Xelela Inyaniso: Usuku loMkhosi weeMfazwe yiLizwe leSizwe lokuLola

NguDavid Swanson, World BEYOND War

Abanye banqwenela ukuqonda ukuba iiTumpi zihlala kwenye indawo apho ukubola kwesimo sezulu okanye i-apocalypse yenyukliya yeyona nto ixhalabisa kodwa iindawo ezivundisayo zendawo yamaSulumane aseHondur ziyaxuma kwaye zidansa kwi-Fatherland enezixhobo zamagqabhagqabha, izithintelo ezibulalayo kunye neentlobano zentlalo.

Abanye bayiphaphele into yokuba oko kubizwa ngokuba "yinto ephambili" - umbono we-pro-status-quo, amaziko olwa nophuculo-nawo ayilelwe kumzi-mveliso onqwenela amaphupha. Njengomboniso wokuqala, ndiya kunikela: Usuku lwamaVeterans.

WeSizwe IMyuziyam ukubanga ukuxelela amabali amagqala kunye nqwenela ukuba ibe "yindawo yokuhlanjululwa kwezwi lamagqala" apho "abavelisi okanye ababhali okanye abenzi beepodcasters kwixesha elizayo" beza "ngenxa yamazwi asuka kumagqala," kuvulwe nje eColumbus, eOhio. Izibonelelo zentengiso ezigidi ezingama-82 zeedola ukusuka mali karhulumente kwaye iphakamisa Iminikelo ngolu lwimi: "Isipho sakho esitsalwe kwirhafu sinceda ukuhlonipha, ukunxibelelana, ukukhuthaza, kunye nokufundisa bonke ngebali labo bakhonza ilizwe lethu ngesibindi." Akukho gama elinye malunga nokuchaneka, ukucoceka, ukwahluka kweembono, okanye ukuzimela kwengcinga.

Yintoni oza kuyibona kwaye nanga amabali- Kutheni le nto umntu ethathe isigqibo sokukhonza? Kwakunjani ukuthatha isifungo, ukukhonza emfazweni? Kwakunjani ukubuyela ekhaya? ” Iingxelo elinye iphephandaba. Umzekelo? kakuhle"Umzekelo, kukho uDeborah Sampson, umfazi waseMassachusetts owazenza umntu ukuze asebenze kwi-Revolutionary War (nditsho nokutsala iibhola ze-musket emathangeni akhe ukunqanda ukubona ugqirha, onokufumana isini sakhe sokwenyani) . Okanye u-Master Sergeant Roy Benavidez, owafumana iMedal of Honor ngokusindisa ubomi bamadoda asibhozo ubuncinci ngexesha leMfazwe yaseVietnam kwidabi leeyure ezintandathu, apho wafumana amanxeba asixhenxe emipu nasemzimbeni. ”

Ngaba iindwendwe ziyalufumana ulwazi, imfundo, umceli mngeni ekucingeni? Mhlawumbi, kodwa into umntu anokuyifunda ngale nyuziyamu ithi umntu uya "kuphefumlelwa," njengaye lo mfana: "Kwelam icala, ndifumana inkuthazo namathuba okucinga 'kumnqophiso wokugqibela' ukubonisa imbeko kwabawileyo; kwingxolo 'yeeTephu' edlala kumgangatho wesibini; kwiikiti zokutya nakwezinye izinto zemihla ngemihla eziqhutywa ngexesha lenkonzo kunye neeleta ezithunyelwe ekhaya; kwiifestile ezinemibala enemibala yeeribhoni zenkonzo yasemkhosini ngembali; kumabali otshintsho kubomi basemkhosini; kwibala elinamagqabi eSikhumbuzo ngaphandle. ”

