Top Gun Maverick-Ibali-Counter

 Ndibone "Umpu oPhezulu: Maverick" izolo. Kwakusoyikeka ngokupheleleyo. Ifilimu ibeka umgangatho omtsha we-state-orchestrated, pro-military, indoctrination mass. UGoebbels, umbhexeshi oyintloko weqela likaHitler lamaNazi, wayeya kukhwankqiswa yinqwelomoya yokufa ecwebezelayo kunye nespotlights kunye nomboniso bhanyabhanya kwi-tuxedo yakhe.

Iinkwenkwezi zikaTom Cruise njengoKapteni uPete Mitchell kwiTop Gun: Maverick. Ngo-1990, uCruise wavakalisa amathandabuzo malunga nefilimu yokuqala xa wathi, “Abanye abantu bavakalelwa kukuba i'Top Gun' (1986) yayiyifilimu yasekunene yokukhuthaza uMkhosi waseLwandle. Kwaye abaninzi abantwana bayayithanda. Kodwa ndifuna ukuba abantwana bazi ukuba akunjalo imfazwe. Yingakho andizange ndiqhube kwaye ndenze 'i-Top Gun II' kunye ne 'III' kunye ne 'IV' kunye 'V.' Oko bekuya kuba kukungakhathali.” - indiewire

Oko kwenzeka kwiminyaka engama-32 eyadlulayo. Amadoda atshintsha iingqondo zawo ngezinto.

UTony Scott, umlawuli webhanyabhanya iTop Gun yokuqala ngo-1986 naye wayitshintsha ingqondo yakhe ngezinto. Ngelishwa, uScott wathatha ubomi bakhe ngeCawa, ngo-Agasti 19, 2012 eneminyaka eyi-68 xa wawela ekufeni kwakhe eVincent Thomas Bridge eSan Pedro, eCalifornia. Kwiintsuku ezimbini ngaphambili, uScott noCruise babekunye ukuze baphande ngokulandelelana kwabo okucetyiweyo koMpu weParamount. UScott kunye noCruise bebeseNevada bekhenketha iFallon Naval Air Station njengenxalenye yophando lwabo lwemuvi. Fallon likhaya kwi yenene Isikolo seNaval Fighter Weapons, esidume ngokuba yiTop Gun.

UTony Scott wayengumlawuli okrelekrele kwaye wayethandwa ngabaninzi. Yena amanqaku asekhohlo emotweni yakhe kunye neofisi yakhe yaseLos Angeles. Omnye wachaza isizathu sokuba azibulale, kodwa eli nqaku alizange libhengezwe esidlangalaleni, likhokelela abantu ukuba bazibuze ukuba ucinga ntoni. Mhlawumbi wayecinga njengoYudas Skariyoti owaphosa amaqhosha esilivere angama-30 etempileni ngaphambi kokuba azixhome. “Ndonile,” watsho uYudas, “kuba ndingcatshe igazi elingenatyala.”

Phambi kokukhululwa kweTop Gun, iHollywood ibonakalise igagasi lokuchasana nomkhosi elalikho elizweni emva kweMfazwe yaseVietnam yabhenca ubugebenga bemfazwe yaseMelika kunye namabhongo obukumkani. Iifilimu ezifana neDeer Hunter kunye neApocalypse Ngoku zondla uluntu ukuba luzothe emkhosini. Oko kwatshintsha ngokukhululwa kweTop Gun ngo-1986. Ifilimu yoyisa i-ofisi yebhokisi, kunye neentliziyo kunye neengqondo zabaninzi baseMelika, ngakumbi abo baneminyaka yobudala. Emva kokukhululwa kwayo, izihlwele zolutsha zafola ukuza kubhalisa ngethemba lokuba ngabaqhubi beenqwelomoya.

Jonga iSahluko seSithandathu, "IHollywood yenza isifungo sokuthobela iDola" kwincwadi yam, Ukuqashwa kwezempi eMelika

UMlawuli u-Oliver Stone uthe i-Top Gun yasekuqaleni "yayiyifilimu yokuzonwabisa. Yathengisa ingcamango yokuba imfazwe icocekile, imfazwe inokoyiswa. Akukho mntu kwimuvi owake wakhankanya ukuba usandula ukuqala iMfazwe Yehlabathi Yesithathu!

