NguCJ Hinke
Excerpted kusuka Ama-Radicals amahhala: Abahlaseli beMfazwe entolongweni nguCJ Hinke, ozayo ukusuka kwi-Trine-Day kwi-2016.
Ubawo, uRobert Hinke, wayengakhethi kwezopolitiko. Kwakungekho unqulo. Nangona kunjalo, wayeyi-pacifist epheleleyo.
Xa ndiseyinkwenkwana encinane, wangithatha kwenye yeendlela ezininzi ezichasene nesigwebo sokufa seentlola zee-athomu, uEthel noJulius Rosenberg. Wayenomdla kwaye wayicacisa ubomi bakhe ngokuchasene nesigwebo sokufa, impazamo engenakuze yenzeke.
Ubaba wayeneminyaka yobudala xa i-US iphosa kwiMfazwe yehlabathi II. Ukuba wayesazi malunga nonembeza, ndandingazange ndive oko. Andizange ndimbone ukuvota.
Wayengumdlali webhola eRuthgers. Xa ebizwa ngokuba ngumzimba oqulunqwe ngumzimba, wathintela omnye umdlali ukuba aphule impumlo ngokunyelisa unina. Xa abaphathi bamatyala bamxelela ukuba wayesakwazi ukulwa, wathwala umdlali webhola omnye ukuba aqhube naye ekhaleni. Wayehluleka okwesibini kwenyama-i-septum ekhethiweyo yayithetha ijoni elingenakugqoka i-maski.
Ndivela 'kwidada kunye nesizukulwana'. Sasifundiswa esikolweni ukuba sifihle phantsi kweedesksi zethu size sigubungele iintloko zethu zisisindise kwibhomu!
Andizange ndibe ngumfana ovukelayo. Ukumisela ukuthembeka kwiflegi kusona sizathu sokuba ndimisele ilungelo ukusuka kwesobunxele. Kodwa, ngokujoyina iCub Scouts, ukubonakala kwindibano ukuthatha isibambiso, ndazi ukuba andinakugqoka iifomu kwaye ndilandele imiyalelo; Ndaphonsa phantsi i-pin yangu ngenyameko kwaye ndanyuka kwinqanaba.
Ndingu 13 kwi-1963, xa iKomiti yeSizwe ye-SANE yeNuclear Inkqubo ihamba ngedolophu yasekuhlaleni yaseNutley, eNew Jersey, ekhokelwa ngu-Dkt. Benjamin Spock (1903-1998). Ndafunda iphepha le-SANE malunga nokutshatyalaliswa ngokuqinisekileyo.
Ngaphandle kokungabaza kwangoko, ndajoyina umbutho we-SANE ukuya kwiZizwe eziManyeneyo ukuxhasa iNkontrakthi ye-Nuclear Test Ban Treaty. Oku kwakubanjelwe kuqala ukungahloneli kwabantu. KwiMangcwaba yesiXeko saseNew York, ndadibana nabokuqala bamadoda angqingili kwaye ndafunda ukudlala i-Blackjack ngisebenzisa iteksi ngemali.
Ukususela kweli nqanaba, ndafunda yonke into endiyifumanayo malunga neHiroshima neNagasaki, kunye nokuhlolwa kwezixhobo zenuzi. Ndaqala ukufunda ulwimi lwesiJapan kunyaka ozayo ukwenzela ukuba sondele ngakumbi kulo mbandela kunye nolwaphulo-mthetho olubi olwenziwa nguMelika kwiJapan kunye nehlabathi.
Uhlobo lwam osapho lwandifaka kwiintlanganiso ezingapheliyo zonqulo kunye nonqulo lwabo loxolo, bebona ukukhanya kuwo wonke umntu. I-Quakers yinto yokuthula yendabuko kodwa abahlobo bam abanamdla babengenayo inkolo, kwaye andiyiyo. Akuzange kuthathe ingqalelo enkulu kwi-14 yobudala ukugqiba isigqibo sokuba andiyi kubhalisa kwi-Vietnam.
Ukubeka nje, ubhaliso lunceda umshini wemfazwe. Ukuba awukholelwa kwimfazwe, kufuneka unqabe umgaqo-nkqubo.