Ukuhlonipha ngokufanelekileyo akuyona into efanayo nokufunda. Ngaphandle kokungabaza, inxaxheba enkulu emkhosini ibandakanye ubulumko kwaye ininzi ibandakanye ukwesaba. A Kwimeko enamandla kakhulu enokuyenza ukuba ezomkhosi bezingeyonto "iyinkonzo" ngengqiqo yokukhonza nayiphi na injongo eluncedo okanye ukunceda abantu kunokuba zibeke emngciphekweni, zibulale, zenzakalise kwaye zibahluphe. Ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo, izigidi azikaze "zigqibe" "ukukhonza" kwaphela kodwa ziye zanyanzeliswa ukuba zithathe inxaxheba, kwaye izigidi ezingaphezulu ziye "zakhetha" ukubhalisa ikakhulu ngenxa yokunqongophala kwawo nawuphi na umthombo ongcono womvuzo. Kuwo onke amagqala endikhe ndathetha nawo, loo pro-anti-imfazwe, akukho namnye endikhumbulayo owakhe wakhankanya ukuthatha isifungo njengenxalenye enkulu yamava emfazwe. Amabali afudumezayo omfazi ozamela emkhosini kunye nejoni elisindisa ubomi eVietnam alinakucima ibali elikhulu lamajoni abulale izigidi zabantu eVietnam kwaye amashumi ezigidi ngaphezulu emhlabeni wonke. Ngaba ngokwenene abantu "bawa" "kwidini," okanye ngaba baxhelwa kumatshini osisiyatha ongenantliziyo? Ngaba "batshintshela" kubomi bobuhlali, okanye ngaba bawela kwindlela eyothusayo yokwenzakala, ityala, i-PTSD kunye nenkcubeko? Ngaba amagqala emfazwe ahlala ephazanyiswa ziintsomi ze-apocrypha zokutshicelwa, okanye ngumbulelo ongenamsebenzi ngokwenza izinto ezimbi?

Imyuziyam yomlo ekwabonakala ngokucacileyo ukuba sisikhumbuzo semfazwe esakhiwe luluntu olwenza imfazwe oluye lwenza ukuba imeko yesiqhelo ingaphenduli loo mibuzo. Kodwa kudala ziphendulwa ziimyuziyam zabantu abahlwempuzekileyo, ezikwabizwa ngokuba ziincwadi, kwaye kukho enye entsha kwezi ndibeke nje ngokuchasene neminikelo enetyhefu yale myuziyam intsha. Incwadi yile Guys Like Me nguMichael A. Messner.

Le ncwadi ixelela amabali amahlanu eemfazwe zeemfazwe ezintlanu zase-US: i-WWII, Korea, iVietnam kunye ne-Iraq Parts I no-II. Sifunda amabali abo ukususela emininzi ngaphambi kokuba bangene emkhosini emva kokude bashiye. Amabali axelelwe kakuhle, ngobuqili kunye nobunzima, kungekhona i-museum-like propaganda. Iipatheni ziyacaca ngaphandle kokuba incwadi iphindaphinda. Umntu ngamnye uyingqayizivele, kodwa elowo uhlangana ne-monster efanayo.

Amabali amajoni amva nje ebengenakulunga ekwenzeni le ncwadi. Amabali eemfazwe ezidlulileyo-okoko egutyungelwe kwiintsomi ayafuneka ukuba umfundi aqale ukubuza ngemfazwe uqobo. Amabali anjalo aluncedo ngakumbi njengamabali aqhelekileyo eemfazwe ebeyinxalenye yazo. Kwiimfazwe zamva nje, amabali amagqala aseMelika afikelela kwipesenti encinci yamabali abo bachatshazelwe ziimfazwe. Kodwa amabali amadala odwa ngewanokwanela. Ukuqonda ukoyikeka okungapheliyo kwemfazwe kwimeko yayo yangoku kugqiba imeko enamandla eboniswe apha. Le yincwadi oza kuyinika abantu abatsha.

Ibali lokuqala lale ncwadi kuthiwa “Akukho 'Mfazwe ilungileyo'” kwaye ibalisa ngebali lamagqala eMfazwe yesibini yeHlabathi u-Ernie “Indio” Sanchez. Sukuyithatha eyam ibango ngasentla ukuba imfazwe ibandakanya ubugwala kunye nesibindi esivela kum. Funda ibali likaSanchez kwaye ulithabathe kuye. Kodwa ubugwala yayingeyiyo into eyoyikisayo kwingqondo kaSanchez amashumi eminyaka ngelixa wayehlala exakekile kwaye eyiphepha de angabinakuphepha. Nantsi inkcazo:

“Yonke le nto — uloyiko olupholisa amathambo, ubutyala, ihlazo lokuziphatha- yafihlwa emzimbeni ka-Ernie Sanchez amashumi asixhenxe eminyaka ashiyekileyo ebomini bakhe, emlalele ngelaxesha angalindelanga ngalo, emgibisela njengalaa siqhushumbisi sihleli kufutshane. umqolo wakhe. Akunakuze ayenze ihambe, hayi ngokupheleleyo. Ekugqibeleni wafunda ukuba ukuthetha ngayo — ukungqina kuye nabani na owayephulaphula amabali akhe obuyatha bemfazwe, ubunzima bokulwa nokubulala, kunye nethemba loxolo — yayiyeyona ntlungu yakhe. ”

