Izinto onokuzifunda kuDaniel Ellsberg

NguDavid Swanson, World BEYOND War, Matshi 8, 2023

Andifuni nawaphi na amatye ezikhumbuzo amatsha ebantwini athathe indawo yawo nawaphi na adiliziweyo ngenxa yobuhlanga okanye amanye amatyala. Abantu ngabanye baneziphene ezinzulu - ngamnye kubo, kwaye ukuziphatha kuyatshintsha kunye namaxesha. Ababhexeshi ngokwenkcazo bangaphantsi kokugqibelela kobuthixo, njengoko inkonzo yabo ityhila amasikizi alelinye iziko abebeyinxalenye yalo. Kodwa xa ujonga abantu ngabanye ongathanda ukuba abantu bafunde kubo, kukho abathi banyuke baye phezulu, kwaye omnye wabo nguDan Ellsberg. Ukuqala kwam ukudibana naye, malunga neminyaka engama-20 eyadlulayo, wayekho, kwaye ukusukela oko wayengumthetheleli osisigxina woxolo nobulungisa, engasenguye umpempe omtsha kwaye engasekho kwindawo ebekuyo ukukhulula amaPhepha ePentagon. . Uye waqhubeka engumntu oxelayo, ekhupha ulwazi olutsha, kwaye ebalisa izixa ezingapheliyo zezibakala kunye neziganeko. Yena nabanye baqhubekile nokutyhila ngakumbi malunga neentsuku zakhe zangaphambili, yonke into eyenze ukuba abonakale elumkile. Kodwa ndadibana noDaniel Ellsberg njengetshantliziyo loxolo, enye yezona zinto zibalaseleyo kwakha kwakho.

isibindi

UDan Ellsberg wabeka ubomi bakhe esichengeni entolongweni. Waza ke waqhubeka ezibeka esichengeni isohlwayo ngokuphindaphindiweyo. Wathatha inxaxheba kwizinto ezingenakubalwa - ndicinga ukuba unokuba nenani, kodwa igama lifanelekile - izenzo zoqhanqalazo ezingenabugorha ezibandakanya ukubanjwa kwakhe. Wayesazi ukuba ulwazi lwalunganelanga, ukuba isenzo esingenabundlobongela sasifuneka kwakhona, kwaye sinokuphumelela. Waphefumlela kwaye wakhuthaza kwaye wazinikela ekuthatheni umngcipheko kunye nabenzi bempempe abatsha kunye namatsha ntliziyo amatsha kunye neentatheli ezintsha.

Strategy

U-Ellsberg wazinikezela ngokucacileyo kuyo nantoni na enokwenziwa, kodwa ngaphandle kokuhlala ebuza ukuba yintoni eya kusebenza kakuhle, yintoni eya kuba nethuba elikhulu lokuphumelela.

Ukuthobeka

U-Ellsberg akazange athathe umhlala-phantsi kuphela. Naye, ngokolwazi lwam, akazange abonise neyona mpembelelo imbi yodumo, akazange azikhukhumeze okanye adelele. Xa ndandingamazi, wayenditsalela umnxeba efuna ukuqonda kunye nolwazi lobuchule bokuphembelela iCongress. Oku kwakuxa ndandihlala okanye kufuphi neWashington, DC, kwaye ndenza umsebenzi othile kunye namanye amaLungu eNkongolo, kwaye ndicinga ukuba ubukhulu becala yayilixabiso elalifunwa ngokundibuza imibuzo. Ingongoma kukuba ndiyazi ukuba ndandingomnye wabantu abaninzi uDan wayefowuna ebuza imibuzo. Umfo owayesazi ngakumbi malunga neshishini lomkhosi kunaye nabani na, okanye nabani na ongomnye ozimisele ukuthetha ngayo, ubukhulu becala wayefuna ukufunda nantoni na angayaziyo.

scholarship

Imodeli yophando olunyamekileyo kunye nenkuthalo, ukunika ingxelo, kunye nokubhalwa kweencwadi, i-Ellsberg inokufundisa ukubaluleka kokufumana inyaniso kwiwebhu eyinkimbinkimbi yeenyaniso eziyisiqingatha kunye nobuxoki. Mhlawumbi ukuchukumiseka kwezifundo zakhe, kudityaniswe nokuhamba kwexesha, kube negalelo kwiinkcazo ezahlukeneyo ezibonisa ukuba omnye umloli omtsha oye wakhubekisa ukusekwa ngu "No Daniel Ellsberg" - impazamo uDan ngokwakhe uye wakhawuleza ukuyilungisa, ehambelana ne abaxeleli benyaniso bexesha langoku, endaweni yokungafihli kwenkumbulo yakhe.

