Cima iCanada de isombulule uMlo wayo, ioyile kunye nengxaki yohlanga

NguDavid Swanson, uMlawuli oLawulayo World BEYOND War

Abantu bomthonyama eCanada banika ihlabathi umboniso wamandla ezenzo ezingenabugorha. Ubulungisa besizathu sabo - ukukhusela umhlaba kwabo baya kuwutshabalalisa ngenxa yenzuzo yexesha elifutshane kunye nokupheliswa kwemozulu ehlala emhlabeni - kudityaniswe nenkalipho yabo kunye nokungabikho kwinxalenye yabo yenkohlakalo okanye inzondo, inamandla okudala i intshukumo enkulu kakhulu, leyo ngokuqinisekileyo isitshixo sempumelelo.

Lo ngumboniso wento engaphantsi kweyona ndlela ibalaseleyo yemfazwe, kungekuphela nje ngenxa yokuba izixhobo zemfazwe zamapolisa aseCanada anokoyiswa kukuchaswa kwabantu abangazange boyiswe okanye banikezele, kodwa nangenxa yokuba urhulumente waseCanada unokufeza. iinjongo zayo kwihlabathi ngokubanzi ngcono ngokulandela ikhondo elifanayo, ngokuyeka ukusetyenziswa kwemfazwe ngeenjongo ekucingelwa ukuba zezobuntu kunye nokusebenzisa iindlela zobuntu endaweni yoko. Ukunganyanzelisi kulula kunokwenzeka ukuba uphumelele kubudlelwane basekhaya nakwamanye amazwe kunobundlobongela. Imfazwe ayisosixhobo sokuthintela kodwa ukuququzelela iwele layo elifanayo, ukubulawa kwabantu.

Ewe, abantu bomthonyama "eBritish Columbia," njengoko kwihlabathi liphela, babonisa enye into, kwabo banenkathalo yokuyibona: indlela yokuphila ngokuzinzileyo emhlabeni, enye indlela yobundlobongela emhlabeni, ukudlwengulwa. kunye nokubulawa kweplanethi - umsebenzi onxibelelene ngokusondeleyo nokusetyenziswa kobundlobongela obujoliswe ebantwini.

Urhulumente waseKhanada, njengommelwane wakhe osemazantsi, ukhotyokiswe yingxaki yokubulawa kwabantu ngenxa yemfazwe. Xa uDonald Trump esithi ufuna amajoni eSyria ukuze ebe ioyile, okanye uJohn Bolton uthi iVenezuela idinga ubhukuqo-mbuso ukuze ibe ioyile, kuvuma nje ukuqhubeka kwehlabathi jikelele lomsebenzi ongapheliyo wokuba iNorth America.

Jonga uhlaselo lwerhasi lwerhasi lwemihlaba engonakaliswanga eCanada, okanye eludongeni kumda waseMexico, okanye ukuhlala kwePalestine, okanye ukutshatyalaliswa kweYemen, okanye eyona mfazwe “inde kakhulu” e-Afghanistan (eyona nto inde kakhulu kuba awona maxhoba aphambili omkhosi waseMntla waseMelika akakajongwa njengabantu bokwenyani abanezizwe zokwenyani ezitshabalalisayo zibalwa njengeemfazwe zokwenyani) , kwaye ubona ntoni? Ubona izixhobo ezifanayo, izixhobo ezifanayo, intshabalalo efanayo engenangqondo kunye nenkohlakalo, kunye nenzuzo enkulu efanayo equkuqela kwiipokotho ezifanayo zabaxhamli begazi kunye nokubandezeleka - iinkampani eziya kuthengisa ngokungenazintloni iimveliso zabo kumboniso wezixhobo ze-CANSEC. eOttawa ngoMeyi.

