngakumbi kunanini na ngaphambili ukuze ikhokele iintlanga. Akukhathaliseki nokuba zeziphi na iintlanga mntu ngamnye unokwenza umahluko. UNelson Mandela wayephila ngoxolo kwisisele sentolongo esilolo, esikhumbuza ukuba singaze singayihoyi eyona ndawo ibalulekileyo apho uxolo kufuneka luphile - ngaphakathi kwentliziyo yomntu ngamnye wethu. Kukuloo ndawo apho yonke into, kwanezizwe, inokuguqulwa ibe yinto entle.
Sikhuthaza usasazo olubanzi kunye nokufundwa kwe UMqulu weHlabathi elingenaBundlobongela yamkelwa yiNgqungquthela ye-8 yeNobel Peace Laureate eRome ngo-2007.
Okuqhotyoshelwe apha lunxibelelwano olubalulekileyo oluvela kuMongameli uMikhail Gorbachev. Akazange akwazi ukusijoyina eRoma ngenxa yeenkxalabo zempilo. Ungumseki weeNgqungquthela zeNobel Peace Laureate kwaye sibongoza ukuba uqaphele olu ngenelelo lulumkileyo:
Ileta kaMikhail Gorbachev eya kubathathi-nxaxheba kwiForam yeNobel Laureates
Bahlobo abathandekayo,
Ndiyaxolisa kakhulu kuba andikwazi ukuthatha inxaxheba kwintlanganiso yethu kodwa ndiyavuya kuba, ngokwenyani ngokwesithethe sethu esiqhelekileyo, nihlanganisene eRoma ukuze nenze ilizwi labawongwa ngeMbasa yeNobel livakale kwihlabathi liphela.
Namhlanje, ndiziva ndinenkxalabo enkulu ngemeko yaseYurophu neyehlabathi.
Ihlabathi lihamba ngexesha leenkathazo. Ungquzulwano oluye lwaqhambuka eYurophu lusongela uzinzo kwaye lujongela phantsi amandla ayo okudlala indima entle kwihlabathi. Iziganeko kuMbindi Mpuma zithatha ithuba eliyingozi. Kukho ungquzulwano oluqhumayo okanye olunokubakho kweminye imimandla ngelixa imingeni ekhulayo yehlabathi yokhuseleko, intlupheko kunye nokubola kokusingqongileyo ayilungiswanga kakuhle.
Abaqulunqi bemigaqo-nkqubo abaphenduli kwiinyani ezintsha zehlabathi. Siye sabona ukulahlekelwa yintlekele yokuthembana kubudlelwane bamazwe ngamazwe. Ukugweba ngeengxelo zabameli bamagunya amakhulu, balungiselela ukujongana nexesha elide.
Kufuneka senze konke esinako ukuphelisa le mikhwa iyingozi. Sifuna izimvo ezintsha, ezibambekayo kunye nezindululo eziya kunceda isizukulwana sangoku seenkokheli zopolitiko ukoyisa ingxaki enkulu yobudlelwane bamazwe ngamazwe, ukubuyisela iingxoxo eziqhelekileyo, nokudala amaziko kunye neendlela ezihambelana neemfuno zehlabathi lanamhlanje.
Kutshanje ndibeke izindululo ezinokunceda ukuhlehla kumlo omtsha obandayo kwaye ndiqalise ukubuyisela intembeko kwimicimbi yamazwe ngamazwe. Ngokwenyani, ndicebisa oku kulandelayo:
- ukugqiba ukuqalisa ukuphumeza izivumelwano zeMinsk zokusombulula ingxaki yaseUkraine;
- ukunciphisa ubunzulu bengxwabangxwaba kunye nokutyholana;
- ukuvumelana ngamanyathelo okuthintela intlekele yoluntu kunye nokwakha kwakhona imimandla echatshazelwa lungquzulwano;
- ukubamba uthethathethwano malunga nokomeleza amaziko kunye neendlela zokhuseleko eYurophu;
- ukuvuselela iinzame ezifanayo zokujongana nemingeni yehlabathi kunye nezoyikiso.
Ndiqinisekile ukuba i-Nobel Laureate nganye ingenza igalelo ekoyiseni imeko yangoku enobungozi kwaye ibuyele kwindlela yoxolo kunye nentsebenziswano.
Ndikunqwenelela impumelelo kwaye ndinethemba lokukubona.
Le Ngqungquthela yayizinyaswe ngabantu abalishumi abawongwa ngewonga leNobel Peace:
- Ubungcwele bakhe XIV Dalai Lama
- Shirin Ebadi
- Leymah Gbowee
- UTawakkol Karman
- Mairead Maguire
- UJosé Ramos-Horta
- UWilliam David Trimble
- Betty Williams
- Jody Williams
kunye nemibutho elishumi elinesibini eyawongwa ngewonga leNobel Peace Prize:
- IKomiti yeeNkonzo zaseMelika
- Amnesty International
- Komishoni yaseYurophu
- Iphulo leHlabathi lokuValwa iLandimnes
- Umbutho wamazwe ngamazwe
- Iphaneli yoorhulumente ngokutshintsha kwemozulu
- I-International Peace Bureau
- Oogqirha bamazwe ngamaZwe okuPhephelwa kweMfazwe yeNyukliya
- Umbutho woThintelo lweZixhobo zeMichiza
- IiNkomfa zePugwash kwiNzululwazi kunye neMicimbi yeHlabathi
- UMkomishinala oMkhulu weZizwe eziManyeneyo wabaFuduki
- amazwe adbeneyo
Nangona kunjalo, aziyixhasi yonke imiba yemvumelwano ngokubanzi evele kwiingxoxo zeNgqungquthela.
