NguDarini Rajasingham-Senanayake, KwiNdaba zeNzulu, Februwari 28, 2021
Umbhali ngu i-anthropologist yenkcubeko kunye nobuchule bophando kuqoqosho lwezopolitiko lwamazwe ngamazwe, uxolo, kunye nezifundo zophuhliso kuMzantsi kunye noMzantsi-mpuma we-Asia.
I-COLOMBO (IDN) -Ikomkhulu laseIndiya iNew Delhi litshise kwiveki ephelileyo kaFebruwari 2020 njengoko uMongameli wase-US uDonald Trump wayesiya eIndiya. Ukundwendwela eyona 'demokhrasi' inkulu kwaye idlakadlaka, uTrump uthengise phakathi kwezinye izinto, izixhobo ezixabisa i-USD 3 yeebhiliyoni kwiNkulumbuso uNarendra Modi.
'Intsebenziswano yenkulungwane' phakathi kwe-Indiya ne-US ebhengezwe nguModi ibonakala iyilelwe ukubeka i-China kunye nenyathelo layo le-Belt and Road (BRI), esele lingqingwe yintsholongwane ye-Corona engaqondakaliyo, kwisaziso.
Ngexesha lotyelelo lukaTrump lweentsuku ezimbini eIndiya, abantu abangama-43 babulawa kwaye abaninzi ngakumbi benzakala njengoko uqhushululu lwamaHindu-Muslim lwanyakazela kumantla mpuma eNew Delhi ngoqhanqalazo oluchasene noMthetho woLungiso loBumi baseIndiya (CAA), ekucingelwa ukuba lucalucalulo kumaSilamsi.
Utyelelo lukamongameli wase-US e-India, lweza kanye unyaka emva kokuba iingxwabangxwaba zamaHindu namaSilamsi e-India zachukunyiswa ngamaqela angaphandle angaqondakaliyo kunye nemfazwe ekufutshane phakathi kweentshaba ezixhobileyo zenyukliya, iIndiya nePakistan, eyabanjelwa kwiSithili sasePulwama, eJammu naseKashmir ngoFebruwari ka-2019. kanye phambi koNyulo Jikelele eIndiya
Iminyhadala yasePulwama yavuselela ubuzwe bamaHindu kwaye yaqinisekisa ukubuya kwesafron enemibala uNarendra Modi, iqabane elikhethwa nguMongameli uTrump kunye nomhlobo wakhe, ukuba alawule ngesininzi esikhulu.
Uxinzelelo beluqhubeka ukusukela oko kuqale ngo-Okthobha odlulileyo uMthetho woLungiso loBumi (CAA) phakathi kokunyuka kolwazi lokhuseleko lwelizwe kwindawo yobuntlola yaseIndiya ebonakala ngathi ikwishishini lomkhosi wase-US, isakhiwo sobuntlola esinamajoni angama-800 kunye 'ne-lily pad'. isekela kwihlabathi liphela emva kweziganeko ePulwama.
Imibuzo ye-12 ka-Prashant Bhushan malunga ne-Pulwama kufuphi nemfazwe iphakamisa imibuzo malunga nendima yamaqela angaphandle, ngaphandle kwe-Asia yaseMzantsi, ekumiseni le mfazwe esondeleyo.[1]
Kwiinyanga ezimbini ngaphambi kokudlula kwe-CAA ngo-Agasti ka-2019, iKashmir yahluthwa iSimo sayo esiKhethekileyo emva kokurhoxisa iSiqendu 370, yaza yayahlulahlula yaba yiBuddhist Ladakh, Hindu Jammu kunye neMuslim Kashmir kunye norhulumente ukuvalwa kweenyanga.
Ezi zenzo ngurhulumente we-safron tinged Modi zazithetheleleka egameni "lokhuseleko lwesizwe" kunye nasemva kweziganeko ePulwama ngexesha apho amaSilamsi ngaphakathi nangaphandle kweIndiya aye asanda ukwakhiwa njengesoyikiso zii-arhente ezininzi zobuntlola zasentshona.
