NguDavid Swanson, World BEYOND War, Septemba 12, 2021
Ngo-2002, amaqela amabhinqa ase-US athumela ileta edibeneyo kuMongameli welo xesha uGeorge W. Bush exhasa imfazwe e-Afghanistan ukuze izuze abantu basetyhini. UGloria Steinem (owayefudula eyi-CIA), uEve Ensler, uMeryl Streep, uSusan Sarandon, kunye nabanye abaninzi batyikitya. Umbutho weSizwe wabaseTyhini, uHillary Clinton, kunye noMadeline Albright bayayixhasa imfazwe.
Iminyaka emininzi yayiyimfazwe eyintlekele eyayibonakalise ukuba ayizuzanga kubafazi, kwaye yabulala, yalimaza, yahlukumeza, kwaye yenza inani labasetyhini elingenamakhaya, nditsho neAmnesty International yayisakhuthaza imfazwe yabasetyhini.
Nokuba le minyaka ingama-20 kamva, ngengqondo ephilileyo, uhlalutyo oluyinyani lufumaneka ngokulula kwiimfazwe ezininzi "zoloyiko," uMbutho weSizwe wabaseTyhini kunye namaqela ahambelana nawo kunye nabantu bayanceda ukuqhubela phambili ubhaliso oluyimfuneko kubhaliso lwabasetyhini kwi-US Congress ngezizathu zokuba ilungelo lobufazi lokunyanzelwa ngokulinganayo ngokuchasene nentando yakho yokubulala nokufela u-Lockheed Martin we-CEO yabasetyhini.
Incwadi entsha kaRafia Zakaria, Ngokuchasene nabasetyhini abaMhlophe, iingcaphephe zexesha elidlulileyo nelikhoyo ngoku lobufazi baseNtshona kungekuphela ngenxa yobuhlanga bayo kodwa ikwicandelo layo, ubuzwilakhe, ubukhethe balo kunye nohlanga lwabemi balo. Nayiphi na intetho, yezopolitiko okanye enye into, iya kuhlala incanyathiselwe kubuhlanga kuluntu olunengxaki yobuhlanga. Kodwa uZakaria usibonisa indlela ekucingelwa ukuba iingenelo zobufazi ngamanye amaxesha ziye zangqala ngqo kubantu abanga “mhlophe”. Xa i-Bhritane yayinobukhosi, abanye abantu basetyhini base-Bhritane banokufumana inkululeko entsha ngokuhamba ngaphandle kwelizwe labo kunye nokunceda ukubathobela abemi. Xa i-US yafumana ubukhosi, kwaba nokwenzeka ukuba abantu basetyhini bafumane amandla amatsha, imbeko kunye nodumo ngokubukhuthaza.
Njengoko uZakaria ebalisa, kwifilimu exhaswa yi-CIA eseHollywood NgamaThathu amnyama, ophambili wabasetyhini (ngokusekwe emntwini wokwenyani) uzuza imbeko kwabanye abalinganiswa, ihlombe kubaphulaphuli kwindawo yemidlalo yeqonga apho uZakaria wayibukelayo, kunye neBhaso loMlingisi oBalaseleyo ngokunyanzela amadoda, ngokubonisa okukhulu ukulangazelela ukuthuthumbisa. UZakaria ubhala athi: “Ukuba abantu ababhinqileyo ababhinqileyo abamhlophe baseMelika ngeminyaka yoo-1960 nakwiminyaka yaseVietnam babekhuthaza ukuphela kwemfazwe, abafazi abatsha baseMelika abasandula ukuzalwa kwinkulungwane yamashumi amabini ananye babesilwa emfazweni kunye namakhwenkwe.”
Incwadi kaZakaria ivula nge-akhawunti yomntu obonisa imeko kwindawo yewayini kunye nabasetyhini abamhlophe (okanye ubuncinci abasetyhini abamhlophe abarhanela kakhulu ukuba ngabasetyhini abamhlophe -thetha, kungekuphela nje kwabasetyhini abamhlophe, kodwa ababhinqileyo abanelungelo lokufumana izimvo zabafazi abamhlophe kwaye mhlawumbi koorhulumente baseNtshona okanye ubuncinci bezomkhosi). UZakaria ubuzwa ngemvelaphi yakhe ngaba bafazi kwaye uyala ukuphendula ngolwazi amava amfundisileyo awayi kwamkelwa kakuhle.
Ngokucacileyo uZakaria ucaphukile ngempendulo acinga ukuba aba bafazi ngebeyenzile ukuba ebebaxelele izinto angazenzanga. UZakaria ubhala ukuba uyazi ukuba woyisile ngaphezulu ebomini bakhe kunabo bonke abanye abantu basetyhini kwibhari yewayini, nangona kubonakala ngathi bebazi okuncinci ngabo njengabo. Kamva kwincwadi, kwiphepha le-175, uZakaria ucebisa ukuba ukubuza umntu indlela efanelekileyo yokubiza igama lakhe kukuzenzisa, kodwa kwiphepha le-176 usixelela ukuba ukusilela ukusebenzisa igama lomntu elichanekileyo kuyacaphukisa. Ininzi yale ncwadi igxeka ubuhlanga phakathi kobufazi kusetyenziswa imizekelo yeenkulungwane ezidlulileyo. Ndifeketha okuninzi koku kubonakala ngathi akulunganga kumfundi okhuselayo- mhlawumbi umfundi ekrokrela ukuba ubekwile bar yewayini ngorhatya.
