nguPatrick T. Hiller
Ukusetyenziswa kwezithuthi njengezixhobo zokubulala abantu kuye kwabangela uloyiko nengqalelo yehlabathi lonke. Uhlaselo olunjalo lunokwenziwa nakweyiphi na indawo ehlala abantu, ngokuchaseneyo nalo naliphi na iqela labantu, nguye nabani na ononxibelelwano okanye ngaphandle konxibelelwano lweengcamango ezikhuthaza uloyiko, intiyo kunye noloyiko.
Asifuni iingcali ukuba zisixelele ukuba phantse akunakwenzeka ukuthintela ukuhlaselwa okunjalo. Izihlaselo ezimbini eziphawulekayo e-US yayizezo zikaJames A. Fields Jr., owabetha imoto yakhe kwisihlwele sabaqhankqalazi abangenalo ubundlobongela eCharlottesville, eVirginia ebulala omnye kwaye wenzakalisa i-19, kunye no-Sayfullo Saipov oqhube ngamabomu ilori phantsi kwindlela yebhayisekile ebulala. ezisibhozo kwaye zenzakalisa i-11 ubuncinane. Basebenza egameni "eMelika emhlophe," kunye nokusekwa kwe-caliphate entsha yamaSilamsi kuMbindi Mpuma, ngokulandelelana. Impendulo ebalulekileyo, ngokukhawuleza kunye nexesha elide kukwahlula ingcamango yentiyo kwabo bantu kunye neenkolelo abahlaseli abathi bamele.
Abo benza ezo zenzo abaze bamele uninzi lwabantu abathi bayabalwela. IFields ayizange imele abantu abamhlophe abazizigidi ezingama-241 eUnited States, kanye njengokuba uSaipov engazange amele amaSilamsi amalunga nezigidi ezingama-400 kuMbindi Mpuma okanye amaUzbek angama-33 ezigidi zelizwe lakhe lokuzalwa. Noko ke, izityholo ezingenasihlahla zithetha ukuthi “thina” ngokuchasene “nabo,” yaye “omnye” liqela elimele loyikwe, lithiywe, litshatyalaliswe. Le mpendulo isetyenziswa ziinkokeli ezichongiweyo zeqela labanqolobi kunye namagosa ethu karhulumente ngokufanayo.
Ubudlelwane bentlalontle bumanzi kakhulu kunokuba ipropaganda "yethu / bona" icebisa. Isifundiswa soxolo UJohn Paul Lederach uyamema us ukujonga i-spectrum apho sinemibutho kunye nabantu abakhuthaza ngenkuthalo kwaye baqhubele phambili uloyiko kunye nobundlobongela kwelinye icala, kunye nabo bangenalo unxibelelwano ngokupheleleyo kwelinye icala. Iziko elibanzi le-spectrum lenziwe ngabo banonxibelelwano oluthile-abafunwayo okanye abangafunekiyo-ngemvelaphi ekwabelwana ngayo (yonqulo), izixhumanisi zeentsapho ezandisiweyo, ijografi, uhlanga okanye ezinye izinto. Ukungakhathali, ukuthula, kunye nokungathathi hlangothi kulo mfanekiso akuloncedo. Ukugwetywa okuphangaleleyo kunye nomanyano ngabo bahlaseli abathi bamele bayalisusa ibango labo lokwenza okulungileyo ngakumbi. Kanye njengosekela-komishinala wezobuntlola kunye nokuchasana nobunqolobi kwisiXeko saseNew York uJohn Miller wachaza ngokucacileyo ukuba amaSilamsi akananxaxheba kuhlaselo lukaSaipov, into yokuba amaqela ahlukeneyo agxeka kwaye aqhankqalaza ukongama kwabamhlophe eCharlottesville, yanceda ukubahlukanisa bobabini abahlaseli kunye neengcinga zabo. I-"thina" iba sisininzi esicacileyo sabo bathabatha icala ngokuchasene nogonyamelo egameni lengcamango. "Bona" ngoku bangabadlali abanobundlobongela bodwa ngaphandle kwenkxaso esemthethweni, le yokugqibela isisithako esibalulekileyo sokuqesha amalungu, ukhuseleko kunye nezixhobo.
Ukusabela kwamathumbu xa kubulawa abantu abamsulwa kukwenza okuthile. Kwimeko yohlaselo lwaseNew York, ukubiza umhlaseli "sisilwanyana esibi," sibiza imigaqo-nkqubo yokufudukela kwelinye ilizwe, kunye nokwanda kohlaselo lomkhosi kwilizwe elikwisiqingatha sehlabathi-zonke iimpendulo ezithunyelwe nguMongameli uTrump-zibi kakhulu kunokuba zingenamsebenzi.