Iipolitiki zesazisi ngokwenkolo eMzantsi Asia ziya zixhotyiswa ngamabali malunga nobunqolobi bobuSilamsi obuvezwa ngoku ngokuchasene namaBhuda kunye namaHindu kwindawo yehlabathi eneendlela ezinde nezintsonkothileyo zokwahlukana kwenkolo kunye nokubakho kunye.
Kwiinyanga ezimbini emva kokuba i-Indiya nePakistan zingene kumlo wemfazwe ePulwama, uhlaselo olungaqondakaliyo lwe-Ista lwabanjwa ngokuchasene neeCawe eziphambi kolwandle kunye neehotele zabakhenkethi zodidi nge-21 ka-Epreli ka-2019 kubuBuddha obulawula eSri Lanka. State (IS), ngelixa iingcali ezahlukeneyo zobuntlola babanga ukuba ISIS icwangciswe ukuseka Caliphate yayo kwiPhondo Mpuma ebekwe ngokucwangcisekileyo Sri Lanka apho izibuko elwandle nzulu Trincomalee ibekwe [2]
USaeed Naqvi, isazi esaziwayo kunye nentatheli eseDelhi, uye wabiza ubugrogrisi bamaSilamsi, "i-asethi yediplomatic", ngelixa uKhadinali waseSri Lanka uMalcom Ranjith waphawula ukuba izizwe ezinamandla zithengisa izixhobo emva kohlaselo olunjalo.
Kwiintsuku kamva, kwaqhambuka udushe emva konyulo e-Indonesia, ilizwe lesithathu elinabantu abaninzi e-Asia kunye noqoqosho olukhulu lwe-Asia-mpuma ye-Asia, emva koloyiso olupheleleyo lolonyulo lukaMongameli uJoko Widodo. Izidubedube eJakarta zijolise kuhlanga oluncinci, ngakumbi amaBhuda, amaTshayina kwiinkolo ezininzi, ikomkhulu lamaSilamsi eIndonesia, iJakarta, eyatshisa ubusuku obubini.
Iziko lokuShifting laMandla eHlabathi kunye nendlela uLwandlekazi lwaseIndiya elalahleka ngayo
Kule minyaka ilishumi idlulileyo iziko lamandla ehlabathi kunye nobutyebi liye lasuka ngokuzolileyo lisuka kwi-Euro-America kunye ne-Trans-Atlantiki, libuyela e-Asiya kunye nommandla woLwandlekazi lwase-Indiya elikhokelwe kukunyuka kwe-China kunye namanye amazwe aseMpuma nakumazantsi-mpuma e-Asia.
Ke, kwintetho yozakuzo ngo-Agasti ka-2019, uMongameli waseFransi, uMacron wathi "siphila isiphelo se-Western hegemony" emhlabeni, ngokuyinxenye ngenxa "yeempazamo" zaseNtshona kwiinkulungwane ezidlulileyo.
I-Asiya ngokwembali yayiliziko lamandla obutyebi behlabathi kunye nokuveliswa kwezinto ezintsha ngaphandle kweenkulungwane ze-2.5 ze-Whegemony yaseNtshona ngenxa yobukhosi baselwandle base-Europe kunye nokudluliselwa kwemithombo yobutyebi ephuma kuMzantsi wehlabathi ukuya kwihlabathi le-Euro-Amerika eliye laqhubeka emva kwexesha / lobukoloniyali. uxolo lwasemva kwemfazwe, 'njengophuhliso' kunye noncedo oluya lusiba ngumgibe wamatyala kunye nohlobo 'lobukoloniyali ngezinye iindlela' kuyo nayiphi na indawo ezininzi zaseAfrika, eAsia naseLatin America.
I-China ngoko ilizwe elisaphuhlayo lalandela umkhondo walo, laphumelela ukunyusa isiqingatha sebhiliyoni yabantu kwintlupheko laza laxhamla kumanyano lwehlabathi ukuze libe liGunya lehlabathi jikelele.
