NguMateyu Hoh
Iveki edlulileyo iindleko zokuxhatshazwa kunye Ukuziphatha kakubi phambi kweNtshaba zacetyiswa malunga noSergeant Bowe Bergdahl. Okubuhlungu kukuba, uSergeant Bergdahl waphinde wabethela esiphambanweni, kungekho bungqina okanye uvavanyo, kwiindawo eziqhelekileyo, ezongezelelekileyo kunye nezentlalo. Ngaloo mini uSergeant Bergdahl wanikezwa njengombingelelo ngokuyinhloko kwizombusazwe zaseRephabliki, ii-bloggers, pundits, ii-hawks hawks kunye ne-jingoists, ngoxa i-Democrats yayingathethi nje ngokuba uSergeant Bergdahl wayexhomekeke ngekhompyutha kunye nedijithali ekugqibeleni kweNkqantosi yeMfazwe kwi-Terror, uMongameli Ashraf UGhani waqhwaba, ngomntu, yi-American Congress. Iziganeko ezinjalo, nokuba zilungelelwe okanye zenzeke ngengozi, zivame ukubonakala kwiimbali zombhalo okanye ze-cinematic, kodwa zenza njalo, zibonakalisa ngokwazo ngobomi bokwenene, zivame ukubonakala zixubusha ubuhle kunye neendlela ezimbi zentlalo ngenxa yokuqhubela phambili kweengxelo zezopolitiko.
Ingxaki ngale nto yenzekayo kwabo basekunene, ukuzibandakanya kwimibono yempumelelo yamajoni aseMelika phesheya, kunye nakwabo basekhohlo, banqwenela ukubonisa ukuba iiDemokhrasi zinokuba nzima njengeRiphabhlikhi, kukuba inyani inokungenelela. Kwabanxunguphalo nokuxakaniseka kwabaninzi e-DC, uSergeant Bergdahl angangqina abe ligorha elingenabugovu, ngelixa uMongameli uGhani angadlala isela, kunye nokuhamba kukaSergeant Bergdahl kwiyunithi yakhe e-Afghanistan kunokuthi kuqondwe njengokulungileyo kunye nexesha lakhe njengebanjwa yomgaqo-nkqubo wemfazwe, ngelixa u-Mongameli u-Obama eqhubeka nokuxhasa urhulumente e-Kabul, ngokuhlawula abantu baseMelika kunye nabarhafi, uya kwamkelwa ngokuziphatha okubi.
Ukungcwatywa kwiinkalo ezininzi zokusasazwa kweli veki edlulileyo kwiintlawulo ezinikwe nguSergeant Bergdahl, ngaphandle kwale CNN, ziinkcukacha zophando loMkhosi ngokunyamalala kukaSergeant Bergdahl, ukubanjwa kunye nokuthinjwa. Njengoko kutyhilwe liqela lezomthetho likaSergeant Bergdahl, Abaphenyi abangamashumi amabini anesibini bezomkhosi bayakhile ingxelo enika iinkcukacha zokumka kukaSergeant Bergdahl kwiyunithi yakhe, ukubanjwa kwakhe kunye neminyaka emihlanu njengebanjwa lemfazwe eliphikisa uninzi lwamahemuhemu amabi kunye nokuboniswa kwakhe nokuziphatha kwakhe.
Njengoko kubhaliwe kwingxelo yamagqwetha akhe angeniswe emkhosini ngo-Matshi 25, 2015, ephendula ukuhanjiswa kukaSergeant Bergdahl kwiNqaku lama-32 lokumanyelwa kwetyala lokuqala (elilingana nelomkhosi wejaji enkulu), ezi nyani zilandelayo ziyaziwa malunga noSergeant Bergdahl nexesha lakhe ngaphambi nangexesha lokuthinjwa kwakhe njengebanjwa lemfazwe :
• USergeant Bergdahl “ngumntu onyanisekileyo” “ongakhange enze ngenjongo ezimbi”;
• wayengenanjongo yokumka ngokusisigxina kwaye engenanjongo yokuwushiya umkhosi xa wayeshiya umkhosi wakhe wempi kwimpuma ye-Afghanistan ngo-2009;
• wayengenayo injongo yokujoyina i-Taliban okanye ukuncedisa intshaba;
• washiya isikhundla sakhe eyokuxela "ngeemeko eziphazamisayo kwigosa jikelele elikufutshane".
