NguKrishen Mehta, IKomiti yaseMelika yeNgxelo ye-US-Russia, NgoMeyi 4, 2021
Ukuza kwilizwe elisaphuhlayo, ndinombono owahlukileyo wesohlwayo kuba indenze ndakwazi ukubona iintshukumo zase-US kuzo zombini izinto ezintle nezingalunganga.
Okokuqala into elungileyo: Emva kwenkululeko yase-Indiya ngo-1947, amaziko ayo amaninzi (kubandakanya neeYunivesithi zobunjineli, iZikolo zamayeza, njalo njalo) anenkxaso yezobuchwephesha nezemali evela e-United States. Oku kweza ngohlobo loncedo oluthe ngqo, ukusebenzisana ngokudibeneyo namaziko aseMelika, ukundwendwela abafundi, kunye nolunye utshintsho. Ukukhula e-Indiya sabona oku njengomboniso oqinisekileyo waseMelika. Amaziko eTekhnoloji, apho ndaba nelungelo lokufumana isidanga sam sobunjineli nabo baphumelela abaphengululi abanjengoSundar Photosi, umphathi wangoku weMicrosoft, kunye noSatya Nadella, umphathi we-Microsoft wangoku. Ukukhula kweSilicon Valley bekuyinxalenye ngenxa yezi zenzo zesisa kunye nentando entle efundiswe ngabaphengululi kwamanye amazwe. Abaphengululi abakhange basebenzele amazwe abo kuphela kodwa baqhubeka nokwabelana ngeetalente zabo kunye neshishini labo apha eMelika. Yayimpumelelo kuwo omabini amacala, kwaye imele eyona ibalaseleyo eMelika.
Ngoku kungenjalo: Ngelixa abanye babafundi bethu beze kusebenza e-US, abanye baya kusebenza kuqoqosho oluhlumayo olwahlumayo njenge-Iraq, i-Iran, iSyria, i-Indonesia namanye amazwe. Abanye abafundi abaphumeleleyo abaya kula mazwe, kwaye ndandihlala nabo, ndabona icala elahlukileyo kumgaqo-nkqubo waseMelika. Abo bancedileyo ekwakheni iziseko zophuhliso eIraq naseSyria, umzekelo, bayibona itshabalaliswa kakhulu zizenzo zase-US. Iindawo zokunyanga amanzi, izityalo zogutyulo, imijelo yokunkcenkceshela, iindlela, izibhedlele, izikolo kunye neekholeji, uninzi loontanga bam abancedileyo ekwakheni (besebenza ngokusondeleyo neenjineli zaseIraq) zajikwa zayinkunkuma. Abaliqela endisebenza nabo kwezonyango babone ukuxhaphaka kwabantu ngenxa yesohlwayo esibangele ukunqongophala kwamanzi acocekileyo, umbane, ii-antibiotics, i-insulin, i-anesthetics yamazinyo, kunye nezinye iindlela zokuphila. Babenamava okubona abantwana besifa ezandleni zabo ngenxa yokunqongophala kwamayeza okulwa ikholera, isifo sephepha, imasisi nezinye izifo. Aba bafundi baphumeleleyo baba ngamangqina kwizigidi zabantu ababandezeleka ngokungeyomfuneko ngenxa yezohlwayo zethu. Yayingeyompumelelo kulo naliphi na icala, kwaye yayingamelanga eyona ibalaseleyo eMelika.
