NguMedea Benjamin noNicolas JS Davies, World BEYOND War, UJanuwari 28, 2021
Uninzi lwabantu lujonga unyango lukaTrump lwabantwana bamanye amazwe njengolona lwaphulo-mthetho lukhwankqisayo njengomongameli. Imifanekiso yamakhulu abantwana abiwe kwiintsapho zabo kwaye bavalelwa kwiintambo zonxibelelwano zihlazo ezingalibalekiyo ukuba uMongameli Biden kufuneka ahambe ngokukhawuleza ukulungisa imigaqo-nkqubo yokufudukela kwelinye ilizwe kunye nenkqubo yokufumana ngokukhawuleza iintsapho zabantwana kwaye azimatanise kwakhona, naphi na apho bakhoyo.
Umgaqo-nkqubo kaTrump obhengezwe kancinci obabulala abantwana yayikukufezekiswa kwezithembiso zakhe zephulo "yibhombise ikakaIintshaba zaseMelika kunyebathathe i zabo intsapho. ” UTrump wandise u-Obama phulo lokuqhuma ngokuchasene neTaliban e-Afghanistan kunye ne-Islamic State e-Iraq nase-Syria, kunye ikhululiwe Imithetho yase-US yokuzibandakanya ngokubhekisele kwi-airstrikes ezaziza kuthi zibabulale abahlali.
Emva kokubhubhisa iibhombu zaseMelika ezabulala amashumi amawaka yabemi kwaye bashiya izixeko ezikhulu kumabhodlo, amahlakani aseIraq aseMelika azalisekise ezothusayo zikaTrump kwaye babulawa abasindileyo-amadoda, abafazi nabantwana-eMosul.
Kodwa ukubulawa kwabantu abahlali kwimfazwe yaseMelika emva kwe-9/11 khange aqale kunye neTrump. Kwaye ayizukuphela, okanye ide inciphe, phantsi kweBiden, ngaphandle kokuba uluntu lunyanzelise ukuba ukubulawa kwenkqubo yabantwana yaseMelika nabanye abantu kuphele.
The Misa iMfazwe yaBantwana Iphulo, eliqhutywa ngumbutho wesisa waseBritane iSave the Children, lipapasha iingxelo ezibonisa ububi eUnited States namanye amaqela alwayo ahlasela abantwana kwihlabathi liphela.
Ingxelo yayo yowama-2020, Ababuleweyo nabaKhubazekileyo: isizukulwana solwaphulo-mthetho ngokuchasene nabantwana abakungquzulwano, baxela ama-250,000 e-UN abhalwe uxwebhu lokunyhashwa kwamalungelo oluntu kwimimandla yemfazwe ukusukela ngo-2005, kubandakanya neziganeko ezingaphezu kwe-100,000 apho abantwana babulawa okanye bonzakaliswa. Kufumanise ukuba abantwana abangama-426,000,000 ngoku bahlala kwimimandla enongquzulwano, inani lesibini liphezulu kunanini na ngaphambili, kwaye, "... imikhwa kule minyaka idlulileyo yeyokwanda kolwaphulo-mthetho, ukwanda kwenani labantwana abachaphazeleke kungquzulwano kunye neengxaki eziqhubeka ngokuqhubekayo."
Uninzi lokonzakala kwabantwana luvela kwizixhobo ezinesiqhushumbisi ezinje ngeebhombu, imijukujelwa, iziqhushumbisi, udaka kunye nee-IED. Ngo-2019, Olunye ufundisisa iMisa iMfazwe yaBantwana, ekonzakaleni kogqabhuko-dubulo, kwafunyaniswa ukuba ezi zixhobo zenzelwe ukonakalisa ezona zinto kujoliswe kuzo emkhosini zonakalisa kakhulu imizimba yabantwana, kwaye zenzakalisa ngakumbi abantwana kunabantu abadala. Phakathi kwabaguli kuqhushumbo lwabantwana, iipesenti ezingama-80 zenzakala entloko, xa kuthelekiswa ne-31% kuphela yabantu abagulayo, kwaye abantwana abenzakeleyo banamathuba angama-10 okufumana ukonzakala kwengqondo kunabantu abadala.
