Izityholo zeNtuthumbo nxamnye ne-US zithathelwa ingqalelo yiNkundla yoLwaphulo-mthetho yamazwe ngamazwe

NguJohn LaForge

Imikhosi exhobileyo yase-US kunye ne-CIA inokuba yenze ulwaphulo-mthetho lwemfazwe ngokuthuthumbisa amabanjwa e-Afghanistan nakwezinye iindawo, umtshutshisi oyintloko weNkundla yoLwaphulo-mthetho yamazwe ngamazwe uthi kwingxelo yakutshanje, ephakamisa ukuba kungenzeka ukuba abemi base-US babekwe ityala.

"Amalungu emikhosi exhobileyo yase-US abonakala ebeke abantu abavalelweyo be-61 ukuba bathuthunjiswe, baphathwe ngenkohlakalo, bacaphuke ngesidima somntu kwintsimi yase-Afghanistan phakathi kwe-1 Meyi 2003 kunye ne-31 kaDisemba 2014," ngokutsho NgoNovemba 14 ingxelo ye-ICC ikhutshwe yiofisi yoMtshutshisi oyiNtloko uFatou Bensouda eHague.

Ingxelo ithi i-CIA i-operatives inokuthi ibeke ubuncinane amabanjwa angama-27 kwiintolongo zayo ezifihlakeleyo e-Afghanistan, ePoland, eRomania naseLithuania - "ukuhlushwa, ukuphathwa kakubi, ukucaphuka kwisidima somntu" kuquka ukudlwengulwa, phakathi kukaDisemba 2002 kunye noMatshi 2008. Abantu babanjwe. Imikhosi yase-US e-Afghanistan yatshintshelwa kwiintolongo ze-CIA eziyimfihlo, ngamanye amaxesha zibizwa ngokuba "ziindawo ezimnyama" apho amabanjwa ayebotshelelwa kwiisilingi, "ebotshelelwa kwiindonga kwaye alibale [enye yeentsuku ze-17] engumkhenkce ukuya ekufeni kwimigangatho yekhonkrithi, kwaye ayefakwe emanzini. bade baphelelwa zingqondo” ngokweNgxelo yeKomiti yeNgqondo yeSenate yowama-2014 kwinkqubo yentuthumbo.

NgoDisemba 9, 2005, isekela-sithethi seSebe likaRhulumente UAdam Ereli uthe I-United States iya kuqhubeka ukukhanyela ukufikelela kwi-Red Cross kumabanjwa eyayiwabambe ngokufihlakeleyo kwihlabathi jikelele, ibanga ukuba yayingabanqolobi ababengaqinisekiswanga nawaphi na amalungelo phantsi kweeNgqungquthela zaseGeneva. Umbutho woMnqamlezo oBomvu wakhalaza ngelithi injongo yawo engundoqo kukukhusela amalungelo oluntu amabanjwa, onke afanele ukukhuselwa phantsi komthetho wamazwe ngamazwe wobuntu—imithetho ebophelelayo yezivumelwano equka isithintelo esipheleleyo nesicacileyo sokungcungcuthekiswa.

Amazwe angaphezu kwe-120 angamalungu e-ICC, kodwa i-US ayikho. Nangona i-US yalile ukujoyina i-2002 Rome Statute eyadala i-ICC kwaye yaseka igunya layo, abasebenzi basemkhosini base-US kunye nee-arhente ze-CIA basenokujongana nokutshutshiswa kuba amatyala abo atyholwa ukuba enziwe ngaphakathi e-Afghanistan, ePoland, eRomania naseLithuania - onke amalungu e-ICC.

Ulawulo lwe-ICC lunokusetyenziswa xa izityholo zolwaphulo-mthetho lwemfazwe zingaphandwa kwaye zitshutshiswe ngoorhulumente basekhaya babatyholwa. I-Guardian yanikela ingxelo yokuba "i-ICC yinkundla yokugqibela ethatha amatyala kuphela xa amanye amazwe engakwazi okanye engakulungelanga ukutshutshisa." Ebhala kwimagazini yeForeign Policy ka-Okthobha ophelileyo, uDavid Bosco uthe, “Iofisi yomtshutshisi iye yaphinda yatsalela ingqalelo kwizityholo zokuphathwa gadalala kwamabanjwa ngabasebenzi base-US phakathi kuka-2003 no-2005 ekholelwa ukuba ayikhange ilungiswe ngokwaneleyo yi-United States.”

