NguIan Cobain, Yeka iMfazwe yamaQumrhu
Isigqibo senkundla yolwaphulo-mthetho yamazwe ngamazwe sokuphanda izityholo zolwaphulo-mthetho lwemfazwe sibeka i-UK kwinkampani yamazwe afana neCentral African Republic, iKholombiya kunye ne-Afghanistan.
U-Baha Mousa, umamkeli-zihotele wase-Iraq wangcungcuthekiswa wade wasweleka yimikhosi yaseBritane ngo-2003.
Izityholo zokuba imikhosi yaseBritane yayinoxanduva lothotho lolwaphulo-mthetho lwemfazwe emva kohlaselo lwe Irakh ziya kuvavanywa yi inkundla yenkundla yezobugebengu (ICC) eHague, amagosa abhengeze.
Inkundla iza kuqhuba uvavanyo lokuqala malunga namatyala angama-60 atyholwa ngokubulala ngokungekho mthethweni kunye namabango okuba ngaphezulu kwe-170 Iraqis baphathwa kakubi ngelixa baseBritane. umkhosi kugcinwa.
Amagosa okhuselo aseBrithani aqinisekile ukuba i-ICC ayiyi kuhamba kwinqanaba elilandelayo kwaye ivakalise uphando olusemthethweni, ngenxa yokuba i-UK inamandla okuphanda izityholo ngokwayo.
Nangona kunjalo, isibhengezo sisibetha kwisidima somkhosi oxhobileyo, njengoko i-UK kuphela kwelizwe lasentshona elijongene nophando lokuqala kwi-ICC. Isigqibo senkundla sibeka i-UK kwinkampani amazwe afana neCentral African Republic, iKholombiya neAfghanistan.
Kwisiteyitimenti, i-ICC yathi: “Inkcazelo entsha efunyenwe yile ofisi ityhola uxanduva lwamagosa aseUnited Kingdom kulwaphulo-mthetho lwemfazwe olubandakanya ukuphathwa kakubi kwamabanjwa e-Iraq ukususela ngo-2003 ukuya kutsho ngo-2008.
"Uvavanyo lokuqala oluvulwe kwakhona luya kuhlalutya, ngakumbi, izityholo zolwaphulo-mthetho ezibhekiselele kwimikhosi exhobileyo yase-United Kingdom esasazwe e-Iraq phakathi kwe-2003 kunye ne-2008.
Ephendula kwesi sigqibo, igqwetha jikelele, uDominic Grieve, uthe urhulumente usikhabile nasiphi na isityholo sokuba kukho ukuxhatshazwa okucwangcisiweyo okwenziwa ngumkhosi waseBritane eIraq.
"Imikhosi yaseBritane yenye yezona zibalaseleyo kwihlabathi kwaye silindele ukuba zisebenze kweyona migangatho iphezulu, ngokuhambelana nomthetho wasekhaya nowamazwe ngamazwe," utshilo. "Kumava am uninzi lwemikhosi yethu exhobileyo iyahlangabezana nolu lindelo."
U-Greeve wongezelela ukuba nangona izityholo sele "ziphandwa ngokupheleleyo" e-UK "urhulumente wase-UK uye wahlala, kwaye uhlala engumxhasi oqinileyo we-ICC kwaye ndiya kunika iofisi yomtshutshisi ngayo nantoni na efunekayo ukubonisa ukuba ubulungisa baseBritani bulungile. ilandela ikhondo layo elifanelekileyo”.
Uphando lukwathetha ukuba iqela lamapolisa aseBritane anoxanduva lokuphanda izityholo, kunye neGunyabantu lezoTshutshiso leNkonzo (SPA), elinoxanduva lokuzisa amatyala emfazwe ezinkundleni, kunye noGrieve, ekufuneka benze isigqibo sokugqibela malunga nokutshutshiswa kolwaphulo-mthetho kwimfazwe I-UK, sonke sinokulindela ukujongana nenqanaba lokuphononongwa kwiHague.
Kuseza kwiintsuku nje ezimbalwa phambi konyulo lwaseYurophu apho iqela le-Independence yase-UK (Ukip) kulindeleke ngokubanzi ukuba liqhube kakuhle - ngokuyinxenye ngenxa yokuthandabuza kwawo ngamaziko aseYurophu afana ne-ICC - isigqibo senkundla sikwanokuthi sivuse isiphithiphithi esikhulu sezopolitiko.
