Ukuthunyelwa kwakhona Imagazini YENYANGA 6 / 26 / 2017.
Paul K. Chappell Uzalelwe kwi-1980 wakhulela eAlabama, unyana womama waseKorea notata oziphethe kakuhle owayekhonza kwiimfazwe zaseKorea naseVietnam. Ukushiya umkhosi njengendoda eyayinengxaki enkulu, uChappell owayesele emdala waxhaphaza kwaye wakhathaza umncinci uPaul, ukanti wakhetha ukwenza umsebenzi wakhe wezomkhosi, waphumelela kwiMelika Academy eWest Point e2002 kwaye wakhonza eIraq njengomphathi womkhosi e2006. Ngelixa wayekhenketha emsebenzini, uChappell wayeqala ukuthandabuza ukuba imfazwe iya kuze izise uxolo-ku-Mbindi Mpuma, okanye kwenye indawo.
Kwiminyaka emithathu kamva, ngelixa wayeligosa elisebenza ngokusebenza, uChappell wapapasha incwadi yakhe yokuqala, Ngaba Imfazwe Iya Kuze Iphele? Umbono weSoldier woXolo kwi21st Century. Okwangoku wabhala ezinye iincwadi ezintlanu kwincwadi yakhe esixhenxe Indlela eya eluxolweni uthotho. Elesithandathu isihloko, Amajoni oxolo, izakuphuma kolu lwando (i-2017), kunye nolwesixhenxe kwi2020. Zonke iincwadi Zibhalwe ngendlela eqiqayo, efikelelekayo, ekhula ngononophelo kwizifundo uChappell azifundileyo kwiminyaka eyi-20 yomzabalazo wakhe ukuba aziguqule ukusuka kumfana onomsindo, owenzakeleyo waba lijoni, intshabalalo yoxolo, kwaye, kule minyaka isibhozo idlulileyo, ubunkokheli boxolo Umlawuli kwiziko loXolo lweXesha leNyukliya.
Kwindima yakhe yobunkokeli boxolo, uChappell uhamba ilizwe elithetha ngemfuneko yokuphelisa imfazwe nokulwela uxolo. Kule minyaka imbalwa idlulileyo, ugxininiso lwakhe sele lutshintshile ekusasazeni "ulwazi lokufunda nokubhala, ”Ayicacisayo sisakhono esibekiweyo ukuze umntu aphile.
Kwiminyaka eliqela eyadlulayo, ndenza udliwanondlebe noChappell ngenqaku elapapashwa kulo Imagazini iLanga, iphinde ibhalwe kwi-MOON njenge-Ukuphelisa imfazwe. ”Olu dliwanondlebe, UChappell uthethe nam kabini ngefowuni. - Leslee Goodman
Inyanga: Ube nentshatsheli ebangela ukuba kubekho uxolo kwiminyaka eyi-10 ngoku-nokuba lijoni eIraq. Ngaba udimazekile? Ngaba uziva ngathi sibuyela umva?
Chappell: Hayi andikhathali. Xa uqonda oonobangela bokubandezeleka koluntu, akukho nto yenzekayo iyamangalisa. Ukuba bendimazi umntu otya ukutya okungenampilo kwaye utshaye, andizukumangala ukuba unesifo sentliziyo. Nam andizukutyhafa, kuba siyawazi amanyathelo anokuwathatha ukuphucula impilo yakhe kunye nokukhusela isifo sentliziyo.
Abantu baneemfuno ezingaphendulwanga ngenjongo, intsingiselo, ukuba zezabo, kunye nokuzixabisa, ezingagcwaliswanga ngeendlela ezisempilweni ngokuthengwa kwaye, ngenxa yoko, bakha isithuba esinokugcwaliswa buburharha nokuzibaxa izinto. Abantu banqwenela neenkcazo. Xa izinto "zingahambi kakuhle" nelizwe, umzekelo, abantu bafuna ukwazi: Kutheni le nto uqoqosho lubi? Kutheni kukho ubugrogrisi? Yintoni inkcazo ngazo zonke ezi ntsholongwane zininzi? Le mfuneko yeenkcazo inamandla kangangokuba ukuba asinayo ingcaciso echanekileyo, siya kuyila ezo zichanekileyo. Umzekelo, amaYurophu amandulo, anqwenela inkcazo ngesibetho kodwa engazi ukuba ziyintoni na iintsholongwane kunye neebacteria, athi eso sibetho sabangelwa nguThixo okanye ziiplanethi.
