nguAntonio De Lauri, Iindoda eziqhelekileyo, UEpreli 10, 2022
Imfazwe yaseUkraine yawuvuselela umdla othile oyingozi wemfazwe. Iingcamango ezifana ukuthanda izwe, imilinganiselo yedemokhrasi, icala elifanelekileyo lembali, okanye a umlo omtsha wenkululeko ziyahlanganiswa njengezinyanzeliso zokuba wonke umntu athathe inxaxheba kule mfazwe. Akumangalisi ke ukuba inani elikhulu ekuthiwa basemzini bazimisele ukuya eUkraine ukujoyina elinye icala okanye elinye.
Kutshanje ndiye ndadibana nembinana yabo kumda wePoland neUkraine, apho ndandiqhuba udliwano-ndlebe neqela lemiboniso bhanyabhanya laseNorway elinamajoni nabalweli bamanye amazwe ababengena okanye bephuma kummandla wemfazwe. Abanye babo abazange balwe okanye "baqeshwe" njengoko bengenawo amava asemkhosini okanye inkuthazo efanelekileyo. Liqela elixubeneyo labantu, abanye babo bachithe iminyaka emkhosini, ngelixa abanye besenza inkonzo yasemkhosini kuphela. Bambi baneentsapho emakhayeni ezibalindileyo; abanye, akukho khaya banokubuyela kulo. Bambi baneentshukumisa ezinamandla zeengcamango; abanye bazimisele nje ukudubula into okanye umntu. Kukwakho neqela elikhulu lamajoni awayesakuba ngamajoni aguqukela kumsebenzi wobuntu.
Njengoko sasiwela umda singena eUkraine, omnye owayesakuba lijoni laseUnited States wandixelela oku: “Isizathu sokuba abaninzi abadla umhlala-phantsi okanye ababefudula bengamajoni bafudukele kumsebenzi wokunceda abantu ngokulula sisenokufuna imincili.” Nje ukuba ushiye emkhosini, owona msebenzi usondeleyo onokukusa “kwindawo yolonwabo,” njengoko omnye watshoyo, ebhekisa kwindawo yemfazwe e-Ukraine, ngumsebenzi wobuntu-okanye, enyanisweni, uthotho lwamanye amashishini akhulayo ukusondela kwemfazwe, kubandakanywa iikontraka kunye nemisebenzi yolwaphulo-mthetho.
“Sizii-adrenaline junkies,” utshilo owayesakuba lijoni laseMelika, nangona ngoku efuna ukunceda abantu nje, into ayibona “njengenxalenye yenkqubo yam yokuphilisa.” Into abafana ngayo abaninzi kumajoni angaphandle kukufuna injongo yobomi. Kodwa kuthini oku ngoluntu lwethu ukuba, ukukhangela ubomi obunenjongo, amawaka akulungele ukuya emfazweni?
Nantsi lapho ubuxoki obuphambili ebonakala ngathi icebisa imfazwe inokuqhutywa ngokweseti eyamkelekileyo, esemgangathweni kunye nemithetho engabonakaliyo. Inikela ingcamango yemfazwe yokuziphatha kakuhle apho kutshatyalaliswa amaxhoba omkhosi kuphela, amandla asetyenziswa ngokugqithiseleyo, yaye okulungileyo nokubi kuchazwa ngokucacileyo. Le rhetoric isetyenziswa ngoorhulumente kunye nepropaganda yeendaba ezininzi (kunye ne ishishini lomkhosi celebrating) ukwenza imfazwe yamkeleke ngakumbi, nokuba nomtsalane, kubantu abaninzi.
Nantoni na ephambukayo kule ngcamango yemfazwe efanelekileyo kunye nehloniphekileyo ithathwa njengento ekhethekileyo. Amajoni ase-US ukungcungcuthekisa amabanjwa e Abu Ghraib: ngaphandle. Amajoni aseJamani ukudlala ngokakayi lomntu e-Afghanistan: ngaphandle. I Ijoni laseMelika owangena kwindlu ngendlu kwilali yase-Afghan, ebulala abantu be-16 kuquka nabantwana abaliqela ngaphandle kwesizathu: ngaphandle. Ulwaphulo-mthetho lwemfazwe olwenziwe ngu Amajoni aseOstreliya e Afghanistan: ngaphandle. Amabanjwa aseIraq athuthunjiswa ngu imikhosi yaseBritani: ngaphandle.
Amabali afanayo avela kwimfazwe ekhoyo eUkraine nayo, nangona uninzi “lukaqinisekiswa.” Ngemfazwe yolwazi ephazamisa umahluko phakathi kokwenyani kunye nentelekelelo, asazi ukuba kwaye nini siya kukwazi ukuqinisekisa iividiyo ezinje ngenye ebonisa ijoni laseUkraine lithetha efowunini nomama wejoni laseRussia elibuleweyo kwaye lihlekisa ngaye. yena, okanye Amajoni aseUkraine ukudubula amabanjwa ukubenza benzakaliswe ngokusisigxina, okanye iindaba malunga namajoni aseRashiya axhaphaza abafazi ngokwesondo.
