Amajoni ase-US aqhekeza ikhaya e-Baquba, e-Iraq, ngo-2008 Ifoto: Reuters
NguMedea Benjamin noNicolas JS Davies, World BEYOND War, Matshi 15, 2023
I-19 kaMatshi ibonisa i-20th isikhumbuzo se-US kunye ne-Bhritane ukuhlasela eIraq. Esi siganeko sibalulekileyo kwimbali emfutshane yenkulungwane yama-21 asiqhubeki nje sithwaxa uluntu lwase-Iraq kude kube namhlanje, kodwa sikwabonakala sisikhulu phezu kwengxaki ekhoyo e-Ukraine, isenza ukuba akunakwenzeka kuninzi lweGlobal South ukubona imfazwe e-Ukraine ngeprism efanayo ne-US kunye nezopolitiko zaseNtshona.
Ngoxa i-US yakwazi ingalo eyomeleleyo Amazwe angama-49, kubandakanywa nabaninzi kuMzantsi weGlobal, ukujoyina "imanyano yabo bazimiseleyo" ukuxhasa ilizwe elizimeleyo lase-Iraq, yi-UK kuphela, i-Australia, iDenmark kunye nePoland eneneni igalelo lomkhosi kumkhosi wohlaselo, kwaye kwiminyaka engama-20 edlulileyo. Ungenelelo oluyintlekele lufundise amazwe amaninzi ukuba angazibophisi iinqwelo zawo kubukhosi base-US obuxengaxengayo.
Namhlanje, izizwe ezikuMzantsi weGlobal zinento eninzi kakhulu wala Izibongozo zase-US zokuthumela izixhobo e-Ukraine kwaye ziyathandabuza ukuthobela izohlwayo zaseNtshona kwiRashiya. Kunoko, zingxamisekile ebiza ukuze idiplomacy iphelise imfazwe ngaphambi kokuba inyuke ibe kukungquzulana okupheleleyo phakathi kweRussia ne-United States, ngengozi ekhoyo yemfazwe yenyukliya ephela.
Abayili bohlaselo lwase-Iraq e-US yayingabaseki be-neoconservative beProjekthi yeNkulungwane eNtsha yaseMelika (PNAC), owayekholelwa ukuba iUnited States inokusebenzisa ukongamela kwezomkhosi okungacetywanga ifikelele ekupheleni kweMfazwe Yomlomo ukuqhubela phambili igunya lehlabathi laseMelika kwinkulungwane yama-21.
Uhlaselo lwase-Iraq luya kubonisa i-US "ulawulo olupheleleyo lwe-spectrum" kwihlabathi, ngokusekelwe koko uSenator ongasekhoyo u-Edward Kennedy. gwetywanga "njengekhwelo le-21st yenkulungwane yama-imperialism yaseMelika ekungekho nalinye ilizwe elinokwamkela okanye elifanele ukuyamkela."
U-Kennedy wayechanekile, kwaye ii-neocons zazingalunganga ngokupheleleyo. Uhlaselo lomkhosi wase-US luphumelele ukubhukuqa uSaddam Hussein, kodwa aluzange lukwazi ukumisela ulungelelwaniso olutsha oluzinzileyo, lwashiya isiphithiphithi, ukufa kunye nobundlobongela emva koko. Kwakunjalo nangongenelelo lwase-US e-Afghanistan, eLibya nakwamanye amazwe.
Kwihlabathi liphela, ukunyuka koqoqosho okunoxolo kwe-China kunye neGlobal South kudale enye indlela yophuhliso loqoqosho ethatha indawo ye-US. Iniyo-koloniyali imodeli. Ngelixa i-United States ichithe ixesha layo le-unipolar kwinkcitho yasemkhosini yeetriliyoni zeedola, iimfazwe ezingekho semthethweni kunye nemfazwe, amanye amazwe athula ngokuzolileyo akha ihlabathi elinoxolo, elinabantu abaninzi.
Kwaye, ngokumangalisayo, kukho ilizwe elinye apho iqhinga le-neocons "lokutshintsha ulawulo" liphumelele, nalapho babambelele ngamandla kulawulo: iUnited States ngokwayo. Nanjengoko uninzi lwehlabathi luye lwarhoxa luloyiko ngenxa yeziphumo zohlaselo lwase-US, iineocons zadibanisa ulawulo lwazo kumgaqo-nkqubo wamazwe angaphandle wase-US, zosulela kwaye zityhefa ulawulo lweDemocratic kunye neRiphabhlikhi ngokufanayo ngeoyile yabo yenyoka ekhethekileyo.