Yintoni esiyibonayo namhlanje? I-US inezohlwayo ngokuchasene namazwe angama-30, kufutshane nesinye kwisithathu sabemi behlabathi. Xa ubhubhane waqala kwangoko kwi-2020, uRhulumente wethu wazama ukuthintela i-Iran ekuthengeni iimaski zokuphefumla ezivela phesheya kolwandle, kunye nezixhobo ze-thermal imaging ezinokubona intsholongwane emiphungeni. Sivotile i-5 yeebhiliyoni zeerandi zemali mboleko engxamisekileyo eyayifunwe yi-Iran kwi-IMF ukuba ithenge izixhobo kunye namayeza okugonya kwintengiso yangaphandle. IVenezuela inenkqubo ebizwa ngokuba yi-CLAP, yinkqubo yokwabiwa kokutya kwiintsapho ezizizigidi ezithandathu rhoqo kwiiveki ezimbini okanye njalo, ukubonelela ngezinto eziyimfuneko njengokutya, amayeza, ingqolowa, irayisi kunye nokunye ukutya. I-US ibizama kaninzi ukuphazamisa le nkqubo ibalulekileyo njengendlela yokwenzakalisa urhulumente kaNicolas Maduro. Usapho ngalunye lufumana ezi pakethi phantsi kwe-CLAP enamalungu amane, le nkqubo ixhasa malunga ne-24 yezigidi zeentsapho, kubantu abangama-28 ezigidi eVenezuela. Kodwa isohlwayo sethu sinokwenza ukuba le nkqubo ingakwazi ukuqhubeka. Ngaba le yi-US ngokusemgangathweni? Izigwebo zikaKesare ezichasene neSyria zibangela ingxaki enkulu yoluntu kwelo lizwe. I-80% yabemi ngoku iwele ngaphantsi komda wentlupheko ngenxa yeZohlwayo. Ukusuka kwimbono yomgaqo-nkqubo wezangaphandle isohlwayo zibonakala ziyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yezixhobo zethu, nokuba ithini na ingxaki yabantu. UJames Jeffreys, ozakuzo wethu iminyaka emininzi, uthe injongo yezohlwayo kukuguqula iSyria ibe yingxoxo yeRussia ne Iran. Kodwa akukho kunakanwa kwengxaki yoluntu eye yabangelwa ngabantu abaqhelekileyo baseSyria. Sihlala kumhlaba weoyile yaseSyria ukuthintela ilizwe ekubeni nezixhobo zemali ukuze libuyiselwe kwimeko yalo, kwaye sihlala kumhlaba otyebileyo wezolimo ukubathintela ekufikeleleni ekutyeni. Ngaba le Melika yeyona nto ibalaseleyo?
Makhe siye eRashiya. Nge-15 ka-Epreli i-US ibhengeze isohlwayo ngokuchasene neTyala likaRhulumente wase-Russia ngenxa yokungenelela kunyulo luka-2020 kunye nohlaselo lwe-cyber. Ngokwengxenye ngenxa yezi zigwebo, nge-27 ka-Epreli, i-Russian Central Bank ibhengeze ukuba inzala iya kunyuka ukusuka kwi-4.5% ukuya kwi-5%. Oku kudlala ngomlilo. Ngelixa ityala likaKumkani waseRussia limalunga ne- $ 260 Billion kuphela, cinga ukuba imeko ibuyisiwe. I-US inetyala layo lesizwe elikufutshane ne- $ 26 Trillion, apho ngaphezulu kwe-30% ibanjwe ngamazwe angaphandle. Ungathini ukuba i-China, i-Japan, i-Indiya, i-Brazil, i-Russia kunye namanye amazwe ala ukuvuselela amatyala abo okanye bagqiba kwelokuba bathengise? Kunokubakho ukunyuka okukhulu kwenzala, ukungabinamali, ukungabikho kwemisebenzi kunye nokudodobala okumangalisayo kwedola yaseMelika. Uqoqosho lwase-US lunokuzibonakalisa kuqoqosho lweqondo loxinzelelo ukuba onke amazwe ayaphuma. Ukuba asiyifuni le nto ngokwethu, kutheni siyifunela amanye amazwe? I-US ibinezohlwayo nxamnye neRussia ngenxa yezizathu ezininzi, kwaye uninzi lwazo luvela kwimbambano yase-Ukraine ngo-2014. ukanti sifuna ukubenzakalisa ngakumbi. I-Russia inemithombo emithathu ephambili yengeniso, kwaye sinezohlwayo kuyo yonke: icandelo leoyile kunye negesi, ishishini labo lokuthumela ngaphandle, kunye necandelo lezemali eligcina uqoqosho luqhubeka. Ithuba abantu abatsha abanalo lokuqalisa amashishini, lokuboleka imali, lokuthatha umngcipheko, libotshelelwe kwinxalenye yecandelo labo lezemali kwaye ngoku liphantsi koxinzelelo olukhulu ngenxa yezohlwayo. Ngaba yinyani le nto ifunwa ngabantu baseMelika?
