Iindleko ezizodwa:
Imfazwe ineendleko ezinkulu kakhulu zezimali, ininzi yazo ekusetyenzisweni kwemfazwe - okanye oko kuthethwa ngokuba yimali eqhelekileyo, engekho imfazwe yemali. Ngokukhawuleza, ihlabathi lichitha i-2 trillion minyaka yonke emkhosini, apho iUnited States ichitha malunga nesiqingatha, okanye i-$ 1 trillion. Ukusebenzisa le mali yase-US kulandelelanisa malunga nesiqingatha se-US government's discretionaryibhajethi ngamnye ngonyaka kwaye sasazwa ngamasebe athile kunye namaziko. Uninzi lwentlawulo yehlabathi lonke ngamalungu e-NATO kunye namanye amahlakani aseUnited States, nangona i-China ihamba ngeyesibini kwihlabathi.
Ayikho yonke into eyaziwayo yemali yasemkhosini idlulisela ngokuchanekileyo into. Umzekelo, i Inkcazo yoKhuseleko lweSizwe (I-GPI) i-United States ecaleni kokuphela koxolo kwinqanaba lemali kwimali yokusetyenziswa kwempi. Ufezekisa oku ngeendlela ezimbini. Okokuqala, i-GPI igxininisa ininzi yeentlanga zehlabathi yonke indlela ekupheleni kokuphela kokuxhamla kombono kunokuba ubasabalalise ngokufanayo.
Okwesibini, i-GPI ithatha imali yokusetyenziswa kwempi njengepesenti yemveliso yasekhaya (GDP) okanye ubuninzi boqoqosho. Oku kuphakamisa ukuba ilizwe elityebi elinempi enkulu linokuba noluxolo ngakumbi kunelizwe elihlwempu elinomkhosi omncinci. Lo akusiyo nje umbuzo wemfundo, njengoko amatye okucinga eWashington akhuthaza ukuchitha ipesenteji ephezulu ye-GDP kwimpi, njengokuba umntu kufuneka atyala imali emfazweni xa kunokwenzeka, ngaphandle kokulindela isidingo sokuzivikela.
Ngokuphambene neGPI, i IStockholm International International Research Institute (I-SIPRI) dwelisa iUnited States njengowomgcini wezempi ophezulu kwihlabathi, elilinganiselwa kwiidola ezichithwe. Enyanisweni, ngokweSIPRI, iUnited States ichitha kakhulu kwimfazwe nokulungiswa kwemfazwe njengoko ininzi yehlabathi lidibene. Inyaniso inokuba yinto emangalisayo ngakumbi. I-SIPRI ithi ukusetyenziswa kwezempi zase-US kwi-2011 kwakuyi-$ 711 yezigidigidi. UChris Hellman weProjekthi ePhambili yeSizwe uthi i-$ 1,200 billion okanye i-1.2 trillion. Ukwahluka kuvela ekubandakanyekeni kwemali efunyenwe kuwo onke amasebe karhulumente, kungekhona nje "uKhuseleko," kodwa kunye noKhuselo lwaseKhaya, uRhulumente, uMandla, iMandla yaseMelika yoPhuhliso lweZwelonke, i-Agent Intelligence Agency, i-Arhente yeSizwe yoKhuseleko, uLawulo lwezeNtloko. , inzala kwiimali zemfazwe, njl. Ayikho indlela yokwenza i-apula-apples ukuthelekisa nezinye iintlanga ngaphandle kolwazi oluchanekileyo oluchanekileyo kwilizwe elipheleleyo lemali yokusetyenziswa kwempi, kodwa likhuselekile kakhulu ukucinga ukuba akukho nanye isizwe esisemhlabeni esichitha imali I-500 ibhiliyoni ngaphezu kokubhaliweyo kuyo kwi-SIPRI rankings.
Nangona i-North Korea ngokuqinisekileyo ichitha iphesenti ephezulu kakhulu yemveliso yayo yasekhaya kwimalungiselelo emfazwe kunokuba iUnited States yenza, ngokuqinisekileyo ichitha ngaphantsi kwama-1 ekhulwini oko i-United States ichitha.
Iindleko ezichanekileyo:
Iimfazwe zinokuxabisa kwanesizwe esinobundlobongela esilwa iimfazwe kude nonxweme lwaso kabini kwiindleko ezingangqalanga njengenkcitho ethe ngqo. I-economists ibala iimfazwe zase-US e-Iraq nase-Afghanistan zineendleko, hayi i $ 2 trillion echithwe ngurhulumente wase-US, kodwa iyonke $ 6 zezigidi xa iindleko ezichanekileyo ziqwalaselwa, kubandakanywa ukunakekelwa kwenkxaso yexesha elizayo, inzala kumatyala, impembelelo kwiindleko zombane, iimeko ezilahlekileyo, njl. Oku akubandakanyi indleko enkulu yenkcitho yemali eyongeziweyo eyayihamba nezo mpi, okanye iindleko ezingqalileyo yokuchitha imali, okanye umonakalo ongqongileyo.
Iindleko eziya kulowo uzihlaselayo, njengoko zinkulu, zinokuba zincinci xa uthelekisa nezo zesizwe sihlaselweyo. Umzekelo, uluntu lwase-Iraq kunye neziseko zikhoyo kutshatyalaliswa. Kukho umonakalo omkhulu wendalo, ingxaki yababaleki, kunye nobundlobongela obuhlala ngaphaya kwemfazwe. Iindleko zezemali zazo zonke izakhiwo kunye namaziko kunye namakhaya kunye nezikolo kunye nezibhedlele kunye neenkqubo zamandla ezonakalisiweyo ziphantse zingenakulinganiswa.
Ukulwa kweMfazwe kutyhila i-Economy:
Kuqhelekile ukuba ucinge ukuba, ngenxa yokuba abantu abaninzi banomsebenzi kwi-shishini yemfazwe, ukuchitha imali emilweni kunye nokulungiselela imfazwe kunceda uqoqosho. Kwinyani, ukuchitha ii-dollar ezifanayo kwiimashishini ezinokuthula, kwimfundo, kwiziseko zophuhliso, okanye nakwezinye izicucu zerhafu kubantu abasebenzayo ziza kuvelisa imisebenzi eninzi kwaye kwiimeko ezininzi zenza imisebenzi engcono yokuhlawula - kunye nokonga okwaneleyo ukunceda wonke umntu enze utshintsho ukusuka kwimfazwe ukuya emsebenzini woxolo .
Ukwehla kwimiba ethile kwimikhosi yaseMelika azizange zivelise ukubikezelwa komonakalo wezoqoqosho ngeenkampani zezixhobo.
Ke, kwithuba nje elifutshane, inkcitho yezomkhosi imbi kakhulu kunoko kungekho nto kwezoqoqosho. Ngexesha elide kunokuba lubi nangakumbi. Inkcitho yomkhosi ayivelisi into yokusetyenziswa ebantwini kodwa ihambisa abantu ukuhambisa izinto eziluncedo.
Ukulwa kweMfazwe kwandisa ukungalingani:
Inkcitho yezomkhosi iphambukisa iimali zikarhulumente ziye kumashishini azimeleyo abucala ngakwishishini loluntu elincinci elinokuphendula kwaye elinenzuzo enkulu kubanini nakubalawuli bamashishini abandakanyekayo. Ngenxa yoko, inkcitho emfazweni isebenza ukugxila kubutyebi kwinani elincinci lezandla, apho inxenye inokusetyenziselwa ukonakalisa urhulumente kunye nokunyusa okanye ukugcina inkcitho yomkhosi.
Imali yeMfazwe ayinakwenzeka, Njengoko kuqhutyelwa kweNtshukumo kuququzelela:
Ngelixa imfazwe ilimaza ilizwe elenza imfazwe, ngaba ingasivelisa kakhulu eso sizwe ngakumbi ngokuququzelela ukuxhaphazwa kwezinye izizwe? Hayi ngendlela enokugcinwa. Isizwe esiphambili esenza imfazwe kwihlabathi, i-United States, ine-5% yabemi behlabathi kodwa itya ikota kwisithathu kwisibonelelo sobutyebi bendalo. Oloxhaphazo alunakuba lolungalunganga kwaye alunqweneleki nokuba luzinzile. Inyani yile yokuba ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo akunakho ukugcinwa. Oovimba abanakufunyanwa, kwaye ukusetyenziswa kwabo kuya konakalisa imeko yemozulu kunye ne-ecosystem ngaphambi kokuba iimpahla ziphelelwe.
Ngethamsanqa, ukusetyenziswa okukhulu kunye nokutshatyalaliswa akusoloko kulingana nomgangatho ophezulu wokuphila. Izibonelelo zoxolo kunye nentsebenziswano yamazwe aphesheya ziya kuvezwa nkqu nakwabo bafunda ukusebenzisa kancinci. Izibonelelo zemveliso yalapha ekhaya kunye nokuphila okuzinzileyo akunakulinganiswa. Kwaye enye yezona ndlela zinkulu apho amazwe azizityebi esebenzisa ezona zixhobo zonakalisayo, ezinje ngeoyile, kungokulwa iimfazwe, hayi nje indlela yokuphila ekucingelwa ukuba ivunyelwe ziimfazwe. Into efunekayo kukukwazi ngakumbi ukucinga utshintsho kwimicimbi ephambili kwinkcitho. Amandla aluhlaza kunye neziseko zoncedo ziya kudlula eyona minqweno ishushu yabameli babo ukuba imali esele ityalwe emfazweni dlu liselwa apho.
Isishwankathelo sentla ngasentla.