Kwiimfazwe e-Afghanistan, e-Iraq, eSyria nase-Yemen, i-US kunye nemikhosi edibeneyo ixhobile ngezixhobo ezonakalisayo kwaye ixhomekeke kakhulu airstrikes, kunye nesiphumo sokuba i-akhawunti yokulimala kwenzakala phantse iikota ezintathu Yokwenzakala ebantwaneni, iphindaphindwe kabini inani elifunyenwe kwezinye iimfazwe. Ukuthembela e-US kwi-airstrikes kukwakhokelela ekutshatyalalisweni kwamakhaya nakwiziseko zophuhliso zoluntu, kushiya abantwana bevelele ngakumbi kuzo zonke iimpembelelo zemfazwe, kwindlala kunye nendlala kwezinye izifo ezinokuthintelwa okanye ezinokunyangeka.
Isisombululo esikhawulezileyo kule ngxaki yamazwe aphesheya kukuba i-United States iphelise iimfazwe zayo yangoku kwaye iyeke ukuthengisa izixhobo kumahlakani alwa nabamelwane bawo okanye abulale abantu. Ukurhoxa kwimikhosi yase-US kunye nokuphelisa i-airstrikes yase-US kuya kuvumela i-UN kunye nehlabathi liphela ukuba lihlanganise iinkqubo ezisemthethweni, ezingakhethi cala zokunceda amaxhoba aseMelika akhe ubomi bawo kunye noluntu. UMongameli Biden kufuneka abonelele ngesisa kwimfazwe yase-US ukuxhasa ngezimali ezi nkqubo, kubandakanya eyakha kwakhona waseMosul, Raqqa kunye nezinye izixeko ezatshatyalaliswa yibhombu yaseMelika.
Ukuthintela iimfazwe ezintsha zase-US, ulawulo lweBiden kufuneka luzinikele ekuthatheni inxaxheba kwaye luhambisane nemithetho yomthetho wamazwe aphesheya, ekufuneka ebophelele kuwo onke amazwe, nkqu nezona zityebi zinamandla.
Ngelixa kuhlawulwa ngomlomo kulawulo lomthetho kunye "nemithetho esekwe kwimithetho", i-United States ibisoloko iqaphela kuphela umthetho wehlathi kwaye "ingenza ilunge," ngokungathi Itshata ye-UN Ukuthintelwa kwesoyikiso okanye ukusetyenziswa kwamandla bekungekho kwaye imeko ekhuselweyo yabemi phantsi kwe KwiiNdibano zeGenesva ibiphantsi kwengqiqo ye ayichazeki Amagqwetha karhulumente waseMelika. Le charade yokubulala kufuneka iphele.
Ngaphandle kokungathathi-nxaxheba nokudelela e-US, ilizwe liphela liqhubekile nokuphuhlisa iimvumelwano ezisebenzayo zokuqinisa imigaqo yomthetho wamanye amazwe. Umzekelo, izivumelwano zokuthintela izigcayiseli kwaye izixhobo ezisebenzisanayo bakugqibe ngempumelelo ukusebenzisa kwabo amazwe athe abaqinisekisa.
Ukuvalwa kwemigodi yomhlaba kusindise amashumi amawaka obomi babantwana, kwaye akukho lizwe liyinxalenye yesivumelwano seqela elisebenzisileyo ukusukela oko kwamkelwa ngo-2008, kunciphisa inani leebhombu ezingachazwanga ezilindele ukubulala nokuqhwalelisa abantwana abangalindelanga. Ulawulo lweBiden kufuneka lusayine, luqinisekise kwaye luhambisane nezi zivumelwano, kunye ngaphezulu kwamashumi amane ezinye izivumelwano zamazwe amaninzi i-US ayiphumelelanga ukuqinisekiswa.
