IINQAKU ZINGAKHUMBULWA KWE-GENEROSITY

Iingcamango zokuthi iimfazwe zixhaswa ngxakini yoluntu akunokuqala ukubonakala nokuba zifanelekile ukuphendula. Izimfa zibulala abantu. Yintoni enokuba luncedo ngabantu? Kodwa jonga uhlobo lweempendulo ezithengisa ngempumelelo iimfazwe ezintsha:

"Le ngquzulwano yaqala ngo-Agasti 2, xa umlawuli we-Iraq ehlasele ummelwane omncinci kunye ongenakunceda. I-Kuwait, ilungu leLungu leArabhu kunye nelungu leZizwe eziManyeneyo, lachithwa, abantu bayo baxhatshazwa. Kwiinyanga ezintlanu ezedlule, uSaddam Hussein waqala le mpihlazo elwa neKwait; Kuhlwanje, imfazwe ihlangene. "

Ngaloo ndlela wathetha uMongameli Bush oMdala ekuqaliseni iMfazwe yeGulf kwi-1991. Akazange athi ufuna ukubulala abantu. Uthe wayefuna ukukhulula amaxhoba angenakunceda abaxinzezeli babo, ingcamango eya kuthathwa njengolunxwemeni kwizepolitiki zasekhaya, kodwa ingcamango ebonakala idala inkxaso yangempela yemfazwe. Kwaye uMongameli uClinton uthetha ngeYugoslavia iminyaka eyisibhozo emva koko:

"Xa ndiyalile imikhosi yethu yokulwa, sasineenjongo ezintathu ezicacileyo: ukwenzela ukuba abantu baseKosovar, amaxhoba kwezinye iindawo ezinobungozi kakhulu eYurophu ukususela kwiMfazwe Yehlabathi yesiBini, ukuba babuyele emakhaya abo ngokukhuselekileyo kunye nokuzimela ; ukufuna amandla aseSerbia aphethe uxanduva lokushiya iKosovo; kunye nokusebenzisa i-international security force, kunye ne-NATO kwindawo eyintloko, ukukhusela bonke abantu baloo mhlaba ophazamisayo, amaSerbia namaAlbania. "

Khangela kwakhona kwi-rhetoric esetyenziselwa ukugcina ngempumelelo iimfazwe ezihamba iminyaka:

"Asiyi kubalahla abantu base-Iraq."
UNobhala kaRhulumente uColin Powell, uAgasti 13, 2003.

"I-United States ayizukuyishiya i-Iraq."
- Mongameli George W. Bush, Matshi, 21, 2006.

Ukuba ndiza kungena endlwini yakho, nditshitshise iifestile, nditshitshise ifenitshala, ndibulale isiqingatha sentsapho yakho, ngaba ndizimisele ukuhlala ndihlale ubusuku? Ngaba kuya kuba yintloni kwaye ingenakuziphendulela ukuba "ndishiye" wena, nangona undikhuthaza ukuba ndihambe? Okanye ngaba ngumsebenzi wam, ngokuchaseneyo, ukuba ndihambe ngokukhawuleza ndize ndiphendulele kwisikhululo samapolisa esiseduze? Emva kweemfazwe e-Afghanistan nase-Iraq, kwaqala ingxoxo efana nale. Njengoko ubona, ezi ndlela ezimbini zihlukeneyo ngeekhilomitha eziliqela, nangona zombini zenziwe njengezenzi-zintlalo. Omnye uthi sifanele sihlale sinobubele, enye into esimele sihambe ngayo ihlazo kunye nentlonipho. Yintoni efanelekileyo?

Ngaphambi kokuhlasela kwe-Iraq, uNobhala kaRhulumente u-Colin Powell kuthiwa utshele uMongameli uBush Bush "Uya kuba ngumnikazi oziqhenyayo wabantu abayizigidi ze-25. Uya kuba neengxaki zabo, iimfuno kunye neengxaki. Uzobakho konke. "Ngokutsho kukaBob Woodward," uPowell noSekela likaNobhala kaRhulumente uRichard Armitage babibiza ngokuthi lo mbuso wasePottery Barn: Uyawuphulaphula, unayo. "USeninkulu uJohn Kerry ucacise umgaqo xa eqhuba umongameli, kwaye kwaye kwaye yamukelwa ngokubanzi njengobungqina bezobupolitika baseRephabliki kunye neDemokhrasi eWashington, DC

I-Pottery Barn ivenkile engenawo umthetho onjalo, ubuncinane kungengenxa yengozi. Akukho mthethweni kumazwe amaninzi kwilizwe lethu ukuba abe nomgaqo onjalo, ngaphandle kweemeko zokunganakwa nokutshabalalisa ngamabomu. Le nkcazo, ngokuqinisekileyo, ihambelana nokuhlasela kwe-Iraq ukuya kwi-T. Imfundiso 'yokutshatyalaliswa kunye neloyiko,' yokumisa intshabalalo enokuthi utshaba luphelelwe yintloni kunye nokungenakunceda ludlulileyo luye lwabonakaliswa luyinto engathembekiyo kwaye ingabonakaliyo . Akuzange isebenze kwiMfazwe Yehlabathi II okanye ukususela. Abantu baseMerika bahamba ngeparachutti eJapan emva kokuba ibhomu zenuzi zange zithotyelwe; ba be lynched. Abantu baye bahlala bekulwela kwaye bahlala behlala, njengokuba uthanda. Kodwa ukutshitshiswa kunye nokwesaba kulungiselelwe ukuquka ukutshabalaliswa ngokupheleleyo kweziseko, ukunxibelelana, ukuthutha, ukuveliswa kokutya kunye nokubonelela, ukunikezelwa kwamanzi, njalonjalo. Ngamanye amazwi: ukufakwa ngokungekho mthethweni kokubandezeleka okukhulu kubantu bonke. Ukuba loo nto ayiyikutshabalalisa ngokuzithandela, andiyazi ukuba yintoni.

Ukuhlasela kwe-Iraq kwakujoliswe "njengento yokuguqulwa," ukuguqulwa kolawulo. "Umtshutshisi wasuswa kuloo ndawo, ekugqibeleni wabanjwa, waza wabuya wabulawa emva kwesilingo esilungileyo esasigweme ubungqina be-US ngokunyanisekileyo kwizenzo zakhe zobugebengu. Abantu abaninzi base-Iraq babenelisekile ngokususwa kukaSaddam Hussein, kodwa ngokukhawuleza baqala ukufuna ukurhoxiswa kwezempi zase-United States ezweni labo. Ngaba le ntliziyo "Ndiyabulela ngokufaka i-tyrant yethu. Ungavumeli i-cookie yakho ibhoxe kwiesile endleleni yakho yokuphuma! "Hmm. Oku kwenza ukuba kuve ngathi ukuba i-United States ifuna ukuhlala, kwaye ngathi ngathi ama-Iraqi ayenetyala lokusivumela ukuba sihlale. Oku kwahluke kakhulu ngokuhlala ngenyameko ukufeza umsebenzi wethu wokuziphatha wobunini. Yintoni na?

