NguPaul Holden, ngo-Agasti 18, 2020
ukusuka Daily Maverick
UMzantsi Afrika usondela ngokukhawuleza kwinqanaba elibalulekileyo: ngo-Okthobha ka-2020, ilizwe liza kwenza iintlawulo zalo zokugqibela kwimali mboleko ekhutshiweyo yokuhlawulela ukuthengwa koomatshini abaphantsi, iicherve, iihelikopta kunye nomlobi kunye nejethi zabaqeqeshi ezaziwa njenge-Arms Deal.
Oku kuthengwayo, kwenziwa ngokusesikweni xa kwasayinwa iikhontrakthi zobonelelo ngezoMnga ka-1999, ziyichaze ngokunzulu zaze zayilungisa imeko yezopolitiko yasemva kocalucalulo. Ingxaki ekhoyo ngoku ye-State Capture kunye nobhubhani worhwaphilizo olujongela phantsi uncedo kunye neenzame zokunciphisa i-Covid-19, ifumana iingcambu zayo ekutshatyalalisweni okukhulu kwamandla karhulumente okuqubisana norhwaphilizo hleze loo mandla atyhile ukubola okugcweleyo kweSivumelwano seZilwa.
Ezi ndleko zezopolitiko zikhulu kakhulu, kodwa ekugqibeleni azinakulinganiswa. Kodwa eyona nto ibambekayo kwaye ifanele ukuncitshiswa ibe ngamanani anzima lixabiso leSivumelwano seArms ngokwenyani, enzima, ngokwemali.
Ndisebenzisa olona lwazi lufumanekayo, ndiqikelela ukuba ixabiso leSivumelwano seArms, xa silungelelaniselwa ukunyuka kwamaxabiso, lilingana ne-R142-bhiliyoni ngo-2020. Okanye, kucaciswe ngenye indlela, ukuba iSivumelwano seArms besinokwenzeka namhlanje, zizonke iindleko zokuhlawula izinto ezithengiweyo kunye neemali-mboleko ezithatyathelwe ukuxhasa zona, ziyakuba yi-R142-bhiliyoni. Ndimise ubalo endilusebenzisileyo ukufikelela kolu qikelelo lungezantsi kwiSigaba sesi-2 ukuze ndifunde ngokungqongqo (funda: nerdy).
Lo mfanekiso uchukumisayo utsala amanye amanani aphuma kumanyundululu e-State Capture. Umzekelo, iphantse yaliphinda kathathu ixabiso le-R50 yebhiliyoni kwii-odolo ezibekwe ngabakwa-Transnet kubavelisi bakaloliwe base-China abohlukeneyo, apho ishishini lolwaphulo-mthetho lakwaGupta lafumana imbuyekezo emnandi yama-20%.
Yintoni eyayinokuhlawulwa endaweni yoko?
Yintoni enye ebesinokuhlawulela yona ukuba besinokusebenzisa laa R142-bhiliyoni ngoku kwizinto ebesizidinga ngokwenene (ngokungafaniyo neqela leejethi zokulwa ezingasasetyenziswayo kunye neempawu zeempawu zamandla aselwandle)?
Okokuqala, sinokuyihlawula imali-mboleko engumqondiso ophezulu urhulumente asandula ukuyithabatha kwi-International Monetary Fund (IMF). I-4.3-billion yemali-mboleko ilingana ne-R70-billion. Imali evela kwiSivumelwano seArms inokuhlawula le mali mboleko kabini; okanye, okona kubaluleke kakhulu, bekungayi kukhutshwa imfuneko yemali-mboleko kwasekuqaleni.
Olona hlahlo lwabiwo-mali lwakutsha nje lubonelele nge-R33.3-bhiliyoni yenkxaso-mali kwi-National Student Financial Aid Scheme kunyaka ka-2020/2021. Esi sikimu sibonelela ngeemali-mboleko kubafundi abangekabinazidanga ukuba bahlawulele izifundo zabo zaseyunivesithi. UMzantsi Afrika ngewuyixhase ngemali le nkqubo izihlandlo ezine ukuba ubunokusebenzisa imali yeSivumelwano seArms endaweni yoko.
