NguDavid Swanson, World BEYOND War, UJanuwari 24, 2023
Incwadi kaTariq Ali, UWinston Churchill: Amaxesha akhe, amatyala akhe, sisibali esigqwesileyo kwipropaganda engachanekanga ngoWinston Churchill eyinto eqhelekileyo. Kodwa ukuze uyonwabele le ncwadi, kufuneka ujonge nembali yabantu ejikelezayo yenkulungwane yama-20 kunye nezihloko ezahlukeneyo ezinomdla kuTariq Ali, kubandakanya inkolelo ethile kubukomanisi kunye nokufudumala (kunye nokungahoywa kwesenzo esingenabundlobongela esivela kumbhali ikhuthaze iindibano zoxolo), kuba uninzi lwencwadi alukho ngqo malunga noWinston Churchill. (Mhlawumbi kwiindawo ezikhankanya uChurchill unokufumana inguqulelo ye-elektroniki kwaye ukhangele igama lakhe.)
UChurchill wayenekratshi, engaguquki, engumxhasi wobuhlanga, ubukoloniyali, ukubulawa kwabantu, ukulwa, izixhobo zekhemikhali, izixhobo zenyukliya, nenkohlakalo, kwaye wayezigwagwisa ngokungenazintloni ngayo yonke loo nto. Wayengumchasi okhohlakeleyo malunga naluphi na ukusetyenziswa okanye ukwandiswa kwedemokhrasi, ukusuka ekwandiseni ivoti kubasetyhini ukuya phambili. Wayethiywe kakhulu, esoloko engxoliswa kwaye eqhankqalaza, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ehlaselwa ngobundlobongela, eNgilani ngomhla wakhe, engakhathali kakhulu kwihlabathi liphela, ngenxa yokuphatha kakubi kwakhe abantu abasebenzayo, kubandakanywa nabasebenzi basemgodini awayebajongise emkhosini. njengokufudumeza kwakhe.
UChurchill, njengoko kubhalwe ngu-Ali, wakhula ethanda uBukhosi baseBritane apho ukufa kwakhe wayeya kudlala indima enkulu. Wayecinga ukuba iintlambo zase-Afghan kufuneka "zicocwe kwizinambuzane eziyingozi ezizihlayo" (okuthetha abantu). Wayefuna izixhobo zekhemikhali zisetyenziswe ngokuchasene "neentlanga ezincinci." Abo baphantsi kwakhe bamisa iinkampu zoxinaniso ezoyikekayo eKenya. Wayewathiyile amaYuda, kwaye ngeminyaka yee-1920s kwavakala kungenakuhlukaniswa noHitler, kodwa kamva wakholelwa ukuba amaYuda ayengaphezulu ngokwaneleyo kumaPalestina kangangokuba aba bamva bafanele bangabi namalungelo ngaphezu kwezinja ezilahlekileyo. Wadlala indima ekudalweni kwendlala e-Bengal, ngaphandle kokukhathazeka okuncinci kubomi bomntu. Kodwa wayekuthanda ukusebenzisa ubundlobongela basemkhosini ngeendlela ezilinganiselweyo ngokuchasene neBritane, kwaye ngakumbi iIrish, abaqhankqalazi ngokuchasene nabahlala kude.
UChurchill waqhuba ngononophelo urhulumente waseBritane kwiMfazwe Yehlabathi I, esilwa namathuba ahlukeneyo okukuphepha okanye ukuyiphelisa. Eli bali (kumaphepha 91-94, kunye ne-139 ka-Ali) ngokuqinisekileyo awaziwa kangako, njengoko abaninzi bevuma ukuba i-WWI yayinokuphetshwa ngokulula ngelixa becinga ukuba ukuqhubeka kwayo kwi-WWII kwakungenakuba (nangona uChurchill ebanga ukuba wayenokuba) . UChurchill wayejongene nentlekele ebulalayo yaseGallipoli, kunye nomzamo oyintlekele wokutshisa ekuzalweni kwakhe oko wayeza kukubona ngokukhawuleza kwaye ukususela ngoku njengotshaba lwakhe oluphezulu, iSoviet Union, apho wayefuna ukuyisebenzisa, kwaye wasebenzisa, ityhefu. igesi. UChurchill uncede ukudweba uMbindi Mpuma, ukudala iintlanga kunye neentlekele kwiindawo ezifana ne-Iraq.