Le ncwadi ayilona nje umzekelo wokuxelela iindidi zebali ezingamkelekanga kwiimyuziyam kunye neenkcukacha ze-NPR kunye ne-Day Veterans Day parades, kodwa kunye nomzekelo wokubhala malunga nombono wenhlangano. Umthunywa wathola izifundo zakhe ngo-Veterans For Peace, ebhodini lakhe elicebisayo endikhonzayo, kwaye uyithatha ngokuthe ngqo ubutyebi bokuziphathelanisa nokuziphatha okubangela umsebenzi wale maqhawe ukuba axoshe ihlabathi leendlela zokudala abadala bezilwanyana.

Ibali likaSanchez liqala ngobomi obunzima, oburhabaxa, bemigulukudu kunye nentolongo. Kodwa obo bomi abuqulathanga nto yoyikekayo yemfazwe. Uyakhumbula:

"Kwiiveki ezimbini neyesigamu, kwafuneka zikhuphe i-4th kunye ne-28th yoLwahlulo lwabaNtwana, ngenxa yokuba zachithwa. Kwiiveki ezimbini neyesigamu, loo Candelo lalahleka amadoda angama-9,500, abulawe okanye aphumele. Iiveki ezimbini neyesigamu ndithetha ngazo. Kulo mfazwe sinayo [ngoku] e-Iraq, asizange sikubulale abantu base 6,000. Zingaphi iminyaka esiye ngaphaya kwayo? "

Umbhali akangeni kweli bali ukulungisa umbono wokuba ngaphezulu kwesigidi sabantu abafileyo eIraq ayingabo "abantu", kodwa yindlela yokucinga ukuba uninzi lwabathathi-nxaxheba kwimfazwe basebenza ukuze bazi kwaye boyise. USanchez, enyanisweni, uchithe iminyaka emininzi ezixelela ukuba ubuncinci akakhange abulale bantu kuba udubule ngaphambili emseleni ukuze "iintshaba" zingabinantloko kunye nemipu ngaphezulu kwazo. Xa ubomi bakhe buxakekile, waqala wacinga ngento awayeyenzile amashumi eminyaka ngaphambili:

“Xa ndingenazo zonke ezinye izinto endinokucinga ngazo, zabuyela kum emva koko ndafumanisa. Thixo, ugqirha wengqondo wandixelela ukuba ndibulale amaJamani aphakathi kwamashumi amahlanu ukuya kwali-100. Kodwa andizange ndidubule ndibulale. Ndidubula ukugcina abafana behlisile ekubuyiseni umva. Umsebenzi wam yayikukudubula kanye phambi komsele ukuze uthuli namatye nayo yonke into ilunge ngaphezulu kwentloko ukuze amaJamani [angayi] kukhupha iintloko zawo ukuze abuye. Yayingumsebenzi wam lowo, ukubagcina, kwaye ndibagcine ekulweni kwakhona. Yayingcinga yam leyo. Andizange ndibulale mntu. Kwaye yile nto bendiyithetha yonke le minyaka. Kodwa imfazwe yaseIraq eyayisaziwa nguThixo yandikhumbuza indlela endandingcolile ngayo. ”

Amabali asebenza nzima, alula, ukusuka apho. Ibali leemfazwe eKorea liquka umlindi wase-United States uxolisa kumntu kumfazi owayeyedwa yedwa elalihlala kwidolophana yakhe.

Musa ukutyhola amagqala, sihlala sixelelwa. Kodwa oku kukuziphatha okuhlekisayo apho ukugxeka umntu othile kukuthintela ekugxekeni omnye umntu (njengorhulumente ophezulu kunye namagosa omkhosi kunye nabenzi bezixhobo). Inyani yile yokuba amagqala amaninzi azibeka ityala kwaye angakhathali nokuba senze ntoni na abanye; kwaye abaninzi baye bachacha ngokujamelana nobutyala babo kunye nokusebenza ukulungelelanisa nomsebenzi woxolo nobulungisa.