Kwaku malunga neli xesha ndaqala ukungafuni ukuhlawula irhafu yemfazwe kwimizuzu yam emsebenzini. Ezi zenzo zazikhokelela ngokucacileyo ekubeni ngumhlaza: Ukuba andiyi kubulala, kutheni ndimele ndihlawule umntu ukuba enze ukubulala kwam kum. Andizange ndiyazi naziphi izityalo zemifuno; Kwaye ndandingazange ndive nantoni nayiphi na kodwa kwakungumbuzo wokwenza umsebenzi ongenalo uxolo. Ndisisidla imifuno namhlanje.
Ndaqala ukunikela lonke ixesha lam elikhululekile kumaqela ashukumo e-5 Beekman Street ephantsi kweManhattan. Ndaphuma kwi-ofisi yeSizwe soManyano yoThuseleko lwabafundi kwaye ndaqeqeshwa ngumfundisi we-American pacifists, uAJ Muste. Ndibeka imizamo yam kwi-War Resisters League kunye neKomiti Yezenzo ezingabonwayo, ngokuqhelekileyo isebenza kwiincwadi zabo zeendaba kunye nokunceda ngeposi.
Eli xesha labona ukutsha kwekhadi elivuthayo njengombhikisho wezopolitiko. Ukutshitshiswa kwekhadi kunye nokubuyiselwa kwenzeke ukususela ekuqaleni kwexesha le-SSA kwi-1948 kodwa ukubhujiswa kwamakhadi alwayo akuzange kwenziwe ngokungekho mthethweni kwaze kwaba yinto ekhethekileyo yeCongress yadluliselwa kwi-1965. Phakathi kweyokuqala ukutshisa, kwi-1965, yayingumhlobo wam, uMsebenzi WamaKatolika uDavid Miller, kwiNkcazo yokuThuthukiswa kweNdlela yase-Whitehall yaseNew York. I-30,000 yokurhoxiswa kweJaji ngo-Julayi 1966 iphakama kwi-46,000 ngo-Oktobha.
Iqela elincinci lethu, kuquka noDkt. Spock, wabanjwa ngaloo mini ngokutshintshela iingcango zeziko. Kodwa, ndakuzimisele ukuba andizange ndibe nekhadi loyilo lokutshisa. Kodwa ke, ndonwabela le nto yodwa yokuvukela xa elinye lam iqulunqwa lam ibhunga lam, linika isipho! Eli nyathelo lalandelwa yiKomiti yeParade yeParade yeFifth Avenue, ekhokelwa nguNorma Becker, endikuncedisa ukulungiselela ngo-Matshi 26, 1966 kunye no-Sybil Claiborne we-Greenwich Village Peace Centre.
Siye sazicingela ukuba liqela elitsha lamadoda asebuncinci, abaNtshutshiso. Ndisebenze ixesha elizeleyo leNkxaso kwaye ekugqibeleni ndakhethwa ukudibanisa kunye namaqela amaninzi ahlukileyo enza i-Mobe ekucwangciseni ukuKhuthaza kweSwitzerland ukuphelisa iMfazwe eVietnam ngo-Ephreli 15, 1967.
Oko kuwa, umfelandawonye wethu wokulwa wamatsha unqumla umda usiya eMontréal apho ubulungisa behlabathi be-1967, i-Expo '67, ibibanjelwe kwikomkhulu le-French Canada. I-US igunyazise i-geodeic dome enkulu eyilwe ngumzobi we-futurist uBuckminster Fuller kwibala layo lesizwe. Sasinxiba izikipa ezipeyintwe ngemibhalo echasene nemfazwe phantsi kweempahla zethu zasesitratweni saza sehla kwizitepsi ezizihambelayo ukuze sikhwele kubume baso. Sabanjwa ngeleli saza sasuswa, sagcinwa ngobusuku bangaphambi kokuba sikhululwe ngaphandle kwentlawulo kwiNtolongo yaseBordeaux yowe-1908. Ewe senza iindaba zamanye amazwe. Wamkelekile eCanada!
Ukuchaswa kwakuyivubelo eyakhula i-Mobe; Sasiphakamisela isonka ukuze senzeke. I-Spring Mobe yavela kwiKomidi yoLuntu lokuThuthukiswa kweMfazwe yaseVietnam, ekhokelwa nguDave Dellinger, owayekhokela i-100,000-Force Confront ye-Warmakers ehamba nge-Pentagon ngo-Oktobha 21, 1967.
I-682 yethu yabanjwa kwiPentagon, eyona nto ibalulekileyo yokubanjwa kwabantu ngokungaboniyo kwimbali yaseMerika. (Ewe, abanye abantu bafaka iintyatyambo kwimibhobho yezibhamu zeSizwe soGadadi basigcina esicaleni kwaye amanye amajoni ahlangene nathi-ndabona!)