• ngelixa wayebanjelwe imfazwe iminyaka emihlanu, wahlushwa, kodwa akazange asebenzisane nabathumbi bakhe. Kunoko, uSergeant Bergdahl uzama ukuphuma ezihlandlo ezilishumi elinesibini, ngexesha ngalinye ngolwazi uya kuhlushwa okanye abulawe xa ebanjwa;
• akukho ubungqina bamasosha aseMerika afile efuna uSergeant Bergdahl.
Kwakhona, ezi ziziphumo zophando loMkhosi ngokulahleka kukaSergeant Bergdahl; ayilulo uxolo okanye iingcinga zeqela lakhe lezomthetho, oomkhosi baselwandle bajika baba ngabantu abathanda imfazwe njengam, okanye uObama abaceba iyelenqe. Iinkcukacha zala manqaku ziqulathwe kwingxelo yomkhosi, ebhalwe nguMajor General Kenneth Dahl, engakhange ikhutshwe esidlangalaleni, kodwa ngethemba lokuba iya kufumaneka eluntwini emva kwetyala lokuqala likaSergeant Bergdahl kwinyanga ezayo okanye, ukuba ukurhoxa nokungaziphathi kakuhle Uyalandelwa, ngexesha lomlo wakhe wenkundla.
Yiyiphi imicimbi eyenziwa nguSergeant Bergdahl eyayiza kumnyanzela ukuba abe mngcipheko ebomini bakhe, ukuhamba ngaphandle kokuhlengahlengiswa kwintsimi elawulwa yintshaba, ukubonelela ngolwazi kumlawuli waseMerika, abayaziwa ngoku. Siyazi ukuba iyunithi uSergeant Bergdahl wayengowetyala elithe xhaxhe phambi nasemva kokubanjwa kukaSergeant Bergdahl, iinkokheli zeyunithi zakhe zagxothwa zabekwa endaweni yazo zombini ngaphambi nasemva kokubanjwa kwakhe, kwaye, kunxibelelwano phakathi kukaSergeant Bergdahl kunye nosapho ngaphambi ukubanjwa kwakhe, uSergeant Bergdahl waye wagula kwaye ephazamisekile ngenxa yezenzo zecandelo lakhe, kubandakanya nokuhambelana nokubakho komntwana wase-Afghan.
Kuyenzeka ukuba uSergeant Bergdahl ashiye iyunithi yakhe ayokuxela ubugebenga bemfazwe okanye olunye ulwaphulo-mthetho olunobuzaza olwenziwe yimikhosi yaseMelika. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba wayezama ukuxela ukusilela kobunkokheli bakhe kwangoko okanye ibiyinto ethile, ngokujonga ngasemva, esinokuthi ngoku siyithathe njengengenamsebenzi. Isenzo esinjalo kwicandelo likaSergeant Bergdahl sinokunceda ukucacisa ukuba kutheni amaqabane akhe angaphambili, mhlawumbi kanye ngala madoda uSergeant Bergdahl ashiye ukuba enze ingxelo ngawo, abenamandla okumgweba, ezimisele ukungamxoleli ngokunyamalala kwakhe, kwaye engaguquki ekukhanyeleni kwabo ukubonisa imfesane ngokubandezeleka kwakhe ngelixa wayelibanjwa lemfazwe.
Olu lwazi lunokuthi uchaze ukuba kutheni amaTaliban akholelwa ukuba uSergeant Bergdahl wehlile emva kwe patroli kunokuba ashiye. Ukuba wayenqwenela ngokwenene, kunokuba uSergeant Bergdahl wayenokubachazela i-Taliban ngolwazi oluchasayo malunga nemikhosi yase-US ngenzame yokuvuna ubungane kwaye aphephe ukuhlushwa, kodwa ukuba wayenomsebenzi wakhe wokubika ububi, kunokuba akaqinisekanga ulwazi kwiintshaba. Oku kungachaza ukuba kutheni uSergeant Bergdahl etshela abathumba bakhe ubuxoki kunokuba adalule ukuhamba kwakhe ngokuzithandela kwipropati.