Icandelo: ABANTU ABANTU

Omnye ulawula njani ukuba ngumntu? Kubetha ukuba uPowell, umMerika wase-Afrika, abanye babo okhokho babo babekhokhoboka eJamaica, batshela umongameli ukuba baya kuba ngabantu bakhe, abantu abamnyama abanobuhlungu abantu abaninzi baseMelika ababenokubangela inzondo. UPowell wayephikisana nokuhlasela, okanye ubuncinane isilumkiso sento eya kubandakanywa. Kodwa ngaba kufuneka babe negalelo labantu? Ukuba iUnited States kunye neqebana layo leqhiwane lomkhiwane "elihlangeneyo" lezinye iintlanga liye laphuma e-Iraq xa uGeorge W. Bush eshumayela "ukufezekisa" kwimeko yokuhamba ngeenqwelo zeenqwelo zomkhumbi eSorton Harbor ngoMeyi 1, 2003 , kwaye akuzange ichithe i-Iraq yezempi, kwaye ayizange ijikeleze iidolophu kunye neendawo zokuhlala, kungekhona ukuxhatshazwa kweentlanga, kungabikho ukuthintela iIrajis ukuba isebenze ukulungisa umonakalo, kwaye ingadlulanga izigidi zabantu base-Iraq ngaphandle kwamakhaya abo. ilungile, kodwa ngokuqinisekileyo yayiza kubandakanywa ubunzima obukhulu kunokuba yenziwe ngokwenene, ngokulandela umgaqo wokugcina ubumba.

Okanye kuthekani ukuba iUnited States ivule i-Irak ngokungaxhatshali kwayo, apho urhulumente wase-United States ufundiswe ngokupheleleyo? Kuthekani ukuba sisisusile umkhosi wethu kuloo ndawo, sichitha indawo engabikho-moya, kwaye sagqiba izigwebo zezoqoqosho, izigwebo zikaNobhala Welizwe uMadeleine Albright bebexubushe kwi-1996 kule nshintshiso kwiprogram ye-TV 60 Minutes:

"ULILELEY STAHL: Sivile ukuba abantwana abayizigidi bafa. Ndiyathetha ukuba, abantwana baninzi ngaphezu kokufa e-Hiroshima. Kwaye, uyazi, ixabiso elixabisekileyo?

U-ALBRIGHT: Ndicinga ukuba oku kukhetho olunzima kakhulu, kodwa ixabiso - sicinga ukuba ixabiso lifanelekile. "

Ngaba kunjalo? Kuninzi okwenziwe ukuba imfazwe yayisadingeka kwi-2003? Ngaba abo bantwana babengeke basindiswe iminyaka eyisixhenxe kunye neziphumo zezopolitiko ezifanayo? Kuthekani ukuba i-United States isebenze kunye ne-Iraq echithwe phantsi kwemimandla ukuze ikhuthaze uMzantsi-mpuma weMiddle East, kuquka zonke iintlanga zayo kwindawo engenazo i-nyukliya, ukukhuthaza u-Israyeli ukuba ahlasele i-nyukliya yayo endaweni yokukhuthaza i-Iran ukuba izame ukufumana enye? UGeorge W. Bush wayevumile i-Iran, iIraq kunye neNyakatho Korea ukuba ibe "i-axis of evil", yahlasela i-Iraq engaxhaswanga, engayinakucingi i-nuclear-armed armor Korea, kwaye yaqala ukusosa i-Iran. Ukuba wawuyi-Iran, ubungathanda ntoni?

Kuthekani ukuba iUnited States ibonelele ngoncedo lwezoqoqosho u-Iraq, i-Iran kunye nezinye iintlanga kuloo mmandla, kwaye yaqhuba inzame yokubanika (okanye ubuncinane ukukhupha izigwebo ezikhusela ukwakhiwa) kwemimoya yomoya, iipaneli zelanga kunye nokuzinzileyo izibonelelo zamandla, ngaloo ndlela ukuzisa umbane kunabantu abambalwa? Iprojekthi enjalo ayinakuhlawulisa nayiphi na into efana neentriliyoni zeedola ezichithwe kwimfazwe phakathi kwe-2003 ne-2010. Ukufumana ezinye iindleko ezincinci, sinokudala inkqubo enkulu yokutshintshiselana kwabafundi phakathi kwee-Iraq, i-Iranian ne-US. Akukho nto idambisa imfazwe njengezibophelelo zobungane kunye nosapho. Kutheni le ndlela ayengayi kuba yinto enoxanduva kunye nokuziphatha okunzulu kunye nokuziphatha njengokuba sishumayela ubunikazi belizwe lomnye umntu ngenxa yokuba siyibhobhozele?

Ingxenye engavumelaniyo, ndicinga, ivela ngenxa yokungaphumeleli ukucinga ukuba ibhomu ibonakala ngathi. Ukuba sicinga njengento ecocekileyo neyongenakonakalayo ye-blips kumdlalo wevidiyo, ngexesha "iibhomu eziphambili" ziphucula i-Baghdad ngokuthi "zonyango" zisuse abenzi bayo bokubi, zize ziqhubele phambili kwisinyathelo esilandelayo sokuzalisekisa imisebenzi yethu njengoko abatsha Elula. Ukuba, endaweni yoko, sicinga ukuxhatshazwa nokubulawa kwabantu kunye nabantu abadala okwenzekayo xa iBaghdad ibhoxisiwe, ke iingcamango zethu ziphendulela uxolo kunye nokuzibuyisela njengento yokuqala ephambili, kwaye siqala ukubuza ukuba sinelungelo okanye ukuma ukuziphatha njengabanikazi bezinto eziseleyo. Enyanisweni, ukutshaya ibhodlo kwiPottery Barn bekuza kubangela ukuba sihlawule umonakalo nokuxolisa, singaboni ukutshitshiswa kwezimbiza ezininzi.

Icandelo: IGENEROSITY RACIST

Omnye umthombo omkhulu ongavumelaniyo phakathi kwepro-anti-potterybarners, ndicinga ukuba, wehla kumandla onamandla kunye neentsipho ezixoxwe kwisahluko esisodwa: ubuhlanga. Khumbula uMongameli McKinley uceba ukulawula iPhilippines kuba amaPhilippines ahluphekileyo akakwazanga ukwenza oko ngokwabo? UWilliam Howard Taft, oyintloko wokuqala waseMerika wasePhilippines, wathi iiPhilippines "abazalwana bethu abantsundu." EVietnam, xa iVietcong ibonakala ikulungele ukunikela ngobomi babo abaninzi ngaphandle kokuzinikezela, yaba ngububungqina bokuthi bafaka xabiso ebomini, owaba bubungqina bobubi babo, obangelwa ukuba babulale ngakumbi.