Uninzi lwenzuzo kule mihla luvela kwiimfazwe ezikude eziliwa eAfrika, kuMbindi Mpuma, naseAsia, kodwa ezo mfazwe ziqhuba itekhnoloji kunye nezivumelwano kunye namava amagqala emfazwe axhobisa amapolisa kwiindawo ezinje ngoMntla Merika. Iimfazwe ezifanayo (ezihlala zisilwela “inkululeko,” kunjalo) nazo nefuthe kwinkcubeko ekwamkeleni ngakumbi ukunyhashwa kwamalungelo asisiseko egameni “lokhuseleko lwesizwe” namanye amabinzana angenantsingiselo. Le nkqubo yenziwa mandundu kukufiphala komgca phakathi kwemfazwe kunye namapolisa, njengoko iimfazwe ziba yimisebenzi engapheliyo, imijukujelwa iba zizixhobo zokubulala abantu ababodwa, kunye namatsha ntliziyo - amatsha-ntliziyo achasene nemfazwe, amatshantliziyo e-antipipeline, abalweli be-antigenocide - bahlelwa ngabanqolobi kunye neentshaba.

Imfazwe ayipheleli nje izihlandlo ezili-100 idla ngoku apho kukho ioli okanye igesi (kwaye akukho ndlela inokwenzeka ngakumbi apho kukho ubugrogrisi okanye ukunyhashwa kwamalungelo oluntu okanye ukunqongophala kwezibonelelo okanye naziphi na izinto abantu abathanda ukuzixelela ukuba zibangela iimfazwe) kodwa imfazwe kunye namalungiselelo emfazwe akhokela abathengi beoli kunye negesi. Akubalulekanga nje ubundlobongela ukubiwa kwerhasi kumazwe omthonyama, kodwa loo gesi inokwenzeka ukuba isetyenziswe kwikhomishini yobundlobongela obubanzi, ngelixa ukongeza inceda ukwenza imozulu yomhlaba ingafanelanga ubomi bomntu. Ngelixa uxolo kunye nokusingqongileyo ngokuqhelekileyo kuthathwa njengokwahlulwayo, kwaye imfazwe ishiywe ngaphandle kwezivumelwano zokusingqongileyo kunye neengxoxo zendalo, imfazwe ngokwenene. umtshabalalisi ophambili wokusingqongileyo. Cinga ukuba ngubani osandula ukutyhala ibhili kwiCongress yase-US ukuvumela zombini izixhobo kunye nemibhobho ukuba ingene eCyprus? I-Exxon-Mobil.

Umanyano lwawona maxhoba amade ama impiriyali asentshona kunye nawona matsha ngumthombo wamandla amakhulu obulungisa ehlabathini.

Kodwa ndakhankanya ingxaki yemfazwe-oil-genocide. Ngaba nayiphi na kwezi zinto zinento yokwenza nembubhiso? Kulungile, uhlanga sisenzo “esimiselwe ngenjongo yokutshabalalisa, ngokupheleleyo okanye ngokuyinxenye, iqela lesizwe, lobuhlanga, lobuhlanga okanye lonqulo.” Isenzo esinjalo sinokubandakanya ukubulala okanye ukuxhwila okanye zombini okanye akunjalo. Isenzo esinjalo "ngokomzimba" asinako ukwenzakalisa mntu. Inokuba nayiphi na enye, okanye ngaphezulu kwenye, kwezi zinto zintlanu:

(a) Ukubulala amalungu eqela;
(b) Ukwenzakalisa kakhulu emzimbeni nasengqondweni kumalungu eqela;
(c) Ukwenza ngokunyanzela kwimeko yeqela ebalwe ukuba lizise intshabalalo yayo emzimbeni okanye ngenxalenye yayo;
(d) Ukumisela amanyathelo acetywayo okuthintela ukuzalwa kwiqela;
(e) Ukudlulisa ngokunyanzelwa kwabantwana kwelinye iqela.

