Ngu-Amee Chew, nge-20 kaMeyi, ngo-2020
ukusuka Jacobin
Ngomhla wamashumi amathathu ku-Epreli, iSebe le-US lase-US labhengeza kabini okulindile i ingalo kwiintengiso ukuya kwiiPhilippines zizonke ezixabisa phantse iibhiliyoni ezimbini zeedola. I-Boeing, i-Lockheed Martin, iBell Textron, kunye noMbane Jikelele ziizozixhobo eziphambili ezenziwa kwisivumelwano sokufumana inzuzo kwisivumelwano.
Emva kwesibhengezo, iwindow yeentsuku ezingama-XNUMX yeCongress yokuphononongwa kunye nokuphikiswa kwelizwi kwintengiso kuqalile. Kunyanzelekile ukuba siyiyeke lento i-avalanche ngoncedo lomkhosi kulawulo lukaMongameli uPhilippine uRodrigo Duterte.
Irekhodi lamalungelo oluntu likaDuterte alikho. Ukuba ukuthengiswa kwezixhobo kudlula, kuya kunyusa ukuwohloka okuqhubekayo kwabakhuseli bamalungelo abantu nakwimbambano- lo gama lisanda ukubulala gazi okuqhubekayo. UDuterte udume kakubi ngokuphehlelela “umlo kwiziyobisi” ukusukela ngo-2016 ukubanga ubomi babaninzi amashumi amabini anesixhenxe amawaka, uninzi lwabantu abanemivuzo ephantsi, babulawa ngokufutshane ngamapolisa kunye naphaphile.
Kwiminyaka emithathu yokuqala ka-Duterte, Phantse amawaka amathathu Iintatheli, amagqwetha amalungelo oluntu, abezemvelo, iinkokeli zabahlali, abezorhwebo, nabalweli bamalungelo abantu babulawa. IPhilippines ibekwe kwinqanaba lelona lizwe liswelekileyo labacoci kwezendalo kwihlabathi emva kweBrazil. abaninzi kwezi slay zidityanisiwe umkhosi Sebenzi. Ngoku, i-Duterte isebenzisa i-COVID-19 njengesizathu sokuqhubela phambili umkhosi kunye noxinzelelo, ngaphandle kweziphumo ezibi kwimpilo yoluntu.
Ehlabathini jikelele, ngakumbi e-United States, ubhubhane we-COVID-19 uzise ngaphambili ukuba ukwanda kwezomkhosi kuthetha ukwanda kwempilo yabantu. Urhulumente wase-US uphinde kwakhona wahambisa izibonelelo ezingekho mgangathweni zokunceda kunye nemfazwe, kunenkonzo yezempilo kunye neemfuno zabantu. Uhlahlo-lwabiwo mali lwePentagon olunezigidi ngezigidi zeedola alwenzanga nto ukusikhusela kwintlekele yezempilo yoluntu kwaye akaphumelelanga ukudala ukhuseleko lokwenene. Kuphela kulungelelwaniso olupheleleyo lwezinto eziphambili ngokubumbeneyo kude nomkhosi, Apha phesheya, kunye nokomeleza ukwakhiwa kweziseko zophuhliso kunokwenza oko.
Impendulo ka-Duterte eyiMiltie kwi-COVID-19
Ubhubhane we-COVID-19 usebenze njengesizathu sokuba iDuterte inyanzelise indawo yokujonga amajoni, ukubanjwa kwabantu abaninzi, kunye nomthetho wokulwa emkhosini kulo lonke iPhilippines. Ukususela ngo-Epreli, phezu kwe120,000 abantu bacatshulwe kulwaphulo mthetho, kwaye phezu kwe30,000 ubanjiwe-ngaphandle kokubhukuqa okunzima kwezisele zasePhilippine, sele iyanda ngemfazwe yeziyobisi. Ukuhlala ekhaya kuhlala kunyanzeliswa ngamapolisa, nanjengeendawo ezininzi ezihlala ezidolophini, abantu bahlala izandla.