UVal Kilmer, owayedlala umlingiswa kaTom Kazansky, aka Iceman, kuzo zombini iifilimu, wavuma ukuba wayengafuni ukubonakala kwifilimu, ekugqibeleni wavuma kwi-documentary "Val" ukuba. ayizange ivume ukuzukiswa kwayo emkhosini.

Abadlali abaliqela kunye neemvumi abavumanga ukubonakala kwiTop Gun kuba bekholelwa ukuba lo mboniso bhanyabhanya uzukisa imfazwe. Phakathi kwabo bangavumelaniyo nezopolitiko: uMateyu Modine, uLinda Fiorentino, uBryan Adams noBruce Springsteen, abazalelwa e-USA.

Ngubani vunyelwe Awusayi Kuphinda Ukhohliswe iza kuqhunyiswa kwiithiyetha kwihlabathi liphela ngelixa iqela lababulali bakaCruise bezilolonga iMach-whatever acrobatics.

Oko kukufaneleyo, uPhononongo lweSizwe lupapashe uluhlu lweengoma zerock ezingama-50 ezinkulu. Phezulu kolu luhlu nguThe Who's "Akasayi Kuphinda Akhohliswe," ingoma emalunga "nabavukeli abaphoxekileyo" abaye bayishiya ingcamango yabo yobudenge.

UPete Townshend wabhala ingoma malunga nenguquko. Kwindinyana yokuqala, kukho imvukelo. Embindini, bayababhukuqa abo basemagunyeni, kodwa ekugqibeleni, ulawulo olutsha lufana noludala. ("Dibana nomphathi omtsha, ngokufanayo nomphathi omdala"). Townshend uvukelo lwalungenanjongo ngokuba lowo uthabathayo umiselwe ukonakala. Wazi ntoni?

Umkhosi wamanzi ngokuqinisekileyo uyithandile!

Ngokwenyani, kukho isitanza soMkhosi woMkhosi ohlelwe ngaphandle kwenguqulelo kwimuvi:

Utshintsho, kwafuneka lufike
Sasiyazi yonke loo nto
Sakhululwa emhlambini, kuphelele apho
Kwaye ihlabathi likhangeleka ngokufanayo
Kwaye imbali ayitshintshwanga
Kuba iibhanile, zonke zabhabha kwimfazwe yokugqibela

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Uyayiqonda. Umkhosi wamanzi ngokucacileyo awuzange uyithande.

Umkhosi wamanzi ufuna ukuba simke kwiingcebiso zikaJefferson kwiSibhengezo seNkululeko. Wabhala izivakalisi ezinde kakhulu:

“Oorhulumente bamiselwa phakathi kwabantu, befumana amandla abo okusesikweni kwimvume yabalawuli, Ukuba nanini na nayiphi na iNkqubo yoRhulumente iba yonakalisa ezi ziphelo, liLungelo laBantu ukuyiguqula okanye ukuyibhangisa, nokuseka uRhulumente omtsha; ibeka isiseko sayo kwimigaqo enjalo nasekulungelelaniseni amandla ayo ngohlobo olunjalo, njengoko kubo kuya kubonakala ngathi kuya kuphumela kuKhuseleko Nolonwabo lwabo.”

Noko ke, abaninzi bayasilela ukoyisa ubuxoki babo.

Ngaphandle kokulwa iimfazwe zangoku kunye nokucwangcisa ezintsha, iPentagon ichitha ixesha elininzi kunye namandla okubukela ifilimu. Ulutsha oluneminyaka yobudala luxhomekeke ngakumbi kwiTik Tok, i-Instagram, iimuvi, umabonwakude, iYouTube kunye neminye imithombo yevidiyo ukwazisa kunye nokubumba umbono wabo wehlabathi. Iingqondo zabo zithambile.

Abantwana bayazithoba.

Russ Coons uyayiqonda le nto. UnguMlawuli we-Navy Office of Information West ehlala kwi-10880 Wilshire Boulevard, e-LA.

Umsebenzi weofisi “kukubonelela ngesikhokelo kunye nobuchule kuwo onke amanqanaba enkqubo yokuyila, ukusuka kwingqikelelo ukuya kwimveliso yasemva, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuboniswa okuyinyani, okuchanekileyo kwempahla yeNavy, imigaqo-nkqubo kunye nabantu kwinkcubeko eyaziwayo.

Ndiyifumene.

