nguPhil Anderson, World Beyond War, Matshi 15, 2022
"Imfazwe ihlala ikhetha kwaye ihlala ilukhetho olubi." World Beyond War kwimpapasho yabo ethi “Inkqubo Yokhuseleko Lwehlabathi: Enye Indlela Eya Kulwa Imfazwe.”
Imfazwe yaseUkraine zombini ikukuvuka malunga nobudenge bemfazwe kunye nethuba elinqabileyo lokufudukela kwihlabathi elinoxolo.
Imfazwe ayisiyompendulo ukuba iRussia ihlasela iUkraine okanye iUnited States ihlasela iAfghanistan neIraq. Ayiyompendulo xa nasiphi na esinye isizwe sisebenzisa ugonyamelo lomkhosi ukuphumeza injongo ethile yezobupolitika, yemimandla, yezoqoqosho okanye yobuhlanga. Nemfazwe ayisiso isicombululo xa abahlaseli nabacinezelweyo besilwa ngogonyamelo.
Ukufunda amabali abantu baseUkrainian, babo bonke ubudala kunye neemvelaphi, ukuzinikela ekulweni kunokubonakala kungamagorha. Sonke sifuna ukuvuyisana nenkalipho, ukuzincama kwabemi abaqhelekileyo bemi ngokuchasene nomhlaseli. Kodwa oku kunokuba yingcinga yaseHollywood ngakumbi kunendlela enengqondo yokuchasa uhlaselo.
Sonke sifuna ukunceda ngokunika izixhobo zaseUkraine kunye nezixhobo zemfazwe. Kodwa oku akunangqiqo kwaye ukucinga ngendlela ephosakeleyo. Inkxaso yethu isenokwenzeka yokwandisa ungquzulwano kwaye ibulale abantu abaninzi baseUkraine kunokuba ibangele ukoyiswa kwemikhosi yaseRussia.
Ubundlobongela - kungakhathaliseki ukuba ngubani owenzayo okanye injongo - kuphela ukwandisa iingxabano, ukubulala abantu abamsulwa, ukutshabalalisa amazwe, ukutshabalalisa uqoqosho lwasekuhlaleni, ukudala ubunzima kunye nokubandezeleka. Kunqabile ukuba kubekho into entle ezuzwayo. Amaxesha amaninzi oonobangela bongquzulwano baye bayeke ukuba baqhubeke kumashumi eminyaka kwixesha elizayo.
Ukusasazeka kobunqolobi, amashumi eminyaka okubulala kwa-Israyeli nasePalestina, iingxabano zasePakistan-Indiya malunga neKashmir, kunye neemfazwe zase-Afghanistan, Yemen, naseSiriya yonke imizekelo yangoku yokusilela kwemfazwe ukufezekisa iinjongo zelizwe naluphi na uhlobo.
Sithanda ukucinga ukuba zimbini kuphela iindlela esinokukhetha kuzo xa sijongene nomntu oxhaphazayo okanye isizwe esihlaselayo - ukulwa okanye ukuzithoba. Kodwa kukho ezinye iindlela. Njengoko uGandhi wabonisa eIndiya, ukuchasana nokungabikho kobundlobongela kunokuphumelela.
Kumaxesha anamhlanje, ukungathobeli kwabantu, uqhanqalazo, uqhankqalazo, ukwayikiswa kunye nezenzo zokungasebenzisani ziye zaphumelela ngokuchasene noozwilakhe basekhaya, iinkqubo zengcinezelo kunye nabahlaseli bamanye amazwe. Uphando lwembali, olusekelwe kwiziganeko zangempela phakathi kwe-1900 kunye ne-2006, lubonise ukuchasana okungenalo ubundlobongela kuphindwe kabini ukuphumelela ukuchasana kwezixhobo ekufezekiseni utshintsho lwezopolitiko.
I-2004-05 "i-Orange Revolution" e-Ukraine yayingumzekelo. Iividiyo zangoku zabemi baseUkraine abangaxhobanga abathintela iinqwelo zomkhosi zaseRussia ngemizimba yabo ngomnye umzekelo wokuchasana nobundlobongela.
Izohlwayo zezoqoqosho nazo zinerekhodi elibi lempumelelo. Sicinga ngezohlwayo njengenye indlela yoxolo kwimfazwe yasemkhosini. Kodwa lolunye nje uhlobo lwemfazwe.
Sifuna ukukholelwa ukuba izohlwayo zezoqoqosho ziya kunyanzela uPutin ukuba ahlehlise. Kodwa izohlwayo ziya kubeka isohlwayo esihlangeneyo kubantu baseRussia ngenxa yolwaphulo-mthetho olwenziwe nguPutin kunye ne-kleptocracy yakhe enegunya. Imbali yezohlwayo ibonisa ukuba abantu baseRussia (nakwamanye amazwe) baya kubandezeleka kwezoqoqosho, indlala, izifo, kunye nokufa ngelixa i-oligarchy elawulayo ingachaphazeleki. Izohlwayo zibuhlungu kodwa azifane zithintele ukuziphatha kakubi kweenkokeli zehlabathi.