Ngaphandle kwengeniso yemihla ngemihla, izigidi zabantu zinqwenela ukutya. Ekupheleni kuka-Epreli, uninzi lwamakhaya ahlwempuzekileyo ayikafunyanwa naluphi na uncedo lukarhulumente. A iwaka abahlali basePasay banyanzeliswa ukuba bangabinakhaya xa indawo yabo yokuhlala kutshatyalaliswa egameni lokuvalwa kweslum ekuqaleni kokuvalwa, nkqu njengabangenakhaya babanjwa kwaye bavalelwa ejele.
UDuterte ubeke le umkhosi ilawula impendulo ye-COVID-19. Nge-1 ka-Epreli, wayalela umkhosi ukuba "dubula ufile"Babeke ecaleni abophula umthetho. Ukuxhatshazwa kwamalungelo oluntu ngokukhawuleza. Ngemini elandelayo, umlimi, UJunie Dungog Piñar, wadutyulwa wabulawa ngamapolisa ngokwaphula uvalelo lwe-COVID-19 e-Agusan del Norte, eMindanao.
Amapolisa anayo Abaphul 'umthetho bavaliwe xa bengekho kwizinja, isetyenzisiwe Ukuhlukunyezwa kunye nokuthotywa ngokwesondo njengesohlwayo kubantu be-LGBT, kwaye wabethwa wabanjwa abantu abahluphekayo ezidolophini ukuvota ukutya. Ukubetha kwaye bulala ukunyanzelisa “ukuqinisekiswa koluntu okuqinisekisiweyo” kuyaqhubeka. Olunye uhlaselo lo rhulumente luyimbambano, njenga utitshala Ubanjiwe nje ngokuthumela izimvo “ezicaphukisayo” kumajelo eendaba ezothusa ngokungabikho koncedo kukarhulumente, okanye umenzi bhanyabhanya owayeboshwe kabini ebusuku ngaphandle kwemvume kwisithuba esircastic kwi-COVID-19.
Uncedo olufanayo, ukuqina, kunye nokumelana
Xa kujongene nendlala ebanzi, ukungabikho konyango kwezempilo, kunye nengcinezelo ebulalayo, imibutho yezoluntu engaphantsi kweentlobo-ntlobo zenze imibutho yokuncedisana kunye noncedo ngokubonelela ngokutya, iimaski, kunye nezixhobo zonyango kubantu abahluphekayo. Ukuphola uCovid, uthungelwano lwamavolontiya kuyo yonke imibutho ebalaseleyo kwingingqi yeMetro Manila, ucwangcise iipakethi zoncedo kunye neekhitshi zasekuhlaleni ngamawaka, ngelixa uzibandakanya ekuhlaleni ukulungiselela ukuqinisa uncedo. Abaququzeleli beentshukumo bafuna ukuvavanywa ngobuninzi, iinkonzo ezisisiseko, kunye nesiphelo kwimpendulo yomkhosi omncinci we-COVID-19.
IKadamay ngumbutho osekwe kumakhulu amabini amawaka abantu abahlwempuzekileyo ezidolophini kwiPhilippines ebikade iphambili ekuchaseni imfazwe yeziyobisi kaDuterte kunye ukubuyisa indawo yokuhlala engenabantu. Ngo-2017, uKadamay wakhokela ishumi elinambini elinabantu abangenamakhaya ekuhlaleni amawaka amathandathu izindlu ezingenabantu ezazibekelwe amapolisa kunye nomkhosi ePandi, eBulacan. Ngaphandle kwengcinezelo nokoyikisayo, #YamkelaBulacan iyaqhubeka nanamhla.
Nge-COVID-19, iKadamay ikhokele phambili kwimizamo yoncedo kunye #ProtestFromHome poting banging iividiyo Ukusasazwa kumajelo eendaba ezentlalo, ukufuna uncedo kunye neenkonzo zempilo, hayi umkhosi. Kwimpindezelo ekhawulezileyo yenyusa impikiswano emva kokubhalwa kweengceba, isithethi sikaKadamay, Ndim Doringo, wasongelwa ngokubanjwa. E-Bulacan, inkokheli yabahlali yasisiwa kwinkampu yomkhosi yaxelelwa ukuba bayeke yonke imisebenzi yezopolitiko kwaye "zinikezele" kurhulumente okanye angafumani ncedo lokunceda.