Abezopolitiko kunye nemithombo yeendaba bathanda ukukhupha umoya wokuthatha ii-neocons kunye nokuqhubeka kolawulo lomgaqo-nkqubo wangaphandle wase-US, kodwa ii-neocons zifihlwe kwindawo ecacileyo kwi-echelons ephezulu yeSebe leSizwe laseMelika, iBhunga leSizwe loKhuseleko, i-White House, iCongress kunye nempembelelo. iitanki zokucinga ezixhaswa ngemali yinkampani.
Umseki we-PNAC uRobert Kagan ngumntu ophezulu kwiZiko laseBrookings kwaye wayengundoqo umxhasi kaHillary Clinton. Umongameli uBiden wonyula inkosikazi kaKagan, uVictoria Nuland, owayengumcebisi kumgaqo-nkqubo wezangaphandle kuDick Cheney, njengoNobhala wakhe oPhantsi weMicimbi yezoPolitiko, indawo yesine ephezulu kwiSebe likaRhulumente. Kwakusemva kokuba edlale i ukukhokela Indima yase-US kwi-2014 ubukuqo-mbuso e-Ukraine, eyabangela ukuqhekeka kwayo kwelizwe, ukubuya kweCrimea eRashiya kunye nemfazwe yamakhaya eDonbas eyabulala ubuncinane abantu be-14,000.
Umphathi we-Nuland, uNobhala kaRhulumente u-Antony Blinken, wayengumlawuli wabasebenzi beKomiti ye-Senate Foreign Relations kwi-2002, ngexesha leengxoxo malunga nokuhlaselwa kwe-US e-Iraq. UBlinken uncede usihlalo wekomiti, uSenator uJoe Biden, i-choreograph iindibano zovakaliso-zimvo ezaqinisekisa inkxaso yekomiti emfazweni, ngaphandle kwawo nawaphi na amangqina angasixhasi ngokupheleleyo isicwangciso semfazwe seeneocons.
Akukacaci ukuba ngubani ngokwenene obiza umgaqo-nkqubo wezangaphandle kulawulo lukaBiden njengoko usiya kwiMfazwe yeHlabathi yesiThathu kunye neRussia kwaye uxhokonxa ungquzulwano neTshayina, ekhwele iphulo likaBiden. thembiso "ukuphakamisa idiplomacy njengesixhobo sokuqala sokuzibandakanya kwethu kwihlabathi." I-Nuland ibonakala ngathi mpe mbelelo kude ngaphaya kwenqanaba lakhe ekubunjweni kwe-US (kwaye ke ngoko iUkraine) umgaqo-nkqubo wemfazwe.
Into ecacileyo kukuba uninzi lwehlabathi lubonile nge buxoki kunye nokuhanahanisa komgaqo-nkqubo wamazwe angaphandle wase-US, nokuba i-United States ekugqibeleni ivuna isiphumo sezenzo zayo ekwaleni kwe-Global South ukuba iqhubeke idanisa kumculo wombhobho wepied waseMelika.
Kwi-UN General Assembly ngoSeptemba 2022, iinkokeli zamazwe angama-66, ezimele uninzi lwabemi behlabathi, bongoza kuba idiplomacy noxolo eUkraine. Ukanti iinkokeli zaseNtshona zisazihoya izicelo zazo, zibanga ukuba bodwa kubunkokeli bokuziphatha abaphulukana nazo nge-19 kaMatshi ka-2003, xa i-United States ne-United Kingdom zakrazula i-UN Charter zaza zahlasela i-Iraq.
Kwingxoxo yephaneli "ngokukhusela i-Charter ye-UN kunye neMithetho eSekwe kwiMithetho yaMazwe ngamazwe" kwiNkomfa yoKhuseleko yaseMunich yakutshanje, abathathu bamaqela-abasuka eBrazil, eColombia naseNamibia-ngokucacileyo. ziweyo Iimfuno zaseNtshona zokuba amazwe abo aqhawule ubudlelwane neRussia, kwaye endaweni yoko athethe uxolo eUkraine.
