UTrump wayechanekile: I-NATO ifanele iphelelwe

NguMedea uBenjamin, uDisemba 2, 2019

Amagama amathathu anobulumko awathi nguDonald Trump Kuthunyelwe Ngexesha lomkhankaso wakhe wokuba ngumongameli "I-NATO iphelile." Ummeli wakhe, uHillary Clinton, ibuyisiwe ukuba i-NATO "yeyona mfazwe yomeleleyo yomkhosi kwimbali yehlabathi." Ngoku ukuba uTrump sele esemandleni, i-White House iiparots ilayini efanayo yokunxiba iNATO "yeyona Alliance inempumelelo kwimbali, iqinisekisa ukhuseleko, impumelelo, kunye nenkululeko yamalungu ayo." Kodwa uTrump wayechanile okokuqala: Endaweni yokuba ngumanyano olomeleleyo onenjongo ecacileyo, le 70 Umbutho-ubudala obudibana eLondon ngoDisemba 4 ngumkhosi obambekayo osusela kwiintsuku zomlo obandayo obekufanele ukuba uthathe umhlala phantsi kwiminyaka emininzi eyadlulayo.

I-NATO yaqalwa yasungulwa yi-United States kunye ne-11 ezinye izizwe zaseNtshona njengezame zokuphelisa ukunyuka kobukomanisi kwi1949. Kwiminyaka emithandathu kamva, amazwe obuKomanisi aseka iWarsaw Pact kwaye ngala maziko mabini ehlabathi, umhlaba wonke waba yindawo yemfazwe ebandayo. Xa i-USSR yawa kwi-1991, i-Warsaw Pact yasasazeka kodwa i-NATO yanda, ikhula ukusuka kumalungu ayo e-12 akuqala ukuya kumazwe angamalungu e-29. I-North Macedonia, ebekelwe ukujoyina kunyaka olandelayo, iya kuzisa inani kwi-30. I-NATO ikhule kakuhle nangaphaya kweNorth Atlantic, kongeza ubambiswano neColombia kwi2017. UDonald Trump kutshanje cetyiswa ukuba iBrazil ngenye imini ingaba lilungu elipheleleyo.

Ukunyuka kwe-NATO emva kweMfazwe eyandayo ukuya kwimida yeRussia, ngaphandle kokuthembisa kwangaphambili ukuba ingahambeli empumalanga, kukhokelele kubangezwano phakathi kwamandla aseNtshona neRussia, kubandakanya iminxeba emininzi esondeleyo phakathi kwemikhosi yasemkhosini. Inegalelo kumdyarho weengalo ezintsha, kubandakanya ukuphuculwa kwembasa yenyukliya, kunye enkulu I-NATO "imidlalo yemfazwe" ukusukela kwiMfazwe ebandayo.

Ngelixa ibango “ligcina uxolo,” i-NATO inembali yokuqhushumisa abantu ngezomkhosi kunye nokwenza amatyala emfazwe. Kwi-1999, i-NATO ibandakanyeka kwimikhosi yasemkhosini ngaphandle kwemvume ye-Yugoslavia. I-airstrikes yayo engekho mthethweni ngexesha leMfazwe yaseKosovo ishiye amakhulukhulu abantu abhubhileyo. Kude kude ne "North Atlantic," i-NATO yajoyina i-United States ekuhlaseleni i-Afghanistan e-2001, apho isaphulwe khona amashumi amabini eminyaka kamva. Kwi-2011, i-NATO yanyanzela ukuba ihlasele iLibya ngokungekho mthethweni, ukudala imeko engaphumeleliyo ebangele ukuba uninzi lwabantu lubaleke. Endaweni yokuthatha uxanduva kwezi mbacu, amazwe e-NATO abuyisile abafudukayo kuLwandle lweMeditera, eshiya amawaka afa.