Oku kuyakuthethelela ukuba kutheni uSergeant Bergdahl eshiye isiseko sakhe ngaphandle kwesixhobo okanye izixhobo. Phambi kokuba emke kwinkampu yakhe, uSergeant Bergdahl wabuza inkokeli yeqela lakhe ukuba kuyakwenzeka ntoni xa ijoni lisishiya isiseko, ngaphandle kwemvume, ngesixhobo salo kunye nezinye izixhobo ezikhutshiweyo. Inkokeli yeqela likaSergeant Bergdahl yaphendula ngelithi ijoni liza kungena engxakini. Ukuqonda uSergeant Bergdahl ngokungalahli, kodwa ukuzama ukusebenzela uMkhosi ngokunika ingxelo yesenzo esingalunganga kwesinye isiseko kungachaza ukuba kutheni ekhethe ukungasiphathi isixhobo sakhe kwaye wakhupha igiya ngaphandle kwenkampu. USergeant Bergdahl wayengacwangcisi ukushiya, okt ukuyeka emkhosini kunye nemfazwe, kwaye akazange afune ukuzifaka engxakini ngokuthatha izixhobo kwaye akhuphe izixhobo kunye naye kwimishini yakhe engagunyaziswanga.
Ukuvezwa okunokwenzeka kwiinkokheli eziphezulu, kwaye ekugqibeleni amajelo osasazo kunye noluntu lwaseMelika, lokusweleka kwabantu okanye amanye amatyala aya kuthi enze isivumelwano sokungachazi icandelo likaSergeant Bergdahl kwanyanzeleka ukuba atyikitye emva kokunyamalala kwakhe. Izivumelwano ezingachazwanga zinokuthi ziqheleke kwilizwe labantu kwaye zikhona kwimikhosi yezomkhosi ezinje ngemisebenzi ekhethekileyo kunye nobukrelekrele, kodwa kwiiyunithi zokuhamba rhoqo zabantwana kunqabile. Ukubanjwa kukaSergeant Bergdahl lutshaba, ngokunokwenzeka ngelixa besendleleni yokuveza ulwaphulo-mthetho lwemfazwe okanye obunye ubugwenxa, ngokuqinisekileyo iya kuba luhlobo lomnyhadala oxakekileyo womyalelo oza kuzama ukufihla. Ukugqunywa okunje ngekhe kwenzeke ngaphambili kwimbali yezomkhosi yaseMelika.
Ngokufanayo nezibhengezo ezenziwe ngabaninzi bezopolitiko, iingcali kunye namajoni angaphambili ukuba uSergeant Bergdahl ashiye kuba, ngokuchaza, wayeyithiyile iMelika kwaye wayefuna ukujoyina iTaliban, umbono wokuba ubambisene kwaye wanceda iTaliban ngelixa ibanjwa lemfazwe likhutshiwe. ngophando loMkhosi. Siyazi ukuba uSergeant Bergdahl wamelana nabathimbi bakhe kwiminyaka yakhe emihlanu njengebanjwa lemfazwe. Imizamo yakhe yokubaleka, enolwazi olupheleleyo lomngcipheko obandakanyekayo ekubanjweni kwakhona, ihambelana ne Indlela yokuziphatha Amalungu onke enkonzo yaseMelika ayadingeka ukuba ahlale ngexesha lokuthunjwa ngutshaba.
Ngamazwi akhe, inkcazo kaSergeant Bergdahl yonyango ityhila ngokuqaqadeka kunye nokuqaqadeka kweminyaka emihlanu yokungabikho yedwa, ukubhengeza, ukungondleki, ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni, kunye nokuhlukunyezwa ngokwasemzimbeni nangokwengqondo. Phakathi kwezinye izizathu, ukusinda kwakhe kufuneka kungqinwe ngokuziphatha okungagungqiyo kunye namandla angaphakathi. Iimpawu ezifanayo ezamkhokelela ekubeni afune injengele yaseMelika ukuba inike ingxelo "ngeemeko eziphazamisayo" inokuba ikwangumlinganiso ofanayo wengqondo, weemvakalelo kunye nokomoya owamgcina ephila kangangesiqingatha seminyaka elishumi yokukhonkxwa ngenqindi, ukuvalelwa, nokuhlukunyezwa. Kukuqonda kwam ukuba ibanjwa lomkhosi wase-US emfazweni kunye nabaqeqeshi boqeqesho lokusinda bafunda amava kaSergeant Bergdahl ukuze baqeqeshe ngcono amalungu enkonzo yaseMelika ukuba anyamezele amava exesha elizayo njengamabanjwa emfazwe.
USusan Rice, uMcebisi ngezoKhuseleko kuZwelonke ku-Obama, wagxothwa kwaye wagxekwa kunyaka ophelileyo esithi uSergeant Bergdahl “usebenze nembeko nokwahluka”. Kuphela kwabona bantu banesidima nabanomdla kwezopolitiko phakathi kwethu abathi, ngoku besiqonda intuthumbo uSergeant Bergdahl wanyamezela, ukumelana notshaba olwalumbambe njengebanjwa, kunye nokubambelela kwakhe kwiKhowudi yokuziPhatha yomkhosi wase-US iminyaka emihlanu kwiimeko ezoyikisayo. khange asebenze ngembeko nokwahlula.