Kukho izizathu ezimbalwa ezisisiseko zokuba kutheni umgaqo-nkqubo wethu wonke wezohlwayo kufuneka ujongwe kwakhona. Ezi zezi: 1) Isohlwayo ziye zaba yindlela yokuba 'nomgaqo-nkqubo wezangaphandle kwixabiso eliphantsi' ngaphandle kweziphumo zasekhaya, kwaye zavumela lo 'mthetho wemfazwe' ukuba ungene endaweni yediplomacy, ubuncinci emfazweni kukho iinkqubo ezithile okanye iindibano zokonzakalisa abantu. Ngaphantsi kolawulo lweSanctions, abantu abahlali benzakaliswa rhoqo, kwaye uninzi lwazo lujolise ngqo kubantu, 2) Isohlwayo yindlela yamazwe aguqula umngeni kumandla ethu, ubundlobongela bethu, umbono wethu ongathandekiyo wehlabathi, 3) Isohlwayo azinaxesha, ezi 'zenzo zemfazwe' zinokuqhubeka ixesha elide ngaphandle komceli mngeni kuLawulo okanye kwiCongress. Ziba yinxalenye yeeMfazwe zethu eziNgunaphakade. 4) Uluntu lwaseMelika luwela kwiSanctions ngalo lonke ixesha, kuba zifakwe phantsi kwamalungelo oluntu, ezimele ukongama kokuziphatha kwethu kwabanye. Uluntu aluwuqondi ncam umonzakalo owenziwa ziSanctions zethu, kwaye ezo ngxoxo ziye zagcinwa kwimithombo yethu yeendaba. 5) Ngenxa yesohlwayo, sibeka emngciphekweni wokuhlukanisa abantu abancinci kumazwe achaphazelekayo, kuba ubomi babo kunye nekamva labo lisengozini ngenxa yesohlwayo. Aba bantu banokuba ngamaqabane nathi kwikamva elinoxolo kunye noxolo, kwaye asinakukwazi ukuphulukana nobuhlobo babo, inkxaso yabo kunye nentlonipho yabo.
Ndingathanda ke ngoko ukuba lixesha lokuba umgaqo-nkqubo wethu wezohlwayo uhlolwe yiCongress kunye noLawulo, ukuze kubekho ingxoxo yoluntu ngokubanzi malunga nabo, kwaye nathi sibuyele kwi-diplomacy kunokuba siqhubeke nale 'ye-Forever Wars' ngezohlwayo eziluhlobo nje lwemfazwe yezoqoqosho. Ndikwabonisa indlela esele ihambe ngayo ukusuka ekwakheni izikolo kunye neeyunivesithi phesheya, sithumela amadoda nabafazi bethu abancinci njengamalungu amabutho oxolo, kwimeko yangoku yeziseko zomkhosi ezingama-800 kumazwe angama-70 kunye nezohlwayo phantse kwisithathu sabemi behlabathi . Isohlwayo azibonisi ezona zinto zilungileyo abantu baseMelika ekufuneka bezinikezele, kwaye azibonisi ububele nemfesane yabantu baseMelika. Ngezi zizathu, ulawulo lwezohlwayo kufuneka luphele kwaye lixesha ngoku.
UKrishen Mehta ulilungu leBhodi ye-ACURA (IKomiti yaseMelika ye-US Russia Accord). Iqabane langaphambili kwi-PwC kwaye kungoku nje liQabane eliPhezulu lezezoBulungisa kwiYunivesithi yaseYale.