Imizamo yokuncedisa ngokuchaseneyo iyenziwa mthetho kwaye ijolise ekubeni iphinde yenzeke. Ukusukela ngasekupheleni kuka-Epreli, amapolisa abambe uninzi lwabasebenzi bokuzithandela, ngaphandle kwabathengisi basesitalatweni kunye nabo bafuna ukutya. Ngomhla we-19 ku-Epreli. abasebenzi bokuzithandela abasixhenxe USagip Kanayunan wayebanjiwe ngelixa besasaza ukutya eBulacan, kamva ke babekwa ityala lokuvuselela umbuso. Ngomhla wamashumi amabini anesithandathu ku-Epreli, abahlali basezidolophini abangama-24 abahlwempuzekileyo kwisiXeko saseQuezon kubandakanywa nevolontiya loncedo bavalelwa ngenxa yokungaziphathi iidranti zangaphandle okanye banxibe imask. Ngomhla woku-1 kaMeyi. Amavolontiya alishumi ukuqhuba ngoncedo nombutho wabasetyhini uGABRIELA ubanjiwe ngelixa bekuqhutywa ukondla uluntu kwisixeko saseMarikina. Oku kujolise kuyo akuyona ingozi.
Ukusukela ngo-2018, i-odolo yesigqeba esenziwa nguDuterte igunyazisile "indlela yelizwe lonke" yokwenza inkqubo ye-counterinsurgency, ngokusebenzisa uluhlu olubanzi yeearhente zikarhulumente, zikhokelela yanda ukunyanzeliswa ngokuchasene nabaququzeleli boluntu kunye nabakhuseli bamalungelo abantu ngokubanzi.
Ukwahlula kuncedo oluhambelanayo kunye nokusinda kubangele amaphulo kumaphephandaba asekuhlaleni ukuba “yeka ukhathalelo lolwaphulo-mthetho kunye noluntu. " Gcina iSan Roque, uthungelwano oluxhasa ukumelana kwabahlali basezixekweni abahlwempuzekileyo ngokudiliza, uqalile a isikhalazo ukukhulula ngokukhawuleza amavolontiya oncedo kunye nabo bonke abasebenza phantsi kwenqanaba elisezantsi. umntu amalungelo mibutho nazo isicelo ukukhululwa kwamabanjwa ezopolitiko, uninzi lwabalimi abanemivuzo ephantsi, imibutho yabasebenzi, nabakhuseli bamalungelo abantu abajongana nezityholo zokuhlaselwa, kubandakanya abantu abadala kunye nabagulayo.
Ngenxa yesiphumo sokuphendula kukarhulumente egxile kwimfazwe, endaweni yokhathalelo lwempilo olwaneleyo, ukutya, kunye neenkonzo, iPhilippines inelona nani liphezulu labantu Abantu abane-covid-19 Kumazantsi mpuma eAsiya, kwaye lo bhubhane uya esiba mandundu ngokukhawuleza.
Iingcambu zobukoloniyali
Umanyano wanamhlanje womkhosi wase-US-Phillippine uneengcambu zekoloni yase-US kunye nokuhlala kwiiPhilippines kwiminyaka elikhulu eyadlulayo. Ngaphandle kokunikezela inkululeko kwi-Philippines ngo-1946, i-United States isebenzise izivumelwano zorhwebo ezingalinganiyo kunye nobukho bayo emkhosini ukugcina ubume bePhilippines ukususela ngelo xesha. Kumashumi eminyaka, ukucela abalawuli be-oligarchic kunye nokuthintela ukubuyiselwa komhlaba kuqinisekisile ukuthengiswa okuncinci kwezolimo eUnited States. Umkhosi wase-US wanceda ekubalekeni umtya ovukelayo. Uncedo lomkhosi wase-US usaqhubeka nokunceda ukukhutshwa kwezendalo ePhilippine, ubutyebi bezindlu, kunye nengcinezelo yomzabalazo kunye nabalimi bokulwa kwamalungelo omhlaba-ngakumbi eMindanao imisebenzi.
