nguJohn Pilger, ngoSeptemba 22, 2017, Isikhonkwane sePunch .
Esinye sezona "ziganeko" zikamabonwakude waseMelika, Imfazwe yaseVietnam, iqalile kwinethiwekhi ye-PBS. Abalawuli nguKen Burns kunye noLynn Novick. Enconywa ngamaxwebhu akhe kwiMfazwe yombango, ukuDakumba okukhulu kunye nembali yejazz, uBurns uthi ngeefilimu zakhe zaseVietnam, "Ziya kukhuthaza ilizwe lethu ukuba liqale ukuthetha kwaye licinge ngemfazwe yaseVietnam ngendlela entsha".
Kuluntu oluhlala lungenalo inkumbulo yembali kunye nokuthanda ukusasazwa “kokukhetheka” kwayo, imfazwe yaseVietnam kaBurns “entsha ngokupheleleyo” ichazwa “njengomsebenzi obalulekileyo wembali”. Iphulo layo lokubhengeza eliqaqambileyo likhuthaza umxhasi wayo omkhulu, iBhanki yaseMelika, eyathi ngowe-1971 yatshiswa ngabafundi baseSanta Barbara, eKhalifoniya, njengomqondiso wemfazwe ethiyiweyo yaseVietnam.
UBurns uthi unombulelo “kusapho lonke lweBhanki yaseMelika” “ekudala ixhasa amagqala elizwe lethu”. IBhanki yaseMelika yayiyiprop yeshishini kuhlaselo olwabulala mhlawumbi malunga nezigidi ezine zaseVietnam kwaye yatshabalalisa kwaye yatyhefa umhlaba owawunobutyebi. Bangaphezu kwama-58,000 amajoni aseMelika abulawayo, kwaye malunga nenani elifanayo kuqikelelwa ukuba athathe ubomi bawo.
Ndabukela isiqendu sokuqala eNew York. Ikushiya ungathandabuzi ngeenjongo zayo kwasekuqaleni. Umbalisi uthi imfazwe "yaqalwa ngokholo oluhle ngabantu abanesidima ngenxa yokungaqondi kakuhle, ukuzithemba okugqithisileyo kweMelika kunye nokungaqondani kweMfazwe ebandayo".
Ukunganyaniseki kwale ngxelo akumangalisi. Ukwenziwa kwe-cynical "iiflegi zobuxoki" ezikhokelela ekuhlaselweni kweVietnam yinto erekhodiweyo - i-Gulf of Tonkin "isiganeko" kwi-1964, apho iBurns ikhuthaza njengenyani, yayinye kuphela. Ubuxoki buchitha intlaninge yamaxwebhu asemthethweni, ngakumbi i Pentagon Papers, eyakhutshwa ngumpempe omkhulu uDaniel Ellsberg ngowe-1971.
Kwakungekho ukholo oluhle. Ukholo lwalubolile kwaye lunomhlaza. Kum - njengoko kufanele kube njalo kubantu abaninzi baseMelika - kunzima ukubukela ifilimu edibanisa "ingozi ebomvu" iimephu, abantu ababuzwayo abangachazwanga, ukusika ngokungafanelekanga ukugcinwa kunye nokulandelelana kwedabi laseMelika.
Kolu chungechunge 'lweendaba eBritane-i-BBC iya kuyibonisa-akukho nto ithethwayo ngabafi baseVietnam, ngabantu baseMelika kuphela. “Sonke sikhangela intsingiselo kule ntlekele imbi kangaka,” ucatshulwe watsho uNovick. Indlela kakhulu emva kwale mihla.
Konke oku kuya kuqheleka kwabo baye babona indlela amajelo eendaba aseMelika kunye nenkcubeko ethandwayo ibhemoth eye yahlaziya kwaye yasebenzela ulwaphulo-mthetho olukhulu lwesiqingatha sesibini senkulungwane yamashumi amabini: ukusuka IiBerets eziGreen kwaye Deer Hunter ukuba Rambo kwaye, ngokwenza njalo, uye wavumela iimfazwe ezilandelayo zobundlobongela. Uhlaziyo alupheli kwaye igazi alize lome. Umhlaseli unovelwano kwaye uhlanjululwe netyala, ngelixa "efuna intsingiselo ethile kule ntlekele yoyikekayo". Ngoku uBob Dylan: “Owu, ubuphi, nyana wam onamehlo aluhlaza?”
Ndacinga "ngesidima" kunye "nokholo olulungileyo" xa ndikhumbula amava am okuqala njengentatheli eselula eVietnam: ukubukela nge-hypnotically njengoko ulusu luwela kubantwana baseNapalmed abahlwempuzekileyo njengesikhumba esidala, kunye neeleli zeebhombu ezishiye imithi igqwalile kwaye ihonjisiwe. ngenyama yomntu. UGeneral William Westmoreland, umphathi waseMelika, ubize abantu njenge "termites".