I-Mobe yenziwe ngamaninzi amaninzi emveli kodwa ininzi ye-'Left Left ', njengabafundi beDemocratic Society kunye nabanye abachaphazelekayo malunga nemfazwe njengeKomidi yokuLungelelanisa yabafundi, abaNtsundu, iCongress of Equality Equality, i-Industrial Abasebenzi behlabathi kunye ne-Yippies.
Njengommeli wenkohlakalo, ndaya kwindibano yesizwe yokuqala yeWobblies kunye nomhlangano wokuqala wokuqala waseMelika kusukela ngoMcCarthy's Red. Ndabona umsebenzi wam njengobambe iqumrhu lokubambisana ekungabikho komthetho. Ubundlobongela bekuyiqhinga lokutshatyalaliswa koorhulumente omkhulu.
Ndandenza uqeqesho oluninzi lwabafana abancinci be-Age of Resistance. Uninzi lwabadlali bam intlanzi babeya entolongweni, bagwetywa iminyaka emithathu ukuya kweyesihlanu phantsi koMthetho wokuSebenzela iNkonzo. Ndingenakuthenjwa ngokunyanisekileyo. Ubawo akazange avuyiswe ngolu hlobo kodwa akazange azame ukundityhila, nokuba kunjalo. Ndaqala ukuqulunqa isiluleko eCanada, okubizwa ngokuba yi-'ododers 'kunye nabasemkhosini, kwaye wayevuya xa ndiwa ngeCanada Quaker intombi xa kulungiswa uDaniel Finnerty noCharles Funnell Ukuthunjwa: I-Handbook ye-Abidrant-Age Emigrant Ukuphikiswa kwe-Philadelphia kwi-1967.
Ngomhla we-Meyi 6, i-1968, iintsuku ezintlanu emva kokuzalwa kwam 18th, sasibe nomboniso phambi kweSakhiwo sase-Federal e-Newark, eNew Jersey, apho kwakusetyenziswe khona iikhemikhali kunye namacebo. Nangona kunjalo, loo mini ngaphezu kwe-1,500 yabantu, evakaliswa yiSonka kunye nePopu yaseThekwini kunye ne-General Hershey Bar, (i-parodying director of Service Selection, u-Gen. Lewis B. Hershey), yabonisa ukugubha ukungafuni ukubhalisa. Kwakungekho ncitshulwa okanye amayeza apha ngaloo mini. Iifestile zachithwa kwaye zishiya zonke iindawo zokuqeshwa kwabakwa-draftee.
Ngaphezu kwe-2,000 yabalandeli bam besayine isitatimende besithi bacebise, bancedisa kwaye bancedisa ukuba banqabe umgaqo-siseko, isenzo esithwala iimeko ezifanayo zomthetho iminyaka emihlanu entolongweni kunye ne-$ 10,000. Saziphendulela kwi-Federal Marshal e-Newark enqwenela ukundibamba. Kwaye ndandipakisha ibhoshi lokuzinyo!
Igama elithi 'evader' linomngcipheko ongenakunqandwa, njengokungathi omnye wayengumkhwa. Sifanele sitshintshe imbono kuba izinto eziphela kuphela ezihlaselayo zingabikho kokungabi nabulungisa. Ii-CO nazo zibizwa ngokuba, ngokunyanisekileyo, 'i-' shirkers 'okanye' i-slackers '. Into eyodwa into esiyifumanayo iyaxhathisa iminyango yempi.
Ndandilungiselele ukuya eKhanada. Nangona kunjalo, ndinezinto ezimbalwa ezenzayo ukuphelisa imfazwe.
Ihlobo le-1968 lichithwe kwiFama ye-Action Polaris yeKomiti ye-New England ye-Action Nonviolent Action, ejoliswe kwi-farmhouse yase-1750 e-rural Voluntown, e-Connecticut. Ngethuba lehlobo, iqela elisekuhlaleni elifanelekileyo libiza ngokuba yiMinutemen liceba ukuhlasela ifama ye-CNVA nokubulala bonke abadlali be-pacifists. Amapolisa ayazi malunga nesiqhinga kodwa akazange asitshele ngenxa yokuba bacinga (ngokufanelekileyo) ukuba siyixwayise iMinutemen.