Ukuba sibeka eceleni umgaqo wokugcina ubumbano ngomzuzwana kwaye ucinge, esikhundleni salo, umgaqo wegolide, sifumana uhlobo oluthe lwahlukileyo. "Yenzani kwabanye njengokuba ufuna ukuba benze kubo." Ukuba olunye uhlanga lwaswela ilizwe lethu, kwaye umphumo waba msinya nje; ukuba kwakungacacanga ukuba uluphi uhlobo lukaRhulumente, ukuba lukhona, luya kuvela; ukuba isizwe sasisengozini yokuqhekeka; ukuba kukho imfazwe yombutho okanye uhlaselo; kwaye ukuba akukho nto iqinisekile, yintoni into yokuqala esiyifuna ukuba imikhosi ehlaseleyo yokuyenza? Kunene: fumana isihogo ngaphandle kwelizwe lethu! Kwaye ngokwenene yiloo nto ininzi yama-Iraqi kwiindibano ezininzi ziye zaxelela i-United States ukuba yenze iminyaka. UGeorge McGovern noWilliam Polk babhala kwi-2006:

"Akumangalisi ukuba abaninzi base-Iraq bacinga ukuba iUnited States ayisoze ihoxise ngaphandle kokuba iphoqelelwe ukwenza njalo. Loo mvakalelo mhlawumbi uchaza ukuba kutheni i-USA Today / CNN / Gallup yokuvota ibonisa ukuba i-Iraqi ezilishumi ezisibhozo zibona iMelika kungekhona 'inkululeko' kodwa njengomhlali, kunye neepesenti ezingama-88 zamaSulumane amaSulumane ayenomdla wokuhlaselwa ngamagorha aseMelika. "

Ngokuqinisekileyo, ezo zipiliti kunye nezopolitiko zizuza kwi-career zikhetha ukuzibona ziqhubeka. Kodwa nakwi-puppet urhulumente, iPalamente yase-Iraq yenqwenela ukuvuma isivumelwano esinokuba ngabaPresiders Bush kunye noMaliki bakhuphe kwi-2008 ukuba bandise umsebenzi iminyaka emithathu, ngaphandle kokuba abantu banikezwa ithuba lokuvota okanye bahlawule ngo-referendum. Ivoti kamva yaphikisana ngokuphindaphindiweyo ngokuqinisekileyo kuba wonke umntu wayesazi ukuba umphumo uza kuba njani. Ukunika abantu inceba yentliziyo yethu yinto enye, ndiyakholwa, kodwa ukuyenza ngokumelene nentando yabo yinto enye. Kwaye ngubani okhe wathetha ngokuzithandela ukuba abe ngumnini?

Icandelo: INGABE SIKHULU?

Ngaba ukubonelela okunene kuyisishukumisi emva kweemfazwe zethu, ingaba ukuqaliswa kwazo okanye ukunyusa kwabo? Ukuba isizwe sinobubele kwezinye iintlanga, kubonakala ngathi kuya kuba njalo ngendlela engaphezulu kweyodwa. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba uhlola uluhlu lweentlanga ezibekwe ngothando abanika abanye kunye uluhlu lweentlanga ezibekwe kwimali yazo yempi, akukho mlungelelaniso. Kwisihlomelo samazwe angama-amabini amaninzi kakhulu, anikwe ngokwemiqathango yokunikezela kwamanye amazwe, iUnited States isondele phantsi, kwaye inxalenye enkulu "yoncedo" esiyinike kwamanye amazwe ngokwenene zixhobo. Ukuba ukunikezela kwangasese kuqukwa kunye nokunikezwa koluntu, iUnited States ihamba ngokukhawuleza koluhlu. Ukuba imali abafudukayo abayithumelayo kwiintsapho zabo zifakiwe, iUnited States inokunyuka ngakumbi, nangona oko kubonakala ngathi kuluhlu oluhlukeneyo lokunikezela.

Xa ukhangela iintlanga eziphezulu ngokwemali yenkcitho yomkhosi ngamnye, akukho neentlanga ezibutyebi ezivela eYurophu, e-Asia okanye eNyakatho Melika ezenza ukuba zikho ngaphaya kwoluhlu, ngaphandle kwe-United States. Ilizwe lethu liza kweshumi elinanye, kunye neentlanga ze-10 ngaphezulu kwayo kwimali yenkcitho yamagosa onke ukusuka eMbindi Mpuma, kuMntla Afrika, okanye kwi-Asia ephakathi. IGrisi iza kwi23rd, South Korea 36th, kunye ne-United Kingdom 42nd, kunye nazo zonke iintlanga zaseYurophu naseAsia ziqhubeka phantsi kwoluhlu. Ukongezelela, iUnited States ingumthengisi ophezulu wezentengiso zangasese, kunye neRussia kuphela ilizwe elinye eliza kufikelela kude.

Okubaluleke ngakumbi, kwii-22 kumazwe azincwane azininzi, ininzi zazo ezinika uncedo olungaphezu kwamanye amazwe kunokuba thina e-United States, i-20 ayizange iqalise nayiphi na imfazwe kwizizukulwana, ukuba ngaba, kwaye ininzi ithathe iindima ezincinci kwi-US-ebuswa amaqela emfazwe; Elinye lamanye amazwe amabini, eMzantsi Korea, libandakanya inxamnye neNyakatho Korea kunye nokuvunyelwa kwe-US; kunye neyokugqibela ilizwe, uBukumkani baseUnited Kingdom, ngokulandela ngokulandelelana kwe-US.

Impucuko yabahedeni yayihlala ijongwa njengemishini yokupha (ngaphandle kwabahedeni). Ukubonakalisa ikamva kukholelwa ukuba yimbonakaliso yothando lukaThixo. Ngokutsho kwesazi ngemvelaphi nentlalo yabantu uClark Wissler, “xa iqela lingena kwisisombululo esitsha kwingxaki yalo ebalulekileyo yenkcubeko, liyakhuthalela ukusasaza lo mbono phesheya, kwaye lishukunyiselwa ekubeni liqale ukoyisa ukunyanzelisa ukwamkeleka kwalo. ” Usasazeko? Usasazeko? Sakhe sayiva phi into ngokusasaza isisombululo esibalulekileyo? Ewe, ewe, ndiyakhumbula:

"Yaye indlela yesibini yokulwa neentlanzi kukusabalalisa inkululeko. Uyabona, indlela engcono yokunqoba uluntu olungenalo ithemba, uluntu apho abantu bavutha ngumsindo ukuba bazimisele ukuzibulala, ukusabalalisa inkululeko, ukusabalalisa inkululeko. "- UMongameli George W. Bush, uJuni 8, 2005.

Le nto ayiyiyo ingqiqo ngenxa yokuba uBush uthetha ngokuzithemba aze ameme igama elithi "abazitshitshisiyo." Kuyinto engacanganga ukuba inkululeko nentando yesininzi ayinakufakwa kwisibhamu ngombutho wangaphandle ocinga ukuba uncinci kubantu abasanda kukhulula ukuba uzimisele ba bulale ngokungenangqondo. Idemokhrasi efunekayo ngaphambili ukuba ihlale inyanisekileyo kwi-United States ayilona urhulumente omele, kodwa kunokohlobo olungaqhelekanga lokungqinela nokunyanzelisa. Idemokhrasi esetyenziselwe ukubonakalisa ihlabathi ukuba indlela yethu yindlela eyona ndlela ingcono ukuba ayiyi kudala urhulumente,, kunye nabantu.

Umlawuli waseUnited States uStanley McChrystal uchaze isicwangciso esicwangcisiweyo kodwa esaphumelekile sokwakha urhulumente eMarjah, Afghanistan, kwi-2010; uthe uthe uza kufaka isikhombisi esithathwe ngesandla kunye nesethi yabasebenzi belizwe langaphandle "njengoRhulumente ebhokisini." Ngaba awufuni ukuba umkhosi wangaphandle ungenise enye yeedolophu?