Uninzi lwamagosa aphezulu aseKhanada kwiminyaka edlulileyo ichazwe ngokucacileyo ukuba injongo yenkqubo yaseKhanada yokususwa kwabantwana yayikukushenxisa izithethe zaBemi Bomthonyama, ukuyishenxisa ngokupheleleyo “ingxaki yamaIndiya.” Ukubonakalisa ulwaphulo-mthetho lokubulala abantu akufuni ingxelo yenjongo, kodwa kule meko, njengakwiJamani yamaNazi, njengakwiPalestina yanamhlanje, kwaye njengoko kuninzi ukuba ayizizo zonke iimeko, akukho kunqongophala kweenkcazo zenjongo yokutshabalalisa. Sekunjalo, eyona nto ibalulekileyo ngokusemthethweni ziziphumo zokutshatyalaliswa kohlanga, yaye yiloo nto umntu anokuyilindela ekuba umhlaba wabantu awuqhekeze, awutyhefe, wenze ukuba ungahlali mntu.

Xa isivumelwano sokuvala ukubulawa kwabantu sasiyilwa ngo-1947, kwangaxeshanye amaNazi ayesaxoxwa, kwaye ngelixa oosonzululwazi bakarhulumente wase-US babezama abantu baseGuatemala ngegcushuwa, "abahlohli" bakarhulumente waseCanada babesenza "uvavanyo lwesondlo" kuMthonyama. abantwana — oko kukuthi, ukubabulala ngendlala. Uyilo lokuqala lomthetho omtsha lubandakanya ulwaphulo-mthetho lokubulawa kwabantu ngokwenkcubeko. Ngelixa oku kwahluthwa ngokubongozwa kweCanada kunye ne-United States, yahlala ikwimo yento ethi "e" ngasentla. ICanada isivumile isivumelwano nangona kunjalo, kwaye nangona isoyikisa ukongeza ugcino kuqinisekiso lwayo, khange yenze loo nto. Kodwa iCanada yenze umthetho wayo wasekhaya kuphela izinto "a" kunye "no"c" - ishiya nje "b," "d," kunye no "e" kuluhlu olungasentla, ngaphandle kwesinyanzelo somthetho sokuzibandakanya. KwaneUnited States inakho ziquka into Canada eshiyiweyo.

IKhanada kufuneka ivalwe (njengokuba kufanele ukuba iUnited States) ide ibone ukuba inengxaki kwaye iqala ukulungisa iindlela zayo. Kwaye nokuba iCanada ibingadingi kuvalwa, i-CANSEC kuya kufuneka ivalwe.

I-CANSEC sesinye sezona zixhobo zikhulu zonyaka zibonisa kuMntla Merika. Nantsi indlela ezichaza ngayo, i Uluhlu lwababonisi, kunye noluhlu lwe amalungu eCanada Association of Defense and Security Industries ebamba i-CANSEC.

I-CANSEC iququzelela indima yaseCanada njenge umthengisi omkhulu wezixhobo kwihlabathi, kunye nesibini esikhulu sokuthengisa izixhobo kuMbindi Mpuma. Ngokunjalo nokungazi. Ekupheleni kweminyaka yoo-1980 nenkcaso umanduleli we-CANSEC obizwa ngokuba yi-ARMX wenze uninzi losasazo lweendaba. Isiphumo yaba lulwazi olutsha loluntu, olukhokelele ekuvalweni kwemiboniso yezixhobo kwipropathi yesixeko e-Ottawa, eyathatha iminyaka engama-20.

Umsantsa oshiywe kukuthula kwemithombo yeendaba malunga nokujongana nezixhobo zaseCanada uzaliswe ngamabango alahlekisayo malunga nendima yaseCanada ekucingelwa ukuba ingumlondolozi woxolo kwaye uthatha inxaxheba kwiimfazwe ekucingelwa ukuba zezobuntu, kunye nesizathu esingekho semthethweni seemfazwe ezaziwa ngokuba "luxanduva lokukhusela."

Ngokwenyani, iCanada ngumthengisi omkhulu kunye nomthengisi wezixhobo kunye namacandelo ezixhobo, kunye nabathengi bayo ababini abaphezulu yi-United States kunye neSaudi Arabia. IUnited States lilizwe lehlabathi umthengisi ohamba phambili kunye nomthengisi wezixhobo, ezinye zazo zineenxalenye zaseKhanada. Ababonisi beCANSEC babandakanya iinkampani zezixhobo ezivela eCanada, eUnited States, eUnited Kingdom, nakwezinye iindawo.