UChurchill wayengumxhasi wokunyuka kobuFasi, umlandeli omkhulu kaMussolini, echukunyiswe nguHitler, umxhasi omkhulu kaFranco nasemva kwemfazwe, nomxhasi wokusetyenziswa kobuFasi kwiindawo ngeendawo zehlabathi emva kwemfazwe. Ngokufanayo wayengumxhasi wokunyuka komkhosi eJapan njengendawo yokuzikhusela kwiSoviet Union. Kodwa emva kokuba ethathe isigqibo ngeWWII, wayenenkuthalo yokuphepha uxolo njengoko wayeneWWI. (Ngokungathandabuzekiyo, abantu abaninzi baseNtshona namhlanje bakholelwa ukuba wayechanekile kulo mzekelo wamva, ukuba le mvumi yenowuthi enye ekugqibeleni yayifumene i-symphony yembali eyayifuneka kuyo. Ukuba le yimpazamo ingxoxo ende.)
UChurchill wahlasela waza watshabalalisa inkcaso yobuNazi eGrisi waza wafuna ukwenza iGrisi ibe lithanga laseBritani, edala imfazwe yamakhaya eyabulala abantu abamalunga nama-600,000. UChurchill wavuyela ukuwiswa kwezixhobo zenyukliya eJapan, wakuchasa ukudilizwa koBukhosi baseBhritane ngamanyathelo onke, waxhasa ukutshatyalaliswa kweNorth Korea, kwaye yayingoyena mbutho uphambili emva kobhukuqo-mbuso lwase-US e-Iran ngo-1953 obangela ukubuyisela oku. usuku.
Konke oku kungasentla kubhalwe kakuhle ngu-Ali kwaye uninzi lwayo ngabanye kwaye uninzi lwayo lwaziwa kakuhle, ukanti uChurchill unikezelwe kuthi kumatshini we-infotainment weekhompyuter zethu kunye nomabonakude njengomkhuseli obalaseleyo wedemokhrasi nokulunga.
Kukho neengongoma ezimbalwa ezongezelelekileyo endithe ndothuswa kukungazifumani kwincwadi ka-Ali.
UChurchill wayengumxhasi omkhulu we-eugenics kunye nokuvala inzala. Bendingathanda ukufunda eso sahluko.
Ke kukho umcimbi wokufumana iUnited States kwiWWI. I ELusitania wahlaselwa yiJamani ngaphandle kwesilumkiso, ngexesha leWWI, sixelelwa kwiincwadi ezibhaliweyo zase-US, nangona iJamani ipapashe izilumkiso kumaphephandaba aseNew York kunye namaphephandaba ajikeleze iUnited States. Ezi zilumkiso zazinjalo eprintiweyo ekunene ecaleni kweentengiso zokuhamba ngesikhephe kwi ELusitania zaza zasayinwa kwindlu yozakuzo yaseJamani. Amaphephandaba abhale amanqaku malunga nezilumkiso. Inkampani yeCunard yabuzwa malunga nezilumkiso. Owayengukapteni we ELusitania wayesele eyekile - kuxelwe ukuba kungenxa yoxinzelelo lokuhamba ngesikhephe kwinto iJamani yayibhengeze esidlangalaleni indawo yemfazwe. Ngelo xesha uWinston Churchill wabhala kuMongameli weBhodi yezoRhwebo yaseBritani, “Kubaluleke kakhulu ukutsala iinqanawa ezingathathi hlangothi kunxweme lwethu ngethemba lokudibanisa iUnited States neJamani.” Kwakuphantsi komyalelo wakhe ukuba ukhuseleko lomkhosi waseBritani oluqhelekileyo alunikezelwanga ELusitania, nangona uCunard echaze ukuba yayithembele kuloo khuseleko. Loo nto ELusitania yayiphethe izixhobo kunye nemikhosi yokunceda iBritane kwimfazwe echasene neJamani kwaqinisekiswa yiJamani kunye nabanye abakhi-mkhanyo, kwaye yayinyani. Ukutshona i ELusitania yayisisenzo esoyikekayo sokubulala abantu abaninzi, kodwa yayingelohlaselo olumangalisayo ngobubi ngokuchasene nokulunga okunyulu, kwaye lwenziwa ukuba lube nokwenzeka ngokusilela komkhosi wasemanzini kaChurchill ukuba ube apho ubufanele ukuba khona.