Ngama-86 ekhulwini lamaMerika ngo-Februwari 2010 i-CNN ukhetho esithi urhulumente wethu uphukile, ngaba sinokwazi, singalokothi sigxininise igunya, ukubeka umzekelo karhulumente komnye umntu? Kwaye ukuba senza, ngaba imikhosi ibe yinto ekufuneka yenze kuyo?

Icandelo: YINTONI UTHIXA UKUTHI UTHIXILEYO?

Ukuqwalasela kumava adlulileyo, ukudala isizwe esitsha ngokunyanzela ukuphelelwa ngamandla. Ngokuqhelekileyo sibizela lo msebenzi "ukwakha isizwe" nangona ngokuqhelekileyo ayakha indlu. NgoMeyi 2003, abaphengululi ababini kwiCarnegie Endowment for Peace International baxoxisa iimvavanyo zamehlo adlulileyo e-US ekwakheni isizwe, ukuhlola-ngokulandelelana kwexesha - eCuba, ePanama, eCuba kwakhona, eNicaragua, eHaiti, eCuba kwakhona, kwiRiphabhliki yaseDominican, eWest EJamani, eJapane, iRiphabliki yaseRominican kwakhona, eMzantsi Vietnam, eCambodia, eGrenada, ePanama kwakhona, eHaiti kwakhona, nase-Afghanistan. Kule mizamo ye-16 ekwakheni isizwe, kwimilo emine kuphela, abalobi baphetha, kwakuyidemokhrasi eqhubekayo emva kweminyaka eyi-10 emva kokuphuma kwamandla ase-US.

Ngokuthi "ukuhamba" kwamandla ase-US, abalobi beengxelo ezikhankanywe ngentla ngokucacileyo babethetha ukunciphisa, kuba amabutho ase-US akazange ahambe. Amazwe amabini kumazwe amane awonakaliswa kwaye ahlulwa eJapane naseJamani. Eminye emibini yabamelwane base-US - iGrenada encinane nePanama. Isakhiwo esibizwa ngokuba sisizwe e-Panama kuthathwa njengokuba kuthathe iminyaka eyi-23. Ubude obude bexesha buza kuthwala imisebenzi yase-Afghanistan ne-Iraq kwi-2024 kunye ne-2026 ngokulandelanayo.

Akunjalo, abalobi abathole, banombuso oza kuxhaswa yi-United States, njengaleyo e-Afghanistan nase-Iraq, yatshintshela intando yeninzi. Ababhali beli phofu, iMinxin Pei noSara Kasper, bafumanisa ukuba ukudala iidemokhrasi ezihlala zingekaze kube yinjongo ephambili:

"Injongo ephambili yemigudu yokuphuhlisa intlanga yasekuqaleni kwe-US kwimeko ezininzi zicwangciso. Kwiimigudu yayo yokuqala, iWashington inqume ukutshintsha okanye ukuxhasa urhulumente kwilizwe lasemzini ukukhusela ukhuseleko oluphambili kunye nezoqoqosho, kungekhona ukwakha intando yeninzi. Kuphela emva koko iimfuno zezopolitiko zaseMerika kunye neemfuno zalo zokugcina inkxaso yasekhaya kwisizwe senza ukuba uzame ukuseka umbuso wentando yeninzi kwiintlanga ezijoliswe kuyo. "

Ingaba ucinga ukuba inzuzo yoxolo ingase ihlasele imfazwe? Ngokuqinisekileyo i-Pentagon-eyakhiwe i-RAND Corporation kufuneka ixhaswe ngenxa yemfazwe. Nangona uphando lwe-RAND lwemisebenzi kunye nokuxhatshazwa kwi-2010, uphando olwenziwe kwi-US Marine Corps, lubone ukuba i-90 ipesenti yokuvukela oorhatshaba oorhulumente, njengama-Afghanistan, aphumelele. Ngamanye amagama, ukwakha isizwe, nokuba kungasetyenziswanga kwamanye amazwe, kuyahluleka.

Enyanisweni, njengoko abaxhasayo bemfazwe besitshela ukuba sikhuphuke kwaye "sihlale esikolweni" e-Afghanistan kwi-2009 kunye ne-2010, iingcali ezivela kwiinkalo zezopolitiko zivumelene ukuba ukwenza oko akunakukwazi ukufezekisa nantoni na, kuncinci kunika inzuzo kwi-Afghans . I-ambassador yethu, uKarl Eikenberry, wayechasene nokunyuka kwimizila evuliwe. Abaninzi ababengumagosa emkhosini kwaye i-CIA yavuma ukuhoxiswa. UMatthew Hoh, i-diplomat ephakamileyo yase-US ePhondo laseZabul kunye nowayesakuba ngumthetheli wamanxweme, washiya kwaye waxhaswa. Ngaba u-Ann Wright owayengumdibanisi owayesebencedile ukuvula kwakhona i-ambassy e-Afghanistan kwi-2001. Umcebisi weSizwe soKhuseleko wayecinga ukuba amanye amabutho "aya kugxinwa." Uninzi lwabantu baseMelika luchasene nemfazwe, kwaye inkcaso yayinamandla ngakumbi kubantu base-Afghan, ngokukodwa eKandahar, apho uphando lwe-Army oluxhaswa ngemali lufumana ukuba i-94 Ipesenti ze-Kandaharis zazifuna iingxoxo, kungekhona ukubetha, kunye neepesenti ze-85 zathi zijonga iiTaliban njengabazalwana bethu base-Afghan.

USihlalo weKomiti yezoBudlelwane bamazwe angaphandle, kunye nokuxhaswa kwe-escalation, uJohn Kerry uthe ukuhlaselwa kukaMarja oye wavivinywa ukuhlaselwa okukhulu ku-Kandahar uye wahluleka. U-Kerry uphinde waqaphela ukuba ababulali beTaliban eKandahar baqalise xa iUnited States yamemezela ukuhlasela okuzayo apho. Wayebuza njani, ukuba ukuhlaselwa kungayeka ukubulala? UKerry kunye nabalingane bakhe, ngaphambi kokulahla enye i-33.5 yeebhiliyoni kwi-Afghanistan ukukhula kwe-2010, wabonisa ukuba ubugubungela bebuye banda emhlabeni jikelele kwi-"Imfazwe yehlabathi kwi-Terror." Ukunyuka kwe-2009 e-Afghanistan kuye kwalandelwa i-87 yeepesenti yokwanda ubudlova, ngokwePentagon.

Umkhosi wawusungulwe, mhlawumbi uvuselelekile ukusuka eVietnam iintsuku, isicwangciso se-Iraq iminyaka emine kule mpi eyayisetyenziswe kwi-Afghanistan, isicwangciso-senhliziyo esinobubele ebizwa ngokuba yi-Counter-Arurgence. Kwiphepha, oku kufuna i-80 yepesenti yokutshala imali kwimigudu yomphakathi "kwiintliziyo kunye neengqondo" kunye neepesenti ze-20 kwimisebenzi yempi. Kodwa kumazwe omabini, esi sicwangciso sisetyenziswe kuphela kwisigxina, kungekhona. Utyalo-mali okhoyo kwimisebenzi engeyiyo yezempi e-Afghanistan ayizange ifake ipesenti ze-5, kwaye umntu ophetheyo, uRichard Holbrooke, uchaze ukuba umsebenzi wezempi "uxhasa umkhosi."

