(Eli candelo le-37 le World Beyond War iphepha elimhlophe Inkqubo Yokhuseleko Yomhlaba Wonke: Inye indlela eya kwiMfazwe. Qhubeka phambili | okulandelayo icandelo.)
Inqaku 42 le Tshatha inika IBhunga lezoKhuseleko uxanduva lokugcina nokubuyisela uxolo. Kukuphela komzimba weUN onegunya elibophelelayo kumazwe angamalungu. IBhunga alinamkhosi oxhobileyo ukwenza izigqibo zalo; endaweni yoko, inegunya elibophelelayo lokubiza imikhosi exhobileyo yamazwe angamalungu. Nangona kunjalo ukwakhiwa kunye neendlela zeBhunga lezoKhuseleko zihlala zikho kwaye zisebenza ngokuncinci ekugcineni okanye ukubuyisela uxolo.
ukwakhiwa
IBhunga lenziwa ngamalungu e-15, i-5 isisigxina. La ngamagunya oyise kwiMfazwe yesibini (II, Russia, UK, France, ne China). Bangamalungu anamandla e-veto. Ngexesha lokubhalwa kwi1945, bafuna le meko okanye babengekhe bavume ukuba i-UN ibekho. Ezi zihlanu zihlala zikwabango kwaye zinezihlalo ezikhokelayo kumabhunga olawulo ezona komiti ziphambili ze-UN, zibanike inani elingafaniyo nelingakhethiyo kwinkululeko.
Umhlaba utshintshe kakhulu kule minyaka ingamashumi idlulileyo. I-UN ihambile kumalungu e-50 yaya kwi-193, kwaye iibhalansi zabemi zitshintshile kakhulu. Ngapha koko, indlela izihlalo zeBhunga lezoKhuseleko ezabelwe ngayo imimandla ye-4 ikwangachazwanga kunye neYurophu kunye ne-UK enezihlalo ze4 ngelixa i-Latin America ine-1 kuphela. I-Afrika nayo ibonakalisiwe. Kunqabile ukuba isizwe samaSilamsi simelwe kwiBhunga. Kulixesha elidlulileyo ukulungisa le meko ukuba i-UN ifuna ukuyalela inhlonipho kule mimandla.
Kwakhona, uhlobo lwezisongelo kuxolo nokhuseleko lutshintshe kakhulu. Ngexesha lokusekwa kwamalungiselelo akhoyo ngoku inokuba nengqondo inikwe isidingo semvumelwano yamandla amakhulu kwaye izoyikiso eziphambili zoxolo nokhuseleko zibonwe ngathi zizixhobo. Ngelixa ubundlongondlongo besisongelo- kunye nelungu elisisigxina e-United States oyena mntu uphinda abuye - amandla amakhulu emkhosini phantse angabalulekanga kwizoyikiso ezininzi ezikhoyo namhlanje ezibandakanya ukufudumala kwehlabathi, ii-WMD, iintshukumo zabantu, izoyikiso zezifo zehlabathi, ukurhweba ngezixhobo nolwaphulo-mthetho.
Esinye isiphakamiso kukunyusa inani leemimandla zonyulo kwi-9 apho ngalinye liza kuba nelungu elimileyo kunye nommandla ngamnye kunye namalungu e-2 ajikelezayo ukuba afake kwiBhunga leZitulo ze-27, ngaloo ndlela ebonisa ngokugqithiseleyo izinto eziphathekayo zelizwe, ezenkcubeko kunye noluntu.
Ukuhlaziya okanye ukususa iVeto
The veto Isebenza ngaphezulu kweendidi ezine zezigqibo: ukusetyenziswa kwamandla okugcina okanye ukubuyisela uxolo, ukuqeshwa kwisithuba seNobhala-Jikelele, izicelo zobulungu, nokulungisa uMgaqo-nkqubo kunye nemicimbi yenkqubo enokuthi ithintele imibuzo ekuzeni nasezantsi. Kwakhona, kweminye imizimba, i-5 engapheliyo idla ngokuzivocavoca i-de facto veto. KwiBhunga, i-veto isetyenziswe amaxesha e-265, ubukhulu becala yi-US kunye ne-Soviet Union yangaphambili, ukuthintela isenzo, ngokuvame ukunikezela ukungabi namandla kwe-UN.
I-veto icola iBhunga lezoKhuseleko. Asinto ingalunganga kakhulu kuba ivumela ababambisi ukuthintela nasiphi na isenzo ngokunxamnye nezabo ngokwaphula uMgaqo-sivumelwano ukuthintela ubundlobongela. Isetyenziswe njengesixhobo sokukhusela imeko yabachaphazelekayo babo kwizenzo zeBhunga lezoKhuseleko. Isindululo esinye kukulahla i-veto. Enye into kukuvumela amalungu asisigxina ukuba achaze i-veto, kodwa amalungu e-3 ayiphosayo kuya kuba yimfuneko ukuvimba indibano. Imiba yenkqubo ayihambelani ne-veto.
Ezinye iiNguqulelo eziyimfuneko zeBhunga lezoKhuseleko
Iinkqubo ezintathu kufuneka zongezwe. Okwangoku akukho nto ifuna iBhunga lezoKhuseleko ukuba lenze. Ubuncinane iBhunga kufuneka lidingeke ukuba lithwale yonke imiba yongongelo uxolo kunye nokhuselo kwaye igqibe ukuba ingabachaphazela okanye cha ("Inxaxheba Yokunquma"). Okwesibini kukuba "Iimfuneko zokungabonakali." IBhunga kufuneka lichazwe izizathu zalo zokunquma okanye ukuthatha isigqibo sokungabandakanyi imbambano yokulwa. Ngaphezu koko, iBhunga liyahlangana ngasese malunga neepesenti ze-98 zexesha. Kancinci, iingxoxo zayo ezifunekayo zimele zibe zibala. Okwesithathu, "Injongo Yokubonisana" yayiya kufuna iBhunga ukuba ithathe amanyathelo alungelelaniso ukudibana neentlanga eziya kuchatshazelwa zizigqibo zayo.
(Qhubeka phambili | okulandelayo icandelo.)
Sifuna ukuva kuwe! (Nceda wabelane ngeengxelo ezingezantsi)
Oku kukhokelela njani nina ukucinga ngendlela eyahlukileyo malunga neendlela zokulwa nemfazwe?
Yintoni ongayongeza, okanye utshintshe okanye umbuzo malunga nalo?
Yintoni ongayenza ukuze uncede abantu abaninzi baqonde malunga nale ndlela yokulwa nemfazwe?
Ungathatha njani inyathelo ukwenza le nto ibe yimfazwe inyaniso?
Nceda wabelane ngokubanzi kweli nqaku!
Izithuba ezihambelanayo
Bona ezinye izithuba ezinxulumene nazo "Ukulawula iiNgxabano zamazwe ngamazwe kunye nezoBambiswano"
khangela Itafile epheleleyo ephakathi Inkqubo Yokhuseleko Yomhlaba Wonke: Inye indlela eya kwiMfazwe
