NguKristin Christman
Ukutshutshiswa korhulumente wase-US kuboniswe kwingxelo yakutsha nje ye-Senate luphawu lwakutshanje lokuqulunqwa kwemigaqo-nkqubo yabangaphandle, ngezisongelo, ngokunyanzelwa, nokulawulwa kunokuba kusonjululwe ingxaki.
I-9 / 11 yayilubizo oluvukayo lokuthambekela komntu kwimicimbi ebalulekileyo, kodwa ke into yokulwa ubugqwetha endaweni yoko yathunyelwa ekuthetheni "ukuthothisa kunye nokutshabalalisa abarhanisi". Uhlalutyo olukhawulezileyo lweengcambu zobundlobongela nezikhuselayo zinokuba zabalawuli bomgaqo-nkqubo bajolise kwizisombululo ezifanelekileyo.
Abanqolobi bavezwa njengabanetyala legazi, kwaye abanye banjalo. Abanye banesiphene esibuhlungu sokuphalala kwegazi kunye nokuqaqanjelwa. Kodwa uninzi lwabanqolobi banomsindo ngokuthe ngqo ngokubulawa nokutshutshiswa ezandleni zoorhulumente babo okanye urhulumente wase-US.
U-Kamal el-Said Habib wase-Egypt, othathe inxaxheba ekubulaweni kuka-Anwar Sadat, ukucacisa ngokucacileyo ukubetheka okothusayo kwamabanjwa ezopolitiko e-Egypt. Amabanjwa ayakuva ukukhala kwamaqabane abaphethwe gadalala; Ukuhlukunyezwa kuzisa iintshukumo zobundlobongela kwaye kuphakamisa ukuzimisela ukufuna ukuziphindezela kunye nobulungisa. Ukanti iirhafu zase-US zixhase oobushiqela abakhohlakeleyo kwaye baxhasa ngezimali imikhosi yabo yezokhuseleko yangaphakathi.
Abantu abaninzi baseMelika banokuthi bajonge i-9 / 11 njengesitayile sokuqala esingavulelekanga esichasene ne-US, kodwa abanye bajonga ungquzulwano njengelwenziwe ishumi leminyaka. Ngokubhekisele kungquzulwano lweAl Qaeda / US, uKam uchaza ukuba i-9 / 11, ngelixa iyacekiseka, yayinye into eyayiqhubeka emfazweni eyaqala kwii-1990s, xa i-US ibhengeza ngokuzola imfazwe yamaSilamsi ngokunika amandla kukhuseleko lwangaphakathi lwabadanisi-baseMiddle iinkonzo e-Algeria, Egypt, nase Saudi Arabia ukubulala nokuvalela amashumi amawaka omkhosi.
Umlo ochasene nobugrogrisi uboniswa njengabalweli benkululeko vs abo basithiyayo ngenxa yokukhululeka kwethu. Kodwa abagrogrisi abaphucukanga, kwaye ngelixa abanye bengabacinezeli, abanye abaninzi balwa ngokuchanekileyo ngenxa yokuba bayenyanya inkohliso. AmaSilamsi, lawo amaSilamsi anqwenela ukuba oorhulumente bawo basekwe kwi-Sharia, yahluke, kunye nenkcazo ngurhulumente wamaSilamsi kunye neempawu ezinqwenelekayo zobomi bemihla ngemihla kwisizwe samaSilamsi ukusuka kulunge kunye nobuninzi kunesikhohlakali nesidelelayo.
Abanye banokudala urhulumente wengcinezelo wase-Saudi Arabia okanye ka-Taliban ngemithetho engahlaseliyo, iintloko, kunye nengcinezelo yabasetyhini. Nangona kunjalo amaSilamsi amaninzi afuna ukukhulisa iindlela zedemokhrasi kurhulumente esekwe kwimigaqo efanelekileyo yamaSilamsi Shura, ijma, kwaye maslah, kwaye bayijonga i-US njengobuhanahanisi ngokuchasene nokukhetha ubuSilamsi kunye nengcinezelo yeentshukumo zedemokhrasi.
Umqhubi wenqwelomoya we9 / 11 uMohammed Atta wayephawuleka kulutsha njengokungaze afune ukwenzakalisa nesinambuzane. Njengomfundi ophumeleleyo, wayekhathazekile kukuba ebengenakukwazi ukwenza umsebenzi wobunjineli waseburhulumenteni ukunceda amanye amaJamani, kuba iindevu zakhe kunye nembono yakhe yezentlalo zazithathwa njengezanele ngamapolisa ase-Egypt ukuba ambambe efanele ukubanjwa.
UAtta wayenomsindo wokuba urhulumente wakhe akazukunceda abahlwempuzekileyo eCairo kodwa endaweni yoko wakhe iihotele ezihotele zabakhenkethi njengoko ezivulela ubukapitali bengingqi yeNtshona. Ngaba ukukhathalela kwakhe iCairo kwakuqinisekisa ukuba i-9 / 11? Ungaze. Izenzo zakhe zazimbi, kodwa kukho imibono entlokweni yakhe enokuthi iconjelwe kakuhle.