Akukho mahluko angako phakathi kwamazwe azizityebi athengisa ngezixhobo kunye nezizwe apho kusiliwa khona iimfazwe. Izixhobo zase-US zihlala zifunyanwa kumacala omabini emfazwe, zihlekisa ngayo nayiphi na ingxabano ye-pro-war yokuziphatha kwezo ntengiso yezixhobo.

Iwebhusayithi ye-CANSEC ka-2020 izingca ngokuba amajelo eendaba angama-44 asekhaya, esizwe, kunye namazwe aphesheya azakuya kubhengezo olukhulu lwezixhobo zemfazwe. Umnqophiso Wezizwe Ngezizwe Wamalungelo Oluntu NawezoPolitiko, iKhanada ebiyinxalenye yawo ukususela ngo-1976, uthi “Nakuphi na ukusasazwa kwemfazwe kuya kwalelwa ngumthetho.”

Izixhobo eziboniswe kwi-CANSEC zihlala zisetyenziswa ngokwaphula imithetho echasene nemfazwe, efana neCharter ye-UN kunye ne-Kellogg-Briand Pact - rhoqo ngummelwane waseCanada osemazantsi. I-CANSEC isenokwaphula iSitembu saseRome seNkundla yoLwaphulo-mthetho yaMazwe ngaMazwe ngokukhuthaza izenzo zobundlobongela. Nantsi ingxelo Ukuthunyelwa kwezixhobo zaseCanada ezithunyelwa eUnited States kwimfazwe yolwaphulo-mthetho eyaqala ngo-2003 e-Iraq. Nantsi ingxelo ekusebenziseni izixhobo zaseKhanada kuloo mfazwe.

Izixhobo eziboniswe kwi-CANSEC azisetyenziswanga nje ukwaphula imithetho enxamnye nemfazwe kodwa ukwaphulwa kwemithetho emininzi ebizwa ngokuba yimithetho yemfazwe, oko kukuthi kwikhomishini yezenzo ezimanyumnyezi, kunye nokunyhashwa kwamalungelo abantu amaxhoba. yoorhulumente bengcinezelo. Khanada uthengisela izixhobo oorhulumente abakhohlakeleyo baseBahrain, Egypt, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Thailand, United Arab Emirates, Uzbekistan, naseVietnam.

IKhanada isenokuba yaphula iSivumelwano saseRome ngenxa yokubonelela ngezixhobo ezisetyenziswa ngokwaphula lo Mthetho. Ngokuqinisekileyo kukwaphula iSivumelwano soRhwebelwano lweZizwe eziManyeneyo. Izixhobo zaseKhanada zisetyenziswa kwimbubhiso yaseSaudi-US eYemen.

Ngo-2015, uPopu uFrancis wathi phambi kweseshoni edibeneyo yeNkongolo yase-United States, "Kutheni izixhobo ezibulalayo zithengiswa kwabo baceba ukwenzakalisa abantu kunye noluntu? Okulusizi kukuba, impendulo, njengoko sonke sisazi, yeyemali nje: imali ezele ligazi, ngokufuthi igazi elimsulwa. Xa sijongana nolu kuthula kulihlazo nokubekek’ ityala, luxanduva lwethu ukujongana nale ngxaki kwaye siyeke ukurhweba ngezixhobo.”

Imanyano yamazwe ngamazwe yabantu kunye nemibutho iya kudibana e-Ottawa ngoMeyi ukuze ithi Hayi kwi-CANSEC ngothotho lweziganeko ezibizwa ngokuba. AkukhoWar2020.

Kule nyanga izizwe ezimbini, i-Iraq kunye nePhilippines, zixelele umkhosi wase-United States ukuba uphume. Oku kwenzeka rhoqo kunokuba unokucinga. Ezi zenzo ziyinxalenye yentshukumo efanayo exelela amapolisa aseKhanada amajoni ukuba aphume kumazwe angenamalungelo kuwo. Zonke izenzo zalo mbutho zinokukhuthaza kwaye zazise bonke abanye.