Inqwenela

Yintoni eyenza ulwazi olunikeziweyo ngembali yemfazwe, imbali yokulwela uxolo, ezopolitiko, kunye nezixhobo zenyukliya ekubhaleni kuka-Ellsberg kunye nokuthetha okunomdla kakhulu yimibuzo awayibuzayo ukuze ayifumane. Ubukhulu becala ayiyomibuzo ebibuzwa ngamaziko eendaba amakhulu.

Ukucinga Okuzimeleyo

Ukuba ujongana nommandla wesihloko esinye ixesha elide ngokwaneleyo, kuba nzima ukubaleka kuluvo olutsha. Apho ubalekela khona kwiimbono ezintsha, amaxesha amaninzi iba ngumntu ozicingela ngokwakhe. Iimbono zikaEllsberg ngezona ngozi zinkulu esijamelene nazo, ezona zenzo zolwaphulo-mthetho zinzulu zexesha elidlulileyo, noko simele sikwenze ngoku asizizo zomnye umntu endimaziyo, ngaphandle kwamanani amakhulu abantu abaye bamphulaphula.

Ukungavisisani okuvunyiweyo

Uninzi lwabantu, mhlawumbi ndibandakanyiwe, kunzima ukuhlala kunye nabo ngoxolo naxa besebenza ngokudibeneyo ukuya kwisiphelo esifanayo. Ndikunye no-Ellsberg, yena kunye nam senze iingxoxo zoluntu ngokoqobo kwizinto esingavumelani ngazo (kubandakanywa nonyulo) ngokukhululekileyo. Kutheni ingenakuba yinto eqhelekileyo? Kutheni singenakungavisisani ngaphandle kweemvakalelo ezirhabaxa? Kutheni singenako ukufuna ukufundisana nokufunda omnye komnye ngaphandle kokuzabalazela ukoyisa okanye ukurhoxisa omnye komnye?

Ukubekwa phambili

UDaniel Ellsberg ngumntu ocinga ngokuziphatha. Ukhangela obona bubi bukhulu noko kunokwenziwa ukubuphelisa. Ukungafuni kwakhe ukuthetha, kunye nam, ukugatya iWWII, ndicinga ukuba, kuphuma ekuqondeni kwakhe ubungakanani bezicwangciso zamaNazi zokubulala abantu abaninzi eMpuma Yurophu. Ukuchasa kwakhe umgaqo-nkqubo wenyukliya wase-US kuvela kulwazi lwakhe lwezicwangciso zase-US zokubulala abantu abaninzi eYurophu nase-Asia kude ngaphaya kwamaNazi. Ukugxila kwakhe kwii-ICBMs kuza, ndiyacinga, ekucingeni kwakhe ukuba yeyiphi inkqubo ekhoyo eyenza umngcipheko omkhulu we-apocalypse yenyukliya. Yile nto sonke esiyidingayo, nokuba sonke sigxila kubungendawo obugqithisileyo obufanayo. Kufuneka sibeke izinto eziphambili ngokubaluleka kwaye senze.

Ubuzala

Qha uyadlala! Njengoko wonke umntu esazi, awunakuyeka uDaniel Ellsberg xa enemakrofoni okanye uzisole nangomzuzu omnye ukuba usilele ukumnqanda. Mhlawumbi kukufa kuphela okuya kumthulisa, kodwa kungekuphela nje ukuba sineencwadi zakhe, iividiyo zakhe, kunye nezo aziphembelele ukuba zibe ngcono.