Esikhundleni sokuthi "ukusasaza inkululeko" ngeebhomu kunye nezibhamu, bekuyintoni na into engalunganga ngokusabalalisa ulwazi? Ukuba ukufunda kukhokelela ekuphuhliseni intando yesininzi, kutheni ungafaki imfundo? Kutheni ungaboneleli ngezimali zempilo yabantwana kunye nezikolo, kunokuba uncibilikise isikhumba kubantwana abane-phosphorus emhlophe? I-Nobel Peace Laureate uShirin Ebadi ecetywayo, emva kweSeptemba 11, 2001, ugqithisi, ukuba esikhundleni sokuqhuma i-Afghanistan, iUnited States ingakha izikolo ezikwi-Afghanistan, elowo libizwa ngokuba lihloniphe umntu obulawe kwi-World Trade Centre, ngaloo ndlela yakha ukubonga ngokunceda kunye nokuqonda umonakalo owenziwe ngogonyamelo. Nantoni na ocinga ngayo ngendlela enjalo, kunzima ukuphikisana kwakungeke kube novuyo kwaye mhlawumbi ngokuvisisana nomgaqo wokuthanda iintshaba zakho.

Icandelo: MELE NDIFUNCEDE KUNYE KWAKHO

Uhanahaniso lwemisebenzi evulelwe ngokuphandle mhlawumbi lubonakala kakhulu xa lwenziwa egameni lokususa imisebenzi yangaphambili. Xa iJapan ibetha iikholiyali zaseYurophu ezizweni zaseAsia kuphela ukuba ziziphathe ngokwazo, okanye xa iUnited States ikhulula iCuba okanye iPhilippines ukuze ilawulwe kula mazwe ngokwawo, ukungafani phakathi kwegama kunye nezenzo kuye kwagqitywa kuwe. Kuzo zombini le mizekelo, iJapan ne-United States zanikezela impucuko, inkcubeko, i-modern-day, inkokheli, kunye nokucebisa, kodwa bazinikela emgqonyeni wesibhamu nokuba ngaba umntu wayefuna okanye cha. Kwaye ukuba ubani wenza, kakuhle, ibali labo liphezulu lidlala ekhaya. Xa abantu baseMerika beva intetho yaseJamani eBelgium naseFransi ngexesha leMfazwe Yehlabathi I, amaJamani ayefunda iingxelo zendlela amaFrench abathandekayo abathanda ngayo abahlali baseJamani abanomdla. Yaye ungeke ukwazi ukubala kwiNew York Times ukufumana i-Iraq okanye i-Afghan ekhathazekile ukuba amaMerika angashiya kungekudala?

Nayiphi na imisebenzi kufuneka isebenze kunye neqela elithile labahlali, abaza kuxhasa ngenkqubela umsebenzi. Kodwa ohlalayo akufanele enze iphutha lolo lwazi kwinkalo eninzi, njengoko iUnited States iye yakwenza umkhwa wokwenza ukususela kwi-1899 ubuncinane. Kwakungabikho ukuba "ubuso bomthonyama" kumsebenzi wasemzini kulindeleke ukuba bakhohlise abantu:

"AbaseBrithani, njengamaMerika,. . . wayekholelwa ukuba amabutho asekuhlaleni ayengayithandi kunabanye amazwe. Isiphakamiso. . . zibuhlungu: ukuba imikhosi yabomdeni ibonwa njengeziphephelo zabangaphandle, banokuphikiswa ngokugqithisileyo kunabangaphandle. "

Imikhosi yamaNjoni isenokunganyaniseki kangako kwimishini yabahlali kwaye ingaqeqesheki kangako kwiindlela zomkhosi ohleliyo. Oku kungekudala kukhokelela ekugxekeni abantu abafanelekayo abo sihlasele ilizwe labo ngenxa yokungakwazi kwethu ukulishiya. Ngoku "banobundlobongela, abakwazi ukusebenza, kwaye abanakuthenjwa," njengoko iMcKinley White House ibonakalise abantu bakwiiPhilippines, nanjengoko iBush kunye ne-Obama White Houses ziveze iIraq namaAfghan.

Kulo hlanga oluhleliyo kunye namaqela alo angaphakathi, amaqela amancinci angenako ukwesaba ukuphathwa kakubi ezandleni zabaninzi kufuneka ukuphela kwemisebenzi yomhlaba. Le ngxaki yeso sizathu sexesha elizayo Ukusiphulaphula iingcebiso zePowells zexesha elizayo kwaye singangeni ngaphakathi. Kungesizathu sokungabikho ukuhlukana kwamabandla angaphakathi, njengokuba abahlali bahlala besenza, banqwenela ukuba abantu babulalane ngaphandle kokuba bahlangane namanye amazwe. Kwaye sizathu sokukhuthaza i-diplomacy yamazwe ngamazwe kunye nefuthe elihle kulolu hlobo ngelixa lihoxisa kwaye lihlawula ukuhlawulelwa.

Ulwaphulo oluqhubekayo emsebenzini, alukho, kodwa ngokuqhelekileyo ingxoxo ekholisayo yokwandisa umsebenzi. Enye into, ingxabano yokusebenza ngokusisigxina. Kwesinye, ubuninzi bezobudlova obonakaliswe kubuya kwisizwe sobukhosi njengemfazwe yembutho yoluntu kusekho ubundlobongela obubhekiswe kubemi kunye nabadibaniselwano babo. Xa umsebenzi uphela, kunjalo nobuninzi bongogonyamelo. Oku kuye kwaboniswa e-Iraq njengemikhosi eye yanciphisa ubukho bayo; ubundlobongela buyehlise ngokufanelekileyo. Ininzi yobundlobongela eBasra yaphela xa amabutho aseBrithani apho ayeka ukulandelela ukulawula udlame. Isicwangciso sokurhoxisa e-Iraq ukuba uGeorge McGovern noWilliam Polk (owayengumongameli wenkundla kunye nomzuzwana wongumongameli uPolk, ngokulandelanayo) epapashwe kwi-2006 icetywe ibhuloho yesikhashana ukuba izalise ukuzimela, iingcebiso ezingazange zenzeke:

"Urhulumente wase-Iraq uya kuba ubulumko ukucela iinkonzo zamathuba emfutshane ngamazwe ngamazwe ukuba apolise eli lizwe ngexesha kunye nangoko emva kwexesha lokukhutshwa kweMelika. Umkhosi onjalo kufuneka ube ngumsebenzi wesikhashana, kunye nomhla oqinileyo ochanekileyo kwangaphambili. Uqikelelo lwethu kukuba i-Iraq iya kuyidinga malunga neminyaka emibini emva kokuba i-American withdrawal isiphelele. Ngeli thuba, umkhosi mhlawumbi unokuba uhamba ngokukhawuleza kodwa wanciphise ngokukhawuleza, kokubambisene nabasebenzi kunye nokuthunyelwa. Imisebenzi yayo yayiza kubalwa ekuphuculeni ukhuseleko loluntu. . . . Kwakungekho mfuneko yamatanki okanye iinqwelo zokulwa okanye iinqwelo eziphazamisayo. . . . Bekungayi kuzama. . . ukulwa nabavukeli. Enyanisweni, emva kokuhoxiswa kwemikhosi yamaxesha aseMerika naseBrithani kunye nama-25,000 angaphandle kwamagosa, ukuhlaselwa, okujolise ekufezeni loo njongo, bekuya kulahleka inkxaso yabantu. . . . Emva koko abagadi beebhamu babeza kubeka phantsi izixhobo zabo okanye baqatshelwa obala njengabalahla. Esi siphumo siye saba ngamava e-Algeria, eKenya, e-Ireland (Eire) nakwezinye iindawo. "