Abantu baseMelika kufuneka baxhase inethiwekhi yamanye amazwe kwizixhobo zokuqhushumba (ENTSHA), efuna ukuba Isibhengezo se-UN ukuthintela ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ezinobundlobongela kwiindawo ezisezidolophini, apho iipesenti ezingama-90 zabantu abonzakeleyo bengabantu nje kwaye uninzi ngabantwana. Njengoko Gcina aBantwana Ukonzakala kokuqhuma Ingxelo ithi, "Izixhobo zokuqhushumba, kubandakanya iibhombu zeenqwelomoya, iirokethi kunye noombayimbayi, ziyilelwe ukusetyenziswa kwiindawo ezivulekileyo zemfazwe, kwaye azifanelekanga kwaphela ukuba zisetyenziswe ezidolophini nakwizixeko nakubantu abahlali."
Inyathelo lehlabathi elinenkxaso enkulu yengingqi kunye namandla okusindisa umhlaba ekuphelisweni kobuninzi siSivumelwano sokuThintela izixhobo zenyukliya (I-TPNW), eyaqala ukusebenza ngoJanuwari 22 emva kokuba iHonduras yaba lilizwe lama-50 ukuyivuma. Imvumelwano ekhulayo yamazwe aphesheya yokuba ezi zixhobo zokuzibulala kufuneka zipheliswe kwaye zingavunyelwa ziya kubeka uxinzelelo kwi-US nakwezinye izixhobo zenyukliya kwiNkomfa yoPhononongo ka-Agasti ka-2021. I-NPT (ISivumelwano seNyukliya esingasasazisiyo).
Ukusukela eUnited States naseRussia usenayo i-90% yezixhobo zenyukliya emhlabeni, eyona nto iphambili ekuphelisweni kwabo ilele kuMongameli uBiden noPutin. Ukongezwa kweminyaka emihlanu kwiSivumelwano esitsha sokuQala uBiden noPutin abavumelene ngaso ziindaba ezilungileyo. I-United States kunye ne-Russia kufuneka zisebenzise ukwandiswa komnqophiso kunye noVavanyo lwe-NPT njengezinto ezinokubangela ukunciphisa ngakumbi ukugcwala kwabo kunye nozakuzo lokwenyani ukuqhubela phambili ngokupheliswa.
I-United States ayenzi nje imfazwe kubantwana ngeebhombu, imijukujelwa kunye neembumbulu. Ikwafumana umvuzo imfazwe yezoqoqosho ngeendlela ezichaphazela ngokungalinganiyo abantwana, ukuthintela amazwe afana neIran, iVenezuela, iCuba neNorth Korea ekungeniseni ukutya nokutya amayeza afunekayo okanye ukufumana izibonelelo abazifunayo ukuzithenga.
Ezi zohlwayo yindlela ekhohlakeleyo yemfazwe yezoqoqosho kunye nezohlwayo ngokuhlangeneyo ezishiya abantwana bebulawa yindlala kunye nezifo ezinokuthintelwa, ngakumbi ngeli xesha lobhubhane. Amagosa e-UN acele iNkundla yamazwe ngaMazwe ukuba iphande ngezohlwayo ezingekhoyo e-US zolwaphulo mthetho. Ulawulo lweBiden kufuneka lususe kwangoko zonke izohlwayo zoqoqosho ezingakhethi cala.
Ngaba uMongameli uJoe Biden uza kuthatha amanyathelo okukhusela abantwana behlabathi kwezona zenzo zimasikizi zilusizi eMelika? Akukho nto kwirekhodi lakhe elide kubomi boluntu ebonisa ukuba uya kwenza njalo, ngaphandle kokuba uluntu lwaseMelika kunye nehlabathi liphela lisebenze ngokudibeneyo nangokufanelekileyo ukunyanzelisa ukuba iMelika iphelise imfazwe yabantwana kwaye ekugqibeleni ibe lilungu elinoxanduva lokugcina umthetho. usapho.
UMedea uBenjamin ungumcebisi CODEPINK yoxolo, kunye nombhali weencwadi ezininzi, kubandakanya Ngaphakathi kwe-Iran: Imbali Yembali kunye nezopolitiko zeRiphabhliki yase-Iran.
UNicolas JS Davies yintatheli ezimeleyo, umphandi nge-CODEPINK kunye nombhali we Igazi Ngezandla Zethu: Ukumenywa kweMelika kunye nokubhujiswa kweIraq.