I-DOD ichukumisekile ngezi zinto. Emuva ngo-1993, iParamount yafaka isicelo kwiPentagon yoncedo lokufota iForrest Gump, eyona klasi ibalaseleyo yaseMelika. Babefuna ukusebenzisa iihelikopta zaseChinook kunye nezinye izixhobo zasemkhosini zexesha laseVietnam. Umkhosi wawunendawo malunga nefilimu kwaye ufuna utshintsho oluninzi kwiskripthi. Ubhedu aluzange luthande umboniso xa uGump egoba, ehlisa ibhulukhwe yakhe, kwaye ubonisa uMongameli uJohnson inxeba ekupheleni kwakhe ngasemva. Abazange bathande indlela uGump abhekisela ngayo kwigosa lakhe eliphetheyo, uLt. Dan Taylor, ngokwenqanaba kunye negama lakhe lokuqala. Kwakhona abazange bayixabise indawo apho uLt. Dan ebonakala ekhala emva kokuyalelwa ukuba athumele amadoda akhe kwi-mission eyingozi. Ekugqibeleni, iParamount yalile ukunikezela kwi-Pentagon's censors. Iskripthi seForrest Gump sichasene nomnqweno womkhosi wokucoca iifilimu ukunceda ukugaya nokugcina. Ngokungafaniyo neTop Gun, ayizange ithumele abantu abanokubakho abangxamele kwizikhululo zokugaya abantu.

Ndithandile ukugxeka kukaEileen Jones weTop Gun: Maverick ku Jacobin.  Uyabuza, “Ngaba kuyanceda ukukhomba ukuba eyokuqala Top Gun yayiyinto ehlekisayo? Ngaba yayiyinxalenye esebenzayo yolawulo lukaRonald Reagan lolwakhiwo lwasemkhosini oluphambeneyo kunye nemigaqo-nkqubo enobundlongondlongo yemfazwe yee-1980s?

U-Eileen Jones ubamba eli yelenqe: “UMaverick uphuma kumhlala-phantsi kwaye uthunyelwa kwisikolo soqeqesho seTop Gun njengomfundisi-ntsapho, isabelo angasifuniyo kwaye akasifanelanga kodwa uphumelela ngokuqaqambileyo. Kufuneka aqeqeshe elona qela lilelona-lona-lona-lona ligqwesileyo lokubhabha ukuze abhabhe kwimishini engenakwenzeka, iyahlekisa. Lo msebenzi ubandakanya ukuhlasela ilizwe elingenagama, ukuvuthela izixhobo zabo zeuranium ngaphambi kokuba baxhobe, kwaye babhabhe bemka ngaphambi kokuba bahlasele. Kodwa yonke inkalo yemishini ifuna uhlobo lwamagorha angenangqondo, anobuchule obungaphaya kwendalo abumba isiseko somfanekiso weenkwenkwezi zikaTom Cruise - kuphela kule filimu, uneqela leeCruise-lings ezincinci ekufuneka zonke zenze njengoko esenza ukuze wenze nemimangaliso kwakhona.

Imiboniso yadutyulwa enqanaweni USS Abraham Lincoln ngo-Agasti 2018 ngexesha loqeqesho olubandakanya ijethi yokulwa yomkhosi ye-F-35C Lightning II, (Kwakufuneka bafake i-Lockheed). Imveliso iphinde ifakwe kwi-Naval Air Station i-Lemoore e-Central California, i-swath engcoliseke kakhulu yomhlaba, nangona singenako ukukhomba kumaxwebhu ngenxa yokuba iirekhodi zendalo ezivela e-Lemoore azisekho kwiwebhusayithi ye-NAVFAC. I-NAVFAC nguMyalelo wobuNjineli bobuNjineli boMkhosi. Yiwebhusayithi,  https://www.navfac.navy.mil/ yacocwa amashumi amawaka eerekhodi zokusingqongileyo.

Ndafikelela kuSara Gonzalez-Rothi, uMlawuli oyiNtloko waManzi kunye neBhunga kuMgangatho weNdawo kwi-Biden White House, kodwa akazange aphendule. Ndaphinda ndaqhagamshelana ne-ofisi yeRep. Steny Hoyer, kodwa ayizange ibe luncedo. Oogxa babo abanee-NGO ezahlukeneyo ezinempembelelo baye bathula ngelixa ikontraka yoMkhosi woMkhosi isithi “zizidenge” ezigcina iiwebhusayithi kwaye idatha iya kuphinda ivele ngokuthe ngcembe.

