NguDavid Swanson, Novemba 12, 2020
Incwadi entsha emnandi kaChris Lombardi ibizwa ngokuba andisahambi kwakhona: Abaphikisi, oDeserters, kunye nabaNqabileyo kwiiMfazwe zaseMelika. Yimbali entle yeemfazwe zase-US, kwaye zombini inkxaso kunye nokuphikisana nazo, kugxilwe kakhulu kwimikhosi nakumagqala, ukusuka kwi-1754 ukuza kuthi ga ngoku.
Awona mandla makhulu ale ncwadi bubunzulu beenkcukacha, ezona ngxelo zingafane ziviwe ngabaxhasi bemfazwe, abaxhathisi, abakhweli, abaqhankqalazi, nazo zonke izinto ezintsonkothileyo ezibamba abantu abaninzi ngaphezu kwesinye sezo ndidi. Kukho into endikhathazayo, kuba uthiyile ukufunda malunga nezizukulwana ngezizukulwana ezikhula zikholelwa ukuba imfazwe ilungile kwaye ilungile, kwaye afunde ukuba ayisiyiyo indlela enzima. Kodwa kukwakho umkhwa olungileyo obonakalayo ukutyhubela iinkulungwane, ukuqonda okukhulayo ukuba imfazwe ayizuki - ukuba ayibobulumko obugatya yonke imfazwe, ubuncinci umbono wokuba imfazwe kufuneka ithethelelwe ngandlela thile ngendlela engaqhelekanga.
Ngexesha le-revolution yase-US, amanye amajoni ayithabatha nzulu kakhulu into yokuba abaphathi bawo bathande ingcamango yokuba balwela amalungelo abemi abalinganayo. Bawafuna loo malungelo nanjengamajoni, kwaye bakreqa kwaye babeka esichengeni ukubulawa ukuze bawafumane. Ukungavisisani akuzange kuphele phakathi kwamabango okuba amajoni abulala ngenjongo yenkululeko namabango okuba amajoni awafanelwe yinkululeko.
Idrafti yoMqulu wamaLungelo yayiquka ilungelo lokungavumi ukuya emkhosini ngenxa yesazela. Inguqulelo yokugqibela ayizange yongezwe, kwaye ayizange yongezwe kuMgaqo-siseko. Kodwa iye yakhula njengelungelo ukusa kumlinganiselo othile. Umntu unokufumana ezo ndlela zintle ecaleni kwezi zimbi njengophuhliso lweendlela zokusasaza, kwaye zixutywe njengokuthotywa kunye nokuhamba kwamanqanaba ovavanyo.
Amagqala aqala imibutho yokuqala yoxolo ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane ye-19, kwaye ibe yinxalenye enkulu yokulwela uxolo ukusukela ngoko. IVeterans For Peace, umbutho obonakala kwizahluko zamva zale ncwadi, kule veki izama ukubuyisela uSuku lweArmistice kwiholide ngoku ebizwa ngokuba luSuku lwamaVeteran.
Amagqala achasene nemfazwe aphantse abe ngabantu abacinga ngemfazwe. Kodwa abantu abaninzi baye bangena emfazweni nasemkhosini ngelixa besithi sele beyichasile. Yaye inyambalala yamalungu omkhosi aye aphikisana ngawo onke amanqanaba. Incwadi kaLombardi ibandakanya zonke iintlobo zeeakhawunti ezithile, ukusuka ku-Ulysses Grant ukuya emfazweni yaseMexico ekholelwa ukuba yayiziphethe kakubi kunye nolwaphulo-mthetho, kubathathi-nxaxheba bakutshanje kwiimfazwe ezingavumelani noko bakwenzayo.
Okuxhaphake kakhulu kunokwala ukuthunyelwa ibe kukulahlwa. Okuncinci kunezo, kodwa ngokumangalisayo rhoqo, kuye kwahamba ukuya kwelinye icala-into ebonwa kwiimfazwe zaseMexico, kwiiPhilippines nakwezinye iindawo. Okuxhaphake ngakumbi kunako nakuphi na ukwala ukuthobela kukuthetha phandle emva kwenyani. Kule ncwadi sifumana iingxelo zemikhosi yase-US esebenzayo kunye namagqala emfazwe ukutyhubela iinkulungwane ethetha ngeeleta nakwimisitho yoluntu. Siyabona, umzekelo, ukuba iileta ezivela kwimikhosi yase-US eRashiya zanceda ukuphelisa imfazwe yase-US apho ngo-1919-1920.
Sikwafumana apha nembali yobugcisa obuchasene nemfazwe kunye noncwadi oluvela kumava amagqala alandela iimfazwe ezahlukeneyo - kodwa ngaphezulu kwayo (okanye ukuvalwa okuncinci) kulandela ezinye iimfazwe kunabanye. Ngokukodwa, i-WWII ibonakala isala emva kwezinye iimfazwe kunyango oluchasene nemfazwe ngeencwadi kunye neefilimu.
Kwizahluko zamva zale ncwadi, siza kumabali abantu abaninzi abaziwayo namhlanje nakwiminyaka yamva nje kumbutho woxolo. Nangona kunjalo, nalapha sifunda amasuntswana kunye neziqwenga ezintsha malunga nabahlobo bethu kunye namaqabane ethu. Kwaye sifunda malunga neendlela ekufuneka zizanywe ngokwenene kwakhona, ezinje ngo-1968 ukuwisa iiflaya ezichasene nemfazwe kwiziseko zomkhosi wase-US.
ULombardi unikela ingqalelo kula maphepha kwindlela amalungu omkhosi atshintsha ngayo iingqondo zawo. Amaxesha amaninzi eyona nto iphambili kukuba umntu abanike incwadi eyiyo. Le ncwadi inokugqiba ukudlala loo ndima ngokwayo.
Andisahambanga kwakhona ikwasinika ezinye zeembali ezihambayo zentshukumo yoxolo kunye nezinye iintshukumo, ezinje ngamalungelo oluntu. Intshukumo yoxolo yathatha isibetho esikhulu eUnited States xa iMfazwe yombango yayibotshelelwe kwisizathu esilungileyo (nangona uninzi lwehlabathi lwaphela ubukhoboka ngaphandle kwemfazwe enjalo-ihlabathi liphela alinakubalwa ekucingeni kwe-US, okanye kule nto. incwadi ngaloo nto). Kodwa ukuchasana neWWII kwanika amandla amakhulu kwintshukumo yamaLungelo oLuntu.
Ukuba ndinenkxalabo ngeakhawunti ebhalwe kakuhle, kukuba ekufundeni amaphepha okuqala yiakhawunti yamaxhoba aqhelekileyo eemfazwe ezininzi, ngelixa amaphepha amva eyi-akhawunti yamaxhoba eemfazwe. Ukususela kwiMfazwe Yehlabathi II ukuya phambili, inkoliso yamaxhoba emfazwe ibingabemi, kungekhona amajoni. Ke, le yincwadi ekhetha ukuba ngamajoni kwaye yenzeka nje njengoko ibuyela kwixesha elidlulileyo ukuze ibe yincwadi malunga nomonakalo owenziwe yimfazwe.