Kwa olu hlahlo lwabiwo-mali lunye lubonisa ukuba urhulumente uceba ukuchitha i-R65-bhiliyoni kwizibonelelo zenkxaso yabantwana. Ngokusebenzisa imali yeSivumelwano Sezixhobo, besinokuhlawulela oku kabini, okanye, ngesisa, siliphinde kabini ixabiso lilonke lenkxaso-mali yokukhathalela abantwana ngonyaka.
Kodwa elona nani libetha kakhulu, ngakumbi phakathi kwentlekele ye-Covid-19 kunye nokudodobala koqoqosho kwelizwe kunye nehlabathi okuza kuzisa ekuvukeni kwayo, luqikelelo lwakutsha nje lokuba ibiza malini ngonyaka ukuqhuba isikim sesibonelelo somvuzo esinokuthi siphakamise. wonke ummi waseMzantsi Afrika ophakathi kweminyaka eli-18 nama-59 ngaphezu komlinganiselo wentlupheko we-R1,277 ngenyanga. UPeter Attard Montalto wefem yoqikelelo lweshishini i-Intellidex ucebise ukuba kuya kuxabisa i-R142-bhiliyoni ngonyaka ukwenza oko: ezona ndleko zeSivumelwano seArms kumaxabiso ka-2020.
Khawufane ucinge ukuba: unyaka wonke, phakathi kwesibetho sehlabathi esikrazula isiseko soluntu lwaseMzantsi Afrika, wonke ummi waseMzantsi Afrika wakhubeka ebuhlwempu. Elona futhe lokwenyani lexesha elide kwezoqoqosho, ngokwasengqondweni nakwezopolitiko kunqabile ukuba licingeleke.
Kakade ke, umntu obambeleleyo usenokubonisa ukuba olu thelekiso alunabulungisa. I-Arms Deal, ekugqibeleni, yahlawulwa ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-20, hayi njengesixa esinye. Kodwa into engahoywayo yile yeyokuba iSivumelwano seArms saxhaswa kakhulu ngemali mboleko yamazwe angaphandle eyayigubungela uninzi lweendleko zeSivumelwano seArms. Le nkcitho ingentla, nayo, ibinokuxhaswa ngemali mboleko efanayo ngexabiso elifanayo kwiminyaka engama-20. Kwaye oko ngaphandle kokugubungela uMzantsi Afrika ngezixhobo zomkhosi obungazange uzifune ngokwenene kwaye okusabiza intywenka yemali ukuzigcina nokuziqhuba.
Ngubani owenze imali?
Ngokusekelwe kwizibalo zam zakutsha nje, uMzantsi Afrika uhlawule i-R108.54-bhiliyoni ngo-2020 kwiinkampani zezixhobo zezixhobo zaseBritani, isiTaliyane, iSweden kunye neJamani ezasibonelela ngeejethi zokulwa, iinkwili, iicorvettes kunye neehelicopter. Esi sixa-mali sahlawulwa kwisithuba seminyaka eyi-14 ukusuka ku-2000 ukuya ku-2014.
Kodwa into edla ngokulityalwa kwiingxoxo malunga neSivumelwano seArms kukuba yayingezonkampani zezixhobo zaseYurophu kuphela ezenze intywenka yemali kwesi sivumelwano, kodwa ziibhanki ezinkulu zaseYurophu ezibonelele urhulumente woMzantsi Afrika imali-mboleko yokuhlawulela esi sivumelwano. Ezi bhanki zibandakanya iBhanki yaseBritane iBarclays Bank (eyayixhasa ngemali abaqeqeshi kunye neejethi zokulwa, neyayiyeyona mboleko inkulu kuzo zonke), iCommerzbank yaseJamani (eyayixhasa ngemali icorvette kunye neenkwili), iSociete Generale yaseFransi (eyayixhasa ngemali i-corvette yokulwa) kunye ne-Italio credit Medio I-Centrale (eyayixhasa ngemali inqwelo-ntaka).
Inene, ubalo lwam lubonisa ukuba uMzantsi Afrika uhlawule ngaphaya nje kwe-R20-bhiliyoni ngo-2020 kwinzala yodwa kwiibhanki zaseYurophu phakathi kuka-2003 no-2020. imirhumo yezomthetho kwiibhanki ezifanayo phakathi kwe-211.2 kunye ne-2000.