Inkalipho yokuziphatha, engokwengqondo nangokwengqondo amaxwebhu e-Army kwingxelo yayo ngoSergeant Bergdahl imele ahluke ngokucacileyo nakwabantu baseMelika abanikezela ngolu hlobo lokumkela uMongameli uGhani iveki eveki. UMongameli uGhani, owebile ukhetho lukazwelonke lwaseAfghan ngonyaka odlulileyo ngohlobo olumangalisayo nolubizwa ngokuba yi-titanic, ifumene ulwamkelo lweqhawe ngamalungu omabini ezopolitiko, uninzi lwawo luphikise ukuba uSergeant Bergdahl usefanele ukuba ulibanjwa lemfazwe.
Njengoko wenzayo kuMongameli Hamid Karzai ngo-2009, xa uMongameli Karzai weba unyulo lobongameli base-Afghanistan, uMongameli u-Obama wayalela ukuba kuqhutyekwe nemisipha kunye nemali efanayo nenkxaso yaseMelika kuMongameli uGhani. Njengo Mongameli Karzai, urhulumente kaMongameli Ghani ubunjwe ngabaphathi bemfazwe kunye nabaphathi beziyobisi. Uninzi lwabo basemagunyeni eAfghanistan banjengoSekela Mongameli wase-Afghanistan, Rashid Dostum, izaphuli-mthetho ezaziwayo zemfazwe, ngelixa abanye bengamadoda nje azenzele ubutyebi obuninzi bezilungelelanisa nezaphuli-mthetho zemfazwe kumashumi eminyaka emfazwe anegazi e-Afghanistan, njenge-Executive Chief yase-Afghanistan Abdullah Abdullah (U-Abdullah Abdullah uzibonakalise elisela elinevoti elifanelekileyo kunyulo lukazwelonke lonyaka ophelileyo kwaye wanikwa isikhundla esongezelelekileyo somgaqo-siseko we-Chief Executive). Kula madoda, ngenxa yamandla abo kunye nengeniso yabo, uMongameli u-Obama uyalele ukwehla kumkhosi wase-US ukusuka e-Afghanistan. Oku kuyakumgcina urhulumente eKabul azinzile, ngelixa ukuhanjiswa kwemali yaseMelika kuya kuvumela uthungelwano lokuxhasa, olona hlobo lukarhulumente wase-Afghanistan, ukuba lusebenze.
Nangona kunjalo, njengokuba uMongameli uGhani efuna uMongameli u-Obama aqinisekise ukuba urhulumente wase-Afghanistan uyasinda, uMongameli u-Obama ujonge kuMongameli uGhani ukuze ancede ukugcina ukuzenzisa ukuba i-United States iphumelele kwimfazwe yayo e-Afghanistan. Ngemigaqo-nkqubo yaseMelika isilele ngokumangalisayo kulo lonke elase-Greater Middle East, ngexabiso lokubandezeleka kwamashumi ezigidi zabantu, uMongameli u-Obama akakwazi ukufikelela kwezopolitiko ukubona urhulumente wase-Afghanistan, urhulumente wase-United States ebeka kwaye egcina amandla, esiwa. Ke, ubuncinci ade ashiye i-ofisi, uMongameli u-Obama uya kuqhubeka nokugcina urhulumente wase-Afghanistan ephila.
Njengoko uMongameli uGhani wayetyelele eWashington, DC, ubuxoki obukhulu bemfazwe oboyiswayo, obuhlala bubonwa kuyo nayiphi na imbali yobukhosi, bakhutshwa kaninzi. Kuko konke ukuthunyelwa kweMfazwe elungileyo, ngakumbi ngexesha likaMongameli u-Obama e-2008 kunye nexesha lakhe e-ofisini, inyani yemfazwe e-Afghanistan yile Amakhulu amawaka afile, kuquka ii-2,356 zaseMerika, amakhulu amawaka adibeneyo, ahluthwe kwaye anxinzekile, kwaye ngelixa abantu abaswelekileyo be-psychiatry bengaze baziwa ngokupheleleyo, ukucinga ukuba kufuneka ukuba inani labo kwizigidi.