Icandelo: IINKCOPA ZENKQUBO YENKQUBO YEZENKQUBO

Akukhona nje ukuqhutyelwa kweemfazwe ezichanekileyo njengobunene. Ukuqalisa ukulwa nemikhosi embi ekukhuseleni ubulungisa, nangona ikhuthaza abantu abangaphantsi kweengelosi kwiinkxaso zenkxaso yemfazwe, ngokuqhelekileyo kuboniswa njengento engenanto yokuzithemba kunye nobutyebi. "Ugcina iLizwe likhuselekileyo kwiDemokhrasi. Bhalisa kwaye Mncedise, "funda i-poster yase-US World War I, ezalisekisa umyalelo kaMongameli Wilson ukuba iKomiti yoLwazi lweSizwe iveza" ubulungisa bombandela waseMelika, "kunye" nokuzikhusekisa ngokupheleleyo kweenjongo zeMelika. "Xa uMongameli uFranklin Roosevelt ekhuthaza iCongress ukudala umkhosi wezempi kunye nokuvumela "ukuboleka" kwezixhobo kwiBritani ngaphambi kokuba iMelika ingene kwiMfazwe yeMfazwe yesiBili, wafanisa inkqubo yakhe yokuLungisa ukuqeshisa ipakela kummelwane onomlilo.

Emva koko, ehlotyeni le1941, uRoosevelt wazenza ukuba uloba kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo wadibana noNkulumbuso uChurchill ukusuka kummandla waseNewfoundland. I-FDR iphinde ibuyele eWashington, DC, ichaza umcimbi ohambelayo apho yena noChurchill bahlabelele "Amagosa angamaKristu angaphambili." I-FDR kunye noChurchill bakhulume ingxelo edibeneyo eyenziwe ngaphandle kwabantu okanye iindimende zelizwe elithile elibeka imithetho Iintlanga zeenkokeli ziza kulwa imfazwe kwaye zenze ihlabathi emva koko, nangona i-United States yayisayikulwa nemfazwe. Le nkcazo, eya kuthiwa yi-Charter Atlantic, yacaca ukuba iBritani kunye ne-United States baxhamla uxolo, inkululeko, ubulungisa, kunye nokuvisisana kwaye babengenanto inomdla kwimibuso yokwakha. Le nto yayinomdla egameni apho izigidi ziyakwenza inzondo enobudlova.

Ngaphambi kokungena kwiMfazwe Yehlabathi II, iUnited States yanikela ngokutsha umatshini wokufa eBrithani. Ukulandela lo mzekelo, zombini izixhobo kunye namajoni athunyelwe eKorea kunye nezenzo ezalandelayo ziye zachazwa ngokuthi "uncedo lwezempi." Ngaloo ndlela imbono yokuba imfazwe eyenza umntu uyamkelwa yilapho isetyenziselwa ukuyibiza. Imfazwe yaseKorea, njenge-UN-evunyelwe "isenzo samapolisa," ayichazwa nje kuphela njengobuncedo, kodwa njengokuba umphakathi wehlabathi uqesha i-sheriff ukunyanzelisa uxolo, njengokuba ama-American ayenokwenzayo kwidolophu yaseNtshona. Kodwa ukuba ipolisa yehlabathi ayizange iphumelele kulabo babakholelwa ukuba yayiyinjongo efanelekileyo kodwa yayingacingi ukuba ihlabathi lifanelwe ukuthanda. Azange alinqobe abo babonayo njengesizathu sokugqibela semfazwe. Isizukulwana emva kwemfazwe yaseKorea, uPhil Ochs wayecula:

Yiza, phumani endleleni, bafana

Khawuleza, phuma endleleni

Ubungcono ubukele oko uthethayo, bafana

Mlunge ubukele oko utshoyo

Siye sigxuma kwi-harbor yakho kwaye sibophelelwe kwisikhululo sakho

Kwaye iiphonsi zethu zilambile kwaye zethu zentlungu zifutshane

Ngoko zizise iintombi zakho zijikeleze kwi-port

Isizathu sokuba singamaCops wehlabathi, abafana

Singabantu iiCops zehlabathi

Nge-1961, iipolisi zehlabathi zazihlala eVietnam, kodwa abameli bakaMongameli uKennedy babecinga ukuba kukho iipolisi ezingaphezulu kwaye ziyazi ukuba uluntu kwaye umongameli uya kubachazela ukuthumela. Enye into, awukwazi ukugcina umfanekiso wakho njengama-cops yehlabathi ukuba uthumele ngamandla amakhulu ukuba uphakamise ulawulo olungathandekiyo. Kwenziwe ntoni? Kwenziwe ntoni? URalph Stavins, u-coauthor we-akhawunti enkulu ye-Vietnam yokucwangciswa kweMfazwe, uxela ukuba uGeneral Maxwell Taylor noWalt W. Rostow,

". . . wayezibuza ukuba i-United States ingaya njani empini xa ibonakala ukugcina uxolo. Ngethuba bebeqiqa lo mbuzo, iVietnam yahlaselwa ngumkhukula. Kwakunjengokuthi uThixo wayenze ummangaliso. Amajoni aseMelika, asebenza ngeempembelelo zomntu, angathunyelwa ukuba agcine iVietnam engekho eVong Cong, kodwa ephuma kumkhukula. "

Ngesizathu esifanayo sokuba uSomedley Butler ucebise ukukhawulela iinqanawa zemikhosi zase-US ngaphakathi kweekhilomitha ze-200 zaseUnited States, umntu unokubonisa ukukhawulela umkhosi wase-US ukulwa neemfazwe. Amagosa athunyelwa ukukhutshwa kweentlekele anendlela yokudala iintlekele ezintsha. Uncedo lwaseMelika luhlala lukhunjulwa, nangona lujoliswe kakuhle ngabemi baseU.S. kuba liza ngendlela yokulwa nokuxhotyiswa komzimba kunye nokugula okulungele ukubonelela ngoncedo. Nanini na kukho iqhushuna eHaiti, akukho mntu unokukwazi ukuba iUnited States inikezele abasebenzi bezoncediso okanye yabekwa umthetho wokulwa. Kwiintlekele ezininzi ezijikeleze ihlabathi iipolisi zehlabathi azize zifike, zibonisa ukuba apho zifikile khona injongo ingahle ingabi ncocekile ngokupheleleyo.