Ekuqaleni kwee-1970, ndaya kwiphondo laseQuang Ngai, apho kwidolophana yaseMy Lai, phakathi kwama-347 kunye nama-500 amadoda, abafazi kunye neentsana babulawa ngamajoni aseMerika (uBurns ukhetha "ukubulala"). Ngelo xesha, oku kwavezwa njengento engafanelekanga: "intlekele yaseMelika" (Newsweek ). Kweli phondo elinye, kuqikelelwa ukuba abantu abangama-50,000 babulewe ngexesha le-American "indawo zomlilo zasimahla". Ukubulawa kwabantu abaninzi. Yayingezondaba ezi.
Emantla, kwiphondo laseQuang Tri, kwaphoswa iibhombu ezininzi kunalo lonke elaseJamani ngexesha leMfazwe yesibini yeHlabathi. Ukusukela ngo-1975, i-ornance engaqhushumbayo ibangele ukufa kwabantu abangaphezu kwe-40,000 ikakhulu "kuMzantsi Vietnam", ilizwe laseMelika elathi "lisindisa" kwaye, kunye neFrance, yakhulelwa njengendawo eyodwa yasebukhosini.
"Intsingiselo" yemfazwe yaseVietnam ayahlukanga kwintsingiselo yephulo lokutshabalalisa abantu bomthonyama baseMelika, ukubulawa kwabantu ngobukoloniyali kwiiPhilippines, ukuqhushumba kweebhombu zeathom eJapan, ukumiselwa kwesixeko ngasinye eNorth Korea. Injongo yachazwa nguColonel Edward Lansdale, indoda edumileyo yeCIA apho uGraham Greene aseke umlinganiswa wakhe osembindini. I-Quiet American.
Ukucaphula uRobert Taber's Imfazwe yeNtakumba, uLansdale wathi, “Inye kuphela indlela yokoyisa abavukeli abangayi kunikezela, kukutshatyalaliswa. Inye kuphela indlela yokulawula ummandla onokuxhathisa, kukuwujika ube yintlango.”
Akukho nto itshintshileyo. Xa uDonald Trump wayethetha neZizwe eziManyeneyo nge-19 kaSeptemba - iqumrhu elimiselwe ukukhusela uluntu "kwisibetho semfazwe" - wathi "ulungile, uzimisele kwaye uyakwazi" "ukutshabalalisa" ngokupheleleyo iNorth Korea kunye ne-25 yezigidi zabantu. Abaphulaphuli bakhe bakhefuzela, kodwa ulwimi lukaTrump lwalungaqhelekanga.
Imbangi yakhe kumongameli, uHillary Clinton, wayezingomb’ isifuba ngokuba ukulungele “ukuyicima ngokupheleleyo” i-Iran, ilizwe elinabantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-80. Le yiNdlela yaseMelika; kuphela izithuko ezilahlekileyo ngoku.
Ukubuyela e-US, ndixakeke ngokuthula kunye nokungabikho kwenkcaso - ezitratweni, kwi-journalism kunye nezobugcisa, njengokungathi ukuchasana kunye nokunyamezela "kwizinto eziqhelekileyo" kuye kwabuyela kwi-dissidence: i-metaphoric underground.
Kukho isandi kunye noburhalarhume kuTrump odidayo, "u-fascist", kodwa phantse akukho nanye kuTrump uphawu kunye necaricature yenkqubo engapheliyo yokoyisa kunye ne-extremism.
Ziphi iziporho zemiboniso emikhulu yokulwa nemfazwe eyathatha iWashington ngeminyaka yoo-1970? Uphi ukulingana kweFrize Movement eyazalisa izitrato zaseManhattan ngeminyaka yoo-1980, ifuna ukuba uMongameli uReagan arhoxise indawo yedabi izixhobo zenyukliya eYurophu?
Amandla apheleleyo kunye nokuzingisa kokuziphatha kwezi ntshukumo zinkulu ziphumelele ubukhulu becala; ngo-1987 uReagan waye wathethathethana noMikhail Gorbachev ngeSivumelwano seNyukliya esiPhakathi esiPhakathi (INF) esathi sayiphelisa ngempumelelo iMfazwe yoMlomo.