Okumangalisayo kukuba, ezinye zezi bhanki azizange zithathe mngcipheko xa zinika uMzantsi Afrika ezi mboleko. Ngokomzekelo, iimali-mboleko zeBarclays, zabhalwa phantsi lisebe likarhulumente waseBritani elibizwa ngokuba liSebe leSiqinisekiso sokuThunyelelwa kwamanye amazwe. Phantsi kwale nkqubo, urhulumente waseBhritane angangenelela ahlawule iBarclays Bank ukuba uMzantsi Afrika uyasilela.
Ukuqashiswa kweebhanki akuzange kube lula kangako.
Ezinye iindaba ezimbi ezongezelelweyo
Olu thelekiso, nangona kunjalo, kufuneka lukhumbule enye into entsonkothileyo: ixabiso le-R142 lebhiliyoni yokuthengwa kweSivumelwano seArms eneneni ayiloxabiso lilonke leSivumelwano seArms konke konke: le yindlela esidle ngayo urhulumente woMzantsi Afrika. ukuthenga izixhobo kunye nokuhlawula iimali-mboleko ezisetyenziselwa ukuthenga.
Urhulumente kusafuneka achithe imali eninzi yokugcina izixhobo ngokuhamba kwexesha. Oku kwaziwa ngokuba “ziindleko zomjikelo wobomi” besixhobo.
Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, akukho nto ichaziweyo yokuba yimalini echithwe kulondolozo kunye nezinye iinkonzo kwizixhobo ze-Arms Deal. Siyazi ukuba iindleko beziphezulu kangangokuba uMkhosi woMoya waqinisekisa ngo-2016 ukuba sisiqingatha kuphela seejethi zokulwa ze-Gripen ezisebenzayo, ngelixa isiqingatha sigcinwe “kugcino olujikelezayo”, lucutha inani leeyure zokubhabha ezilogiweyo. iSAAF.
Kodwa, ngokusekwe kumava amazwe ngamazwe, siyazi ukuba iindleko zexesha elide zomjikelo wobomi kunokwenzeka ukuba zibe nkulu. E-US, olona qikelelo luneenkcukacha lwamva nje olusekwe kwidatha yembali lucebisa ukuba iindleko zokusebenza kunye nenkxaso yeenkqubo ezinkulu zezixhobo zisuka kwi-88% ukuya kwi-112% yeendleko zokufumana. Ukusebenzisa oku kwimeko yaseMzantsi Afrika, kwaye usebenzisa ezi ngqikelelo ezifanayo, uMzantsi Afrika kuya kufuneka uchithe malunga nexabiso eliphindwe kabini lexabiso lenkunzi yeSivumelwano seSivumelwano kubomi obucetyiweyo beminyaka engama-40 ukuba kukugcina isixhobo sokusetyenziswa.
Nangona kunjalo, ngokuqwalasela ukungabikho kwedatha enzima evela kurhulumente kwiindleko zokugcinwa, ndigqibe ekubeni ndingafaki iindleko zomjikelo wobomi kwizibalo zam. Kodwa khumbula ukuba amanani endixoxa ngawo apha ngezantsi akasondeli naphi na kwiindleko zobomi obugcweleyo zeSivumelwano seArms kumhlawuli werhafu waseMzantsi Afrika.
Kutheni ukutshutshisa iSivumelwano seArms kusebalulekile
Ngokusekelwe kwisithuba seminyaka engamashumi amabini yophando, ukuvuza kunye nokutshutshisa, siyazi ukuba iinkampani zaseYurophu ezithengise izixhobo zoMzantsi Afrika ebezingazidingi, zahlawula iibhiliyoni zeerandi zokukhatyelwa ezipalini kunye “nemirhumo yokucebisa” kubadlali abanxulumene nezopolitiko. Kwaye nangona uJacob Zuma ngoku ekugqibeleni eza kujongana nexesha lenkundla malunga noku kukhatywa kwebhola, oku kufanele kube sisiqalo kuphela: uninzi lokutshutshisa. kumele landela.