Kwi-1995 iipolisi zehlabathi zakhubeka zihlala eYugoslavia ngenxa yokulunga kweentliziyo zabo. UMongameli Clinton wachaza:

Indima yeMerika ayiyi kuba malunga nokulwa nemfazwe. Kuya kuba malunga nokunceda abantu baseBosnia baqinisekise isivumelwano sabo soxolo. . . . Ekufezekiseni le mishini, siya kuba nethuba lokuncedisa ukubulawa kwabantu abamsulwa, ngakumbi abantwana. . . . "

Kwiminyaka elishumi elinesibini kamva, kunzima ukubona indlela abaseBosnia bazilondoloze ngayo uxolo lwabo. I-US kunye namanye amabutho angaphandle awazange ahambe, kwaye indawo ilawulwa yi-Ofisi ephakamileyo yase-European Representative.

Icandelo: UKUBA KUNYE AMALUNGELO AWAMAMA

Abasetyhini bafumana amalungelo e-Afghanistan kwi-1970s, ngaphambi kokuba iUnited States ifune ukuba i-Soviet Union ihlasele kwaye ixhobe i-Osama bin Laden ukulwa nayo. Kukho iindaba ezintle kubafazi ukususela. IQumrhu leNguqulelo labesifazane base-Afghanistan (RAWA) lusekwe kwi-1977 njengentlangano yezopolitiko / yentlalo ngokuzimeleyo yabesifazane base-Afghan ekuxhaseni amalungelo oluntu kunye noluntu loluntu. Kwi-2010, i-RAWA ikhuphe isitatimende esichaza ngokunyaniseka kwe-American yokuhlala e-Afghanistan ngenxa yabasetyhini bayo:

"[I-United States kunye neentlangano zayo] inika amandla amagebengu amaninzi aseMntla Alliance kunye nama-puppets aseYurophu angaphambili - i-Khalqis neParchamis-nangokuthembela kubo, i-US imisele urhulumente weepopoti kubantu base-Afghan. Kwaye endaweni yokuphulukisa indalo yayo yaseTaliban ne-Al-Qaeda, iUnited States ne-NATO iyaqhubeka ibulala abantu bethu abangenacala nabampofu, ikakhulukazi abasetyhini kunye nabantwana, ekuhlaselweni kwabo emoyeni. "

Ngokombono weenkokeli ezininzi ze-Afghanistan, ukuhlasela nokusebenza akuzange kwenzeke amalungelo kumabhinqa, kwaye kuphumelele oko kuphumela kwiindleko zokuqhuma ibhomu, ukudubula kunye nokuphazamisa amawaka amabhinqa. Akunjalo umphumo oswelekileyo kwaye ungalindelekanga. Yona nto ibalulekileyo yemfazwe, kwaye yayilungelelanise ngokucacileyo. Amandla amakhulu aseTaliban aphumelela e-Afghanistan kuba abantu bayayisekela. Oku kubangela ukuba iUnited States ixhase ngokuthe ngqo.

Ngeli xesha lo kubhala, kwiinyanga ezininzi kwaye mhlawumbi iminyaka, ubuncinane okwesibini ngobukhulu kwaye mhlawumbi umthombo omkhulu wemali yeTaliban ibe ngabakhokhi berhafu base-US. Sivalela abantu ukuba sinike isibini sesosi kwiintshaba, ngoxa urhulumente wethu usebenza njengomxhasi wezimali. I-WARLORD, INC INC. Ukutshitshiswa kunye neNkohlakalo Phakathi kwe-US Chain Supply Chain e-Afghanistan, ingxelo ye-2010 evela kwi-Majority Staff yeKomitana elingaphantsi kweNkxaso-mali kaZwelonke kunye neMicimbi yeZangaphandle kwiNdlu yabameli be-US. Iimpepha zengxelo zibonelela kwiiTaliban kwiimpahla ezikhuselekileyo zezinto zase-US, inzuzo enkulu kakhulu kunenzuzo yeTaliban kwi-opium, enye inkulu yomenzi. Oku kuye kwaziwa ngexesha elide ngamagosa aseMelika aphezulu, owaziyo ukuba ama-Afghans, kuquka abo balwa namaTaliban, bavame ukubhalisa ukuze bafumane uqeqesho baze bahlawule emkhosini waseMerika baze bahambe, kwaye kwezinye iimeko zibhalise ngokuphindaphindiweyo.

Oku akumele kungaziwa kumaMerika asekela imfazwe. Awukwazi ukuxhasa imfazwe apho uxhaswa ngamacala omabini, kubandakanywa necala elibhekiselele kulowo omele ukukhusela abafazi base-Afghanistan.

Icandelo: INGXELO YOKWENZA ISICWANGCISO?

I-Senator Barack Obama ikhankasele ngumbongameli kwi-2007 kunye ne-2008 kwiplani efuna ukunyusa imfazwe e-Afghanistan. Wenza kanye nje emva nje kokuthatha iofisi, nangaphambi kokuba enze icebo lokwenza ntoni e-Afghanistan. Ukuthumela nje imikhosi eminye yayiphelile ngokwayo. Kodwa umviwa u-Obama wagxininisa ekuchaseni enye imfazwe - iMfazwe yase-Iraq - kwaye ithembisa ukuyivala. Wawunqoba iDemocratic primaire ngokuyininzi ngenxa yokuba wayenentloni ngokwaneleyo ukuba akazange abe kwiCongress ngexesha lokuvota ukugunyazwa kokuqala kwemfazwe yase-Iraq. Ukuba wavota ngokuphindaphindiweyo ukuze ahlawule imali engakhange ikhankanywe kumajelo, njengoko ama-senators alindeleke ukuba axhase iimfazwe nokuba bayavuma okanye cha.

U-Obama akazange athembise ukuhoxiswa ngokukhawuleza kwemikhosi evela e-Iraq. Enyanisweni, kwakukho ixesha apho akazange avumele ukuba iqela liyeke lihambe ngaphandle kokumemezela ukuba "Sifanele sihambe ngokucophelela njengoko sasingenakukhathalela ukungena." Kumelwe ukuba wayigxininise le binzana ngisho ebuthongweni bakhe. Ngexesha lonyulo olufanayo iqela labameli beDemokhrasi beCongress lanyathelisa oko bakuthi "IsiCwangciso esixanduva lokuphelisa iMfazwe e-Iraq." Imfuno yokuba noxanduva kunye nokunyamekela yayisiseko sokuthi ukuphelisa impi ngokukhawuleza bekuza kuba yinto engenakukhathazeka kwaye ingakhathaleli. Le ngcamango yayiye yaqhubeka igcina i-Afghanistan ne-Iraq iimfazwe zenzeke iminyaka kwaye ziza kubanceda ziqhubeke iminyaka ezayo.