Imikhosi yasePhilippine ijonge kugxinizo lwamakhaya, ibhengeza ngamandla ubundlobongela kubantu abahlelelekileyo nabangathathi ntweni kwimida yelizwe. Ukusebenza komkhosi wasePhilippine kunye nenkonzo yamapolisa kuthungelane kakhulu. Ngapha koko, ngokwembali amapolisa asePhilippines aphuma ngaphandle kwemisebenzi engxamisekileyo ngexesha lolawulo lobukoloniyali lase-US.
Umkhosi wase-US ngokwawo ugcina ubukho bemikhosi ePhilippines ngokusebenzisa i-Operation Pacific Eagle kunye neminye imithambo. Kwigama "lokuchasana," abemikhosi yaseMelika banceda uDuterte alwe imfazwe kumhlaba wasePhilippine kwaye acinezela ukungavani kwabantu.
Ukususela ngo-2017, uDuterte ubeke umthetho wokulwa eMartanao, apho ephinda khona yaphosa imipu. Uhlaselo lomkhosi luye ngaphezulu Abantu base450,000. Iqhutywa ngoncedo lwaseMelika kwaye imisebenzi edibeneyo, Imisebenzi yomkhosi kaDuterte ibonelela ngenkampani Ukuthathwa komhlaba yamazwe omthonyama kwaye ku bulala of mafama ukulungiselela amalungelo abo omhlaba. Iiparamilitaries ezixhaswe ngumkhosi oxhobileyo ziyothusa uluntu lwendabuko, lujolise izikolo kunye nootitshala.
NgoFebruwari, ngaphambi kwesivumelwano sokubhengeza iingalo, uDuterte wasisusa kwisivumelwano sase-Philippines-United States saTyelelo lweMikhosi (i-VFA), evumela ukuba imikhosi yase-US ibekwe ePhilippines "ngemisebenzi yokudibana." Kumphezulu, oku bekuphendula eMelika ukwala visa Kwinkosi yamapolisa eyayisakuba ngumkhosi wamapolisa u-Ronald “Bato” Dela Rosa. Nangona kunjalo, ukurhoxiswa kwe-Duterte ye-VFA ayisebenzi ngokukhawuleza, kwaye kuqalisa kuphela inkqubo yeenyanga ezintandathu yokuvuselela. Imiqondiso ecetywayo yentengiso yezandla uTrump azimisele ukuqinisa ukuxhaswa kwakhe emkhosini kuDuterte. IPentagon ifuna ukugcina “intsebenziswano” yasemkhosini.
Phelisa uNcedo lweMikhosi yaseMelika
Intshukumo ekhulayo yamazwe aphesheya, ibumbene noluntu lwemveli kunye nabantu bakwiiPhilippines, ifuna kupheliswe uncedo lwezomkhosi kwiiPhilippines. Uncedo ngqo lomkhosi wase-US kulawulo lukaDuterte lufikeleleke i $ 193.5 yezigidi Ngo-2018, ukubalwa kwemali ebelwe kwangaphambili kunye nezixhobo ezinikezelweyo zexabiso elingafakwanga. Uncedo lwasemkhosini luquka izibonelelo zokuthenga izixhobo, zihlala zihlala iikontraki zase-US. Ngokuhambelana, urhulumente wase-US ulawula ukuhamba kweentengiso zangasese zangaphesheya - njengentengiso ecetywayo yangoku. Iintengiso ezithengiswa ngurhulumente wase-US zihlala ziyinkxaso yoluntu kwinkampani zabucala, zisebenzisa iidola zethu zase-US ukugqiba ukuthenga. ICongress kufuneka isebenzise amandla ayo ukusika intengiso esele ilindelwe.
Kutsha nje kucetywe iibhiliyoni ezimbini zeedola i ingalo Thengiswa kubandakanya iihelikopta zokuhlaselwa ezilishumi elinambini, amakhulukhulu eemfazwe kunye neentloko zemfazwe, isikhokelo neenkqubo zokubona, imipu ngomatshini, kunye nemikhosi engaphezulu kwamakhulu asibhozo amawaka. Eli Sebe likaRhulumente lithetha oku, nalo, liya kusetyenziselwa "ukwenziwa ububi" - okt. ukunyanzeliswa ngaphakathi kwiiPhilippines.