Kodwa le ncwadi ayiphononongi ubugwenxa bexesha elidlulileyo lobufazi ngenxa yalo. Ngokwenza njalo, ikhanyisa uhlalutyo lwayo lweengxaki ezifumaneka kubufazi namhlanje. Kananjalo ayikukhuthazi ukumamela amanye amazwi ngenxa yolwazi olwahlukileyo lokwahluka, kodwa kungenxa yokuba amanye amazwi anezinye iimbono, ulwazi kunye nobulumko. Abasetyhini ekuye kwafuneka bazabalaze kwimitshato ecwangcisiweyo kunye nentlupheko kunye nobuhlanga banokuba nokuqonda kobufazi kunye neentlobo ezithile zokunyamezela ezinokuxatyiswa njengovukelo lomsebenzi okanye inkululeko yesondo.
Incwadi kaZakaria ibalisa ngamava akhe, aquka ukumenyelwa kwiminyhadala njengowasetyhini wasePakistan-waseMelika ukuba aboniswe ngakumbi kunokumamelwa, kunye nokukhuzwa ngokunganxibi "iimpahla zakhe zomthonyama". Kodwa ukugxila kwakhe kukucinga kwabafazi abajonga uSimone de Beauvoir, uBetty Friedan, kunye nabasetyhini abamhlophe abakumgangatho ophakathi njengokhokela indlela. Iziphumo ezibonakalayo zeengcinga ezingafunekiyo zokuphakama akunzima ukuzifumana. UZakaria unikezela ngemizekelo eyahlukeneyo yeenkqubo zoncedo ezinganeli kuxhasa iinkampani kumazwe afumileyo kodwa zibonelela ngeenkonzo ezingabancedi abantu basetyhini ekufanele ukuba baxhamle, kwaye abangazange babuzwe ukuba bafuna isitovu okanye inkuku okanye enye into. Isikimu sokukhawuleza esikhusela amandla ezopolitiko, ujonge nantoni na eyenziwa ngabafazi ngoku njengengasebenziyo, kwaye isebenze ngokungazi ngokupheleleyo ukuba yintoni enokuthi izuze uqoqosho okanye intlalontle kuluntu ahlala kulo.
Ukuxhonywa kwimfazwe etshabalalisayo e-Afghanistan kwasekuqaleni yayiyinkqubo ye-USAID ebizwa ngokuba yi-PROMOTE ukunceda abafazi abangama-75,000 base-Afghanistan (ngelixa bababhombisa). Inkqubo igqibe ukusebenzisa amanani-nkcazo ayo ukubanga ukuba naliphi na ibhinqa ebethethe nalo "lixhamle" nokuba unalo, uyazi, wazuza, kwaye ama-20 kwabayi-3,000 20 abasetyhini bancediswa ekufumaneni umsebenzi uyakuba "yimpumelelo" - ukanti kwa loo njongo yama-XNUMX ayikhange ifikelelwe.
Ukuxelwa kweendaba kwimanyano kuye kwaqhubela phambili izithethe ezinde zokuvumela abantu abamhlophe ukuba bathethele abanye, zokubonisa nokwaphula iminqweno yabucala yabasetyhini abangengabo abamhlophe ngeendlela ezinganyamezelwayo ngabafazi abamhlophe, zokuthiya abantu abamhlophe nokushiya abanye bengenamagama, kunye nokuphepha Nawuphi na umbono wokuba abo basacinga ukuba ngabemi banokuba bafuna ntoni okanye banokwenza ntoni ukuze bazifumanele.
Ndiyincoma kakhulu le ncwadi, kodwa andiqinisekanga ukuba kufanelekile ukuba ndibhale olu phononongo lwencwadi. Amadoda phantse akekho kwincwadi kwaye nakweyiphi na inkcazo ngaphakathi kuyo yokuba ngoobani ababhinqileyo. Ubufazi kule ncwadi bobabo, kwaye, kwaye babafazi- ngokucacileyo kwizigidi zeemayile ezikhethwayo kumadoda athetha ngabafazi. Kodwa ndiyazibuza ukuba ayizondli na isenzo sokuthethelela amalungelo akho okuzingca, amanye amakhosikazi amhlophe abonakala ewatolika njengokukhuthaza umdla omncinci wabafazi abamhlophe. Kubonakala kum ukuba abantu banetyala kakhulu ekuphathweni ngokungenabulungisa nangokukhohlakeleyo kwabasetyhini kwaye ubuncinci kunesidingo esikhulu sobufazi njengabafazi. Kodwa, ndicinga ukuba, ndiyindoda, ngoko ndingacinga lonto, andithi?