Amaphiko amahlanu alungileyo afika ekufeni kwango-Agasti ubusuku kwaye amisa isikhali ngokuzenzekelayo kwi-tripod endle. Ngelo xesha, amaPolisa ase State Connecticut ahlasele iMinutemen kwindawo yokucima umlilo. Enye yezijikelezo zavuthela umngcipheko kumlenze womnye wabemi bethu, uRoberta Trask; wayedinga ukuhlinzwa ngokubanzi kunye nokuvuselelwa. Kwaphela iminyaka, ndabhalela enye ye-Minutemen entolongweni. I-New England CNVA ihlala njenge-Voluntown Peace Trust.
Ihlobo le-1969 lichithwe ukusebenza kunye no-Arlo Tatum, uGeorge Willoughby, uBent Andressen kunye nabanye kwiKomidi Ephakathi kwiNqabayolo yeSizwe e-Philadelphia, abaxhomekeke kwinqanaba labadala kunye nokuhlela i-11th edition ye-CCCO Handbook for Objectors Objectors. Ndine thamsanqa ukuhlala kunye nabamkeli bezobulungisa bezoxolo uWally noJanita Nelson. Andizange ndihlangabezane nabasebenzi bokuzibandakanya abazimiseleyo okanye nabani na othandanayo; babhiyozela ubomi ngazo zonke iindlela.
I-New England i-CNVA indikhethele njengommeli wayo kwiJapan ye-Japan Socialist Party kwiNgqungquthela ye-A ne-H eBom kwi-1969 ngenxa yophando lwam kwiibhomu ze-athomu kunye nolwimi lwaseJapan. Ndandingomnye wabathunywa abasemazweni angama-8 kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo mncinane.
Akukho nto eyayingilungiselela i-Hiroshima kwi-8: I-15 ngo-Agasti 6th kwi-epicenter ye-Boy Boy "'s blast blast; akukho kholi olukhulu kuxolo. Ukusebenza neZiko loBungane beSizwe elise-1965 nguBarbara Reynolds, ndichitha ixesha lam eninzi kwiibhedlele zaseHiroshima naseNagasaki i-Atomic Bomb apho abantu basesifa ngenxa yokugula kwama-70 ubudala.
Ngaphandle kwinqanaba lasejoni lase-US eNaha, eOkinawa, ndinika inkulumo ngesiJapane. Emva koko ndaphendulela izithethi ukuba ziqhube isiseko esikhulu se-US kunye nemiyalelo yokukhupha.
NgoSeptemba 1969, ndafumana ndihlala eCanada. Umsebenzi wam ozukileyo wawusebenza kunye neqoqo elikhulu lamaphepha e-archived of British bifrand Russell kwiYunivesithi yaseMcMaster. URussell wayenenkxaso enkulu kunokwenkolo ngenxa yenkokheli njengoko uHenri Barbusse, uAlbert Einstein kunye noHG Wells.
Ndaxhaswa kakhulu yi-Toronto Quaker pacifists, uJack noNancy Pocock abavula ikhaya labo laseYorkville kunye neentliziyo kubaninzi abathumba ekuthinjweni, ekuhambeni emva kweenqanawa zaseVietnam abantu baphinde baphasele ababaleki baseLatin America.
Amava am njengomcebisi oyidrafti andikhokelele ekusebenzeni noMark Satin weNkqubo yokuChasana nokuYilwa kweToronto ukuhlela kunye nokuhlaziya uhlelo lwesine lwencwadi yakhe yeManyuwali yabaDala abaDala ukuya eCanada, eyapapashwa ngo-1970. Umshicileli wencwadi, iNdlu yeAnansi Press , Ndiqale ukudibana nenye imfundo yase Rochdale College eToronto, apho ndaba ngumhlali kunye nenxalenye yezolawulo.
Umsebenzi wam ozukileyo ngelo xesha kwakuyi-Toronto's Addiction Research Foundation Foundation, uhambo olude ukusuka kwi-Rock, ukusuka kwesinye sezidakamizwa ukuya kwesinye! Ndandile iisampula zamachiza kubathengisi baseRochdale kubagqirha be-ARF ukuvavanya, ukukhusela ukhuseleko loluntu kuluntu. Ekugqibeleni ndathutha ukusuka kwi-ARF ukuya kwisibhedlele se-Whitby Psychiatric kwiphondo apho ndafumana khona i-psychiatrists yaseBrithani, uRailing Laing noDavid Cooper. Sakhubaza umatshini we-electroshock apho kwaye sithatha ezininzi zeengqondo.
