E-Afrika, njengakuMbindi Mpuma, i-US idala i isangqa esichukumisayo yemfazwe kunye nokudodobalisa. ILibya njenge-Iraq yaba lilizwe elingaphumeleliyo emva kotshintsho lolawulo olukhokelwa yi-US ngo-2011. Ingxaki kunye nengxaki yembacu eya isiba nzulu emva kokutshintsha kolawulo. Oku kube negalelo ekupheliseni uzinzo kumazwe akuMntla Afrika kwaye kwaba negalelo amazwe asezantsi kweSahara. Ukuwa kungenelelo luka-2011 kukhokelele ngendlela engathethekiyo kwimeko emaxongo eLibya namhlanje.
Ngoku isangqa esikhohlakeleyo sokubulala kunye nokungazinzi kuya kuqhuba ngesantya esinomsindo njengoko iSebe lezoKhuselo laseMelika (DOD) litshintsha isantya semfazwe kuMbindi Mpuma naseAfrika. Isiseko somkhosi waselwandle esibalulekileyo esijongene neLibya kulwandle lweMeditera sigcina inkqubo yonxibelelwano yomkhosi yehlabathi eyaziwa ngokuba yi-MUOS.
I-MUOS (iNkqubo yeNjongo yoMsebenzisi weMobile) inqanaba lotshintshiselwano olungenamthungo lwedatha kumazinga aphezulu aphezulu kunangaphambili. Ukuthumela kunye nokufumana ulwazi kunye nemiyalezo efihliweyo kuya kufikelela kwizantya zemikhosi esemhlabeni, emoyeni okanye elwandle. Uthungelwano luqulathe iisathelayithi ezintlanu eziqhagamshelwe kwizikhululo ezine eziphantsi komhlaba ezithatha ngaphezulu kwekota yesithathu yehlabathi-ukuze ifikelele Arctic. Oko kuthetha ukuthini oku kukulawulwa kwehlabathi jikelele kweedrones ezilawulwa kude, imijukujelwa kunye nezixhobo zenyukliya, okwenza i-MUOS ibe ngumama wazo zonke izixhobo zokutshabalalisa.
I-kingpin yenkqubo ye-MUOS yisiseko somkhosi wenqanawa kwisiqithi sase-Italiya saseSicily, esona siqithi sikhulu kwiMeditera kunye nommelwane osondeleyo waseYurophu eTunisia naseLibya. Ngelixa ezinye izikhululo zomhlaba ezintathu ze-MUOS ziseHawaii, eVirginia nase-Australia, indawo yaseSicily eMeditera inika amehlo ePentagon kunye neendlebe kulo lonke elaseAfrika naseMbindi Mpuma. Oku, ubhala intatheli yaseSicilian Antonio Mazzeo, “sesona sixhobo sifanelekileyo sokulwa iimfazwe zenkulungwane yamashumi amabini ananye.”
Nangona kunjalo iSicily ayisiyiyo indawo egqibeleleyo. A phulo lo iququzelelwe ngabemi bendawo ikhanya i-beam epheleleyo kurhwaphilizo kunye nokungabi namthetho okujikeleze ukwakhiwa kwesiseko. Abahlali baseSicilian abangoyikiyo ngamandla ase-US baye babeka inkcaso enamandla ngokuchasene nobukho be-MUOS kwilizwe labo.
Ukuze ube nombono we-MUOS kufuneka uhambe uye kumbindi weSicily osemazantsi, apho iindawo zeminquma zenza iibhodi zokujonga phezu kweenduli ezitshiswa lilanga, iVespas buzz idlula i-brigade yetrektara yasekuseni kunye nezitrato zelali ziwangawangisa isikhalo somthi wesundu njengoko i-bougainvillea ikhwela phezu kweendonga. ukukubulisa kuwo wonke umthunzi obomvu. Kwezi ndawo zingqongileyo zintle iDOD yakhe isiseko sayo somkhosi esibaluleke ngobuchule eAfrika nakuMbindi Mpuma.