Akunjalo nje ngokuba oku kuyimfuno yobulungisa: kungenxa yokuba oku kunokuba nefuthe elikhulu kwezemali kurhulumente woMzantsi Afrika. Okubaluleke kakhulu, zonke iikontraki zeSivumelwano seArms zibandakanya igatya elichaza ukuba iinkampani zezixhobo aziyi kubandakanyeka kulo naluphi na urhwaphilizo. Ngaphezu koko, ukuba iinkampani zifunyaniswe zaphule lo mhlathi kutshutshiso lolwaphulo-mthetho, urhulumente woMzantsi Afrika angahlawulisa i-10% yomonakalo.
Okubalulekileyo, ezi zivumelwano zixatyiswe ngeedola zaseMelika, iiponti zaseBritane, iKrone yaseSweden kunye neeEuro, okuthetha ukuba ixabiso labo lerandi liya kuba lilandelelwe ngokunyuka kwamaxabiso kunye nokuguquguquka kwemali.
Ngokusebenzisa uqikelelo lwam lweendleko zizonke zesivumelwano, uMzantsi Afrika unokuphinda ubuyise i-R10-bhiliyoni ngo-2020 ukuba bonke ababoneleli beSivumelwano seArms bahlawuliswe i-10% yesixa esipheleleyo esivunyelweyo kwiikhontrakthi. Oku akuyonto yokufunxa, kwaye liqhezu kuphela lento enokubiza urhulumente ukuzisa ezi nkampani.
Isigaba 2: Ukuqikelela ixabiso lilonke leSivumelwano seZixhobo
Kutheni singazazi zonke iindleko zeSivumelwano seArms esiqinisekileyo nge-100%?
Ithetha kakhulu into yokuba kusafuneka siqikelele iindleko zeSivumelwano seSivumelwano, kunokuba sibhekiselele kwinani eliqinileyo nelibambekayo. Oku kungenxa yokuba, kususela oko kwabhengezwa iSivumelwano seArms, eyona ndleko yaso iye yagutyungelwa yimfihlelo.
Ukufihlwa okungqonge esi sivumelwano kuququzelelwe kukusetyenziswa koko kwaziwa ngokuba yiAkhawunti yoKhuselo oluKhethekileyo, eyathi yasetyenziselwa ukunika ingxelo ngenkcitho yoKuthengiselana ngeziXhobo kuhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lwaseMzantsi Afrika. I-Akhawunti yoKhuselo oluKhethekileyo yasekwa ngexesha localucalulo ngeenjongo ezicacileyo zokudala umngxuma omnyama wohlahlo lwabiwo-mali onokuthi usetyenziswe ukufihla ubungakanani bolwaphulo-mthetho lwelizwe olungekho mthethweni.
Olo mfihlo luthetha ukuba, umzekelo, iintlawulo zizonke ezenziwe kubanikezeli beSivumelwano seArms Deal zatyhilwa kuphela ngo-2008, xa yayibhengezwa kuHlahlo-lwabiwo-mali lwesizwe okokuqala. Ngelo xesha, amashumi eebhiliyoni zeerandi sele ehlawulwe.
Nangona kunjalo, la manani ayengabandakanyi iindleko zeemali-mboleko ezithatyathiweyo ukuhlawulela isivumelwano (ingakumbi inzala ehlawulweyo kunye nezinye iintlawulo zolawulo). Oku kwakuthetha ukuba, kwiminyaka emininzi, ekuphela kwendlela yokuqikelela iindleko zesivumelwano yayikukuthatha iindleko ezichaziweyo kunye nokongeza kwi-49%, apho uphando lukarhulumente lwathi yindleko yenkxaso-mali yonke.
Ngo-2011, xa ndandipapasha i-akhawunti eneenkcukacha malunga neSivumelwano seArms kunye nogxa wam uHennie van Vuuren, yiloo nto kanye esayenzayo, siphuhlisa iindleko eziqikelelwa kwi-R71-billion ngelo xesha (ezingalungiselelwanga ukunyuka kwamaxabiso). Kwaye nangona oku kuye kwabonakala ngathi kulungile, ngoku sikwimeko apho sinokujonga ukuphuhlisa into echane ngakumbi.