Kwakuye ngeli xesha ndibenomdla kwihlobo lomzila wesitimela ongaphantsi komhla ophantsi komhlaba oye wahlela ukuthutha ukuya eKhanada naseSweden ngenxa yamadibansi aseMerika kunye nabasemthethweni abaqeshwe ngokutsha.
Ndimele ndikhankanye ukuba ubomi kwintlambo yoxolo oluxhasayo luyinto enzima ukuyilandela. Kodwa intshukumo engekho nto ifuna ukuvuselelwa rhoqo. I-noncoöperation ekhethekileyo inexesha lokuphelelwa komhla kwaye kufuneka umntu aqhubele phambili kwimicimbi emitsha, amaqhinga amatsha. Ngokungafani nabaninzi bam baxhasi be-activist bahlala e-US, ukuhamba eCanada kwakungenxa yam, njengoLowell Naeve kula maphepha, ukuvuselelwa okuvuselelayo oko kwandinceda ukuba ndihlale ndinyanisekileyo kwesazela sam kunye nemilinganiselo yokuziphatha kodwa ndihlale ukucinga kunye nokuhlalutya.
Kuya kuba yinto endikuxhomekeke kuyo ukuba ndingayisebenzisi ngokubanzi i-LSD phakathi kwabantu abatsha ngokukhuthaza ukuxhatshazwa kweqhinga. Kulukhuni ukuba ube kunye nento yonke xa kuphazamisa nabani ufana nokuzibulala. Ndiyathemba ukuba ukuzihlola ngokomoya okwenziwe ngaba psychedelics ubuya kuthi. Sifuna ...
Ngaphezulu kwamashumi eminyaka ezithathayo, ndiye ndagqamisa kwaye ndaphula into engenzileyo yokuthetha ngokuthe ngqo kum. Ingcaciso yam iye yandise kakhulu. Ngoku ndiyamkele ngokupheleleyo ingcamango yokuhlaselwa koqoqosho kunye nokutshabalalisa umatshini wobubi. Andikho sicinga ukuba umgqugquzeli ufanele enze njalo ngokucacileyo kwaye ngaloo ndlela anikezelwe. Kungcono ukwenza njalo ngasese uze uphile ukutyala enye inkomfa apho kuya kwenza okulungileyo kunqanda udlame.
Isilungiselelo "ukuthunjwa" sinokutshintsha imeko yam kodwa kungekhona ubomi bam. ECanada, andizange ndihluleke ukwazisa i-FBI yeenguqu zam idilesi. Nangona kunjalo, emva kokuba nditshutshiswa kwi-1970, abazange baxelele. Ndazi imeko yam engekho mthethweni xa ndaya eU.S. kodwa andingathwali.
Ekwindla ye-1976, ndaqasha i-cottage ye-retreat kwifama yaseBool Roberts, eWashington. Point Roberts nguMelika kuphela ngenxa yendawo engezantsi kwe-49th parallel. Inokufikelela kuphela ngamanzi aseMerika okanye ngeendlela ... ngeChanada.
Imfazwe yaseMerika yayiphelile iminyaka engaphezu konyaka. Nangona kunjalo, ngomnye ubusuku obumnyama ngoDisemba, unqonkqoza emnyango, wamisa ama-Marshals ase-US, amapolisa asekuhlaleni kunye nabaphathi be-sheriff. Xa ndibaxelele ukuba ndingumKhanada kwaye ndiza kuphuma emotweni yabo xa sifika emngceleni, bendicebisa ukuba ndigqoke ngokufudumele.
Baxhunyiwe kwaye baxhunyiwe ngesandla, bangifaka kwisikebhe esincinci se-aluminium kwi-70-foot Foot cutter cutter kunye nabasebenzi be-15 amadoda. Xa abafana, bonke bancinci kunam, babuza into endiyenzile, bamangaliswa; kumntu, bacinga ukuba lo mbhalo uphelile. Kungoko ke ndafika e-Whatcom County Jail. Ukuze ndidibanise abaxhasi bam ababebuthelela ejele, ba ndihambisa i-incommunicado kwi-King County Jail e Seattle. Ndazila ukudla kwaze kwaba nguMongameli omtsha.
Ndandingumntu wokugqibela waseMelika oboshwe kwi-Vietnam, kwaye owokuqala waxolelwa.