Ngenxa yokungabikho kwembonakalo kunye neDuterte's ngamabomu imizamo ukufihla ukuhamba okukhuselekileyo, uncedo lwasebukhosini laseMelika lunokuphelisa ukubonelela ngemikhosi emfazweni.
UDuterte usebenzisa lo bhubhani njengesizathu sokuqhubeka nokucinezela inkcaso yezopolitiko. Ngoku uthabathe amandla akhethekileyo kaxakeka. Kwanangaphambi kobhubhani, ngo-Okthobha ka-2019, amapolisa nabezomkhosi aphazamisa iiofisi ze-GABRIELA, iqela eliphikisayo u-Bayan Muna, kunye ne-National Federation of Sugar Workers, babamba abantu abangaphezu kwamashumi amahlanu anesixhenxe e-Bacolod City nase Metro Manila ngokutshayela nje.
Ingcinezelo isanda ngokukhawuleza. Nge-30 ka-Epreli, emva kweeveki ezothuswa ngamapolisa ngokwenza iinkqubo zokondla, UJory Porquia, owasungula ilungu le-Bayan Muna, wabulawa ngaphakathi kwekhaya lakhe e-Iloilo. Bangaphezulu kwamashumi asixhenxe anesithandathu ababhikishi kunye nabasebenzi boncedo ababanjiwe ngokungekho mthethweni Usuku lukameyiKubandakanya amavolontiya amane okondla ulutsha kwiQuezon City, abahlali abane abathumele imifanekiso ekwi-Intanethi "ngoqhanqalazo ekhaya" eValenzuela, Mbini imibutho yabasebenzi ibambe iRizal, nabantu abangamashumi amane anesibini beqhuba ulwazelelo kumalungelo oluntu obuleweyo uPorquia e-Iloilo. Abasebenzi abalishumi elinesithandathu kwi Umzimveliso weCoca-Cola eLaguna bathatyathwa banyanzelwa ngumkhosi ukuba "Ukunikezela" ukwenza njengabaphangi abaxhobileyo.
Umatshini wemfazwe wase-US uzuzisa iikhontraktha zakhe zabucala ngendleko zethu. Phambi kobhubhane we-COVID-19, uBooing wayexhomekeke kwiPentagon ye yesithathu ngengeniso yayo. Ngo-Epreli, uBooing wafumana ibheyile $ 882 yezigidi Ukuqala kwakhona ikhontrakthi emiselweyo yoMkhosi woMoya- yokwandisa inqwelo moya eneneni, enesiphene. Kodwa abavelisi bezixhobo ezenzelwa inzuzo kunye nabanye abaprofetayo bemfazwe akufuneki babenendawo yokubambisa umgaqo-nkqubo wethu wezangaphandle.
I-Congress inamandla okuyeka oku kodwa kufuneka yenze ngokukhawuleza. UIlhan Omar uye yaziswa umthetho oyilwayo wokumisa ukubaphatha gadalala amalungelo abantu abanjengo Duterte. Kule nyanga, Umanyano lwamanye amazwe ngamalungelo oluntu ePhilippines, Abasebenzi boNxibelelwano baseMelika, kunye nabanye baya kusungula umthetho oyilwayo wokuphelisa uncedo lwezomkhosi kwiiPhilippines. Okwangoku, kufuneka sibongoze iCongress ukuba iyeke ukuthengiswa kweengalo ukuya kwiPhilippines, njengoko le sikhalazo ibango.
Ubhubhane we-COVID-19 ubonakalisa isidingo sobumbano lwehlabathi ngokuchaseneyo nokulwa. Ngokuthatha umlo ochasene ne-US e-impiriyalizim, apha naphesheya, iintshukumo zethu ziyakwenza ukuba somelele.
U-Amee Chew uneziqu zobugqirha kwizifundo zaseMelika kunye nezobuzwe kwaye uyiMellon-ACLS yoBuntu.