Ke kukho umcimbi wokufumana iUnited States kwiWWII. Nokuba ukholelwa ukuba esona senzo silungileyo esakhe sathathwa nguye nabani na, kuyafaneleka ukwazi ukuba ibandakanya ukudalwa kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamaxwebhu omgunyathi kunye nobuxoki, njengemephu yenkohliso yezicwangciso zamaNazi zokukrola uMzantsi Melika okanye icebo lobuNazi kuphelisa unqulo ehlabathini. Imephu ubuncinci yayiyipropaganda yendalo yaseBritane esondliwa kwi-FDR. Ngo-Agasti 12, 1941, uRoosevelt wadibana ngokufihlakeleyo noChurchill eNewfoundland waza wayila i-Atlantic Charter, eyayichaza iinjongo zemfazwe eUnited States eyayingekabikho ngokusemthethweni. yaliwe. Emva kwale ntlanganiso efihlakeleyo, ngoAgasti 18th, UChurchill wadibana nekhabhinethi yakhe emva kwe-10 Downing Street eLondon. UChurchill uxelele ikhabhinethi yakhe, ngokutsho kwemizuzu: “UMongameli [waseMelika] uthe uza kulwa imfazwe kodwa angayibhengezi, kwaye uya kuba nomsindo ngakumbi. Ukuba amaJamani ayengayithandi, ayenokuhlasela imikhosi yaseMelika. Kwakuza kwenziwa yonke into ukuze kunyanzeliswe ‘isiganeko’ esasinokukhokelela emfazweni.” (Icatshulwe lilungu leNgqungquthela uJeanette Rankin kwiNgxelo yeCongressional, kaDisemba 7, 1942.) Abasasazi bobuxoki baseBritani nabo baye baxoxa ukususela ubuncinane ngowe-1938 ngokusebenzisa iJapan ukuzisa iUnited States emfazweni. KwiNkomfa yeAtlantiki ngoAgasti 12, 1941, uRoosevelt waqinisekisa uChurchill ukuba iUnited States yayiza kuzisa uxinzelelo lwezoqoqosho eJapan. Kwisithuba seveki, enyanisweni, iBhodi yoKhuselo loQoqosho yaqalisa izohlwayo zezoqoqosho. NgoSeptemba 3, 1941, iSebe leLizwe laseUnited States lathumela iJapan ukuba yamkele umgaqo “wokungaphazamisi imeko ekhoyo kwiPasifiki,” nto leyo ethetha ukuba iyeke ukujika amathanga aseYurophu abe ngamathanga aseJapan. NgoSeptemba 1941 ijelo lokushicilela laseJapan lalicatshukiswa kukuba iUnited States yayiqalise ukuthumela ioli idlula kanye eJapan ukuze ifike eRashiya. IJapan, amaphephandaba ayo athi, ibifa kancinci ngenxa “yemfazwe yezoqoqosho.” NgoSeptemba, ngo-1941, uRoosevelt wabhengeza umgaqo-nkqubo "wokudubula ngokubonakalayo" kuyo nayiphi na inqanawa yaseJamani okanye yase-Italiya emanzini ase-US.
UChurchill wavala iJamani ngaphambi kweWWII ngenjongo ecacileyo yokulamba abantu basweleke-isenzo esagwetywa nguMongameli wase-US uHerbert Hoover, kunye nesenzo esathintela iJamani ukuba igxothe ngubani owaziyo ukuba mangaphi amaYuda kunye namanye amaxhoba kwiinkampu zabo zokufa kamva - iimbacu. UChurchill wenqaba ukufuduka ngamanani amakhulu kwaye xa befika ngamanani amancinci abavalele.