Eyona ngxelo ineenkcukacha nepheleleyo yeendleko zeSivumelwano seArms yenziwa esidlangalaleni kubungqina begosa likaNondyebo ekudala lihlonitshwa, u-Andrew Donaldson. UDonaldson unikezele ngobungqina koko kubizwa ngokuba yiKomishoni yoPhando yaseSeriti, eyayinikwe uxanduva lokuphanda ubugwenxa kwiSivumelwano seArms. Njengoko kusaziwa ngoku, iziphumo zeKomishoni yakwaSeriti zabekelwa bucala ngo-Agasti ka-2019 njengoko uSihlalo uJaji uSeriti kunye nogxa wakhe uJaji uHendrick Musi bafunyaniswa bengaphumelelanga ekuqhubeni uphando olupheleleyo, olunobulungisa nolunentsingiselo malunga neSivumelwano seArms.
Indlela ubungqina bukaDonaldson ekwasingathwa ngayo kwikhomishini, enyanisweni, yayiyi-microcosm yendlela ikhomishini yenze kakubi ngayo umsebenzi wayo. Oku kwakungenxa yokuba, ngaphandle kokudiza okuluncedo kakhulu, ungeniso lukaDonaldson luqulathe ukungacaci okubalulekileyo ikomishoni eyasilelayo ukuchonga okanye nokumbuza imibuzo uDonaldson ngayo, ishiye ingacaciswanga – kwaye nexabiso lilonke leSivumelwano Sezixhobo azikacaci.
Ukungacaci kwe-Arms Deal accounting
Ukuze uqonde ukungaqondakali kwengxelo kaDonaldson umntu kufuneka athabathe i-detour engathandekiyo ekusebenzeni kukaNondyebo kunye nokuba inkcitho eyahlukileyo ibalwa njani kuhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lwesizwe. Ndinyamezele.
ISivumelwano seArms saxhaswa ngemali, ubukhulu becala, ngeemali-mboleko ezinkulu ezithatyathwe kwiibhanki ezinkulu zamazwe ngamazwe. Ezi mboleko bezihlala ezimbizeni, apho uMzantsi Afrika ubunokukhupha imali ukuhlawula ababoneleli bezixhobo zokusebenza. Ngokwenyani, oku kwakuthetha ukuba minyaka le, uMzantsi Afrika uya kukhupha imali ethile kuncedo lwemali-mboleko oyinikwe ziibhanki (eyaziwa ngokuba yi-“drawdown” kwimali-mboleko), kwaye usebenzise le mali ukuhlawula iindleko zenkunzi (oko kukuthi; elona xabiso lokuthenga) kwiinkampani zezixhobo.
Nangona kunjalo, asiyiyo yonke imali eyayihlawulwe kwiinkampani zezixhobo ethatyathwe kwezi mboleko, njengoko uMzantsi Afrika ukwasebenzise imali kuhlahlo lwabiwo-mali olukhoyo lokhuselo ukwenza iintlawulo zonyaka. Esi sixa-mali sabelwa kuhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lwesizwe kwaye yinxalenye yenkcitho karhulumente eqhelekileyo. Oku kuboniswe ngezantsi apha:
Oku kuthetha ukuba asinakusuka sithembele kwixabiso lilonke lemali-mboleko nakwinzala yayo ekubaleni iindleko zeSivumelwano seArms Deal, njengoko ezinye zeendleko zesivumelwano azizange zihlawulwe ziimali-mboleko ezinkulu, koko endaweni yoko zahlawulwa ngemali yoMzantsi Afrika. uhlahlo-lwabiwo mali oluqhelekileyo lwesizwe.
UDonaldson, kubungqina bakhe, uthe elona xabiso lerandi leSivumelwano seArms, okanye, ngokulula nje, isixa-mali esihlawulwe ngokuthe ngqo kwiinkampani zezixhobo, yayiyi-R46.666-bhiliyoni phakathi konyaka ka-2000 no-2014, xa kwakusenziwa intlawulo yokugqibela. Ukwathe, ukusukela kweyoKwindla ka-2014, uMzantsi Afrika kusafuneka uhlawule i-R12.1-bhiliyoni yemali-mboleko ngokwawo, ukongezelela kwinzala ye-R2.6 yeebhiliyoni zeerandi.