I-Afghanistan phantsi kwe-Western occupation iye yahlala isizwe ngaphandle ko qoqosho, lugcinwe kuphela ngoncedo lwangaphandle. Kuphela ishishini lokuthetha ngalo ngorhwebo lweziyobisi, elibonelela ihlabathi kwi-90% ye-opium kunye ne-heroin kunye noburhulumente base-Afghan. Unyaka ngamnye, ngaphantsi komsebenzi waseNtshona, izikhulu zonyango ziye zafikelela kwiziphumo zeengxelo zonyaka.
Ukutshutshiswa kwe-Afghanistan kuye kwaphumelela phantsi kwe-American ne-NATO. Ukunqoba komkhosi kumaTaliban, wathembiswa waza waqinisekiswa ngabaphathi be-American abalandelelanayo, abazange batyeke kwaye ngoku amaTaliban anamandla ngaphezu kweyiphi na indawo ukusuka 2001. Ukuxutywa ngumsindo kumsebenzi wasemzini kunye ngaphambili oorhulumente owonakele olawulwa ngabantu abantloko, abahlali kunye nabahlali, abantu basePastun baseMpuma nase-Southern Afghanistan baqhubeka nokubonelela ngenkxaso efunekayo kwiTaliban ngamnye ngonyaka ukubulala amanqaku okurekhoda ama-Afghans abo, bobabini abahlali kwaye mikhosi.
Ngoko nje ukuba uMongameli uGhani efike ngesandla sakhe eWashington, i-quid pro quo yeyona nto ibonisa ukunyuswa kolawulo lwakhe lokuxhaswa kobuxoki beMfazwe yase-Afghanistan, uSergeant Bergdahl waphoswa kwisihlwele. Ukufa kwamanye amadoda amancinci kuthiwa kuye, ngaphandle kokuthobela ukuba abo bafana bafa ngenxa yokuba babesemfazweni e-Afghanistan, kungekhona ngenxa yezenzo okanye ukungabikho komntu oneminyaka engamashumi amabini anesibini ubudala esivela e-Idaho eqhutywa landela isazela sakhe, kwaye, ndiza kubheja, nokholo lwakhe, ngokungahambi, ukungabikho komthetho kunye nokubulala imfazwe. Okwangoku, iipolitiki zethu kunye neendaba zisitshela ukuba sinemfesane kuSergeant Bergdahl nentsapho yakhe, ngoko asikwazi ukukhathalela okanye ukubonisa uthando kwiintsapho zala madoda afile. Incoko iyabonakala njengenyaniso yendalo yonke kwaye ngoko umsindo wethu, ukukhungatheka, ukudideka, ityala, intloni nokudabuka ngenxa yemfazwe idluliselwa kwiintambo zeentlungu kunye nokuzincama. Le mpi ngaphandle kwenjongo kwaye ingapheli; kule mpi elalixilongo njengengqungquthela yokulwa nobubi, kodwa, njengokuba ingqinwe yiyo ukuziphatha okubi ukuba ndibuhlungu kunye namanye amantombazana, ndihlala kunye nolwazi lokuba i-trope of evil can often be found in ourselves, ngokuziphatha okubi njengeentshaba zethu, nanjengoko iinjengele ezingenakubalwa ezixhasayo zaza zaxhasa le mfazwe azange zibekwe tyala ngokusilela kwazo okanye zibekelwe ukuziphendulela “nethemba".
Kuye kubekho u-Alice kwiWonderland njengobungakanani bezopolitiko, imbono yomntu kunye nemfazwe, ngokugqithiseleyo kule mini yeeprojekthi zezopolitiko ezingapheliyo kunye ne-part-partism. Ukuhla kwehla, encinci enkulu, njalo njalo. I-phenomena enjalo ayimangalisi njengoko uSergeant Bergdahl, uMongameli uGhani kunye neMfazwe Elilungileyo baxutywa, kodwa into yokuba imfazwe yahluleka kwaye ayikho into enhle, uMongameli uGhani akakho ngaphezu kokukhethwa kwezonyango ezungezwe ngababulali, iziyobisi , kunye noSergeant Bergdahl, ngokuqinisekileyo, ngokoku siyazi ngoku, unokuthi abe yindoda ehloniphekileyo kuyo nayiphi na le nto, insizwa eyayibingelela kwaye ihlupheke emfazweni kwaye ngoku kuthiwa ngumgwenxa kunye nekrele, kuba mhlawumbi mhlawumbi wayezama ukuthetha inyaniso ngeMfazwe Elilungileyo.