Idatha ye-Lemoore ibifumaneka kude kube nguLwesihlanu, nge-3 kaJuni, ngo-2022, uhlobo lwe-Kristallnacht yedijithali. AmaNazi atshisa iincwadi ngelixa abantu abaninzi baphathwa kwiifilimu zepropaganda ezifana neNkoyiso yentando. Abantu baseMelika bacima ngokuthe cwaka amaphepha ewebhu ngelixa belawula ukuveliswa kweefilimu ezifana neTop Gun: Maverick.

I-F/A-18F Super Hornet yi-Boeing Defense, Space & Security, (2022 1st Q Revenues $5.5 billion) yinkwenkwezi ye-movie, ecaleni kwe-Cruise, (iifilimu - i-10.1 yeebhiliyoni zeedola) Inqwelomoya ifumana intlawulo ephezulu kwi-movie kunokuba iF-35C ephucukileyo eyakhiwe nguLockheed Martin. (2022 1st Q Revenue $ 15 Billion) Kungenxa yokuba i-F-35 yinqwelomoya yesihlalo esisodwa, ngoko ke abadlali abakwazanga ukukhwela kuzo.

Ukuba kukho umboniso bhanyabhanya we-Top Gun wesithathu abasasazo bepropagand banokufuna ukubonisa i-F-35 kuba inokuthwala ibhombu yenyukliya ye-B 61-12, kanti i-F/A 18 Super Hornet ayinako. I-B 61-12 inamandla ngokuphindwe kayi-22 kunebhombu eyatshabalalisa iHiroshima. Khawube nomfanekiso-ngqondweni wesiganeko sokugqibela kulo mfanekiso ushukumayo! Abadlali be-movie baseMelika baya kuyithanda ngelixa i-Pentagon inokuthethelela ukuvelisa i-3,155 yeebhomu kwi-28 yezigidi zeedola.

Kuvuthondaba, abaqhubi beenqwelo-moya abaPhezulu beMipu babhabha abane Super Hornets ukutshabalalisa indawo yokugcina iuranium eqinisiweyo. Amaqhawe abhabha ngelixa i-fireball enkulu igubungela isikrini semuvi. Umsebenzi ufezekisiwe!

Izixhobo zemfazwe

Luhlobo luni lwebhombu abaluphehleleyo ukwenza loo nto kwaye yenza ntoni kwindalo esingqongileyo? Asazi ngokuqinisekileyo, kodwa i-2,000 yeponti ye-BLU-109 enzima ekujoliswe kuyo, ekhokelwa yi-Joint Direct Attack Munition (JDAM), inokuba ngumgqatswa. Inkqubo yezixhobo idityaniswe kwinqwelo-moya yokuhlasela yeNavy F/A-18F Super Hornet, uTom Cruise onobubele wayebhabha. (hayi ncma.)

I-2,000 yeeponti ye-BLU-109 ibhombu yayiyilelwe ngokukodwa ukoyisa utshaba olubaluleke kakhulu ekujoliswe kulo, njengoko ekujoliswe kuko abadubuli bethu abaphezulu batshatyalalisiwe. Isixhobo singena kwindawo ekujoliswe kuyo ukuze singene ngaphakathi kubunzulu beendawo ezilukhuni, apho i-fuse ebambezeleke-isenzo idubula iipounds ezingama-550 zeTritonal eqhumayo, iqinisekisa ukutshatyalaliswa ngokupheleleyo kwendawo.

I-General Dynamics ivelisa iibhombu. Inkampani yayinengeniso yekota yokuqala ka-2022 ye-9.4 yebhiliyoni, ngaphezulu kwengeniso yelizwe jikelele yonyaka. Izizwe ezingama-50 emhlabeni.

I-Tritonal

I-Tritonal yenziwe kakhulu yi-2,4,6-trinitrotoluene, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-TNT, kwaye isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwizixhobo zomkhosi zase-US. Ibalela inxalenye enkulu yongcoliseko olunxulumene neziqhushumbisi kwindawo esebenzayo kunye nofakelo lwangaphambili lwasemkhosini.