Ukuba sinokufunda nantoni na ekuhlaselweni kwezithuthi kubemi, kukuba imfazwe yomkhosi woloyiko iluncedo njengokuvalwa kweemoto. Imfazwe yomkhosi woloyiko ayinakoyiswa ngokuyilwa. Ukunyuka kweempendulo zomkhosi kuthumela umqondiso wokuba ukuhlaselwa kwezithuthi kusebenza njengamaqhinga liqela elingaphantsi kwezempi. Uphando lubonisa ukuba isenzo somkhosi sisoloko sisixhobo esingasebenziyo nesingenamveliso ekulweni nabanqolobi. Izikhalazo kunye namabali asetyenziswa ngamaqela abanqolobi zondliwa zizenzo zomkhosi—abaqeshwa abatsha bawela ezandleni zabo. Ekuphela kwendlela enokwenzeka kukulungisa oonobangela.
Akumangalisi ukuba ezinye iingcambu ezibangela ukuhlaselwa kwezizwe ezimhlophe-kunye ne-ISIS-eziphefumlelweyo ziyafana-ezibonwayo okanye zokwenyani, ukuhlukaniswa, ukuvinjwa, kunye nobudlelwane bamandla obungalinganiyo. Kuyavunywa ukuba, ezi zizathu zifuna iinguqu ezinzulu ngakumbi kuluntu. Ngelixa kunzima, iintshukumo ezininzi zamalungelo -abantu, abahlali, abafazi, LGBT, inkolo, njalo njalo-ibonisa ukuba sinokwakhela phezu kwezo nangamaxesha anzima.
Kwaye sijongana njani namaqela abagrogrisi okwangoku? Okokuqala, eyona ndlela ichaziweyo kunye neyona ndlela yokujongana noonobangela sele ithatha inkuthazo kunye nenkxaso esemthethweni yalo naluphi na uhlobo lobugrogrisi. Okwesibini, i-ISIS inokubalwa ngokuthe ngqo ngokuqalisa izixhobo kunye nezixhobo eziya kuMbindi Mpuma, ukuxhasa uluntu lwaseSyria, ukufuna idiplomacy enentsingiselo kunye nabo bonke abadlali, izigwebo zezoqoqosho kwi-ISIS kunye nabaxhasi, ukuhoxiswa kwemikhosi yase-US kummandla, kunye nenkxaso. lokuchaswa kwabantu ngokungenabundlobongela. Ukungabikho kobugwenxa bokudala kukwayenye yeendlela ezilungileyo zokuchasana ngokuthe ngqo nezenzo zoluntu zobukhulu obumhlophe. Xa abantu abamhlophe bematsha, banokuba baninzi, banokuba njalo uhlekisiwe, yaye banokwenziwa abahlobo baze batshintshwe. UDaryl Davis, imvumi emnyama, wabuza abantu abaninzi ukuba “Ningandithiya njani ukuba anindazi nokundazi?” Wafumana Amalungu angama-200 e-KKK ashiye iKlan.
Akukho sicombululo somlingo sokuphelisa iindlela zobugrogrisi ekuxoxwa ngazo. Noko ke, zininzi iindlela esinokusabela ngazo kwiinqwelo-mafutha ezisetyenziswa njengezixhobo ezenza ukuba iziganeko ezinjalo zingenzeki kangako kwixesha elizayo. Ukuba asizisebenzisi ezi ndlela, akungenxa yokuba zingekho, kodwa ngenxa yemiqathango ebekwe ngokwenziwa, ukungabi namdla, okanye ukuzicingela. Uluhlu olubanzi lwentlalo lusinika ithuba elaneleyo ngokwemixholo yethu yokuthatha indawo ekhutshiswayo isuke kubanqolobi kwaye ichithe nayiphi na ingcamango enentiyo kwiingcambu zayo.
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UPatrick. T. Hiller, Ph.D., edibeneyo PeaceVoice, nguNtsholongwane wokuTshintshiselwa koMququzeleli, uprofesa, osebenza kwiBhunga elilawulayo loMbutho woPhando loPhuhliso lwaMazwe ngamazwe (2012-2016), ilungu leQela loKhuseleko kunye noKhuseleko, kunye noMlawuli we-War Prevention Initiative yeJubitz Family Foundation.