UJimmy Carter wakhethwa nguMongameli ngoNovemba we-1976. Ngomhla emva kokuba ethathe isikhundla, uJanuwari 21, 1977, umsebenzi wokuqala weCarter njengoMongameli nguMshumayeli we-4483 oxolela ngaphandle kwabo bonke abo batyholwa ngumthetho olwaphulo mthetho ukusuka kwi-1964 ukuya kwi-1973. Kuquka mna-ndahamba! Imibhiyozo enkulu yabalandeli babanjwe kwiCawa yaseCapitol Hill Methodist.
Ngenxa yesimo sam esiphezulu kwintlalo yokuthula yaseMerika, ndiqalise le ngxoxo kwi-1966 xa ndandineminyaka eyi-16 ubudala. Ndikulindele ngokupheleleyo ukuya ejele ngenxa yoluhlu kwaye ndandifuna ukuxhaswa. Ngokukhawuleza ndabona ukuba aba dliwano-ndlebe babeza kubakho ukukhuthazwa kunye nokukhuthazwa kwabanye abahlaziyili bokuqala njengoko bebenjalo kum.
Ngaphezu koko, ubuhlobo bam kunye nala maqhinga angenangqondo ndiqinisekisile ukuba isazela sasiholele ekuzibopheleleni, ukuzibophelela ekukhonteni, ukungahloneli, ukwenqaba ukungenanto. Ama-pacicists amakhulu athatha ixesha elide elivela kwintlekele yesigqila ukuba ibe yinto engapheliyo.
Ndagqiba kwelokuba ndiwenze lo mzimba womsebenzi ube yincwadi enokubelana ngayo. Umhlobo wePalifist, imbongi uBarbara Deming, yanyatheliswa nguRichard Grossman eNew York. Ngentetho yakhe, uDick wavuma ukupapasha le ncwadi. UDick wanginika i-$ 3000 kwangaphambili kwaye wavumela ukuba sihlale kwindlu yakhe ye-Lower East Side ngenyanga. Nangona kunjalo, ndandisenkundleni yokufudukela eCanada, i-manuscript yalahleka, ndabalekela ngemali kaGrossman. (Uxolo, Dick!) Udadewethu usandul 'ukuva kwakhona kwiibhokisi zamabhankana asekhaya, emva kweminyaka engaphezulu kwe-40.
Maxa wambi ndivakalelwa njenge-Forrest Gump ye-movement ye-pacifist yanamhlanje. Ndadibana nayo yonke into, ndayibonisa yonke indawo, ndabanjwa rhoqo. Ndinelilungelo lokuba ndenziwe intsapho kwizizukulwana ezintathu ze-refuseniks ezaziwayo. Namhlanje ndenza konke okusemandleni ukuba ndibanike iimfundiso zesazela kubafundi bam.
Ndandifuna ukwazi ukuba le mibhalo yayinomdla wembali okanye ukuba yayiyimfuneko kubatshali bamelene namhla. Ekusebenzeni kwakhona ngala ndlebe ndlebe, ndifumanisa ukuba aba bafuni ukuhlwayela imbewu yefilosofi yam yobomi be-anarchism, intlalo-ntlalo, kunye ne-pacifism, ukulingana nobulungisa, inkululeko yoluntu. Ayikuhamba ngaphantsi kwam ngoku njengendoda endala njengoko beyeneminyaka xa ndiselula. Ezi ntshukumo zokhuseleko zisasifundisa yonke intsingiselo yokwenene yesibindi.
Ndandiphazamiseka kwesihloko sale ncwadi kwi-1966. Ndasebenzisa ukucaphuna kukaThoreau ndaza ndawabiza ngokuthi, "Ngokuxhatshazwa kwe-Quiet Desperation ...". Ndicinga ngoku, nangona kunjalo, eso sihloko sasiyimveliso yexesha layo, xa amadoda amancinci evakalelwa kukuba afuna ukuya entolongweni-ibanjwa kwakukhethwa okokugqibela. Andikholelwa loo nto. Ndicinga ukuba ukungathobeli komntu kwi-21 inkulungwane kufuneka kube yinto yokuqala yokukhetha ... ukuba sizinikezele kutshintsho olwenene nolunentsingiselo. Kwaye i-CD idinga ukuba neentloni! Eyona nto ingcono, ungabanjwa kwaye uphile usebenze ngolunye usuku. Yiyo inguquko engeyiyo inkululeko ...