UChurchill naye waba negalelo ekumiseleni ibhombu kwindawo ekujoliswe kuyo. NgoMatshi 16, 1940, iibhombu zaseJamani zabulala ummi waseBritani. NgoAprili 12, 1940, iJamani yatyhola iBritani ngokuqhushumba kumgaqo kaloliwe eSchleswig-Holstein, kude nawo nawuphi na ummandla wemfazwe; eBritani khanyela yona. NgoAprili 22, 1940, eBritani ibhomu Oslo, eNorway. NgoAprili 25, 1940, iBritani yadubula idolophu yaseJamani iHeide. Jemani soyisiwe ukuqhushumbisa abemi baseBritani ukuba iBhritane iqhushumbisi kwiindawo ezihlala abantu. NgoMeyi 10, 1940, iJamani yahlasela iBelgium, iFransi, iLuxembourg, neNetherlands. NgoMeyi 14, 1940, iJamani yadubula ibhombu abemi baseDatshi eRotterdam. NgoMeyi 15, 1940, nangeentsuku ezilandelayo, iBritani yaqhushumbisa abemi baseJamani eGelsenkirchen, eHamburg, Bremen, Cologne, Essen, Duisburg, Düsseldorf, naseHanover. UChurchill uthe, "Kufuneka silindele ukuba eli lizwe libe yimbuyekezo." Kananjalo nge-15 kaMeyi, uChurchill wayalela ukuba kuqokelelwe kunye nokuvalelwa entolongweni ngasemva kocingo oluhlabayo “lwabaphambukeli beentshaba kunye nabantu abarhanelwayo,” uninzi lwabo ababeziimbacu ezingamaYuda. NgoMeyi 30, 1940, ikhabhinethi yaseBritani yaxoxa ngokuqhubeka nemfazwe okanye yenze uxolo, yaza yagqiba kwelokuba iqhubeke nemfazwe. Iziqhushumbisi zabemi balapho zanda kakhulu, kwaye zanda kakhulu emva kokuba iUnited States ingene emfazweni. IUnited States neBritani zatshabalalisa izixeko zaseJamani. IUnited States yatshisa izixeko zaseJapan; abahlali "batshiswe kwaye babiliswa kwaye babhakwa bafa" ngamazwi kaNjengele yase-US uCurtis LeMay.
Ke kukho umcimbi wokuba uChurchill wacebisa ntoni ekupheleni kweWWII. Ngokukhawuleza emva kokuzinikela kweJamani, uWinston Churchill cetywayo kusetyenziswa imikhosi yamaNazi kunye nemikhosi emanyeneyo ukuhlasela iSoviet Union, ilizwe elalisandula ukwenza owona msebenzi mkhulu wokoyisa amaNazi. Esi ibingesiso isindululo esiphuma ecaleni. I-US kunye neBritane yayifuna kwaye yafumana ukuzinikela kweJamani ngokuyinxenye, yayigcine imikhosi yaseJamani ixhobile kwaye ilungile, kwaye yayixubusha abalawuli baseJamani malunga nezifundo ezifundwe ekungaphumeleli kwabo kumaRashiya. Ukuhlasela amaRashiya kwakamsinyane kwaba ngumbono owakhuthazwa nguNjengele uGeorge Patton, kwanokungena kukaHitler uAdmiral Karl Donitz, singasathethi ke ngoAllen Dulles kunye neOSS. UDulles wenza uxolo olwahlukileyo kunye neJamani e-Italiya ukunqumla amaRussia, kwaye waqala ukonakalisa idemokhrasi eYurophu kwangoko kwaye waxhobisa amaNazi angaphambili eJamani, kunye nokubangenisa emkhosini wase-US ukuba agxile kwimfazwe echasene neRussia. Xa imikhosi yase-US kunye neSoviet yadibana okokuqala eJamani, babengazange baxelelwe ukuba basemfazweni. Kodwa engqondweni kaWinston Churchill babenjalo. Ayikwazanga ukuqalisa imfazwe eshushu, yena noTruman nabanye baqalisa ebandayo.
Akukho sidingo sokubuza ukuba le monster yomntu yaba yingcwele ye-Rules Based Order njani. Nantoni na inokwenziwa ukuba ikholelwe ngokuphindaphinda okungapheliyo kunye nokungenziwa. Umbuzo omele uzibuze wona ngowokuba kutheni. Kwaye ndicinga ukuba impendulo ichanekile. Intsomi esisiseko yazo zonke iintsomi ze-US ezikhethekileyo yiWWII, ukulunga kwayo okuzukileyo kobugorha. Kodwa le yingxaki kubalandeli beqela lezopolitiko laseRiphabhlikhi abafuni kunqula iFDR okanye iTruman. Ngenxa yoko, uChurchill. Ungayithanda iTrump okanye iBiden KUNYE NECHURCHILL. Wakhelwe kwinto eyintsomi ngexesha leMfazwe yaseFalklands kunye neThatcher kunye neReagan. Intsomi yakhe yongezwa ngexesha le-2003-isigaba sokuqala semfazwe yase-Iraq. Ngoku ngoxolo olungenakuchazwa eWashington DC unxweme kwikamva enengozi encinci yokuphazamiseka kwerekhodi yokwenyani.