Isiseko sakhiwe kwindawo ekhuselekileyo yendalo eyi-3km ukusuka kumbindi we-Niscemi, idolophu yama-28,000. Ekungeneni kwe Riserva Naturale Sughereta di Niscemi, into yokuqala oyibonayo yi-eriyali ephakamileyo. Yenye kwezingama-41 ezenza iZiko lomkhosi leNaval Radio Transmitter (NRTF) esele likho ngaphambili elakhiwe kulo vimba ngo-1991.
Phantsi kwindlela emdaka ebomvu udlula kwindawo yokuhlola yasemkhosini, egcwele iijee ezipeyintiweyo ezifihlakeleyo kunye namajoni axhobileyo. Umkhosi wase-Italiya ugada isiseko, indawo ephambili yezitya ezintathu zesathelayithi eziziimitha ezingama-20. Iicicadas zale paki zincokola ngesingqi sestaccato xa zijikeleza izitya. Ihlathi elimangalisayo le-oki le-cork lakha lema apha de umkhosi weenqanawa wabhuqa imithi ukuze uvule indawo ye-MUOS.
Kwangaxeshanye, iicicadas zaphula indlela yazo. Amajoni amabini ayafika ukuze abuze imibuzo kwaye ajonge ukuba ngubani. Eli lishishini njengesiqhelo eNiscemi. Amapolisa ahlala emisa kwaye agqogqa iimoto, esoloko ekhupha izohlwayo eziqatha kulwaphulo-mthetho olungenalwaphulo-mthetho olufana nokukopa iCD okanye ukwaphulwa kwebhanti lesihlalo.
Igama elithi Niscemi livela kwi-Arabhu. Namhlanje, idolophu inabahlali abaninzi baseMntla Afrika abavela eTunisia naseMorocco. Enyanisweni, yonke iSicily ingumxube weenkcubeko ezahlukeneyo-imbiza enyibilikayo egalela emithanjeni yaseSicilian. Umhlaba ngokwawo ngumxube. Kule nxalenye yehlabathi eyahlukileyo Terra rossa ithwele uthuli lwezimbiwa zakudala olusuka eSahara naseSahel eAfrika.
Enye into engayi kuxubana yi-MUOS. Awunako ukusebenzisa isixhobo esitshabalalisayo ngaphakathi kwimbiza enyibilikayo. Ayizukusebenza.
Abantu baseNiscemi baye bachasa i-MUOS ekubeni ukwakhiwa kwesiseko kwaziwa kubo kwi-2009. Bachasene kakhulu ne-militarization yaseSicily. Ngaphezu kwe-100 iziseko zomkhosi zase-US zikhona kumhlaba wase-Italiya-ngaphezu kwalo naliphi na elinye ilizwe emva kweJapan, iJamani kunye noMzantsi Korea. I-Sicily iya isiba yindawo yokuqalisa iimfazwe zePentagon ngaphesheya kweMeditera. NgoFebruwari, i-Italiya yaqinisekisa iimpukane zase-US iidrones ezixhobileyo ukuya eLibya ukusuka kwisikhululo somoya saseSigonella eSicily.
Ngelixa iSigonella ikwisiseko sase-US kunye nesiseko esikhulu se-NATO saseMeditera, iNiscemi isisiseko sase-US kuphela. Ke ngoko, iPalamente yase-Italiya kufuneka icele imvume yokwakhiwa kwesiseko. Akukhange kudityanwe nePalamente.
Ngaphaya koko, abakhi be-MUOS abaqeshwe ngumkhosi wenqanawa babengenaso isatifikethi esibalulekileyo esichasene ne-mafia esifunwa ngumthetho phambi kokuba kuqalwe ukwakha. Inkundla yaseNtaliyane yaqinisekisa ukuba i-MUOS yakhiwe ngokungekho mthethweni. Ukuphelisa ubuqhetseba kuntsonkothile ngokungeyomfuneko. Ngokuqinisekileyo i-DOD isebenzise ngokupheleleyo obu bunzima ukutyhala ukwakhiwa kwesiseko kudlule iinkqubo eziqhelekileyo zomthetho.