“Wenze inkohlakalo ethile”

Ingxelo kaBensouda ithi ngezityholo zolwaphulo-mthetho lwasemfazweni lwaseUnited States, “zazingengokuphathwa kakubi kwabantu abambalwa abakwanti. Endaweni yoko, babonakala bezibophelele njengenxalenye yeendlela ezivunyiweyo zokugocagoca kwiinzame zokufumana 'ubukrelekrele obusebenzayo' kumabanjwa. Ulwazi olukhoyo lubonisa ukuba amaxhoba ayenziwe ngabom kubundlobongela ngokwasemzimbeni nangokwengqondo, kwaye ulwaphulo-mthetho kutyholwa ukuba lwenziwa ngenkohlakalo ethile nangendlela ethoba isidima somntu esisisiseko samaxhoba, ” Ingxelo ye-ICC ithi.

I-Reuters iqaphele ukuba ikomiti ye-Senate ikhuphe amaphepha angama-500 esicatshulwa kwingxelo yayo kwaye yafumanisa ukuba ukuhlushwa kwenziwa. Iifoto ezisemthethweni zokuphathwa gadalala ngokucacileyo zityhola kakhulu kangangokuba umkhosi, kutsha nje nge-9 kaFebruwari^th kulo nyaka, wala ukukhulula 1,800 imifanekiso ukuba uluntu aluzange lubone.

Ulawulo lukaGeorge W. Bush, oluthe intuthumbo egunyazisiweyo nephunyeziweyo e-Iraq, e-Afghanistan kunye nekoloni yezohlwayo elwandle e-Guantanamo Bay, yayichasene ngokukrakra ne-ICC, kodwa i-Afghanistan, i-Lithuania, i-Poland kunye ne-Romania zonke zingamalungu, nto leyo inika igunya lenkundla kulwaphulo-mthetho olwenziwa phakathi kwaloo mimandla. Oku kunokukhokelela ekutshutshisweni yabemi base-US.

Bobabini uMongameli Bush kunye noSekela Mongameli uDick Cheney banayo waqhayisa esidlangalaleni malunga ne-waterboarding eyayivunyiwe, "isemthethweni," kwaye yenziwa ngokubanzi phantsi kwegunya labo. Ebuzwa kudliwano-ndlebe lukamabonakude malunga nento ayibiza ngokuba “yindlela yokuncina eyongeziweyo,” uMnu. Cheney wathi, “Ndiza kuyenza kwakhona ngokubetha kwentliziyo.”

Ngexesha lengxoxo-mpikiswano yaseRiphabhlikhi yaseRiphabhlikhi uDonald Trump wathi, "Ndiza kubuya ne-waterboarding kwaye ndiza kubuya nesihogo esibi kakhulu kunokubhobhoza emanzini," ingxelo ayiphindaphinda amaxesha amaninzi. UGen. Michael Hayden, owayesakuba ngumalathisi weCIA yomibini i-NSA, waphendula kudliwano-ndlebe lukamabonwakude: “Ukuba [uTrump] ebenokuyalela ukuba, xa sele eseburhulumenteni, imikhosi exhobileyo yaseMelika iyala ukwenza oko. Uyacelwa ukuba ungalandeli umyalelo ongekho mthethweni. Oko kuya kuba kukwaphula yonke imithetho yezizwe ngezizwe yongquzulwano ngezixhobo.” Umongameli-onyuliweyo uTrump uphinde wacela ukubulawa okujoliswe kuko kwamalungu osapho arhanelwa ukuba ngabanqolobi. Zombini ezi zenzo zithintelwe ziincwadana zenkonzo yasemkhosini yase-US kunye nomthetho wesivumelwano samazwe ngamazwe, ulwaphulo-mthetho ekugqibeleni lutshutshiswa yi-ICC.

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UJohn LaForge, odibeneyo PeaceVoice, ngu-Co-director of Nukewatch, uxolo kunye neqela lobulungisa bezemvelo eWisconsin, kwaye ungumhleli-mhleli kunye no-Arianne Peterson weNyukliya Heartland, ehlaziyiweyo: Isikhokelo se-450 i-Missiles ase-United States.