nguKathy Kelly. Aprili 27, 2017
Ngomhla wama-26 ku-Epreli, i-2017, kwisixeko sase-Yemen sase-Hodeidah, umfelandawonye okhokelwa yiSaudi osilwa imfazwe eYemen kule minyaka mibini idlulileyo wawisa amaphecana azisa abahlali baseHodeidah ngohlaselo oluzayo. Iphecana elinye lifundeka ngolu hlobo:
“Imikhosi yethu esemthethweni iza kukhulula iHodeidah kwaye iphelise ukubandezeleka kwabantu bethu baseYemeni. Joyina urhulumente wakho osemthethweni ngokuthanda iYemen ekhululekileyo neyonwabileyo. ”
Kwaye enye: "Ukulawulwa kwezibuko laseHodeidah ngabanqolobi baseHouthi kuya konyusa indlala kwaye kuthintele ukuhanjiswa koncedo lwehlabathi kubantu bethu baseYemeni."
Ngokuqinisekileyo amaphecana amele inqaku elinye leseti edidayo kunye nentsonkothileyo yamadabi agquba eYemen. Ukunikezelwa kweengxelo ezothusayo malunga neemeko ezikufutshane zendlala eYemen, kubonakala ngathi kuphela "icala" lokuziphatha elinokuthi likhethwe ngabantu bangaphandle liya kuba lelabantwana kunye neentsapho ezithwaxwa yindlala nezifo.
Nangona kunjalo i-US ithathe isigqibo sokuthatha icala lomanyano olukhokelwa yiSaudi. Cinga ngengxelo yeReuters, ngo-Ephreli 19, i-2017, emva kokuba uNobhala wezoKhuseleko wase-US uJames Mattis edibene namagosa aphezulu aseSaudi. Ngokwengxelo, amagosa ase-US athi "inkxaso yase-US kumfelandawonye okhokelwa yi-Saudi kwaxoxwa ngayo kubandakanya naluphi na uncedo olunokunikelwa yi-United States, kubandakanya nenkxaso yobukrelekrele enokubakho ..." Ingxelo yeReuters iphawula ukuba uMattis uyakholelwa "Impembelelo ephazamisayo ye-Iran kuMbindi Mpuma kuya kufuneka yoyiswe ukuze kupheliswe ungquzulwano eYemen, njengoko iUnited States inobunzima benkxaso kumanyano olukhokelwa yiSaudi apho.
Iran isenokuba ukubonelela ezinye izixhobo abavukeli Houthi, kodwa iKubalulekile ukucacisa ukuba yiyiphi inkxaso enikezwe yi-US kumfelandawonye okhokelwa yiSaudi. Ukusukela nge-21 kaMatshi 2016, Human Rights Watch Ingxelo yokuthengiswa kwezixhobo kulandelayo, ngo-2015 kurhulumente waseSaudi:
· NgoJulayi 2015, iSebe lezoKhuselo lase-US kuvunywe inani lezixhobo ezithengiswayo eSaudi Arabia, kubandakanywa ne-US $ 5.4 yebhiliyoni yesivumelwano se-600 Patriot Missiles kunye ne-500 yezigidi zeedola. ukujongana ngaphezu kwesigidi semijikelo yembumbulu, iziqhushumbisi zezandla, kunye nezinye izinto, kumkhosi waseSaudi.
· Ngokutsho kwe Uphononongo lweCongressional yase-US, phakathi kukaMeyi noSeptemba, i-US ithengise izixhobo ezixabisa i-$ 7.8 yezigidigidi kwi-Saudis.
· Ngo-Oktobha, urhulumente wase-US kuvunywe ukuthengiswa eSaudi Arabia ukuya kuthi ga kwiiNqanawa ezine ze-Lockheed Littoral Combat nge-11.25 yeebhiliyoni zeedola.
· NgoNovemba, i-US sayinwe isivumelwano sezixhobo neSaudi Arabia esixabisa i-1.29 yeebhiliyoni zeerandi ngaphezulu kwe-10,000 leembumbulu eziqhubela phambili zomoya ukuya kumphezulu eziquka iibhombu ezikhokelwa yilaser, iibhombu “zebunker buster”, kunye neebhombu zeMK84; iiSaudis zisebenzise zontathu eYemen.
Ukunika ingxelo malunga nendima ye-United Kingdom ekuthengiseni izixhobo kwi-Saudis, Iindaba zoxolo iphawula ukuba “Ukusukela oko kwaqala ukuqhushumba ngoMatshi ka-2015, i-UK inelayisensi ngaphezulu Izixhobo ezixabisa i-£3.3bn kurhulumente, kubandakanywa:
- I-£2.2 yebhiliyoni yexabiso leelayisenisi ze-ML10 (inqwelomoya, iihelicopter, iidrones)
- I-£1.1 yebhiliyoni yexabiso leelayisenisi zeML4 (iibhombu, iibhombu, imijukujelwa, amanyathelo okuthintela)
- I-£430,000 yeelayisensi zeML6 ezixabisa i-£XNUMX (izithuthi ezixhobileyo, amatanki)
Yintoni eyenziwa yimbumba ekhokelwa yiSaudi ngazo zonke ezi zixhobo? A UMkomishinala oPhakamileyo weZizwe eziManyeneyo wamaLungelo oLuntu Iphaneli yeengcali zifumanise ukuba:
Ubuncinci abantu abangama-3,200 5,700 babulewe kwaye abangama-60 benzakala ukusukela oko kwaqala ukusebenza emkhosini womanyano, iipesenti ezingama-XNUMX kubo kuqhushululu lweenqwelomoya.