Ukuvota ngeenyawo zam akukho nciphisa amandla omsebenzi wam. Ndibanjwe nabanye abane-1,500 kwi-Nevada yeNuclear Test Site kwi-1983; I-Quaker yayingu "iqela lamabini" (sheesh!); sivale iingalo kwaye sagijima ngokukhawuleza kwaye sifanele sifike phezu kocingo, okwenza iWackenhut goons idlale i-whack-mole-ukusixosha phakathi kweCacti kunye neeSUV. Xa ndabuzwa ngamapolisa aseburhulumenteni, ndinike igama lami ngokuthi "uMartin Luther King".
Ndakhela i-cabin kwiClayoquot Sound ukusuka ecaleni lasentshonalanga yeSiqithi saseVancouver kwi-1975. Abantu bokuqala abantu bahlala apha kwi-10,000 iminyaka. Bafika ngemisedare njengoko i-ice age yokugqibela yaphela. Ukususela kwi-1984 ukuya kwi-1987, ndikhusele ihlathi le-1,500 elidala lasePacific elidala, okokuqala kwiSiqithi saseMeres, kwindawo yam yangaphambili.
Isicwangciso sam sathathwa kubagawuli bemveli. Ndakuxhasa ukuqhuba iipikisi ezinkulu kweyona mithi ixabisekileyo ukuyenza ingabinantsingiselo kumzi mveliso ovelisa iphepha langasese kunye nekopi yephepha. Lilonke, i-12½ yeekhilomitha zesikwere sokugawulwa komhlaba okucetywayo kufakelwe iMeares Island, ngaphezulu kwama-23,000 emithi emidala. Ndiyilandele le minikelo malunga nokuthwebula umthi kuMhlaba wokuqala! incwadi, I-Ecodefense: Isikhokelo seNkundla sokuSongelwa kweenkawu yi-EF! umququzeleli uDave Foreman.
I-Sulfur Passage kwilizwe laseClayoquot kwiSiqithi saseVancouver nayo isongelwa yi-oldcut growthcut logging. Intombi yam kunye nesimboli esincinci kwindlela yokungena kuyo ukuyeka inkqubela yayo. Ngubani othethelela imithi, ukude ukuphakama kwamanzi? Emva kokuba ndibanjwe yi-helicopter, ndaziphendulela kwiNkundla ePhakamileyo ye-BC kwaye ndikhonza iintsuku ze-37 ukunyeliswa kwabantu kwiintolongo zephondo.
I-Antipodean corporado enkulu, ukulawula i-20 ¢ yeyonke idola yaseNew Zealand, yayisemva kokucima kwi-westcoast. Ndaya eNew Zealand kunye neqela labalandeli bezandla zeClaquot ukwenza ilizwi lethu live kwii-1990 Imidlalo ye-Commonwealth Games e-Auckland. Kwakhona sikwazi ukuvalela inkampani yenkampani yokuloba kunye nokuthumela ibhonon yayo yokuphanga.
Ndaphinda ndabanjwa e-Oakland, eCalifornia ngokuthintela izitimela zezithuthi kwiCompord Naval Station kwi-1987. Iqela elincinci lethu lisibekela iingoma ngeentente. Ngaphakathi kwetente, sasizisela izixhobo ezinzima kwaye sasixakekile sishiya imizila.
Emva kokufudukela eThailand, imfihlo, ininzi, ukunyanzeliswa kwezinto ezingenangqiqo kwakuchukumisa uphando lwamfundo kunye nokukhuthaza abafundi bam ukuvelisa amaphepha okukhuphisana ngamazwe ngamazwe. Ndaqalisa inkululeko yokukhusela iThailand (FACT) ngesicelo seKhomishoni yamaLungelo kaZwelonke. Akukho mntu wayethetha esidlangalaleni malunga nokunyanzeliswa kweThai apho, ngoku, urhulumente uye wavala ngaphezulu kweebhilidi zewebhu. I-FACT yatshintshela iingxoxo ezinolwazi malunga nokunyanzeliswa kwezinto ezivela kwi-taboo ukuya kwi-trendy. Ukunyanzeliswa kushiywe ingxaki yotshintshi apha.
I-FACT ithumele i-blocklists evelelekileyo karhulumente njengamanye amaxwebhu okuqala kwi-WikiLeaks kwi-2006. Ekuqaleni kwe-2007, uJulian Assange wangimema ukuba ndikhonze kwiBhodi ye-advisory international ye-WikiLeaks.