Ukuthatha oku ngokwexabiso lobuso, kunye nokusebenza namanani, kubonakala ngathi yeyona ndlela ilula yokubala iindleko zeSivumelwano seArms kukongeza nje imali ehlawulwe kwiinkampani zezixhobo phakathi ko-2000 kunye no-2014 njengoko kubonisiwe kuhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lweSebe lezoKhuselo, kunye nemali ekusafuneka ihlawulwe kwiimali-mboleko kuquka inzala ngowama-2014, ngolu hlobo:
Xa kudityaniswe ngolu hlobo, sifikelela kwixabiso le-R61.501-bhiliyoni. Kwaye, eneneni, eli yayilinani kanye elaxelwa kumajelo eendaba aseMzantsi Afrika ngelo xesha, impazamo eyaququzelelwa, ngokuyinxenye, kukungaphumeleli kweKomishoni kaSeriti ukucacisa ubungqina bukaDonaldon.
Impazamo ilele kwinto yokuba ubungqina bukaDonaldson bubandakanya itafile eneenkcukacha ekupheleni kwengxelo yakhe echaza ukuba yimalini ehlawulweyo ukuze kuhlawulwe inkunzi kunye nenzala yemali-mboleko. Le theyibhile iqinisekise ukuba, ukuya kutsho ngo-2014, isixa-mali se-R10.1-bhiliyoni yenzala sele ihlawulwe ngaphezu kweentlawulo zemali-mboleko.
Ngokwengqiqo, sinokuthi le mali ayizange ihlawulwe kwisabelomali seSebe lezoKhuselo, ngenxa yezizathu ezibini. Okokuqala, izixa-mali ezihlawulwe kwibhajethi yeSebe lezoKhuselo zahlawulwa kwiinkampani ezithengisa izixhobo, hayi iibhanki. Okwesibini, njengoko uDonaldson naye eqinisekisile, iintlawulo zemali-mboleko kunye nenzala zibalwa kwiNgxowa-mali yeNgeniso yeSizwe, kungekhona uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali oluthile lwesebe.
Oku kuthetha ukuthini, ngokulula, kukuba sinezinye iindleko ekufuneka sizibandakanye kwiindleko zethu zefomula yeSivumelwano seArms, eyile, imali ehlawulwe inzala phakathi kuka-2000 no-2014, esinika oku kulandelayo:
Ngokusebenzisa olu balo sifikelela kwixabiso le-R71.864-bhiliyoni:
Kwaye ngoku ulungelelanisa ukunyuka kwamaxabiso
Ukunyuka kwamaxabiso kukukhula kweendleko zeempahla neenkonzo ekuhambeni kwexesha kwimali ethile. Okanye, ngokulula, ilofu yesonka ngo-1999 ixabisa ngaphantsi kakhulu ngokwerandi kunokuba isenza ngo-2020.
Oku kuyinyaniso nakwiSivumelwano seArms ngokunjalo. Ukuze siqonde ukuba iSivumelwano seArms sixabisa kangakanani na ngokwemigaqo esinokuyiqonda namhlanje, kufuneka sichaze ixabiso lesivumelwano ngo-2020. Oku kungenxa yokuba i-R2.9 yeebhiliyoni zeerandi esasiyihlawule kwiinkampani zezixhobo ngo-2000/01 ayilingani ne-R2.9-bhiliyoni ehlawulwe ngoku, njengokuba i-R2.50 esasiyihlawulele ilofu yesonka ngo-1999. ayizukuthenga ilofu ebanzi exabisa i-R10 ngo-2020.
Ukubala ixabiso leSivumelwano seArms kumaxabiso ka-2020, ndenze izibalo ezintathu ezahlukeneyo.