Ithathiwe kunye, iinkcazo esikholelwa ukuba zidala umbono wethu wehlabathi. Ukuba nembono yehlabathi kubalulekile njengokutya namanzi. Kungenxa yoko le nto, ukuba woyikisa umbono wehlabathi lomntu, baya kuhlala bephendula ngokungathi ubasongela ngokwasemzimbeni. Xa uGalileo wathi uMhlaba ujikeleza ilanga, kunenye indlela ejikelezayo, iCawa yamaKatolika yamsongela ngokumngcungcuthekisa ukuba akakhange arhoxe. Wabasongela umbono wabo wehlabathi. Xa uthetha ezopolitiko okanye inkolo nomntu ongavumelani nawe, banokuba ndlongondlongo. Ngokwesiqhelo obu bundlongondlongo buwela kwindawo "yokuma," kodwa ngamanye amaxesha ubundlongondlongo bunokuba bungokwasemzimbeni — okanye bude bubulale — njengaxa abantu besiya emfazweni ngenxa yeenkolelo ezahlukileyo zonqulo nezopolitiko. Kwaye njengokuba impendulo yokulwa okanye yokubaleka ibangela ukuba izilwanyana ezininzi zenze umgama phakathi kwazo kunye nesoyikiso, abantu abaninzi baya kusuka bemke kuwe, bangabinabahlobo kuwe kuFacebook, okanye benze umgama ngenye indlela xa ubeka emngciphekweni umbono wabo wehlabathi.
Inyanga: Ukanti kubonakala ngathi siveliswa kwiintlobo ezininzi zabantu, inkcubeko, nembono yehlabathi kunanini na ngaphambili kwimbali yoluntu. Ngaba umhlaba awukhuli ngokusondeleyo kwaye udibene ngakumbi?
Chappell: Ewe, kodwa ukubona umhlaba usiya unxibelelana kakhulu kwenza abantu abaninzi bazive bebaluleke kakhulu, okanye bengento yanto. Xa abantu babehlala kwiindawo ezincinci bezazi ukuba banayo indawo; babengabakho; kwaye ukuba kuloo ndawo kubanike imvakalelo yokuba kufanelekile. Njengoko umhlaba unxibelelana kakhulu kwihlabathi liphela, siye saba nengxaki ekuhlaleni, nesiphumo sokuba abantu abaninzi baziva belahliwe, bodwa, kwaye bengenamandla.
Inyanga: Yenziwe yinto yokuba mhlawumbi abanamsebenzi, okanye bengakwazi ukuhlawula i-inshurensi yezempilo.
Chappell: Kunene. Zimbini iintlobo zentlupheko-intlupheko ebonakalayo, kunye nentlupheko yokomoya-oku kubuhlwempu, intsingiselo, ukuzithemba, injongo, kunye neenkcazo ezisekelwe enyanisweni. Abantu banokubandezeleka kakhulu zizo zombini ezi ntlobo zentlupheko, kodwa abantu abathwaxwa yindlala yokomoya bayingozi kakhulu kunabo bahluphekayo. UHitler wayengafuni kulawula iJamani kwaye woyise iYurophu kuba wayelambile kwaye enxaniwe. Walwa umlo ngenxa yengqondo, okanye ngokomoya, ubuhlwempu.
Inyanga: Ndiza kukunika ukuba iinkokheli zemfazwe azingobantu bahluphekileyo, kodwa akukho bunzima bukhulu kwezoqoqosho emva komsindo omhlophe wangoku kunye nokubuyela umva — ubuzwe obumangalisayo bobuzwilakhe — sibubonayo ngoku?
Chappell: Ewe; kodwa ndicinga ukuba abantu banokukholelwa ngendlela ephosakeleyo ukuba intlupheko ebonakalayo ngoyena nobangela ophambili weengxaki kwilizwe lethu, kodwa inkoliso yabantu abarhola iindlela ezigqithileyo abangalunganga; baphilile. Intlupheko, indlala kunye nokungekho sikweni ayikuphela komhlaba ukhula nobunqolobi.
Mhlawumbi ndingalula ukuthi isizathu sokuba ndingamangalisi iimeko zangoku kukuba asiphili kwihlabathi elinoxolo. Imeko yethu inokufaniswa nokuya kubona umdlalo webhasikithi apho kungekho namnye wabadlali owaziyo ukuba udlala ibhola ye-basketball. Ewe kunokuba ngumdaka. Abantu abalufundanga loxolo, kunjalo nje izinto zininzi kakhulu kunokuba kufuneka zibekho. Ukuba besinokuphatha uxolo njengalo naluphi na olunye ubuchule obusetwayo okanye uhlobo lobugcisa, besiya kuba kwimeko entle ngakumbi; kodwa asiyenzi, ngoko asinguye. Uxolo kuphela kwendlela yobugcisa endinokucinga apho abantu bacinga ukuba ungasebenza ngempumelelo ngaphandle kokufumana uhlobo loqeqesho. Ubugcisa bemfazwe, ukwenza imiboniso bhanyabhanya, ukupeyinta, ukukrola, ukudlala ibhola, ibhola ekhatywayo, ibasketball, ivayolin, ixilongo, umdaniso. Abantu abalindelanga ukuba nobuchule nakweyiphi na kwezi ngaphandle koqeqesho noqheliselo.