I-TNT inikezela ngeenkxalabo ezahlukeneyo zempilo kunye nokusingqongileyo. Ukukhutshwa kwamanzi amdaka avela kwimveliso ye-TNT ngumthombo omkhulu wongcoliseko lwe-TNT emhlabeni namanzi aphantsi komhlaba kwizityalo zembumbulu zomkhosi (EPA 2005). I-EPA ithatha iTNT njenge nokwenzeka i-carcinogen yabantu.

Iimpawu ezinokubakho zokuvezwa zingabandakanya ukucaphuka kwesikhumba kunye ne-membrane ye-mucous, umonakalo wesibindi, i-jaundice, i-cyanosis, ukuthimla, ukukhohlela, umqala obuhlungu, i-peripheral neuropathy, intlungu yemisipha, umonakalo wezintso, i-cataract, i-dermatitis, i-leukocytosis, i-anemia kunye nezitenxo zentliziyo (NIOSH 2016) )

Ezona ndlela zinokuba sesichengeni kwi-TNT kukusela amanzi angcolisekileyo okanye ukudibana kwesikhumba ngamanzi angaphezulu angcolisekileyo okanye umhlaba. Ukuvezwa okunokwenzeka kwi-TNT kunokuthi kwenzeke ngokuphefumla, okanye ngokutya izityalo ezikhuliswe kumhlaba ongcolisekileyo (ATSDR 1995).

Nantsi indlela i-Arhente yeMichiza yaseYurophu (ECHA) echaza ngayo ingozi ehambelana ne-2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT):

Ingozi!  Le nto iyaqhushumba (ingozi yogqabhuko-dubulo), iyityhefu xa iginyiwe, iyityhefu xa idibene nolusu, iyityhefu xa irholiwe, iyityhefu kubomi basemanzini neziphumo ezihlala ixesha elide kwaye inokubangela umonakalo kumalungu ngokuba sesichengeni ixesha elide okanye ngokuphindaphindiweyo.

I-ECHA ithi le nto inokubangela umhlaza, kurhanelwa ukuba yonakalise inzala okanye umntwana ongekazalwa kwaye kurhaneleka ukuba ibangela iziphene zemfuzo.

Iziqhushumbisi zemichiza esizisebenzisayo ukubulalana zisibulala ngokuthe chu sonke. Libali elide elingaxelwanga. IMelika yehla iibhombu ezingama-26,171 ngo-2016 kuphela, ngokutsho koMgcini.

ISikhululo soMoya waseFallon, iNevada likhaya leSikolo seNaval Fighter Weapons, esidume ngokuba yiTop Gun. Isiseko singcoliseke kakhulu

I-Top Gun Maverick ayijongani nokutshatyalaliswa kwendalo okubangelwa nguMkhosi waManzi. Ibiya kuba lithuba elimangalisayo.

Nangona iirekhodi zokusingqongileyo ezivela kwi-Fallon ziye zahlanjululwa kwi-Naval Facilities Engineering Systems Command (NAVFAC) website, Siyazi kukukhutshwa kwangaphambili kwe-DOD ukuba Amanzi aphantsi komhlaba e-Fallon ayabulala.

Ungcoliseko oluqatha lwamanzi aphantsi komhlaba eFallon NAS

 PFAS e Fallon

E-Fallon NAS, owona msebenzi uxhaphakileyo okhokelele ekukhutshweni kwembali ye-PFAS kokusingqongileyo kusenokwenzeka ukuba usuka kusetyenziso lwegwebu elimanzi elenza ifilimu (AFFF) kuvavanyo, uqeqesho, kunye nokucima umlilo. Kangangeminyaka, uMkhosi wamanzi wasebenzisa i-25-foot-diameter by 3 foot unlined pit for fire training. Icrater enkulu yazaliswa ngamafutha ejethi yaza yavutha. Yacinywa ke ngogwebu olunePFAS. I-PFAS ifunyenwe kumanzi aphantsi komhlaba kwindawo. Asazi ukuba kubi kangakanani kuba abazukusixelela.

Iindawo ezijikeleze isiseko zivelisa ukuchitheka okwenzeka ngexesha lokusevisa kunye nokuhlamba iinqwelomoya. Ulwelo lubandakanya inkitha yezinto ezingcolisayo kwi-wash solvents, i-oyile ye-lube, i-hydraulic fluid, igrisi, i-aviation petroli, i-jet fuels, i-methyl ethyl ketone, kunye ne-isopropyl alcohol. Umkhosi wamanzi uthi akukho lungiso luyimfuneko kwaye iSebe leNevada loKhuseleko lweNdalo lilungile ngaloo nto.