Okokuqala, ndithathe iimali ezihlawulwa kwiinkampani zezixhobo unyaka nonyaka kuhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lweSebe lezoKhuselo. Ndiye ndahlengahlengisa isixa-mali sonyaka ngamnye sokunyuka kwamaxabiso, ukulinyusa liye kuthi ga kumaxabiso angama-2020, njengoko kunjalo:
Okwesibini, kwinzala esele ihlawulwe, ndenza into efanayo. Nangona kunjalo, urhulumente akazange apapashe ukuba yimalini ehlawulwe kwinzala minyaka le. Siyazi, nangona kunjalo, kwingxelo kaDonaldson, ukuba ngowuphi unyaka urhulumente aqale ukuhlawula iimali-mboleko ezithile, kwaye siyazi nokuba imali-mboleko ihlawulwe ngezavenge ezilinganayo minyaka le. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba inzala ihlawulwe kwangolo hlobo. Ndiye ndathatha inzala ehlawulweyo kwimali-mboleko nganye, ndaza ndayahlula ngenani leminyaka phakathi kokuhlawulwa kwemali mboleko kunye no-2014 (umhla wengxelo kaDonaldson), kwaye emva koko ndilungelelanise unyaka ngamnye ngokwenyuka kwamaxabiso.
Ukwenza umzekelo, urhulumente woMzantsi Afrika wathatha iimali-mboleko ezintathu kwiBhanki yeBarclays ukuhlawula iindleko zokuthengwa kweejethi zeHawk neGripen kwi-BAE Systems kunye ne-SAAB. Ingxelo kaDonaldson iyangqina ukuba imali-mboleko yafakwa kwindlela “yokubuyisela” ngo-2005, kwaye i-R6 yebhiliyoni iye yahlawulwa kwimali-mboleko phakathi ko-2014 no-2005. kuthi esi sibalo:
Okokugqibela, ndilwenzile ubalo olufanayo lwemali ekusafuneka ibuyiswe kwiimali-mboleko (zombini inkunzi kunye nenzala) ukusuka ngo-2014. Ingxelo kaDonaldson iqinisekise ukuba iimali-mboleko ezahlukeneyo ziya kuhlawulwa ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo. Iimali-mboleko zeenkwili, umzekelo, ziya kuhlawulwa ngoJulayi ka-2016, ii-corvettes ngo-Epreli ka-2014, kunye nemali-mboleko yeBhanki yeBarclays yeejethi zeHawk kunye ne-Gripen ngo-Okthobha 2020. Kwakhona waqinisekisa iimali zizonke eziza kuhlawulwa kwimali-mboleko nganye. phakathi kuka-2014 kunye naloo mihla.
Ukulungelelanisa ukuhla kwamandla emali, ndithabathe isixa ebekuxelwe ngaso njengesingekahlawulwa (kokubini kwimali eyinkunzi nenzala kwimali-mboleko), ndiyahlulahlule ngokulinganayo ngonyaka de kube ngumhla wokugqibela wentlawulo, ndize ke ndihlengahlengise unyaka ngamnye ukuhla kwamandla emali. Ukusebenzisa umzekelo weBhanki yeBarclays kwakhona, sifumana la manani:
Umfundi onenkathalo ebeya kuqaphela into ebalulekileyo: xa usondela kunyaka ka-2020, kokukhona ukuhla kwamandla emali kuncipha. Ngoko ke, kunokwenzeka ukuba uqikelelo lwam luphezulu kakhulu, kuba kunokwenzeka (nangona kungenakwenzeka) ukuba ezinye zeentlawulo zenzala zenziwe ngokusondeleyo kwi-2020 kuno-2014.
Ukuphikisa oku kukuba ingxelo kaDonaldson inike izixa-mali ekufuneka zihlawulwe ngokwamanani erandi. Nangona kunjalo, iimali-mboleko zenziwa kumxube weeponti zaseBritane, iidola zaseMelika kunye nekrone yaseSweden. Xa kujongwa ukubethabethana kwerandi kuzo zonke ezi mali ukusukela ngo-2014, kusenokwenzeka ukuba izixa zerandi ezihlawulweyo bezingaphezulu kunoko bekutshiwo ngu-Donaldson ukuba kuya kuba njalo phakathi kuka-2014 no-2020.
Ngokuphuma kwesi silumkiso, ngoku sinokongeza zonke iimali ezilungelelanisiweyo zokunyuka kwamaxabiso, ukuya kwixabiso lilonke le-R142.864 yebhiliyoni kumaxabiso ka-2020:
