NguJoseph Santolan, World BEYOND War, 10 Agasti 10, 2017
I-Pentagon iceba ukuqalisa ukuhlaselwa kwe-drone kwisiqithi saseMindanao kumazantsi ePhilippines, i-NBC News ibonise uMvulo ichaza amagosa amabini okukhusela ase-US angachazwanga ngamagama. Ibali lapapashwa njengoko uNobhala kaRhulumente wase-US u-Rex Tillerson wadibana noMongameli wase-Philippine u-Rodrigo Duterte eManila emva koMbutho weZizwe eziMazantsi-mpuma we-Asia (ASEAN) Iforamu yeNgingqi ebanjwe apho ngeveki.
Isiqithi saseMindanao, esinabemi abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-22, besiphantsi komthetho wezomkhosi phantse iinyanga ezintathu njengoko umkhosi wasePhilippine uqhube iphulo lokuqhushumba, ngenkxaso ethe ngqo kunye nesikhokelo semikhosi yase-US, kwisityholo se-Islamic State of Iraq. kunye neSiriya (ISIS) izinto kwisixeko saseMarawi.
Into eyenziwe kubantu baseMarawi lulwaphulo-mthetho lwemfazwe. Amakhulu abantu ababuleweyo kwaye ngaphezulu kwama-400,000 bagxothwa kumakhaya abo, bajika baba ziimbacu zangaphakathi. Basasazeke kulo lonke elaseMindanao kunye neeVisayas bekhangela indawo yokuhlala phakathi kwexesha lenkanyamba, bahlala bengondlekanga kwaye abanye babulawa yindlala.
Umthetho we-Martial usebenzela iimfuno zama impiriyali ase-US. Umkhosi wase-US wabandakanyeka kuhlaselo lokuqala lwemikhosi yasePhilippine eyakhokelela ekubhengezweni komthetho we-karate, imikhosi ekhethekileyo yabasebenzi baye bathatha inxaxheba ekuhlaselweni okwenziwa kuso sonke isixeko, kwaye iinqwelomoya zokucupha zase-US ziye zalathisa i-barrages yemihla ngemihla.
Ukusukela oko kunyulo lwakhe kunyaka ophelileyo, uDuterte wazama ukubuyisela ubudlelwane bezozakuzo kunye noqoqosho lwasePhilippine ukuya eBeijing kwaye, ukuya kuthi ga kwinqanaba elithile, eMoscow, kwaye wabonakala engenamdla kwimidla yaseWashington. Ekuhambeni kwexesha likamanduleli wakhe e-ofisini, i-impiriyalizim yase-US ngokusebenzisa iindlela zomthetho nezomkhosi iye yanyusa kabukhali iphulo layo lokulwa ne-China, isebenzisa iManila njengekhokela ummeli kulo mmandla.
Xa uDuterte oguquguqukayo kunye ne-fascistic ethatha isikhundla, iWashington yaxhasa ngezimali "imfazwe yakhe yeziyobisi" yokubulala, kodwa, wathi akuqala ukuziqhelanisa nemiyalelo yase-US, iSebe leSizwe laseMelika lafumanisa ukuba linenkxalabo "ngamalungelo abantu." Uxinzelelo lweli phulo lwavula umsantsa obanzi phakathi kweManila neWashington, njengoko uDuterte waphinda wagxeka ulwaphulo-mthetho lwase-US ngexesha leMfazwe yaseMelika yasePhilippine. Ngokucacileyo, ezinye iindlela kunye neendlela ezingqongqo zokulawula okanye ukuphelisa uDuterte zazifuneka.
IWashington yakha umkhosi wekholoni yayo yangaphambili, kwaye ubhedu oluphezulu lwaluqeqeshwe kwaye lunyanisekile e-US. Njengoko uDuterte wayebhabha esiya eMoscow ukuya kudibana noPutin ukuze athethe ngesivumelwano somkhosi esinokubakho, unobhala wezoKhuselo uDelfin Lorenzana, esebenza noWashington nangasemva komongameli wasePhilippine, waqalisa uhlaselo kumkhosi wabucala weqela elilawulayo losapho eMarawi abathi babanga. wathembisa ukunyaniseka kwi-ISIS. Uhlaselo lwavumela uLorenzana ukuba abhengeze umthetho wezempi kwaye anyanzelise umongameli ukuba abuyele ePhilippines.
IWashington yaqala ukufowuna eMarawi kwaye ngokufanelekileyo kulo lonke ilizwe. UDuterte wanyamalala kubomi boluntu iiveki ezimbini. U-Lorenzana, esebenzisa igunya lomthetho wasemkhosini, ubuyisele imithambo yaselwandle edibeneyo kunye nemikhosi yase-US awayeyilahlile uDuterte njengoko babejolise ngokucacileyo ngokuchasene neTshayina. Uzakuzo wase-US eManila waqala ukunxibelelana ngokuthe ngqo nobhedu lomkhosi, wajikeleza ibhotwe likamongameli waseMalacanang ngokupheleleyo.
UDuterte uphinde wabonakala njengendoda eyalelwe yiWashington. Umyalezo wawucacile, ukuba unqwenela ukuhlala esemandleni kwakufuneka abambe umgca wase-US. IWashington yayingenangxaki ngemfazwe yakhe yeziyobisi, eye yabulala abantu abangaphezu kwe-12,000 kulo nyaka uphelileyo, ukuba nje wayesebenzela i-US. UTillerson ubhengeze ukuba akazukuyiphakamisa imiba yamalungelo oluntu kwindibano yakhe noDuterte.
Kwinkomfa yabezindaba kunye noTillerson, uDuterte wagxwala. "Singabahlobo. Singamahlakani,” utshilo. "Ndingumhlobo wakho othobekileyo eMzantsi-mpuma Asia."
IWashington ayinelisekanga kukugcina ukunyaniseka kukaDuterte, nangona kunjalo. Ngokwenyani bajonge ukuphinda basebenzise iiPhilippines, baseke iziseko zomkhosi kulo lonke ilizwe, kwaye balawule ngokuthe ngqo ikhondo lezopolitiko.
IWashington sele iqalile ukusebenza kunye ne-hubris yenkosi yekoloniyali. Isicwangciso sokuba i-US iqalise iphulo lokuqhunyiswa kwebhombu e-Mindanao ikwinqanaba eliphezulu lokulungela, kodwa ngokuvuma kwabo, akukho rhulumente wasekuhlaleni, okanye ubhedu lomkhosi wase-Philippine abazange baxelelwe ngesicwangciso.
NgoJulayi, uGeneral Paul Selva, usekela-sihlalo we-US Joint Chiefs, uxelele iKomiti yeeNkonzo zeSenethi ukuba iWashington izimisele ukunika igama kwimishini yayo ePhilippines, inyathelo eliya kuqinisekisa inkxaso-mali enkulu kwimisebenzi yase-US kweli lizwe.
USelva uthe, “Ingakumbi kwiindawo ezibuthathaka ezikumazantsi eePhilippines, ndicinga ukuba kufanelekile ukuqwalasela ukuba siyawubuyisela okanye asiwubuyisela umsebenzi ochaziweyo, kungekuphela nje ukubonelela ngezixhobo ezifunekayo, kodwa ukunika iNkumanda yePasifiki kunye nabaphathi bommandla. kwiiPhilippines iintlobo zamagunya abawadingayo ukuze basebenze nemikhosi yabemi bomthonyama kwiiPhilippines ukubanceda baphumelele kuloo ndawo yedabi.”
IWashington sele ineebhutsi emhlabeni -imikhosi ekhethekileyo ethatha inxaxheba kumadabi aseMarawi, kunye neenqwelomoya zayo zokujonga ezimisela iithagethi kwiiphulo zokuqhushumba. Ukunyuka ngaphaya koku ukuya "kwiintlobo zabasemagunyeni" ezongezelelweyo kuya kubandakanya ukuqhushumba okuthe ngqo kwe-US esixekweni.
Ulawulo lwaseDuterte luzame ngobuthathaka ukunqanda ukungenelela kwe-US kulawulo lwasePhilippine, luphendula iingxelo zokuba i-US izakuqala iphulo lokuqhushumba elizweni ngokubhengeza ukuba abahlaseli baseMarawi "baphefumlelwe yi-ISIS."
I-US-Philippine Mutual Defense Treaty (MDT) ye-1951 ivumela kuphela imisebenzi yokulwa yase-US kwilizwe ukuba ihlaselwe ngokuthe ngqo ngamandla angaphandle. Apha kukho ukubaluleka kokuleyibhelishwa kwento eyona nto ingumkhosi wabucala wosapho lodidi olulawulayo njenge-ISIS. Ngaphantsi kwemiqathango ye-MDT, iWashington inokuxoxa ukuba imikhosi yaseMarawi ngumkhosi wokuhlasela wangaphandle.
Ukumiswa komlilo ochasene ne-imperialist kaDuterte kuphelile, kwaye unobhala wakhe weendaba uzama ngokubuthathaka ukugcina ulongamo lwesizwe ngokubanga ukuba abahlaseli beentshaba-ubukhulu becala abantwana kunye nabafana abaqeshwe kwaye baxhotyiswe liqela leMindanao elite-kuphela "baphefumlelweyo" ngo-ISIS.
Ngeli xesha uMkhosi oxhobileyo wakwiiPhilippines wakhupha ingxelo yeendaba, esithi, "Siyayibulela ingxelo yePentagon yomnqweno wokunceda iiPhilippines," kodwa wongeze ngelithi "asikasifumani isaziso esisemthethweni" solu ncedo.
Eyona nto iphambili ekujoliswe kuyo kwiphulo likaWashington lokuphinda yenze amathanga kwakhona yi-China. Ngomhla we-4 ku-Agasti, iSekela likaMmeli we-US uMichael Klecheski uvule iZiko loQeqesho loQeqesho oluHlangeneyo lwaseLwandle (JMLETC) kwisiqithi sasePalawan, esisesona sikufutshane noLwandle lwase-China olunengxabano. Kwiziko imikhosi yase-US iza kusebenza kunye nokuqeqesha umkhosi wasePhilippine ukuze ukhulise "ubuchule bolwazi lwendawo yaselwandle" kunye "nokumisa izixhobo ezinkulu ekudluleni okanye kufutshane namanzi e-Philippine," kubandakanywa " ukusetyenziswa kwamandla.”
"Izixhobo ezinkulu" "kufuphi namanzi ommandla wePhilippine" kubhekiswa ngokucacileyo kwindawo yokumisa ngamaTshayina kwiZiqithi zeSpratly eziphikisanayo.
Iziganeko zeenyanga ezintathu ezidlulileyo kwiiPhilippines zityhila kwakhona ukuba i-imperialism yase-US iya kwenza nantoni na ukuze ifezekise iinjongo zayo. Imikhosi yase-US yenze isoyikiso se-ISIS kumkhosi wabucala owenziwe ngamajoni abantwana, yongamela ukuqhushumba kwesixeko esihle esibulala amakhulu abantu kwaye yajika amakhulu amane amawaka ukuba babaleki abahlwempuzekileyo-konke ukwenza ukubhengezwa komthetho wemfazwe kunye wamisela isiseko sobuzwilakhe bomkhosi.