Phakathi kwe-ping-pong esemthethweni, i-DOD ixhomekeke kurhulumente wase-Italiya ukuba enze konke okusemandleni akhe ukwenza isiseko sisebenze nangona inkcaso yendawo ifuna ukuvalwa kwangoko kwesiseko. Kukho uxinzelelo kumatsha ntliziyo. Abaqhankqalazi abali-129 bafumana iisamanisi zokungena kwisiseko ngexesha loqhanqalazo kwiminyaka emithathu edlulileyo. Emva koko ngomhla we-5 Septemba, iKomiti Akukho MUOS yothuswa ukufumanisa abasebenzi abavela kwiofisi kasodolophu waseNiscemi bangena ngokungekho mthethweni kwaye baphanga ikomkhulu le-No MUOS.
The guerra di carta okanye imfazwe yamaphepha iyaqhubeka. "Inkundla ephakamileyo yolawulo" eSicily yathi urhulumente waseItali ugunyazise ngokusemthethweni ukwakhiwa kwe-MUOS. Amatshantliziyo alindele ilizwi lokugqibela malunga nesibheno sokucinywa kwesicelo esivela kwiNkundla ePhakamileyo yeziBheno. Inkundla inokuthatha isigqibo sokumisela iimeko ezibandakanyiweyo kwizivumelwano zoxolo zaseParis zika-1947 ezithintela ukwakhiwa kwalo naluphi na ukufakelwa komkhosi wase-US e-Italy.
I-Niscemi ayifani nezinye iziseko. Iziseko ze-pre-MUOS zisebenzisa inkqubo yesathelayithi yelifa. IRamstein Air Base eJamani sisikhululo sokuhanjiswa kwesathelayithi esixhasa unxibelelwano phakathi kwabaqhubi be-drone e-US kunye ne-US drones e-Yemen, eSomalia nase-Afghanistan. Isiseko saseBritane seMeneth Hill Royal Air Force isebenzisa hlola iisathelayithi zohlaselo lwase-US kuMbindi Mpuma naseAfrika. I Ngenisa Iingxelo I-Djibouti kunye neNiger ngoku ngawona mazwe abaluleke kakhulu kwiziseko zedrone zase-US kunye nokusebenza komkhosi eMntla nakwiNtshona Afrika.
Ulawulo luka-Obama luqhuba ukubulala okujoliswe kuko, uninzi lwazo abantu abamsulwa. Iidrones zase-US zibulale amakhulu abantu phantsi kuka-Obama kwaye zonzakala amawaka. I-US ithi yamva nje bhobhoza yomkhosi waseSiriya kwenzeka ngempazamo. Ngeli xesha, phakathi kwe-1 Agasti kunye ne-9 Septemba, i-US iqhubekile Ii-airstrikes ezili-140 ngokuchasene ne-Islamic State (Daesh) kwidolophu yaseLibya yaseSirte.
Itekhnoloji ye-MUOS isebenzisa inkqubo entsha yesathelayithi eyenzelwe ukomeleza isantya kunye ne-automation yemfazwe ngokudibanisa zonke izinto zomkhosi kwinethiwekhi enye. Oku akuqinisekisi inkqubo ekhuselekileyo. Isixhobo esinesantya esiphezulu sokutshabalalisa abantu abaninzi kwiMeditera esilungele ukuhlasela iAfrika nakuMbindi Mpuma ayisosiphelo seempazamo. Inokwenza inani eliphezulu lokungachaneki, kunye nezihlandlo ezininzi kunye neempazamo ezibukhali.
Abaqhankqalazi baya kudibana kwi-Niscemi nge-2 ka-Oktobha ukuze umboniso wesizwe. Lo msitho ungqamana ne-Gcina isithuba soXolo jikelele iveki yokusebenza ngokuchasene nomkhosi. Amanyathelo aza kwenzeka e-UK, eMntla Melika, e-Australia, eVenezuela, eNorway, eIndiya, eMzantsi Korea, eMauritius naseKhanada.
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Ifoto: Giuseppe Firrincieli
Umzobo oseludongeni ngumzobi, BLU. Ifoto: http://blublu.org