A Ingxelo yengxelo yamaLungelo oluNtu, ebhekisela kwizinto ezifunyaniswe liphaneli yeZizwe Ezimanyeneyo, iphawula ukuba igqiza libhale ngohlaselo kwiinkampu zabantu abafudukele kwiindawo zabo kunye neembacu; iimbutho zabahlali, kuquka imitshato; izithuthi zabantu, kubandakanywa iibhasi; iindawo zokuhlala ezihlala abantu; amaziko onyango; izikolo; iimosque; iimarike, iifektri kunye neendawo zokugcina ukutya; kunye nezinye iziseko ezingundoqo zasekuhlaleni, ezifana nesikhululo seenqwelomoya eSana'a, izibuko laseHodeidah kunye neendlela zokuhamba zasekhaya.
Iikhreyini ezintlanu eHodeidah ebezifudula zisetyenziselwa ukuthulula iimpahla kwiinqanawa ezifika kwisixeko esisezibukweni zatshatyalaliswa ziinqwelomoya zaseSaudi. I-70% yokutya kwe-Yemen idlula kwisixeko sasechwebeni.
Iinqwelomoya zomdibaniso waseSaudi zibethe ubuncinane izibhedlele ezine ezixhaswayo Oogqirha Ngaphandle kwemida.
Ngenxa yezi zinto zifunyanisiweyo, amaphecana abhabha ehla esuka kwijethi yaseSaudi kwisixeko esixineneyo saseHodeidah, ekhuthaza abahlali ukuba babe ngakwicala leSaudis "ekuthandeni iYemen ekhululekileyo neyonwabileyo" ibonakala ingaqhelekanga.
Imibutho yeZizwe Ezimanyeneyo iye yakhwaza ifuna uncedo loluntu. Nangona kunjalo indima edlalwe liBhunga lezoKhuseleko leZizwe eziManyeneyo ekubizeni uthethathethwano ibonakala ngathi ayifezekanga. Ngomhla we-14 kuTshazimpuzi, ngo-2016, ISigqibo se-UN Security Council 2216 unyanzelise ukuba "onke amaqela akwilizwe eliziingxabano, ngakumbi iHouthis, ngokukhawuleza kwaye ngaphandle kwemiqathango ukuphelisa ubundlobongela kwaye ayeke ukwenza izinto ezichaseneyo ezisongela inguqu yezopolitiko." Akukho ndawo apho iSaudi Arabia ikhankanywe kwiSigqibo.
Ukuthetha ngoDisemba 19, 2016, uSheila Carpico, uNjingalwazi weNzululwazi yezoPolitiko kwiYunivesithi yaseRichmond kunye nengcali ehamba phambili yaseYemen ebizwa ngokuba yiBhunga lezoKhuseleko le-UN lixhase iingxoxo ihlaya elikhohlakeleyo.
Olu thethwano lusekelwe kwizigqibo zeBhunga lezoKhuseleko le-UN 2201 kwaye 2216. Isigqibo se-2216 se-14 ku-Epreli 2015, sifundeka ngathi iSaudi Arabia ngumlamli ongakhethi cala kunokuba ibe yinxalenye yongquzulwano olukhulayo, kwaye ngokungathi i-GCC "isicwangciso senguqu" inikezela "inkqubo enoxolo, ebandakanyayo, ecwangcisiweyo kunye nekhokelwa yiYemeni. ihlangabezana neemfuno ezisemthethweni kunye neminqweno yabantu baseYemeni, kuquka nabasetyhini. "
Nangona kunqabile iiveki ezintathu kungenelelo olukhokelwa yi-Saudi, uSekela-Nobhala-Jikelele we-UN wamalungelo oluntu wathi uninzi lwabantu abangama-600 esele bebulewe yayingamaxhoba e-Saudi kunye ne-Coalition airstrikes, i-UNSC 2216 yabiza kuphela "amaqela ase-Yemeni" ukuba aphelise. ukusetyenziswa kobundlobongela. Akuzange kukhankanywe ngokungenelela okukhokelwa yiSaudi. Ngokukwanjalo kwakungekho mnxeba wokunqumama kobuntu okanye ipaseji.
Isigqibo seBhunga lezoKhuseleko le-UN sibonakala simangalisa njengamaphecana ahanjiswa ziijethi zaseSaudi.