Zonke ngaphandle? Hayi. Yiloo nto kanye eyiyo imfazwe. Oorhulumente benza iinzame ezinkulu zokuchaza ukuba ezi ziganeko azikho emfazweni. Bade benze ngathi bayamangaliswa xa kubulawa abantu abaqhelekileyo, nangona ukujoliswa kwabantu ngokucwangcisiweyo kuluphawu lwazo zonke iimfazwe zanamhlanje; umzekelo, ngaphezulu Ama-387,000 abahlali babulawa kwiimfazwe zasemva kwe-9/11 zase-US kuphela, ezinokufa ngakumbi ngenxa yeempembelelo ezibuyisela umva kwezo mfazwe.
Ingcamango yemfazwe ecocekileyo nesebenzayo bubuxoki. Imfazwe yindawo enesiphithiphithi yeendlela zomkhosi ezidityaniswe nobuntu, ukwaphulwa, ukungaqiniseki, amathandabuzo kunye nenkohliso. Kuyo yonke imimandla yokulwa iimvakalelo ezinjengoloyiko, ihlazo, uvuyo, imincili, ukothuka, umsindo, inkohlakalo, kunye novelwano zikho kunye.
Siyazi nokuba zeziphi na izizathu zokwenyani zemfazwe, ukuchonga utshaba yeyona nto ibalulekileyo kuyo yonke iminxeba yongquzulwano. Ukuze ukwazi ukubulala-ngokucwangcisiweyo-akwanelanga ukwenza abalwi bangayinaki intshaba, ukuyicekisa; Kukwayimfuneko ukubenza babone kutshaba umqobo kwikamva elingcono. Ngesi sizathu, imfazwe ihlala ifuna ukuguqulwa kwesazisi somntu ukusuka kwimeko yomntu ukuya kwilungu leqela elichaziweyo, nelithiyiweyo lotshaba.
Ukuba ekuphela kwenjongo yemfazwe kukuphelisa utshaba ngokwasemzimbeni, singasichaza njani ke isizathu sokuba ukuthuthunjiswa nokutshatyalaliswa kwemizimba efileyo nabaphilayo kusenziwa ngogonyamelo olunjalo kumabala edabi amaninzi? Nangona ngokwentetho engaqondakaliyo ugonyamelo olunjalo lubonakala lungenakucingelwa, kuyenzeka ukuba nomfanekiso-ngqondweni xa obuleweyo okanye ongcungcuthekiswayo elungelelaniswa neentetho ezithob’ isidima ezibabonisa njengabaphangi, amagwala, abangcolileyo, abangento yanto, abangathembekanga, abakhohlakeleyo, abangathobeliyo—umboniso ohamba ngokukhawuleza kumajelo asekuhlaleni nasekuhlaleni. . Ubundlobongela bemfazwe lilinge elimangalisayo lokuguqula, ukucacisa ngokutsha kunye nokuseka imida yentlalo; ukungqina ubukho bomntu kunye nokukhanyela obomnye. Ke ngoko, ubundlobongela obuveliswa yimfazwe ayisiyonyani nje inamandla, kodwa luhlobo lonxibelelwano lwentlalo.
Kulandela ukuba imfazwe ayinakuchazwa ngokulula njengemveliso yezigqibo zezopolitiko ezivela phezulu; kukwamiselwa ngokuthatha inxaxheba namanyathelo okuqala asuka ngezantsi. Oku kunokuthatha uhlobo lobundlobongela obunoburhalarhume obugqithisileyo okanye ukuthuthunjiswa, kodwa kwakhona njengokuchasa ingqiqo yemfazwe. Yimeko yabasebenzi basemkhosini abachasayo ukuba yinxalenye yemfazwe okanye uthumo oluthile: imizekelo isukela Ukungavumi ukuya emkhosini ngenxa yesazela ngexesha lemfazwe, ukubeka kwindawo ecacileyo njengemeko ye Fort Hood Three owala ukuya eVietnam ecinga ukuba imfazwe “ingekho mthethweni, inokuziphatha okubi, nengekho sikweni,” kunye nokwala kwemfazwe. Umkhosi weSizwe waseRashiya ukuya eUkraine.
ULeo Tolstoy wabhala: “Imfazwe ayilunganga yaye imbi kangangokuba bonke abayilwayo bamele bazame ukucinezela isazela sabo. Kodwa kufana nokubamba umoya wakho ngaphantsi kwamanzi—awunakukwazi ukwenjenjalo ixesha elide, nokuba uqeqeshiwe.
UAntonio De Lauri nguNjingalwazi woPhando kwiChr. I-Michelsen Institute, uMlawuli weZiko laseNorway leZifundo zoLuntu, kunye negalelo kwiindleko zeProjekthi yeMfazwe yeWatson Institute yeMicimbi yamazwe ngamazwe kunye noLuntu kwiYunivesithi yaseBrown.