Izohlwayo zoqoqosho kunye nezixhobo zokuthumela ngenqanawa eUkraine zikwabeka emngciphekweni ihlabathi liphela. Ezi zenzo ziya kubonwa njengezenzo ezikhuthazayo zemfazwe nguPutin kwaye zinokukhokelela ngokulula ekwandiseni imfazwe kwamanye amazwe okanye ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zenyukliya.
Imbali izaliswe ziimfazwe “ezincinane ezimangalisayo” ezaba ziintlekele ezinkulu.
Ngokucacileyo ngeli xesha ekuphela kwesisombululo esiphilileyo e-Ukraine kukuphela komlilo ngokukhawuleza kunye nokuzibophelela kwawo onke amaqela kwiingxoxo zokwenene. Oku kuya kufuna ungenelelo lwesizwe esithembekileyo, esingathathi hlangothi (okanye izizwe) ukuze sithethethethane ngoxolo kwimbambano.
Kukho kwakhona isilivere enokubakho kule mfazwe. Njengoko kucacile kwimiboniso echasene nale mfazwe, eRashiya nakwamanye amazwe amaninzi, abantu behlabathi bafuna uxolo.
Inkxaso enkulu, engazange ibonwe ngaphambili yezohlwayo zezoqoqosho kunye nokuchaswa kohlaselo lwaseRussia inokuba lumanyano lwamazwe ngamazwe olufunekayo ukuze ekugqibeleni luzimisele ukuphelisa imfazwe njengesixhobo sabo bonke oorhulumente. Olu manyano lunokunika amandla kumsebenzi onzima wolawulo lwezixhobo, ukudilizwa kwemikhosi yelizwe, ukuphelisa izixhobo zenyukliya, uhlengahlengiso nokomelezwa kweZizwe eziManyeneyo, ukwandisa iNkundla yeHlabathi, nokusingise kukhuseleko oludibeneyo lwezizwe zonke.
Ukhuseleko lwesizwe asingomdlalo we-zero-sum. Esinye isizwe akufuneki siphulukane ukuze esinye siphumelele. Kuphela kuxa onke amazwe ekhuselekile apho naliphi na ilizwe liya kuba nokhuseleko. Olu "ukhuseleko oluqhelekileyo" lufuna ukwakha enye inkqubo yokhuseleko esekelwe ekukhuseleni okungaxhomekiyo kunye nentsebenziswano yamazwe ngamazwe. Inkqubo yangoku yehlabathi yokhuseleko lwesizwe olusekelwe emkhosini iye yasilela.
Lixesha lokuphelisa imfazwe kunye nezisongelo zemfazwe njengesixhobo esamkelweyo sobuqhinga.
Imibutho ilungiselela imfazwe kwakudala ngaphambi kokuba imfazwe yenzeke. Imfazwe yindlela yokuziphatha efundwayo. Kudinga ixesha elininzi, umgudu, imali kunye nezibonelelo. Ukwakha enye inkqubo yokhuseleko, kufuneka silungiselele kwangaphambili ukhetho olungcono loxolo.
Kufuneka sizimisele malunga nokuphelisa imfazwe, ukuphelisa izixhobo zenyukliya kunye nokunciphisa kunye nokudiliza imikhosi yemikhosi yehlabathi. Kufuneka siguqule ubutyebi ekulweni imfazwe ukuya ekulweni uxolo.
Ukhetho loxolo kunye nokungabikho kobundlobongela kufuneka lwakhelwe kwiinkcubeko zesizwe, iinkqubo zemfundo kunye namaziko ezopolitiko. Kufuneka kubekho iindlela zokusombulula impixano, ukulamla, ukugweba kunye nokugcina uxolo. Kufuneka sakhe inkcubeko yoxolo endaweni yokuzukisa imfazwe.
World Beyond War unesicwangciso esibanzi, esisebenzayo sokudala enye indlela yokhuseleko olufanayo lwehlabathi. Konke kucacisiwe kupapasho lwabo oluthi “Inkqubo yoKhuseleko lweHlabathi: Enye indlela eya eMfazweni.” Bakwabonisa ukuba oku akuyongcamango ye-Utopian. Ihlabathi belisiya kolu sukelo ngaphezu kweminyaka elikhulu. IZizwe eziManyeneyo, iiNdibano zaseGeneva, iNkundla yeHlabathi kunye nezivumelwano ezininzi zolawulo lwezixhobo zibubungqina.
Uxolo lunokwenzeka. Imfazwe e-Ukraine kufuneka ibe ngumnxeba wokuvuka kuzo zonke iintlanga. Ukujongana ngezikhondo zamehlo asibobunkokeli. I-Belligerence ayinamandla. Ukuxhokonxa asiyo-diplomacy. Izenzo zomkhosi azizisombululi iingxabano. De zonke izizwe ziyakuqaphela oku, kwaye zitshintshe indlela yazo yokuziphatha yasemkhosini, siya kuqhubeka siphindaphinda iimpazamo zexesha elidlulileyo.
Kunjengokuba uMongameli uJohn F. Kennedy watshoyo, “Uluntu lumele luphelise imfazwe, kungenjalo imfazwe iya kuluphelisa uluntu.”