Isigqibo somtshutshisi oyintloko we-ICC, Fatou Bensouda, senziwa emva kokuba isikhalazo sifakwe ngoJanuwari yi-NGO yamalungelo oluntu aseBerlin Iziko laseYurophu loMgaqo-siseko kunye namaLungelo oLuntu, kunye nenkampani yamagqwetha yaseBirmingham AmaGqwetha anomdla woLuntu (PIL), eyayimele usapho lwe Baha Musa, umamkeli wehotele wase-Iraq wangcungcuthekiswa wade wabhubha ngumkhosi waseBritane ngo-2003, nothe ukususela ngoko wamela inkitha yamanye amadoda nabafazi ababanjiweyo nabatyholwa ngokuphathwa kakubi.
Inkqubo yoviwo lokuqala inokuthatha iminyaka eliqela.
Intloko esanda kuqeshwa ye-SPA, u-Andrew Cayley QC - onamava eminyaka engama-20 yokutshutshisa kwiinkundla zamatyala emfazwe eCambodia naseHague - uthe wayeqinisekile ukuba i-ICC iya kugqiba ukuba i-UK kufuneka iqhubeke nokuphanda izityholo. .
UCayley uthe i-SPA "ayiyi kuphazamiseka" ukuzisa ukutshutshiswa, ukuba ubungqina buyayithethelela. Wongeze ukuba akalindelanga ukuba nabaphi na abantu - amagosa okanye abaphathiswa - abaza kutshutshiswa.
Naluphi na ulwaphulo-mthetho lwemfazwe olwenziwa ngabasebenzi baseBritane okanye abakhonzayo lityala phantsi komthetho wesiNgesi ngenxa ye INkundla yezoPhulo UMthetho 2001.
I-ICC sele ibubonile ubungqina obubonisa ukuba imikhosi yaseBritane yenza ubugebenga bemfazwe e-Iraq, igqibezela emva kokufumana isikhalazo sangaphambili ngo-2006: “Bekukho isizathu esibambekayo sokukholelwa ukuba ubugebenga obuphakathi kwenkundla benziwe, oko kukuthi, ukubulala ngabom kunye nokubulawa kwabantu. ukuphathwa kakubi.” Ngelo xesha, inkundla yagqiba kwelokuba mayingathabathi manyathelo, njengoko kukho izityholo ezingaphantsi kwama-20.
Amatyala amaninzi angakumbi avele kwiminyaka yakutshanje. Okwangoku, i Iqela le-Iraq leZityholo zeMbali (IHAT), iqumrhu elimiselwe nguMphathiswa wezoKhuselo ukuphanda izikhalazo ezivela kwiminyaka emihlanu yomkhosi waseBrithani wasemzantsi-mpuma welizwe, uhlola izikhalazo ze-52 zokubulala ngokungekho mthethweni okubandakanya ukufa kwe-63 kunye nezityholo ze-93 zokuphathwa kakubi okubandakanya. 179 abantu. Izityholo zokubulala ngokungekho mthethweni zibandakanya inani labantu ababhubhela eluvalelweni kunye nezikhalazo zokuphathwa gadalala ukusuka kwimpatho-gadalala engephi ukuya ekuthuthunjisweni.
PIL warhoxisa izityholo Ukubulawa kwabantu ngokungekho mthethweni ngenxa yesiganeko esinye, umlo ngoMeyi ka-2004 owaziwa njengedabi likaDanny Boy, nangona uphando luqhubeka luhlola izityholo zokuba inani labavukeli ababebanjwe ngelo xesha baphathwa kakubi.
I-ICC izakuphonononga izityholo ezahlukeneyo, ingakumbi kwabo babefudula bevalelwe e-Iraq.
Emva kokusweleka kuka-Baha Mousa, elinye ijoni, i-corporal uDonald Payne, wavuma ukuba unetyala lokuphatha kakubi amabanjwa kwaye wavalelwa unyaka omnye. Waba lijoni lokuqala nelokuphela kwalo laseBritani ukuvuma ulwaphulo-mthetho lwemfazwe.
Amanye amajoni amathandathu ayenjalo ku hlawulwa. Ijaji yafumanisa ukuba uMoussa kunye namanye amadoda ahlaselwe ngaphezulu kweeyure ezingama-36, kodwa inani lezityholo liye larhoxiswa ngenxa “yokuvalwa kwezikhundla”.
I-MoD wavuma kuMgcini kwiminyaka emine eyadlulayo ukuba kwasweleka abanye abantu abasixhenxe baseIraq elugcinweni lomkhosi wase-UK. Ukusukela ngoko, akukho mntu uye wamangalelwa okanye wamangalelwa.
umthombo: Guardian