I-Ataturk's Westernization eyindumasi yaseTurkey isongele amasiko enkcubeko kwaye yabangela ukwakhiwa kwe1928 ye-Muslim Brotherhood njengombutho ongenabundlobongela, wentlalo. Ngaba abongameli base-US abanazimvo ngeziphumo ezilungileyo nezingalunganga zeNtshona? Ngaba abongameli bacinga ukuba kufanelekile ukuxoxa ngebhombu?
U-Sayyid Qutb ubaphembelele kakhulu kubanqolobi bexesha elizayo ngokubhala "I-America Endiyibonileyo," isincoko esidumileyo esizaliswe ngumbono wakhe ombi wase-US ngexesha lotyelelo lwakhe lwe-1948. Ngaba umbono wakhe wayechanile? Skewed? Ngaba uyagxeka? Ukuba umsebenzi wakhe unamandla, kutheni iinkokheli zase-US zingaphuthi ukuze zibambisane ngokubambisana ngokubona kwakhe no-Mid-Easterners?
Uninzi lwabanqolobi luye lwazibonela into yokufuduka ngenxa yentshona, ukufudukela kwabantu edolophini, ukufuduka, ukungabikho komelo, umahluko weklasi, ukungabikho kothando lwasekhaya, okanye ukucalucalulwa kumazwe aphesheya. Ukwahlulwa ngokwesini kunye nokuqonda kwabantu ababhinqileyo njengamanyala, izihendo ezingcolileyo zijongela phantsi ubudlelwane obuhle boluntu. Ukanti kunokwenzeka njani ukuba iibhombu zibe namandla okuphelisa ubumbano?
UZacharias Moussaoui, i20th Ubunqolobi, ucaphukiswe kukungabi namakhaya kunye nokungakhathali kwabafundi ngaphakathi eNgilani kwaye bengakhathalelwanga ziimvakalelo ezichasene nabaphambukeli eFrance. Iibhombu ezenzakalisayo eNgilane kunye nabalwi -joyi abajoyine i-ISIS abavela e-Australia nazo bezikhokelwa lucalucalulo ngakwicala langaphandle.
Ngexesha leMfazwe yaseLebanon, amaSilamsi amaninzi, anjengeHicham Shihab, acaphuka ngenxa yokuqonda kwabo babenenxalenye ye-US ngenkxaso yamaKristu aseLebhanon. Uninzi luqinisekile nge-US-Zionist crusade yokulwa amazwe amaSilamsi. Ngaba ukungangenisi e-US kuqinisa ezi mvakalelo?
UHashmatullah, ngaphandle komsebenzi wezobuchwephesha zonxibelelwano, wajoyina iTaliban ukufumana umvuzo. I-Abu Suhaib ePakistan yafumana imfazwe ukubonelela ngenjongo kunye nokukhululeka kwisizungu. Ngaba umsebenzi ongengobundlobongela kunye neenkqubo zokuzihlaziya ezibambekayo azincedi ngaphezu kweebhombu?
Ngaba le nkcazo ingentla iyakhusela ukubulawa kwabanqolobi? Ungaze. Kutheni le nto amadoda angakhange akhethe unyango olungenalo ubundlobongela ngeengxaki zabo?
Kodwa kutheni, endaweni yokulwa nogonyamelo olungenaziqhamo, ingaba i-US yayingenakubanceda abantu baseMiddle-Easterners ukuba bangazidubuli nganto iingxaki zabo? Ukuba ngentsasa ye-9 / 11, u-Atta wayethathe isigqibo sokungayisebenzisi inqwelo moya kodwa endaweni yoko wakhetha ukubhala incwadi eya kurhulumente wase-US ecela uncedo malunga nokubandezeleka ngokwasemzimbeni nangokwezoqoqosho e-Egypt, ibingaphendula njani i-US?
Ukunika abantu abaphulaphuli abanomdla wokuva izikhalazo zabo kwaye ubanike namathuba wokungazilungisi ngobundilele iingxaki zabo kuya kuba luphawu oluqinisekileyo lomgaqo-nkqubo wase-US ongaphandle.
UKristin Y. Christman ungumlobi we I-Taxonomy yoxolo: Ukwahlula ngokubanzi kwemiSebenzi kunye ne-Escalators of Violence kunye ne-650 Solutions for Peace, Iprojekthi eyenziwe ngokuzimeleyo iqalile ngoSeptemba we-9/11 kwaye ibekwe kwi-Intanethi. Ungumama ofundela emakhaya onezidanga ezivela kwiKholeji yaseDartmouth, iYunivesithi yaseBrown, kunye neDyunivesithi yaseAlbany kulawulo lwaseRussia noluntu. http://sites.google.com/site/paradigmforpeace