Kodwa iimfazwe zokuphela kunye nemisebenzi iyimfuneko kwaye ilungile, ingabi nantlone kwaye inenkohlakalo. Kwaye akufuneki ukuba "ukushiya" kwehlabathi. Amagosa ethu akhethiweyo akuthola kunzima ukukholelwa, kodwa kukho ezinye iindlela ngaphandle kwemfazwe ephathelele abantu kunye noorhulumente. Xa ubugebengu obuncinane buhamba phambili, ukuqala kwethu phambili kukumisa, emva koko sijonga iindlela zokulungisa izinto ngokufanelekileyo, kubandakanywa ukulahla inkohlakalo ezayo kunye nokulungisa umonakalo. Xa ubugebengu obukhulu kakhulu esaziyo buyaqhubeka, akufuneki ukuba sihambe ngokukhawuleza ekupheliseni oko kunokwenzeka. Sidinga ukuwuphelisa ngokukhawuleza. Yinto enhle kakhulu esinokuyenza kubantu belizwe esilwa nayo. Sineemboleko kubo ngaphezu kwabo bonke abanye. Siyazi ukuba isizwe sabo sinokuba neengxaki xa amajoni ethu ehamba, kwaye ukuba sinokusola ezinye zeengxaki. Kodwa siyazi nokuba abayi kuba nethemba lobomi obuhle xa nje umsebenzi uqhubeka. Isikhundla se-RAWA ekusebenzeni kwe-Afghanistan kukuba i-post-occupation period iya kuba yimbi ngakumbi ukuba umsebenzi uqhubeka. Ngoko, into ephambili kuqala kukuphelisa imfazwe ngokukhawuleza.

Imfazwe ibulala abantu, kwaye akukho nto iyingozi. Njengoko siza kubona kwisahluko sesibhozo, imfazwe ibulala abantu ngokubanzi, nangona ixabiso lomkhosi-olwahlukileyo lombutho lubonakala lilinganiselwe. Ukuba esinye isizwe sasihlala eUnited States, ngokuqinisekileyo asiyi kuvuma ukubulala abo baseMelika abaye balwa baze baphoswa njengabahlali. Imfazwe ibulala abantwana, ngaphezu kwayo yonke, kwaye iyabandezela ngokugqithiseleyo ininzi yabantwana ayiyikuyibulala okanye ixume. Oku akusiyo iindaba ezilungileyo, kodwa kufuneka zihlale zilungiswa njengezilungiso kumabango amaninzi ukuba iimfazwe ziye zahlanjululwa kwaye iibhomu zenziwe "zihlakaniphile" ngokwaneleyo ukuba zibulale kuphela abantu abafuna ukubulawa.

Kwi-1890 umlindi wase-US watshele abantwana bakhe ngemfazwe ebeyinxalenye ye-1838, imfazwe namaNdiya aseKerokee:

Kwesinye ikhaya kwakuyimama obuthathaka, ngokucacileyo ungumhlolokazi nabantwana abathathu abancinci, omnye nje umntwana. Xa utsheliwe ukuba kufuneka ahambe, uMama waqokelela abantwana ngasezinyaweni zakhe, wathandaza ngokuthobeka emlonyeni wakhe, wambamba inja yentsapho yakudala entloko, wachazela isidalwa esithembekileyo esilungileyo, kunye nosana olunamathele emhlane kwaye lukhokela Umntwana ngesandla ngasinye saqala ekuthinjweni. Kodwa lo msebenzi wawukhulu kakhulu kuMama obuthathaka. Ukuphazamiseka kwentliziyo yokunciphisa ukukhulula kwakhe. Watshona waza wafa nomntwana wakhe emhlane, kunye nabanye abantwana bakhe babambelele ezandleni zakhe.

"UMongameli uJunusus owawusindise ubomi bukaMongameli u-Andrew [u-Andrew] Jackson ekulweni kweHors Shoe, wabonakala ngolu hlobo, iinyembezi ziphuma ezihlathini zakhe, waphakamisa ikhanda lakhe wajika ubuso bakhe emazulwini wathi, 'Owu wam, ukuba eyaziwayo empini ye-Horse Shoe into endiyaziyo ngoku, imbali yaseMerika yayiya kubhalwe ngokungafaniyo. "

Kwividiyo eveliswe kwi-2010 nguRethink Afghanistan, i-Zaitullah Ghiasi Wardak ichaza ukuhlaselwa ebusuku e-Afghanistan. Nantsi inguqulelo yesiNgesi:

"Ndingunyana kaAbdul Ghani Khan. Ndivela kwiPhondo leWardak, isithili saseChak, iKhan Khail Village. Ku malunga ne-3: I-00 ngaba baseMerika bajikeleze ikhaya lethu, banyuka phezulu phezu kophahla ngamanqanaba. . . . Bathatha abathathu abathathu ngaphandle, babophe izandla zabo, bafake iimbogi ezimnyama phezu kweentloko zabo. Babaphatha kakubi baze bawagxotha, babaxelela ukuba bahlale apho baze bangahambi.

"Ngeli xesha, elinye iqela likhange kwigumbi leendwendwe. Umntakwabo wathi: 'Xa ndandiva ngongqinela ndacela abantu baseMelika ukuba: "Utata umdala kwaye unzima ukuva. Ndiya kuhamba nawe kwaye ndimkhonze ngenxa yakho. "'Watshitshiswa waza waxelelwa ukuba angahambi. Emva koko baqhekeza umnyango wegumbi leendwendwe. Uba wayeselele kodwa wadutshulwa ngamaxesha e25 ebhedeni lakhe. . . . Ngoku andiyazi, yintoni ubugebengu bukabawo? Yaye yintoni eyingozi kuye? Wayeneminyaka eyi-92 ubudala. "

Imfazwe yayiza kubakho ububi obukhulu emhlabeni nangona kungabi namali, ingasetyenziswanga zixhobo, akushiye umonakalo ongqongileyo, wandisa ngaphezu kokunciphisa amalungelo abemi ekhaya, kwaye nangona oko kufezekisile into efanelekileyo. Kakade, akukho nanye kwezi meko zinokwenzeka.

Ingxaki ngeemfazwe kungekhona ukuba amasosha awanaso isibindi okanye enenjongo efanelekileyo, okanye ukuba abazali babo ababaphakamanga kakuhle. U-Ambrose Bierce, owasinda e-US Civil War ukuba abhale malunga nayo emashumi eminyaka kamva ngokunyaniseka okubuhlungu kunye nokungabikho kokuthandana kwamanye amabali emfazwe, kuchazwa ngokuthi "Uvuyo" kwiDeskrit Dictionary yakhe:

"Ekuqaleni eli gama lithetha ukuhlonipha ngokuzalwa kwaye lasetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo kwisihlwele esikhulu sabantu. Ngoku ithetha ukuhlonipha ngokwemvelo kwaye ithatha ixesha lokuphumla. "

Ukukhwabanisa kuyamangalisa, kodwa ayilunganga. Ububele buyinyani ngokwenene, okokuba kutheni i-propagandists imfazwe ngokunyanisekileyo kuyo ngenxa yeemfazwe zabo. Abaninzi abasemazweni aseMelika basayinela kumngcipheko babo ubomi "kwiMfazwe Yehlabathi Yobunzima" bekholelwa ukuba baya kuvikela isizwe sabo ekufeni. Oko kuthatha ukuzimisela, ubunono, nokupha. Abo babantu abancinci abakhohlisayo, kunye nalabo abancinci abancinci abaye bangena kwiimfazwe zakutshanje, abazange bathunyelwe njengenqanawa yendabuko yokulwa nomkhosi kwintsimi. Baye bathunyelwa kumazwe apho iindwendwe zabo ezazifunyanwa zibukeka njengabantu bonke. Baye bathunyelwa ezweni le-SNAFU, apho abaninzi abazange babuyele kwelinye iqela.

I-SNAFU, ngokuqinisekileyo, imbonakalo yempi yombutho wezemfazwe: Iimeko eziqhelekileyo: Zonke i-Fucked Up.