Umyalezo uchaza imbono yakhe nge-akhawunti yengxoxo nomkhulu wakhe, iMfazwe Yehlabathi Yehlabathi I-Warrior:

“Ngentsasa yoSuku loMagqala ngo-1980, uGramps wayehleli nesidlo sakhe sakusasa-ikomityi yekofu enamanzi, iqhekeza lesonka esitshisiweyo kunye ne-marmalade, kunye nesilayi esinye sesibindi esipholileyo. Umfundi oneminyaka engamashumi amabini anesibhozo ubudala, bendisandula kuhlala notatomkhulu nomakhulu wabo e-Oakland, California, ekhaya. Ndizamile ukunciphisa imeko yeGramps ngokumnqwenelela uSuku lweVeterans. Impazamo enkulu. 'Umhla wamaGorha!' wandikhonkotha ngelizwi elihombisayo lomntu utshayayo ubomi bakhe bonke. 'AyiloSuku loMagqala! Lusuku lweArmistice. Abo gawd. . . ugwetyelwe. . . abezopolitiko. . . wayitshintsha yangumhla wamaVeterans. Kwaye baqhubeka besifaka kwiimfazwe ezingakumbi. ' Utat'omkhulu wayephefumla ngoku ngoku, ulibele isibindi. 'Ubuqhetseba beBuncha! Abayilwi iimfazwe, uyazi. Abafana abafana nam balwa iimfazwe. Sasisithi “Yimfazwe Eya Kuphelisa Zonke Iimfazwe,” yaye sayikholelwa loo nto. ' Wayivala incoko nge-harrumph: 'Usuku lwamaVeterans!'

“USuku lweArmistice lubonakalise kwiGramps hayi ukuphela kwemfazwe yakhe kuphela, kodwa isiphelo sayo yonke imfazwe, ukuqala koxolo oluhlala luhleli. Eli yayingelophupha nje elingenamsebenzi. Ngapha koko, intshukumo enkulu yoxolo yayicinezele urhulumente wase-US, ngo-1928, ukuba atyikitye isivumelwano seKellogg-Briand, 'isiVumelwano sokuQalwa kweMfazwe,' esixhaswe yi-United States neFrance kwaye emva koko sayinwa ziintlanga ezininzi. umhlaba. Xa uMongameli uDwight D. Eisenhower watyikitya umthetho oguqula igama leholide ibe lusuku lwamaVeterans, ukubandakanya amagqala eMfazwe yesibini yeHlabathi, yayiyimpama kumkhulu wam. Ithemba lanyamalala, lathatyathelw 'indawo bubunyani obubi bokuba abezopolitiko baya kuqhubeka befumana izizathu zokuthumela amakhwenkwe aseMelika—' abafana nam '- ukuba balwe bafe kwiimfazwe. ”

Ngoko baya kude siyeke. Guys Like Me sisixhobo esikhulu seso sizathu- kunye ne Ukubuyiselwa koSuku lweArms. Impazamo enye ndiyathemba ukuba iyakulungiswa yile ngxelo: "U-Obama uzicothisile iimfazwe e-Iraq nase-Afghanistan." Umongameli u-Obama ngokwenyani wayiphinda kathathu indawo e-Afghanistan e-Afghanistan kwaye wayenza ngayo yonke into (ukufa, intshabalalo, ukubalwa kwamajoni, iidola) imfazwe yakhe ngaphezu kwemfazwe ka-Bush okanye ka-Trump okanye bobabini bedibene.

Umlindi uGregory Ross ufunde enye yeengoma zakhe kwi-Convention ye-2016 Veterans For Peace. Kucatshulwe kuyo Guys Like Me:

Abafileyo

ayifuni ukuba ukuthula kwethu kuhlonishwe

ayifuni ukuthula kwethu ukuba sikhunjulwe.

Andiwamukeli ukuthula kwethu njengesikhumbuzo, njengesidima.

Asilindele ukuba ukuthula kwethu kuphelile

ukubulawa kwemfazwe

umntwana olambileyo

lo wesifazane wadlwengulwa

ukunyamezela

Umhlaba ucocekile

Nguye ophilayo ofuna ukuthula kwethu

ngexesha lobomi beloyiko kunye nobunzima

Abafileyo

sifuna ukuba nesibindi sokuchasisa abanamandla nabanokratshi.

sifuna ukuba ubomi bethu bube bukhulu, banobubele, bomelele.

sifuna umsindo wethu ekuqhubekeni kwemfazwe egameni labo.

sifuna ukutshitshiswa kwethu ekugqibeleni komhlaba ngegama labo.

sifuna ukuthukuthela kwethu ukuhlonishwa, ukukhunjulwa.

Abafileyo

asinakusebenzisa ukuthula kwethu