Namhlanje, ngokwamaxwebhu ayimfihlo e-NATO afunyenwe liphephandaba laseJamani, Suddeutsche Zetung, esi sivumelwano sibalulekileyo sinokuyekwa njengoko “ucwangciso lokujolisa kwinyukliya lusanda”. Umphathiswa Wezangaphandle waseJamani uSigmar Gabriel ulumkise ngokuchasene “nokuphinda ezona mpazamo zimbi zeMfazwe Yomlomo… IYurophu isoyikiswa kwakhona ngokuba yindawo yoqeqesho lomkhosi kwizixhobo zenyukliya. Kufuneka siphakamise amazwi ethu ngokuchasene noku. "
Kodwa hayi eMelika. Amawakawaka abathe bangenela uSenator uBernie Sanders kwiphulo likamongameli walo nyaka uphelileyo bazimumu ngokudibeneyo kwezi ngozi. Ukuba uninzi lobundlobongela baseMelika kwihlabathi liphela alwenziwanga ngabantu baseRiphabhlikhi, okanye abantu abaguqukayo abafana noTrump, kodwa ngabademokhrasi benkululeko, kuhlala kuyinto eqhelekileyo.
UBarack Obama unikeze i-apotheosis, ngeemfazwe ezisixhenxe ngaxeshanye, irekhodi likamongameli, kubandakanya nokutshatyalaliswa kweLibya njengelizwe lanamhlanje. Ukubhukuqwa kuka-Obama kurhulumente onyuliweyo waseUkraine kube nesiphumo ebesinqweneleka: inyibilika yemikhosi yeNato ekhokelwa yiMelika kumda osentshona waseRussia apho amaNazi ahlasela khona ngo-1941.
I-“pivot to Asia” ka-Obama ngo-2011 yabonisa ukutshintshwa koninzi lwemikhosi yasemanzini neyomoya yaseMelika ukuya e-Asiya nasePasifiki ngaphandle kwenjongo engenye ngaphandle kokujongana nokuxhokonxa iTshayina. Iphulo lehlabathi jikelele leNobel Peace Laureate lokubulala ngokungathandabuzekiyo lelona phulo libanzi lobunqolobi ukusukela nge-9/11.
Into eyaziwa e-US ngokuthi "ngasekhohlo" idibane ngokufanelekileyo kunye neyona ndawo imnyama yamandla eziko, ngakumbi iPentagon kunye neCIA, ukubona isivumelwano soxolo phakathi kukaTrump noVladimir Putin kunye nokubuyisela iRussia njengotshaba, isiseko sokungabikho kobungqina bokuphazamiseka kwayo okutyholwa kunyulo lukamongameli lwe-2016.
Elona hlazo lokwenyani kukuthathwa kwamandla ngendlela ekhohlakeleyo engakhange ivotelwe ngumMelika. Ukunyuka okukhawulezayo kwePentagon kunye neearhente zokujonga phantsi kuka-Obama zimele utshintsho oluyimbali lwamandla eWashington. UDaniel Ellsberg wayeyibiza ngokufanelekileyo ukuba lubhukuqo-mbuso. Iinjengele ezintathu eziqhuba uTrump ngamangqina ayo.
Konke oku kuyasilela ekungeneni kwezo “ngqondo zivulekileyo zichongwe kwi-formaldehyde yezopolitiko zesazisi”, njengoko uLuciana Bohne watshoyo ngenkumbulo. I-Commodified kunye nokuhlolwa kweemarike, "ukwahlukana" luphawu olutsha lwe-liberal, kungekhona abantu beklasi abakhonza kungakhathaliseki isini kunye nombala wolusu: kungekhona uxanduva lwabo bonke ukuyeka imfazwe ekhohlakeleyo ukuphelisa zonke iimfazwe.
"Ifike njani le nto?" Uthi uMichael Moore kumboniso wakhe weBroadway, Imigaqo yokuzinikela kwam, i-vaudeville ye-disaffected iseti ngokuchasene ne-backdrop ye-Trump njenge-Big Brother.
Ndiyayithanda ifilimu kaMoore, URoger kunye nam, malunga nokutshatyalaliswa kwezoqoqosho kunye nentlalontle yedolophu yakhe yaseFlint, eMichigan, kunye Sicko, uphando lwakhe malunga urhwaphilizo lwezempilo eMelika.
Ngobusuku endabukela ngabo umboniso wakhe, abaphulaphuli bakhe ababezele yimincili bavuyela isiqinisekiso sakhe sokuba “singabaninzi!” kwaye ibiza "i-impeach Trump, ixoki kunye ne-fascist!" Umyalezo wakhe ububonakala ngathi ububambe impumlo yakho kwaye wavotela uHillary Clinton, ubomi buya kuqikelelwa kwakhona.
Usenokuba unyanisile. Endaweni yokuxhaphaza nje umhlaba, njengoko esenza uTrump, i-Great Obliterator inokuba ihlasele i-Iran kwaye yabamba imijukujelwa kuPutin, awayifanisa noHitler: inhlamba ethile enikwe izigidi ezingama-27 zaseRussia ezibhubhe kuhlaselo lukaHitler.
“Phulaphula,” watsho uMoore, “ukubekela bucala okwenziwa ngoorhulumente bethu, abantu baseMerika bathandwa ngokwenene lihlabathi!”
Kwakukho ukuthula.