Bona i-NAVFAC ayiphelelanga  uphando lwePFAS e-Fallon, ngoMeyi 2019. Urhulumente we-Nevada akakahlambululi iirekhodi zakhe malunga nokungcoliswa kweNavy.

I-PFAS ikwayi-prolific degreaser, ngoko ke amanqanaba aphezulu e-PFAS afunyanwa kwindawo yokucoca, uvavanyo, kunye neendawo zokuhlambela, izahluli zamanzi e-oyile kunye neenkqubo zemibhobho ephuma emanzini kunye / okanye kwizityalo zokucocwa kwamanzi amdaka.

I-Navy isebenzise chromium hexavalent ukugcinwa kwiTop Gun's F/A 18's. Yeyona carcinogen u-Erin Brockovich wasilumkisa ngayo. I-Hex chrome, njengoko ibizwa njalo, ibonelela ngothintelo olubalulekileyo lokutya okusetyenziselwa ukugquma inqwelomoya. Ukukhutshwa kwe-chromium electroplating kunye neebhafu ze-chromium anodizing zifumaneka kwiinkungu ezihamba emoyeni ezenziwe yinkqubo. Iikhompawundi ze-chromium ezihexavalent zibonakaliswe ukuba zibangela umhlaza wemiphunga ebantwini xa uphefumla.

Izixa ezikhulu zeekhompawundi zePFAS zisetyenziswa njengezinto zokucinezela inkungu. Zongezwa kwiplating yentsimbi kunye nokugqiba iibhafu zokuthintela ukukhutshwa komoya kwemisi yesinyithi enetyhefu. Iindawo zokulahla ezifumana inkunkuma kule misebenzi kunye ne-sludge kunye nenkunkuma evela kwiindawo zokucocwa kwamanzi amdaka ziqulethe amanqanaba aphezulu e-PFAS. Bayasibulala.

ILabhoratri yoPhando lwaseLwandle-i-Chesapeake Bay Detachment ibonelela ngobungqina obucacileyo bokuxinana kwePFAS kwindawo yokucoca amanzi amdaka.

I-X ebomvu ibonisa isityalo sokucocwa kwamanzi amdaka kwiSebe laseChesapeake Bay leLebhu yoPhando lweNaval eChesapeake Beach, eMaryland. Isiseko singasentla nasempumalanga kumgca omhlophe womda kumfanekiso ongasentla. Amanqanaba ePFAS ewonke (iikhompawundi ezi-3), kumjelo wokutsiba ukusuka kwi-224.37 ppt ukuya kwi-1,376 ppt njengoko idlula kwindawo yokucocwa kwamanzi amdaka efumana amanzi amdaka ukusuka kwizibonelelo kulo lonke ufakelo.

I-PFAS e-Fallon ifudukela kwindawo engaphantsi komhlaba ngokusebenzisa imvula, ekugqibeleni iphumela kumanzi aphantsi komhlaba. Ukongeza, ngenxa yobukho bemigxobhozo, imisele yokuhambisa amanzi, kunye nemijelo ekufutshane namanzi esiphango anokuba negalelo kuthutho olubalulekileyo lwe-PFAS-equlathe iikhompawundi ezingaphaya komda wesiseko.

Ugwebu lokucima umlilo olusetyenziswa kwiTop Gun Maverick

Ngasekupheleni komboniso bhanyabhanya uMaverick kunye noQhude baphulukana nesixhobo sokumisa kwi-F-14 yakudala abayikhuphayo kutshaba. Libali elide. Oku kumisela imeko yokufika ngokukhawuleza xa bechukumisa umqhubi wenqwelomoya. Iminatha ilungiselelwa ukubamba inqwelo-moya njengoko isimayo ukuyinqanda ukuba ingantlitheki. Oomatiloshe batshiza ugwebu lwesicimi-mlilo phantsi kwenqwelo-moya nje ukuba kuqhambuke umlilo. Ukubamba kakuhle.

Abasasaza ubuxoki bahlolisisa zonke izakhelo, igama ngalinye nengoma nganye. Umpu oPhezulu: UMaverick yayiyimuvi eyoyikekayo, imveliso embi.