Ukusabela ekunyukeni kwe-China kunye nenyathelo layo lokubhanti kunye neendlela, uLwandlekazi lwase-Indiya luye lwamiselwa ngokutsha lwaza lwaphinda lwabizwa ngokuba yi-“Indo-Pacific” phantsi kwenyathelo lase-US elibizwa ngokuba yingqikelelo ye-Free and Open Indo-Pacific (FOIP), ngokuxakayo. , ngaphandle kokukhalaza koqhanqalazo oluvela eIndiya nakwisiseko sayo sobuntlola emkhosini.
Kwakhona, ekuphenduleni inyathelo laseTshayina lendlela yesilika, iNorth Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO), equka amazwe asePacific-rim, iye yandisa umkhosi womkhosi woLwandlekazi lwaseIndiya phantsi kobudlelwane bayo bokhuseleko lwentsebenziswano kunye nabalingane bayo abane baseAsia-Pacific - eOstreliya, eJapan. , New Zealand kunye noMzantsi Korea. IMacron yaseFrance isandula ukutsho ukuba i-NATO ijongene “nengxaki yesazisi” njengoko isiya kuLwandlekazi lwaseIndiya.
I-US kunye ne-NATO zidinga esinye isiseko e-Indian Ocean ukususela kwiNkundla yezoBulungisa yamazwe ngamazwe (ICJ) yagweba kunyaka ophelileyo ngoFebruwari ukuba i-United Kingdom (i-UK) ihlalise i-Chagos Islands ehlala isiseko somkhosi we-Diego Garcia - akukho mthethweni phantsi komthetho wamazwe ngamazwe. kwaye kufuneka ibuyiselwe kubantu baseChagossian abagxothwa ngenkani ukuze bakhe isiseko kwi-1960s. Isazi nge-anthropologist uDavid Vine uye wabiza u-Diego Garcia "iSiqithi sehlazo" kwincwadi yakhe "ngeMbali eyiMfihlo yeSiseko soMkhosi wase-US".
I-Indiya kuphela kwelizwe emhlabeni elabelana ngegama lolwandlekazi, lingqina ngempembelelo yalo yempucuko kunye nendawo enobuchule kwiindlela zorhwebo zehlabathi. I-Indian Sub-Continent isembindini woLwandlekazi lwaseIndiya oluchukumisa iAfrika eNtshona kunye neChina ngasempuma.
I-Asiya, ukusuka e-Iran ukuya e-China ukuya e-Indiya, kuninzi lwembali yoluntu ikhokele ihlabathi kuqoqosho, kwimpucuko nakwi-teknoloji entsha kunye nokukhula. I-Asiya kunye nommandla woLwandlekazi lwase-Indiya ngoku kwakhona liziko lokukhula kwehlabathi, njengoko i-US kunye namaqabane ayo awela i-Atlantiki amagunya aselwandle aye ancipha emva kweminyaka engama-200 yokuphumelela ngokuhla kwamandla ehlabathi kunye nempembelelo ngeli xesha.
Ke ngoko, isilogeni sikaDonald Trump sonyulo lokuba "Yenza iMelika ibe Makhulu kwakhona" ngokukhuthaza ukuthengiswa kwezixhobo zase-US e-Asiya ukonyusa uqoqosho kwelinye icala, kunye nokupheliswa kwehlabathi kwelinye intsholongwane kaCorona iye yamva nje ukuthetha kwivili lokudityaniswa kwehlabathi. oko kwenza ukuba iChina ibe liGunya lehlabathi, elinabantu balo abazibhiliyoni, imbali yakudala kunye nenkokeli kubugcisa kunye nokusungula ngeli xesha.
Umphathiswa Wezangaphandle waseRussia uSergey Lavrov ngexesha lokukhenketha eSri Lanka naseIndiya ngoJanuwari ka-2020, wabonisa ukuba umbono 'wasimahla novulekileyo we-Indo Pacific' ayisiyonto ngaphandle kwesicwangciso esijolise ekuqulatheni iTshayina.
Ngeli xesha, i-Indiya ibisebenza ekufumaneni iziseko ezithe kratya kuLwandlekazi lwaseIndiya kwaye ityikitye izivumelwano zokuloba isiseko kunye neFransi ephanga iindawo zokuloba kuLwandlekazi lwaseIndiya ngelixa i-EU ifuna iipesenti ezingama-90 zeentlanzi ezibanjiswe kuLwandlekazi lwaseIndiya, kwaye ungakhathali ngabalobi abahlwempuzekileyo kuLwandlekazi lwaseIndiya. amazwe aphantsi.
Ukuhlaselwa kweendawo zeNkcubeko: Imfazwe yeHybrid enothando oluvela eMelika
Emva kokubulawa kuka-General Qasem Soleiman wase-Iran ngoJanuwari ka-2020 emva kokuba i-Corona Virus ingafakwanga e-China, uDonald Trump woyikisa ngokuhlasela "iindawo zenkcubeko" e-Iran (iPersi yamandulo enempucuko ephawulekayo ye-cosmopolitan) - ikhaya leZoroastrianism. , kunye nemimandla apho iinkolo zehlabathi ezinkulu zavela khona - ukuba i-Iran iphinde yaphindisela kubasebenzi basemkhosini base-US kuMbindi Mpuma nakuMntla Afrika (MENA).
ESri Lanka, ngoku siqhelene nendlela iprojekthi yaseSaudi exhaswa ngemali yiWahabi-Salafi esebenzisa uthungelwano lwabafana abancinci abangamaSilamsi kuhlaselo lweCawa yePasika kwiiNdawo zeNkcubeko njengeCawa yaseSt Anthony apho abantu bazo zonke iinkolo, amaBhuda, amaHindu kunye namaHindu ngamaxesha athile amaSilamsi ahlanganisana. Kwafa abantu abangaphezu kwama-250 kuquka nabaphambukeli abangama-50 ngaloo mini.
Iicawe kunye neehotele zodidi zahlaselwa eSri Lanka ngeCawa yePasika, ngenjongo yokudodobalisa ilizwe - ngenjongo yokunyanzela urhulumente ukuba asayine iMillennium Challenge Corporation (MCC) yokubamba umhlaba kunye neStatus of Forces Agreement (SOFA).
Emva koko iziseko zomkhosi zase-US ziya kusekwa, kusetyenziswa ibali le-IS njenge-alibi ukubiza ukuba imikhosi yase-US ilwa nobugrogrisi be-Islamic State kunye nokukhusela amaKristu kwi-multi-religious Sri Lanka, enobuninzi beBuddhist kunye nomphetho welizwe.
Ukusukela kwi-Easter Bombings iprojekthi ye-US Millennium Challenge Corporation (MCC) iye yanxulunyaniswa nohlaselo lwabanqolobi ngeCawa ye-Ista olwabangwa ngendlela engaqondakaliyo yi-Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS).
I-ISIS yasekwa yi-CIA emva kokuba i-US ihlasele i-Iraq, yawubhukuqa kwaye yachitha umkhosi wamaSunni kaSaddam Hussein ngeenjongo ezimbini: ukwenza utshintsho lolawulo eSyria ngokubhukuqa uAssad oxhaswa yiRussia kunye nokuhlasela iIran kunye namaShiaa amaSilamsi kunye nokwandisa uqhekeko kuMbindi Mpuma. Amazwe.
I-Iranian General Soleiman wayekhokela umlo ochasene ne-ISIS e-Iraq kunye nommandla we-MENA kwaye i-Sadaam Hussein yayidume kakhulu e-Iran nase-Iraq xa wabulawa kuhlaselo lwe-drone yase-US kufuphi nesikhululo seenqwelomoya sase-Bagdad e-Iraq.
Abantu baseLanka bayazi ukuba kwakungekho sizathu sokuba amaSilamsi ahlasele amaKristu eSri Lanka njengoko zombini ezi ndawo zinobudlelwane obuhle zimbini ezincinci.
Iinkonzo ezixhobisayo: iMfazwe ebandayo Redux
Inyani yokuba iCentral Intelligence Agency (CIA) yaseka kwaye yasebenzisa amaqela amaSilamsi kuMbindi weAsia kwaye yaqhuba umsebenzi kunye neAsia Foundation ukusebenzisa ubuBhuda ngokuchasene neentshukumo zobusoshiyali kunye namakomanisi kumazwe akuMzantsi-mpuma weAsia, njengeThailand neIndonesia, isekwe kakuhle kwaye yatyhilwa. Kwimbali yeYunivesithi yaseYale, incwadi ka-Eugene Ford eyaphula indlela “Iimonki zeMfazwe ebandayo: iBuddhism kunye neSicwangciso seMfihlo saseMelika eMzantsi-mpuma Asia", epapashwe yiYale University Press ngo-2017.
Ukujoliswa kobuchule beendawo zenkcubeko ukwahlula, ukuphazamisa, ukwenza ikoloniyali kunye nokuseka iziseko zomkhosi ngokuxhobisa ubudlelwane phakathi kwenkolo ukudodobalisa amazwe ahlukeneyo kunye neenkcubeko ezahlukeneyo kunye noqoqosho lwase-Asiya, 'ngeHybrid Maritime Warfare' ukuthengisa izixhobo kubonakala kuphawu lowama-2020 " Umgaqo-nkqubo wePivot to Asia” owaqala ukuchazwa ngexesha lolawulo luka-Obama.
Kukho imboni yehlabathi jikelele kunye nentlalo yoluntu yophando lwezenzululwazi malunga nobudlelwane phakathi kwenkolo kunye nobuhlanga kunye neemali zase-US kunye ne-EU, ezininzi ezinonxibelelwano kwiitanki zokucinga zasemkhosini ezifana ne-RAND Corporation, eziqesha i-anthropologists njengoJona Blank owabhala 'i-Mullahs kwi-Mainframe' kunye 'I-Arrow of the Blue isikhumba sikaThixo' ukuncedisa le nkqubo.
Emva kohlaselo lwePasika eSri Lanka, iRand's Blank yabanga eJakarta ukuba i-Islamic State (IS) yayiyi "franchise" eveza imodeli yayo yenkampani - njengeBurger King yeMac Donald's yeearches zegolide?
Njengoko u-2020 eqhubeka, kuya kucaca ngakumbi ukuba iinkolo / iinkolo zixhotyiswa kumazwe ase-Asiya, ummandla woLwandlekazi lwase-Indiya nangaphaya ngamaqela angaphandle angaqondakaliyo kunye nemikhosi yehlabathi edibanisa ibali le-IS njengeCawa yePasika eSri Lanka.
Ngelixa ukuphelisa uzinzo kunye nokudala isiphithiphithi kumazwe aseAsia aneenkcubeko ezininzi kunye neenkolelo ezininzi, ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zeenkolo ngamaqela angaphandle kuya kuphazamisa "Ukunyuka kwe-Asia" okungenakuxelwa kwangaphambili ngabathiyori beenkqubo zehlabathi abafana no-Immanuel Wallenstein, kunye nokunceda "Ukwenza iMelika ibe Nkulu kwakhona", kwakhona ngokuthengisa izixhobo zokunyusa uqoqosho lwase-US, isabelo esikhulu apho yimikhosi yezomkhosi / yoshishino-ingqondo / yokuzonwabisa.
Ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zenkolo ngamaqela angaphandle angaqondakaliyo kubonakala kujolise ekuqhubeleni phambili lo mmandla “Ungquzulwano Lwempucuko” entsha; ngeli xesha phakathi kwamaBhuda namaSilamsi – “iinkonzo ezinkulu zehlabathi” zamazwe aseAsia, naphakathi kwamaHindu namaSilamsi eIndiya apho amaHindu esisininzi.
I-Asiya inembali engaphezulu kweminyaka engama-3,000, ngelixa i-USA inembali kunye nempucuko nje yeminyaka engama-300, emva kokutshatyalaliswa kwabantu bokuqala baseMelika kunye nempucuko yabo "kwihlabathi elitsha". Ngaba kungenxa yoko le nto uDonald Trump enomona kangaka nge-Asiya, kwaye wade woyikisa ngokuhlasela iindawo zenkcubeko zamandulo zase-Iran-ulwaphulo-mthetho lwemfazwe phantsi komthetho wamazwe ngamazwe?
Ngokuqinisekileyo, isoyikiso sikaTrump ngokuchasene ne-Iran "iindawo zenkcubeko" zenza kwacaca ukuba yintoni esele iqhelekile kwi-CIA playbook malunga nokuxhobisa inkolo kunye nokutshabalalisa imibutho yeenkolo ezininzi, ukwahlula nokulawula, ngokuhlasela iindawo zenkcubeko, njengeCawa yaseSt Anthony, i-Mutwal, ngeCawa yePasika eSri Lanka.
Ngexesha lomsebenzi weenkonzo ezininzi eSri Lanka ngo-2018, xa sisenza udliwano-ndlebe namalungu eMosque kufutshane naseKattankuddi saxelelwa ukuba imali kunye nokhuphiswano oluvela eSaudi Arabia naseIran sesinye sezizathu zokongamela okukhulu phakathi kwabahlali abangamaSilamsi baseSri Lanka kunye nabasetyhini abaya benxiba. i-hijab.
I-Embassy yaseTurkey yayilumkise i-Sri Lanka ye-Foreign Ministry ukuba inolwazi olucebisa ukuba amalungu angama-50 e-Fethullahist Terrorist Organization (FETO) inkokeli yayo, u-Fetullah Gulan isekelwe e-US (kwaye ithathwa yi-Middle East intel. Iingcali njenge-CIA exhaswa ngu-Imam), babeseSri Lanka. UMphathiswa Wezangaphandle Welizwe ngelo xesha, u-Wasantha Senanayake, uxelele amajelo eendaba ukuba i-ambassador yaseTurkey ilandele esi silumkiso izihlandlo ezibini ngo-2017 nango-2018 kwaye wathumela ngefeksi iinkcukacha ezifanelekileyo kuMphathiswa wezoKhuselo izihlandlo ezibini.
Njengoko i-2020 iqhubela phambili, i-contours kaDonald Trump okanye mhlawumbi i-US Deep State yeshishini lomkhosi we-US "Pivot to Asia" kunye nommandla we-Indian Ocean "Yenza iMelika ibe Makhulu kwakhona" iya icaca ngakumbi:
- Ukubulala uNjengele Soleiman wase-Iran (owayekhokela umlo ochasene ne-Islamic State kunye ne-ISIL), e-Iraq ngoJanuwari; kunye neCoronavirus entsha ebetha i-Iran ngoFebruwari (kumazwe asanda kuchaphazeleka e-MENA kufutshane ne-Iran, bona aje.io/tmuur).
- Imfazwe yezoqoqosho kunye ne-hybrid, kubandakanya imfazwe yebhayoloji ekrokrelekayo ngokuchasene neTshayina.
- Ukwenza izixhobo zamaHindu namaSilamsi eIndiya, emva komsebenzi wePulwama wokuphinda ukhethe uModi, kunye nokuthengisa izixhobo eIndiya.
- Zonke iintlobo zenkunkuma engaqhelekanga evela eBritani kunye nemililo yehlathi etshayo emva koko iinqwelo-ntaka zase-US ezinee-emele zazo ezintle ze-bambi zithunyelwe ukuba zicime amadangatye, kunye neziyobisi ezidadayo kuLwandlekazi lwaseIndiya kude nonxweme “kwiMfazwe yeOpium” entsha eSri Lanka naseMzantsi Asia?
- ESomalia, uhlaselo lwe-Al-Shabaab olunxulunyaniswa ne-IS eMogadishu, kunxweme loLwandlekazi lwaseIndiya lwase-Afrika, ngoJanuwari 2020, lwenza ukuba i-US izise imikhosi. Ngeli xesha, ubuntlola baseSomaliya bathi, bekukho izandla zangaphandle ezibandakanyekayo kuhlaselo lwaseMogadishu.