Cinga ngemathematics. Ndithathe izibalo iminyaka elishumi elinesine esikolweni, ukusuka enkulisa yonke indlela ukuya kwi-Calculator engu-II. Izibalo zibaluleke kakhulu kwimisebenzi ethile, kodwa andizange ndisebenzise uqeqesho lwam lwezibalo-nokuba kwinqanaba lesikolo samabanga aphantsi! Ndisebenzisa ikhawuntari. Ndisebenzisa uqeqesho lwam lokufunda ngoxolo, nangona kunjalo, yonke imihla-emsebenzini, kubudlelwane bam, kubantu esingabaziyo, xa ndisebenzisa amajelo eendaba ezentlalo.
Ulwazi lokufunda ngoxolo luntsonkothe ngakumbi kunobunzima bamanqanaba aphezulu, okanye ulwazi lokufunda nokubhala, kodwa asizifundisi. Ulwazi lokufunda ngoxolo lubandakanya ukubona uxolo njengeseti esebenzayo yezakhono kwaye libandakanya neendlela ezisixhenxe zokufunda ezisinceda ukudala uxolo lokwenyani: ulwazi lokufunda nokubhala kuluntu lwethu ekwabelwana ngalo, kubugcisa bokuphila, kubugcisa bokuloba, kubugcisa bokumamela, Uhlobo lwenyani, kuxanduva lwethu kwizilwanyana, kunye noxanduva lwethu lokudala. Abanye abantu bafundiswe ubugcisa bezakhono zokuziphilisa ekhaya-izakhono ezinje ngendlela yokusombulula imbambano, ukuzola, ukubathoba njani abanye abantu; woyisa njani uloyiko; indlela yokwakha uvelwano-kodwa abazali abaninzi abanazo ezi zakhono, kwaye abantu abaninzi bafunda isimilo esibi kubazali babo. Kwaye uhlala uvula umabonwakude kangakanani kwaye ubone abantu besombulula iingxabano ngendlela enoxolo nangothando? Bangaya phi abantu ukuba babone izakhono zoqeqesho lokufunda ngoxolo zibonakalisiwe? Ngapha koko, uluntu lwethu lufundisa okuninzi okunxamnye noqeqesho lokufunda nokubhala ngoxolo. Umzekelo, uluntu lwethu luhlala lusifundisa ukucinezela uvelwano lwethu; ukucinezela isazela sethu; ukungamameli. Kufuneka sazi ukuba ulwazi lokufunda ngoxolo luyinto entsonkothileyo, ebaluleke kakhulu esekwe kuyo, ebaluleke kakhulu ukuze umntu asinde, kwaye aqale ukuyifundisa ezikolweni.
Inyanga: Ukhe wacaphula ngaphambili i-Europe njengomzekelo wenkqubela phambili eyenziwe lihlabathi ekuqinisekiseni ukuba sinokufumana uxolo kunye nentsebenzo kunaleyo siyenzayo kwimfazwe nokwahlukana. Ngaba ivoti yeBrexit, okanye ukunyuka kwamaphiko ezwe angena kwelaseYurophu, ikunika isizathu sokuxhalaba?
Chappell: Ngokuqinisekileyo zibangela inkxalabo. Bamele bathathelwe ingqalelo ngokunzulu malunga neengozi ezibangelwa luxolo nobulungisa. Kufuneka siqonde ukuba kukho iingxaki ezinzulu kwinkcubeko yethu ezingalungiswa. Ukuthatha ezi ntshukumo ngokungathi sína kuthetha ukuthathela ingqalelo izikhalazo zabo.
In Ulwandle lweCosmic Ndichonga iimfuno ezilithoba ezingezizo zomzimba eziqhuba isimilo somntu. Babandakanya: injongo kunye nentsingiselo; ukukhulisa ubudlelwane (ukuthembana, imbeko, uvelwano, ukumamela); inkcazo; intetho ukuphefumlelwa (okubandakanya iimodeli); le mfuno ibaluleke kangangokuba ukuba ezilungileyo azifumaneki, abantu bayakuhlalisa ababi); eyeyakhe; ukuzixabisa umceli mngeni (imfuno yokoyisa imiqobo ukuze ukhule ube nakho ngokupheleleyo); kunye nokugqithisa-isidingo sokudlula ixesha. Ndikwathetha nangendlela enokubakhathaza ngayo imbandezelo kwezi zidingo kunye nokugqwetha intetho yabo. Ukudakumba sisifo esidubekileyo kuluntu lwethu kwaye yenye endiyiqondayo. Xa ndandikwisikolo samabanga aphakamileyo ndandifuna ukuba kwiqela elinogonyamelo. Isizathu esinye endandingenaso kukuba, ngelo xesha kwakungekho maqela anogonyamelo anokuvuma ukuba ilungu eliyinxalenye yelaseAsia, licande ukuba mnyama, nenxalenye imhlophe.
Inyanga: Kwaye kwakutheni ukuze ufune ukwenza loo nto?