ELondon, i-NATO ifuna ukubonisa ukuba ilungele ukulwa iimfazwe ezintsha. Izakubonisa ukulungela kwayo-ukubanakho ukuhambisa imikhosi engama-30 ngomhlaba, iinqwelomoya ezingama-30 kunye neenqanawa zomkhosi wamanzi ezingama-30 ngeentsuku nje ezingama-30, nokujongana nosongelo lwexesha elizayo oluvela e-China nase-Russia, kubandakanya nemijukujelwa ye-hypersonic kunye ne-cyberwarfare. Kodwa kude nokucekiseka, kuthetha ukuba umatshini wemfazwe, i-NATO eneneni igcwele iyantlukwano kunye nokuphikisana. Nazi ezinye zazo:

• Umongameli wase-France u-Emmanuel Macron ukuthandabuza ukuzibophelela kwe-US ukulwela iYurophu, ubize i-NATO "ukuba ubulewe ngengqondo" kwaye ucebise ngomkhosi wase-Europe phantsi kwesambrela sase-France.
• I-Turkey ivutha ngumsindo amalungu e-NATO ngokuzibandakanya kwayo eSyria ukuba ahlasele amaKurds, awayengamadlelane aseNtshona kumlo wokulwa ne-ISIS. Kwaye iTurkey isoyikise i-veto kwisicwangciso sokuzikhusela se-Baltic de abaxhasi baxhase impikiswano yayo eSyria. I-Turkey iphinde yacaphukisa amalungu e-NATO, ngakumbi uTrump, ngokuthenga inkqubo ye-S-400 ye-Russia.
• UTrump ufuna i-NATO inyanzelise umva ngokuchasene nefuthe elikhulayo lase China, kubandakanya nokusetyenziswa kweenkampani zase China kulwakhiwo lwenethiwekhi ze5G- into amazwe amaninzi e-NATO engafuni kuyenza.
• Ngaba ngokwenene iRussia lutshaba lweNATO? IMacron yaseFrance ifikelele kwelaseRussia, imema uPutin ukuba axoxe ngeendlela apho i-European Union ingalubeka luhlaselo lolwaphulo-mthetho emva kwayo. UDonald Trump uhlasele esidlangalaleni iJamani ngaphezulu kwayo Iprojekthi yeNord Stream 2 ukuntywila ngombhobho kwirhasi yaseRussia, kodwa umngcelele wakutsha nje waseJamani wabona iipesenti ze66 zifuna ubudlelwane neRussia.
• I-UK ineengxaki ezinkulu. I-Britane ibanjelwe phantsi kwempixano yeBrexit kwaye ibambe unyulo lukazwelonke olungenantlonelo ngoDisemba 12. Inkulumbuso yaseBritane u-Boris Johnson, esazi ukuba uTrump akathandwa ngabantu, uyathandabuza ukubonwa esondele kuye. Kwakhona, umntu ophikisana noJohnson, uJeremy Corbyn, ungumxhasi onqabileyo weNATO. Ngelixa i-Labour Party yakhe izibophelele kwi-NATO, ngaphezulu komsebenzi wakhe wegorha elichasene nemfazwe, uCorbyn unayo ebizwa I-NATO "ingozi yoxolo lwehlabathi kunye nengozi kukhuseleko lwehlabathi." Okokugqibela iBritane ibambe iinkokheli ze-NATO e2014, eCorbyn xelelwe umhlangano olwa ne-NATO wokuba ukuphela kweMfazwe ebandayo "bekufanele ibe lixesha lokuba i-NATO ivale ivenkile, inikezele, igoduke ihambe."
• Olunye uxinzelelo yiScotland, elikhaya lesiseko sangaphantsi komhlaba se-Trident yenyukliya engathandekiyo njengenxalenye yokuthintela inyukliya kwe-NATO. Urhulumente omtsha wabasebenzi uza kufuna inkxaso ye-National Party yeScotland. Kodwa inkokeli yayo, uNikola Sturgeon, unyanzelisa ukuba umbandela wokuxhaswa kweqela lakhe kukuzinikela kwakhe ukuvala isiseko.
• AbaseYurophu abanakumelana noTrump (uvoto lwakutshanje lufumanekile Ethembekileyo ngepesenti ze-4 kuphela zabantu baseYurophu!) kwaye iinkokeli zabo azinakuthembela kuye. Iinkokeli ezihlangeneyo zifunde ngezigqibo zikamongameli ezichaphazela iimfuno zabo nge-Twitter. Ukunqongophala kokunxibelelana kwacaca ngo-Okthobha, xa uTrump engazange ahoye amakholwa e-NATO xa wayalela imikhosi yase-US ekhethekileyo kumantla eSyria, apho babesebenza khona kunye ne-Commandos yaseFransi ne-Bhritane ngokuchasene nemikhosi yamaSilamsi.
• Ukungathembeki kwe-US kukhokelele iKhomishini yase-Europe ukuba iye kwenza izicwangciso ze "mbutho wokhuselo" waseYurophu oza kulungelelanisa inkcitho yemali kunye nokuthenga Inyathelo elilandelayo linokuba kukulungelelanisa izenzo zomkhosi ezahlukileyo kwi-NATO. I-Pentagon ikhalaze malunga namazwe e-EU athenga izixhobo zomkhosi komnye nomnye endaweni yase-United States, kwaye ubize le mibutho yezokhuselo "yitshintsho olukhulu kule minyaka ingamashumi amathathu idlulileyo yokwandiswa kwecandelo lezokhuselo."
• Ngaba abantu baseMelika bafuna ukuya emfazweni e-Estonia? Inqaku lesi-5 lesi siVumelwano lithi uhlaselo lwelungu elinye “liza kuthathelwa ingqalelo njengokuhlaselwa kwabo bonke,” nto leyo ethetha ukuba umnqophiso unyanzelisa i-US ukuba iye emfazweni egameni lamazwe angama-28 – into ekungenzeka ukuba iphikiswe ngabantu baseMelika abatyhafileyo ufuna umgaqo-nkqubo wezangaphandle ongaqukiyo ojonga uxolo, ubuchule, kunye nokuzibandakanya kwezoqoqosho endaweni yomkhosi.