Okokugqibela, ngaphandle kwengxelo kaNarendra Modi "ngobambiswano lwenkulungwane" phakathi kwe-US kunye neIndiya ngexesha lotyelelo lukaTrump oluya eIndiya, kuyacaca ukuba iIndiya kunye nokusekwa kwayo kokhuseleko kudlalwa ngabaphathi bayo bangaphambili bekoloniyali abahlobo babo baseTrans-Atlantic. eyathi ke ngoku ilandele xa kukho imfuneko yokwahlula-hlula-nomthetho 'umdlalo omkhulu' wommandla we-Indian Ocean; Okuphoxayo kukuba, kanye njengokuba i-Indiya yadlala ummelwane wayo 'ukwahlula kunye nokulawula' eMzantsi Asia ngexesha leminyaka yeMfazwe ebandayo- xa i-RAW kunye ne-IB (i-Intelligence Bureau) yaseka i-LTTE eSri Lanka, ngelixa i-US yaxhobisa i-Islam kunye ne-Buddhism ngokuchasene ne-postcolonial socialist. kunye neenzame zemibutho yamakomanisi ukwenza ubutyebi besizwe bukazwelonke eNtshona nakuMzantsi-mpuma Asia.
Kukwacacile ukuba i-blowback evela kunye ne-Donald Trump's bellicose pivot ukuya e-Asiya, ngokungafaniyo ne-Ballyhoo ye-pivot yasempuma ka-Obama, ayinakuphepheka. Iya kukhawulezisa ukuhla kunye nokuwa kobukumkani baseMelika nangona iziseko zayo zomkhosi ezingama-800 kwihlabathi liphela, kwaye yandise ukungalingani kwilizwe esele lahlulelene ngokunzulu ngeli xesha ngaphandle kokuba abantu baseMelika bayakwazi ukugxotha abahlali bangoku be-White House kwaye babuyisele umva ilizwe. I-Deep State kunye ne-complex yayo yomkhosi-shishini.
* UGqr Darini Rajasingham-SenanayakeUphando lubandakanya imiba yesini kunye nokuxhotyiswa kwabasetyhini, ukufuduka kunye neenkcubeko ezininzi, i-ethno-religious identity ezopolitiko, i-Diasporas entsha nendala kunye nenkolo yehlabathi, ngakumbi, uthungelwano lwe-Transnational Theravada Buddhist kummandla we-Asia-Pacific. WayenguMhlohli oMkhulu kwiYunivesithi evulekileyo yaseSri Lanka. Isidanga sakhe sokuQala sisuka kwiYunivesithi yaseBrandeis kwaye i-MA kunye nePh. D zisuka kwiYunivesithi yasePrinceton. [IDN-InDepthNews – 03 April 2020]
Ifoto: Utyelelo lukaMongameli uTrump eIndiya ekupheleni kukaFebruwari ka-2020 lweza kanye unyaka emva kokuba iingxwabangxwaba zamaHindu namaSilamsi eIndiya zathi zachukunyiswa ngamaqela angaphandle angaqondakaliyo kunye nemfazwe ekufuphi phakathi kweentshaba ezixhobileyo zenyukliya, iIndiya nePakistan, eyabanjelwa kwiSithili sasePulwama, eJammu nase. Kashmir ngoFebruwari 2019, ngaphambi nje koNyulo Jikelele eIndiya. Umthombo: YouTube.
IDN yi-arhente ephambili ye Umanyano lwaMazwe ngaMazwe lweeNdaba.
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Zikhathalele. Hlala ukhuselekile ngexesha leCorona.
[1] Cf. Imibuzo eli-12 kaPrashant Bhushan ngePulwama: greatgameindia.com/12-unanswered-questions-on-pulwama-attack/)
[2[ UNilantha Illangamuwa Isis akazange akhethe iSri Lanka, kodwa amaQela aseSri Lankan akhethe i-ISIS: RAND http://nilangamuwa.blogspot.com/2019/08/isis-didnt-choose-sri-lanka-but-sri.html