Okwangoku, ndingumsekeli we-Nonviolent Conflict Workshop eBangkok. Siyathemba ukukhuselwa ngokunyanisekileyo ngenxa yokwenzela unembeza phantsi kolawulo lwase-Thailand olusesikweni kunye nomnqophiso omde wokuphelisa ukubhaliswa ngokupheleleyo.
Ndinqwenela ngokukodwa ukwamkela ngombulelo ongazenzisiyo nothando kwizikhanyisi zalapho ezandifundisa e-5 Beekman Street: AJ Muste (1885-1967); UDave Dellinger (1915-2004) (Inkululeko); UKarl Bissinger (1914-2008), uGrace Paley (1922-2007), u-Igal Roodenko (1917-1991), uRalph DiGia (1914-2008), uJim Peck (1914-1993), uDavid McReynolds (uManyano lwaBanquli beMfazwe); UBradford Lyttle, uPeter Kiger, uMarty Jezer (1940-2005), uMaris Cakars (1942-1992) noSusan Kent, uBarbara Deming (1917-1984), uKeith noJudy Lampe, uPaul Johnson, uEric Weinberger (1932-2006), uAllan USolomonow (IKomiti yeZenzo eziNgasebenziyo, iNew York Workshop kwi-Nonviolence kunye ne-WIN Magazine); UJoe Kearns (uManyano loXolo lwaBafundi). Kwisangqa sethu esibanzi se-pacifist, uMax noMaxine Hoffer (uMhlangano wemihlobo yaMontclair); UMarjorie noBob Swann, uNeil Haworth (iKomidi eNgilane eNtsha yokuSebenza ngokuNgenabundlobongela); Wally (1909-2002) kunye noJuanita Nelson, Ernest (1912-1997) kunye noMarion (1912-1996) Bromley, (Abenzi boxolo); UArlo Tatum, uGeorge Willoughby (ngo-1914-2010), uBent Andresen, uLawrence Scott (iKomidi eliPhambili labaNtu abaNgena emkhosini). La ma-pacifists akhaliphileyo ahlala elusapho lwam lokuchasa. Babemnene kwaye benamandla ekwenzeni ilizwe elingcono lomntu wonke. Bandinika eyona mfundo yoxolo 'inkwenkwe yaseMurrican. Igcinwe unanamhla.
Kuya kuba yinto endiyikuzibandakanya ukuba ndingabandakanyeli ukunyuka kwam uxolo olubanzi kunye neempembelelo: Amagqwetha angama-radical pro bono, kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo wam): uBill Kunstler (1919-1995), uGerry Lefcourt, uLen Weinglass (1933-2011) kunye noLenny Boudin (1912-1989). Babesoloko bekhankanywa ukudideka ekukhuseleni kwethu. UTimoti Leary (1920-1996); U-Allen Ginsberg (1926-1997); I-AC Bhaktivedanta Swami (1896-1977) (Ubulumko beKrishna); UMichael Francis Itkin (i-1936-1989) (i-Gay Bishop); UPaul Krassner (oyi-Realist); I-Stokely Carmichael (iKomidi yoLungelelaniso lwabafundi); UGary Rader (1944-1973) (Chicago Area Draft Resisters); Peace Pilgrim (1908-1981); U-Mario Savio (1942-1996); UJim Forest (Ubundlelwane BamaKatolika); Aryeh Neier (iNyuvesi yaseNew York Civil Liberties Union); UAbhie Nathan (1927-2008) (ilizwi loxolo); UAbbie Hoffman (1936-1989) (Yippie!); UBob Fass (WBAI); UDee Jacobsen (Abafundi beDemocratic Society); kunye noWalter Dorwin Teague III (iKomidi lase-US ukuxhasa iNational Liberation Front yaseVietnam). Abamkeli be-nyukliya: iGrey Nun uDkt. Rosalie Bertell; Udokotela wase-Australia uDkt Helen Caldicott; Udade Megan Rice, uMichael Walli, uGregory Boertje-Obed (Uguqula ngoku iimijayi); Odade bamaCatholic Workers uRommary Lynch noKlaryta Antoszewska (i-Nevada Desert Experience). Kwaye izazi zefilosofi: uRichard Gregg (1885-1974), uGene Keyes, uGeorge Lakey, uGreen Sharp, uPaul Goodman (1911-1972), Howard Zinn (1922-2010), uDwight Macdonald (1906-1982), uNoam Chomsky.
I mpendulo
Iimbali ezimangalisayo.