Elinye ithambo elikhulu lengxabano kukuba ngubani oza kuhlawula i-NATO. Okokugqibela xa iinkokheli ze-NATO zadibana, uMongameli uTrump wayiphazamisa i-ajenda ngokudibanisa amazwe e-NATO ngokungabhatali isabelo sabo esifanelekileyo kwaye kwintlanganiso yaseLondon, uTrump kulindeleke ukuba abhengeze ukusilela okungumfuziselo kwe-US kuhlahlo-lwabiwo mali lwe-NATO.

Inkxalabo ephambili kaTrump kukuba amazwe angamalungu afike kwinqanaba lokujolisa le-NATO lokuchitha iipesenti ze-2 zeemveliso zabo zasekhaya ngokuzikhusela nge-2024, injongo engathandekiyo kubantu baseYurophu, ukhetha ukuba irhafu yabo yokuhamba iye kwizinto ezingezizo ezamabutho. Nangona kunjalo, NATO Nobhala-Jikelele UJens Stoltenberg Uya kuqhayisa ngokuba iYurophu neCanada zongeze i-100 yezigidigidi kuhlahlo-lwabiwo mali lomkhosi ukusukela ngo-2016- into eza kwenziwa nguDonald Trump- kunye nokuba amagosa amaninzi e-NATO adibana neepesenti ezi-2, nangona ingxelo ye-2019 yeNATO ibonisa kuphela amalungu asixhenxe enze njalo. : i-US, iGrisi, i-Estonia, i-UK, iRomania, iPoland neLatvia.

Kwiminyaka apho abantu kwihlabathi jikelele bafuna ukunqanda imfazwe kwaye bagxile endaweni yeziphithiphithi zemozulu ezisongela ubomi bexesha elizayo emhlabeni, i-NATO yi-anachronism. Ngoku ibiza malunga nekota ezintathu zokuchitha kwemali yomkhosi kunye nezixhobo ezisebenza kwihlabathi jikelele. Endaweni yokuthintela imfazwe, ikhuthaza ubuzwilakhe, ikonyusa ingxwabangxwaba kunye nokwenza ukuba imfazwe ibekho. Le relic Cold War ayifanele iphinde yenziwe ukuze kugcinwe ulawulo lwe-US eYurophu, okanye bahlanganisane neRussia okanye iChina, okanye baqalise iimfazwe ezintsha endaweni. Ayifanele ikhuliswe, kodwa ihluthwe. Iminyaka engamashumi asixhenxe yokulwa umkhosi ungaphezulu.

UMedea uBenjamin ungumcebisi CODEPINK yoxolo, kunye nombhali weencwadi ezininzi, kubandakanya Ngaphakathi kwe-Iran: Imbali Yembali kunye nezopolitiko zeRiphabhliki yase-Iran.