Umphathiswa Wezangaphandle waseBrazil uMauro Vieira ucele onke amaqela alwayo ukuba “akhe amathuba esisombululo. Asinakuqhubeka sithetha ngemfazwe kuphela.” USekela Mongameli uFrancia Márquez waseColombia ucacise wathi, “Asifuni kuqhubeka sixoxa ukuba ngubani ozakuphumelela okanye ophulukene nemfazwe. Sonke silahlekile kwaye, ekugqibeleni, luluntu olulahlekelwa yiyo yonke into. "
Inkulumbuso uSaara Kuugongelwa-Amadhila waseNamibia washwankathela iimbono zeenkokheli zeGlobal South kunye nabantu bazo: "Ujoliso lwethu kukusombulula ingxaki ... hayi ekubekeni ityala," utshilo. “Sikhuthaza isicombululo soxolo kolo ngquzulwano, ukuze ihlabathi lonke nabo bonke ubuncwane behlabathi bugxininise ekuphuculeni iimeko zabantu ehlabathini lonke endaweni yokuba kuchithwe ekufumaneni izixhobo, ekubulaleni abantu nasekudaleni ubutshaba. .”
Ke zithini iineocons zaseMelika kunye nabakhonzi bazo baseYurophu kwezi nkokeli zinengqiqo nezidumileyo zisuka kuMzantsi weHlabathi? Kwintetho eyoyikisayo, efana nemfazwe, umphathi wenkqubo yezangaphandle ye-European Union uJosep Borrell xelelwe Inkomfa yaseMunich yokuba indlela yaseNtshona "yokwakha kwakhona ukuthembana kunye nentsebenziswano nabaninzi kwindawo ebizwa ngokuba yiGlobal South" kuku "dexisa ... eli bali lobuxoki ... lomgangatho ophindwe kabini."
Kodwa imigangatho ephindwe kabini phakathi kweempendulo zaseNtshona kuhlaselo lweRussia eUkraine kunye namashumi eminyaka yobundlobongela baseNtshona ayiyongxelo yobuxoki. Kumanqaku angaphambili, siye sakwenza oko ziweyo indlela iUnited States namahlakani ayo eye yaphosa ngayo iibhombu nemijukujelwa engaphezu kwama-337,000 2001 kwamanye amazwe phakathi kowama-2020 nowama-46. Lowo ngumlinganiselo wama-20 ngosuku, usuku nosuku, kangangeminyaka engama-XNUMX.
Irekhodi lase-US lihambelana ngokulula, okanye ngaphandle kwempikiswano, ukungabikho semthethweni kunye nenkohlakalo yolwaphulo-mthetho lwaseRashiya e-Ukraine. Nangona kunjalo i-US ayikaze ijongane nezohlwayo zezoqoqosho kuluntu lwehlabathi. Ayizange inyanzeliswe ukuba ihlawule imbuyekezo yemfazwe kumaxhoba ayo. Inika izixhobo kubahlaseli endaweni yamaxhoba ohlaselo ePalestine, Yemen nakwezinye iindawo. Kwaye iinkokeli zase-US-kuquka uBill Clinton, uGeorge W. Bush, uDick Cheney, uBarack Obama, uDonald Trump, kunye noJoe Biden-abakaze batshutshiswe ngolwaphulo-mthetho lwamazwe ngamazwe lobundlobongela, ulwaphulo-mthetho lwemfazwe okanye ulwaphulo-mthetho oluchasene noluntu.
Njengoko siphawula isikhumbuzo seminyaka engama-20 yohlaselo lwase-Iraq olutshabalalisayo, masizibandakanye neenkokeli zeGlobal South kunye nesininzi sabamelwane bethu kwihlabathi liphela, kungekuphela nje ekubizeni iingxoxo zoxolo olukhawulezileyo ukuze kupheliswe imfazwe yaseUkraine ekhohlakeleyo, kodwa nasekwakhiweni kokwenyani. Ucwangco olusekelwe kwimithetho yezizwe ngezizwe, apho imigaqo efanayo-kunye neziphumo ezifanayo kunye nezohlwayo zokwaphula loo mithetho-zisebenza kuzo zonke iintlanga, kuquka nezethu.
UMedea Benjamin kunye noNicolas JS Davies bangababhali be Imfazwe e-Ukraine: Ukwenza ingqiqo yongquzulwano olungenangqiqo, epapashwe ngabakwa-OR Books ngoNovemba wama-2022.
UMedea uBenjamin ngumseki we CODEPINK yoxolo, kunye nombhali weencwadi ezininzi, kubandakanya Ngaphakathi kwe-Iran: Imbali Yembali kunye nezopolitiko zeRiphabhliki yase-Iran.
UNicolas JS Davies yintatheli ezimeleyo, umphandi nge-CODEPINK kunye nombhali we Igazi ezandleni zethu: Invasion yaseMelika kunye nokuTshatyalaliswa kwe-Iraq.
UNicolas JS Davies yintatheli ezimeleyo, umphandi nge-CODEPINK kunye nombhali we Igazi ezandleni zethu: Invasion yaseMelika kunye nokuTshatyalaliswa kwe-Iraq.
